Global Nest Journal最新文献

{"title":"Simultaneous removal of estrogens and pathogens from secondary treated wastewater by solar photocatalytic treatment","authors":"S. Fanourgiakis, D. Venieri","doi":"10.30955/gnj.001389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.001389","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the fate of emerging compounds in environmentally relevant samples has attracted considerable attention. Solar semiconductor photocatalysis may offer an appealing methodology to treat such contaminants. At the same time the use of solar photocatalysis for water and wastewater disinfection is a topic well-documented in the literature. In this respect, the simultaneous degradation of synthetic estrogen 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) and Escherichia coli removal employing simulated solar radiation and TiO2 as the photocatalyst was investigated. In general, the more complex the water matrix is the slower E. coli removal becomes, while the presence of E. coli in the reaction mixture did not obstruct EE2 removal. Although EE2 removal occurred relatively fast, overall estrogenic activity was only partially removed. This implies that other species inherently present in the effluent and/or some photocatalytic transformation by-products may be proportionately more estrogenic than EE2. Overall, the use of solar radiation can constitute an advantageous treatment strategy for the simultaneous removal of micropollutants and pathogens from secondary treated effluent.","PeriodicalId":55087,"journal":{"name":"Global Nest Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"543-552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69259151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airplane materials compatibility with blends of fossil kerosene Jet A1 with biokerosenes from babassu, palm kernel and coconut oils.","authors":"Ana-María Al-Lal, A. Llamas, David Bolonio, R. Rosas, F. Sanz-Pérez, M. Lapuerta, E. Kandel, L. Canoira","doi":"10.30955/gnj.001352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.001352","url":null,"abstract":"Currently there is a big interest to increase the sources of alternative fuels for aviation to get a reduction of their carbon footprint and the deep energetic dependence from fossil fuels of different countries. Although there are studies about how to produce this alternative fuel and how to accomplish the standards for a good performance in the aircraft turbines, there are no studies about how these fuels could affect the different materials of airplanes. In this context this work describes the compatibility of biokerosene blends of coconut, babassu and palm kernel with commercial Jet A-1 testing airplane polymeric materials, metals and composites. As a conclusion, all material samples show a good compatibility with the fuel blends tested.","PeriodicalId":55087,"journal":{"name":"Global Nest Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"1066-1075"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69259604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combustion of biofuels-diesel blends in an isothermal oven.","authors":"M. Toledo, J. Jiménez, L. Cardenas, R. Gers, J. Espinoza","doi":"10.30955/gnj.001448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.001448","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, combustion process of diesel and biofuel blends is studied experimentally in an isothermal oven. Blends with respectively 20%, 40% and 60% of Ethanol (E20, E40, E60), 20%, 40% and 60% of Methanol (M20, M40, M60), and 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of Biodiesel (B20, B40, B60, B80, B100), are comparatively analyzed focusing on wall temperature of the isothermal oven and emissions products from combustion. It is found that wall temperature drops with biodiesel content in blends and is higher compared with pure diesel, whatever the content of biodiesel. For diesel-ethanol and diesel-methanol blends the wall temperature is less than pure diesel. Unburned HCs and NOX emissions are very low for all blends and CO emissions increase with higher ethanol and methanol blends. For industrial applications that need high temperature (as drying, cooking, sterilization, others) the combustion of diesel-biodiesel blends are recommended.","PeriodicalId":55087,"journal":{"name":"Global Nest Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"1145-1151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69259207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WATER AND WASTEWATER DISINFECTION BY ULTRASOUND IRRADIATION- A CRITICAL REVIEW","authors":"Vincenzo Naddeo, A. Cesaro, D. Mantzavinos, D. Fatta-Kassinos, V. Belgiorno","doi":"10.30955/gnj.001350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.001350","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that chlorine and its compounds, traditionally utilized for water and wastewater disinfection, react with some organic matter to form undesirable by-products, hazardous to human health, known as Disinfection By-Products (DBPs). In many countries very stringent limits for chlorination by-products such as trihalomethanes were set for wastewater reuse. Accordingly, the use of different oxidation/disinfection systems should be evaluated as possible alternative to chlorine. Ultrasound (US) was recently found to be effective for this purpose. Aim of this work is to review main US disinfection studies, pointing out ultrasound mechanisms as well as its effects in terms of different bacteria inactivation (Total coliform, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Klebsiella pneumonia) at both laboratory scale and pilot-scale. To this end, several experimental results were discussed and both focal