Patrick V. Kirch, Jillian A. Swift, Kepa Lyman, Greg Solatorio, Kylie Tuitavuki, Steven Lundblad, Peter Mills
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A Newly Identified Basalt Adze Quarry at Honoko‘i Gulch, East Moloka‘i, Hawaiian Islands
To date, no quarries were known on the eastern part of Moloka‘i Island, and it was assumed that the Kaluako‘i quarries on West Moloka‘i supplied the East Moloka‘i communities with adze material. Here, we report on the identification of a major quarry at Honoko‘i Gulch, near Hālawa Valley at the island's eastern tip. Fine-grained basalt (technically hawaiite-mugearite) exposed in a massive cliff was extracted and reduced to adze preforms at the quarry itself as well as at several flaking areas. EDXRF analysis of the quarry material demonstrates that it is identical to the Group A basalt debitage previously analyzed at the Hālawa Dune Site, indicating that the Honoko‘i quarry was a significant source of adze material for the occupants of Hālawa Valley. Radiocarbon dates from Honoko‘i and from the Hālawa Dune Site indicate that the quarry was in use from as early as AD 1366–1610. An unusual feature at the quarry itself is the presence of several anthropomorphic petroglyphs.
期刊介绍：
Geoarchaeology is an interdisciplinary journal published six times per year (in January, March, May, July, September and November). It presents the results of original research at the methodological and theoretical interface between archaeology and the geosciences and includes within its scope: interdisciplinary work focusing on understanding archaeological sites, their environmental context, and particularly site formation processes and how the analysis of sedimentary records can enhance our understanding of human activity in Quaternary environments. Manuscripts should examine the interrelationship between archaeology and the various disciplines within Quaternary science and the Earth Sciences more generally, including, for example: geology, geography, geomorphology, pedology, climatology, oceanography, geochemistry, geochronology, and geophysics. We also welcome papers that deal with the biological record of past human activity through the analysis of faunal and botanical remains and palaeoecological reconstructions that shed light on past human-environment interactions. The journal also welcomes manuscripts concerning the examination and geological context of human fossil remains as well as papers that employ analytical techniques to advance understanding of the composition and origin or material culture such as, for example, ceramics, metals, lithics, building stones, plasters, and cements. Such composition and provenance studies should be strongly grounded in their geological context through, for example, the systematic analysis of potential source materials.
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