Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation最新文献

{"title":"Complementary Field and Laboratory Batch Studies to Quantify Generation Rates of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in a Contaminated Agricultural Topsoil with Unknown Precursors","authors":"Alexander Arthur Haluska,&nbsp;Klaus Röhler,&nbsp;Joel Fabregat-Palau,&nbsp;Diogo A. M. Alexandrino,&nbsp;Sergey Abramov,&nbsp;Katharine J. Thompson,&nbsp;Daniel Straub,&nbsp;Sara Kleindienst,&nbsp;Boris Bugsel,&nbsp;Jonathan Zweigle,&nbsp;Christian Zwiener,&nbsp;Peter Grathwohl","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12680","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12680","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil microbiome changes and generation rates of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) precursors were studied in a contaminated agricultural field using a combination of field and laboratory batch microcosm studies. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to track how microbial community composition changed over time, while perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA) generation rates were quantified using a combination of field and batch incubations combined with the direct total oxidizable precursor (dTOP) assay. The study site in Brilon-Scharfenberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, has PFAS contamination in the topsoil (0 to 30 cm) originating from compost. Generation rate constants of these short-chain PFAA estimated from batch incubations (0.12 to 0.75 1/year) were higher but similar to rate constants from the fields (0.05 to 0.22 1/year). Long-term field mass discharge data (2009 to 2023) suggest that at least 60 years are needed to remove 99.99% of short-chain PFAA and their precursors. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing data revealed a major impact of PFAA on the biodiversity of soil microorganisms, with batch-incubated contaminated soils showing higher richness and diversity indexes than field control soils. However, most of these impacts occurred at lower taxonomical ranks and did not seem to have a prominent impact on the overall structure of the autochtonous microbial communities of the soils where PFAA were produced and accumulated. Overall, our findings demonstrate that well-controlled aerobic batch test combined with the results of dTOP assay are a suitable approach for estimating short-chain PFAA generation rates. Additionally, our research suggests that the complete removal of PFAA precursors from topsoil will take decades.</p>","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":"44 3","pages":"61-75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwmr.12680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141994194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlight","authors":"Mike Price","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12678","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12678","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":"44 3","pages":"144-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Resolution Forensic Evaluation of Nitrate-Contaminated Groundwater","authors":"Michael Sklash,&nbsp;Fatemeh Vakili","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12681","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12681","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Determining the source(s) of nitrate contamination in agricultural areas is complicated; doing this as a forensic evaluation for litigation in one field week is especially challenging. The objective of this 2021 investigation, conducted for an agricultural producer who began applying animal waste in 2007, was to determine whether animal waste was the source of nitrate reported at downgradient residential wells. The test Site was a 180 acre, irrigated field that overlies a thick sand aquifer with the water table at about 20 ft below ground level (fbgl). We used multiple lines of evidence to resolve the source(s) of nitrate at three test locations at the Site using continuous vertical testing for hydraulic conductivity and high-resolution vertical testing of selected chemical and isotopic parameters in water at 5-ft depth intervals between 5 and 80 fbgl. We found that beneath the Site at the depth interval of most of the impacted residential wells: (1) groundwater travel time indicates nitrate at the impacted residential wells could not have originated from the Site, (2) the groundwater age based on tritium (³H) pre-dates the establishment of manure spreading, and (3) the nitrogen-15 concentrations (δ¹⁵N) in nitrate indicate the nitrate is not all, if in any part, due to animal waste. This high-resolution investigation clearly indicated that the agricultural producer was not responsible for the impacted residential wells and was completed in only 1 week.</p>","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":"44 3","pages":"128-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safe Drinking Water Act 50th Anniversary—Recognizing an Evolving Path of Groundwater Management and Protection","authors":"Charles Job","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12671","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12671","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":"44 3","pages":"22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141745275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Aerobic ETBE-Degrading Microorganisms in Groundwater Using Stable Isotope Probing","authors":"Henry C.G. Nicholls,&nbsp;H. Emma Mallinson,&nbsp;Steven F. Thornton,&nbsp;Markus Hjort,&nbsp;Stephen A. Rolfe","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12679","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12679","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A limited number of microorganisms have been identified with the capability to degrade ethyl <i>tert</i>-butyl ether (ETBE) in the environment. Knowledge of the identity and distribution of ETBE-degrading microorganisms is important for the implementation of management measures such as natural attenuation and bioremediation at ETBE-release sites. In this study, DNA-stable isotope probing (SIP) was used to identify microorganisms able to aerobically degrade ¹³C-labeled ETBE in laboratory microcosms constructed with groundwater and aquifer material from an ETBE-release site. Microorganisms in the Class γ-proteobacteria, Order β-proteobacteriales, Family Burkholderiaceae, and classified as <i>Methylibium</i> and <i>Leptothrix</i>, respectively, were identified as primary ETBE degraders. Comparisons with ETBE-responsive microorganisms (those which increased in abundance after the addition of ETBE), identified by high-throughput sequencing of microcosms established from the same site, showed that only a small proportion of the ETBE-responsive organisms were primary degraders as determined by SIP. ETBE degraders were taxonomically related to microorganisms able to degrade other gasoline components, but not ETBE, implying that this functionality results from acquisition of the <i>eth</i> gene cluster by these organisms. These ETBE degraders could also be identified at ETBE-release sites, but at low relative abundance and generally only in those locations from which the microcosms had been established. Therefore, we recommend that molecular investigations of ETBE-contaminated sites focus on functional genes (i.e., the <i>eth</i> gene cluster) rather than specific taxa.