interest points and encountered problems were summarized. Moreover the intensification of cavitation phenomena by combined oxidation processes was overviewed and main advantages and disadvantages were pointed out, in order to address future research and promote efficient large scale operations.","PeriodicalId":55087,"journal":{"name":"Global Nest Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"561-577"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69259594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical parameters and nutrients variations of streams and rivers in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.","authors":"O. Omaka, F. Nwabue, E. J. Itumoh, E. O'roke, D. Igwe","doi":"10.30955/gnj.000997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.000997","url":null,"abstract":"Physicochemical parameters and nutrient loads of major rivers and streams in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State were studied for a period of seven (7) months from May to November, 2011. Regular and constant monitoring of water bodies is vital to ensure that water quality characteristics are maintained. The results obtained showed; temperature (28.60–30.00 °C), pH (6.80–7.93), DO (1.40– 3.53 mg l -1 ), turbidity (41.33–97.67 NTU), conductivity (19.00–613.30 µS cm -1 ), total acidity (9.17– 17.23 mg l -1 ), total alkalinity (6.43–10.97 mg l -1 ), BOD (1.20–7.03 mg l -1 ), COD (16.200–53.533 mg l -1 ), Phosphate (0.11–1.17 mg l -1 ) and Nitrate (0.12–1.45 mg l -1 ) ranges respectively. The turbidity and BOD were well above the prescribed standards. The results suggest that refuse disposal, fertilizer use, and natural phenomena e.g. soil erosion; flooding, etc. may have contributed in various ways to the impairment of the water quality of the studied sites. Although the results do not indicate adverse pollution status of any of the sites, they provided the need for further investigations and monitoring.","PeriodicalId":55087,"journal":{"name":"Global Nest Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"114-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69259383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF IN THE STRATONI REGION (N. GREECE) AFTER THE STORM OF 10 th FEBRUARY 2010","authors":"M. Sapountzis","doi":"10.30955/gnj.001234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.001234","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme floods often demonstrate unanticipated characteristics that pose problems for management and response. The flood in the Stratoni region in February 2010 provided an example of such unexpected response. The aim of this paper is the quantification of the hydrologic response of the torrents that outfall in the area of Stratoni of the prefecture of Chalkidiki by means of the synthetic unit hydrograph method. For this purpose, the effective rainfall is estimated with a Curve Number of Soil Conservation Service (SCS) procedure. In addition, the flood hydrograph is estimated using the Sierra Nevada’s synthetic unit hydrograph procedure. Th e resulting maximum flood discharge was compared with the value obtained by the method of flood-water traces and found not to differ significantly. Understanding of the hydrological operation of floods in small watersheds helps towards the design of plans and constructions of the infrastructure against flood risk.","PeriodicalId":55087,"journal":{"name":"Global Nest Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"421-432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69259477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of forest species for use in urban environment in relation to their potential capture to heavy metals","authors":"T. Samara, T. Tsitsoni","doi":"10.30955/gnj.001523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.001523","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research is to study the behavior of different forest species in accordance with their ability to retain heavy metals on their leaves in order to select the most suitable species for urban and peri-urban use, which will contribute to the reduction of the continuously growing atmospheric pollution in the cities. Five species were studied: Cupressus arizonica, Albizia julibrissin, Platanus orientalis, Celtis australis and Ligustrum japonicum. 360 leaf samples were collected and two treatments (non-washed and washed sheets) were applied on them. The determinative estimation of the concentration of metals in the clear filtrate was carried out with the use of ICP-OES inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. In order to correlate the concentration of heavy metals in leaves with the silvicultural characteristics of species, the following characteristics were measured in 20 individuals per species: diameter at breast height, total height of tree, crown beginning height and crown’s diameters. Statistically significant differences between the studied species were found for all metals. In addition, not a single species was found to retain the highest concentration of all. Metal concentration on leaves’ surface in declining order was: (Mn) > (Cu) > (Zn) > (Pb) > (Cr) > (Ni) > (Cd). The factor of height is significant both in the upper and lower layer of the crown. Broadleaves’ species as Albizia julibrissin with compound leaves capture significant heavy metals as conifer species.","PeriodicalId":55087,"journal":{"name":"Global Nest Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"966-974"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69259354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF EPOXIDATION ON CAMELINA Sativa BIODIESEL PROPERTIES","authors":"Á. Pérez, M. Carmona","doi":"10.30955/gnj.001355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.001355","url":null,"abstract":"An unstandarised biodiesel made from Camelina sativa oil, having over a 90 percent by weight of unsaturated fatty acids, were transformed into an epoxidised biodiesel that satisfy the requirements for iodine value, linolenic acid methyl ester content, cetane number, polyunsaturated fatty acids content, and viscosity established by the EN 14214 and ASTM D 6751 standards. The epoxidation reaction was carried out at 60 °C using peroxyacetic acid generated in situ and sulphuric acid as catalyst. A conversion of 60 % of double bonds was reached after 3 hours of reaction. However, only one hour was needed to get standard requirements and to avoid the epoxide ring opening side reaction that leads to hydroxyl groups. Besides, it was also observed that the formation of hydroxyl groups increases the kinematic viscosity of the biodiesel, being deleterious for the biodiesel properties.","PeriodicalId":55087,"journal":{"name":"Global Nest Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"1076-1084"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69259620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS OF IRON OXIDE PHOTO-FENTON CATALYSTS: THE EFFECT OF PARAMETERS ON MORPHOLOGY, PARTICLE SIZE AND CATALYTIC EFFICIENCY","authors":"L. M. Pastrana-Martínez, H. Gomes, G. Dražič, J. Faria, Adrián M. T. Silva","doi":"10.30955/gnj.001342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.001342","url":null,"abstract":"Iron oxide materials were synthesized by an easy and rapid hydrothermal method using different iron precursors (FeCl3∙6H2O, Fe(NO3)3∙9H2O and K4Fe(CN)6∙3H2O), solution pHs (acid and basic) and reaction times (3 h and 6 h). The synthesized materials were thoroughly characterized by transmission electron microscopy and it was found that, depending on the synthesis conditions, iron oxide samples with crystalline or with amorphous structures could be obtained. Except for the materials synthesised from K4Fe(CN)6∙3H2O and FeCl3∙6H2O under acidic conditions all the samples show mean particle sizes below 70 nm. The materials were further tested as catalysts for the degradation of 100 mg l -1 diphenhydramine aqueous solutions by the photoFenton process at 25 °C, pH = 2.8, 100 mg l -1 of catalyst and 16 mM of H2O2 concentration. The best results in terms of pollutant removal and mineralization extent were obtained with the catalysts prepared from Fe(NO3)3∙9H2O and K4Fe(CN)6∙3H2O, under basic conditions, after 3 h of synthesis reaction time (complete degradation of diphenhydramine and total organic carbon removal higher than 60% after 60 min of reaction). Leaching of iron species from these catalysts was measured below 1.5 mg l -1 , a","PeriodicalId":55087,"journal":{"name":"Global Nest Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"476-486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69259570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF KARSTIC WATERS- A CASE STUDY OF THE ZLATIBOR MOUNTAIN MASSIF, SERBIA","authors":"D. Milenic, N. Savic, A. Vranješ","doi":"10.30955/gnj.001394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.001394","url":null,"abstract":"The Zlatibor mountain massif has significantly changed for the past 20 years due to the development of tourism, which has resulted in an increase in water consumption and environmental threats. This area abounds in considerable surface and groundwater resources, which are not utilised adequately. Surface water characterized by lower quality and unstable regimes was utilised for water supply, while groundwater with better qualitative properties was utilised in a small percentage. A number of significant and gradually developing problems are the direct consequence of this concept of water resource utilisation. So far, water supply of central settlements has been based on the concept of the utilisation of surface water from the Zlatibor reservoir which was built in the year 1972, nowadays being filled up above the designed level, while the centralized water supply of other settlements has not been adequately solved generally. Previous research has indicated that this area is characterized by karstic groundwater reserves of regional character, and in most cases they are not adequately utilised, which has opened the possibility of their proper utilisation and the change to a new concept of water management in the area of Zlatibor. A new concept of water management implies the utilisation of karstic water, primarily, to resolve the public water supply issue. In the future, a number of benefits such as: resolving of centralized water supply issues, reduction of surface water pollution, creating opportunities for the utilisation of surface water for other purposes, creating new tourist zones, reduction of environmental pollution, improvement of the general welfare of the population, etc., will be achieved by this concept. From the aforesaid, it can be concluded that a number of interconnected and integrated benefits will be gained by full implementation of the new concept of karst water utilisation. The application of the concept designed in this way, ultimately implies the establishment of an integrated management of all karst water in the area of Zlatibor. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary, primarily, to solve the problem of adequate public water supply by karstic groundwater, which implies the establishment of integrated karstic water management in this area, and that is the focus of this paper.","PeriodicalId":55087,"journal":{"name":"Global Nest Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"717-731"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69259165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}