</p>","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":"44 4","pages":"92-103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwmr.12679","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141745284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Hydrogeologic-Based Data—Reduce, Repurpose, Reimagine","authors":"Craig Divine,&nbsp;Everett Fortner III,&nbsp;Colleen O. Barton,&nbsp;Caitlin Cisco,&nbsp;Colin Hollister,&nbsp;David Profusek,&nbsp;Matthew Spurlin","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12673","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":"44 3","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141745276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In My Experience: We Need to Work Together to Reinvigorate MS-Level Education in Hydrogeology","authors":"Ty Ferre","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12676","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":"44 3","pages":"148-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141640389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Mass Flux and Distributions in a Lake System Using Sediment Bed Passive Flux Meters and Ceramic Dosimeters","authors":"Alexander Haluska,&nbsp;Andreas Meder,&nbsp;Bernd Susset,&nbsp;Klaus Röhler,&nbsp;Renate Seelig,&nbsp;Amirhossein Ershadi,&nbsp;Jay Cho,&nbsp;Michael D. Annable,&nbsp;Peter Grathwohl","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12665","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12665","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent in the environment due to their chemical stability and can spread quickly in a lake system due to mixing. Passive samplers allow for time-weighted average concentration monitoring and the ability to detect low concentrations, which are difficult to measure with conventional grab sampling. This study demonstrates the feasibility of deploying both ceramic dosimeters and Sediment Bed Passive Flux Meters (SBPFMs) to assess time integrated PFAS concentrations and fluxes, respectively, at a historically contaminated PFAS lake near Baden-Baden, Germany. Long-term surface water grab samples resulted in the detection of PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFBS, PFHxS, and PFOS at a total concentration of approximately 1 μg/L. Dosimeters were deployed for 66 and 126 d, resulting in detected concentrations ranging from approximately 250 to 380 ng/L and 120 to 460 ng/L, respectively. The 66 d deployment resulted in the detection of PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, and PFOA, whereas the 126 d deployment additionally detected PFBA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFDoDA, PFTeDA, PFBS, PFPeS, PFOS, PFNS, and PFDS. SBPFMs resulted in the detection of PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFUnA, PFTrDA, and PFBS and the determination of a total mass discharge of 5.6 g/d into the lake. Overall, dosimeters and SBPFMs are more sensitive than grab samples at detecting PFAS at low concentrations and can be used to better understand spatial distribution of PFAS in a lake system.</p>","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":"44 4","pages":"38-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwmr.12665","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141647289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Society News","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12672","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12672","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":"44 3","pages":"10-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Vadose Zone Deserves More Attention","authors":"Chase Holton,&nbsp;Jens Blotevogel,&nbsp;Matt Lahvis","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12677","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12677","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The vadose zone, the variably saturated layer between the surface and groundwater table, plays a significant yet often overlooked role in subsurface contaminant fate and transport. Contaminants entering and exiting the subsurface must pass through this zone, but characterization methods are comparatively less developed than those applied to the saturated zone. Despite its importance, the vadose zone's complexity and transient nature present challenges to site characterization that have historically limited our ability to fully understand it.</p><p>Conventional vadose zone field investigations typically rely on well-established technologies, such as coring, seepage lysimeters, and geophysical methods like electrical conductivity and time domain reflectometry. While these methods continue to be used and refined, the rise of real-time and data-intensive tools holds significant promise in transforming vadose zone characterization, providing more detailed information than ever before.</p><p>New challenges have also emerged. The growing concern over per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a diverse group of synthetic chemicals, has highlighted the need for improving our understanding of vadose zone retention processes. Some PFAS have surfactant properties and are known to interact strongly with air-water interfaces which can contribute to greater accumulation in the vadose zone. Investigating the subsurface transport behavior of these and other chemicals is critical to the development of robust characterization and remediation strategies.</p><p>Collectively, these papers underscore the important roles of the vadose zone in contaminant fate and transport, as well as the need for continued research to uncover the processes yet to be discovered in this dynamic environment.</p><p>We extend our sincere thanks to the authors, coauthors, and peer reviewers who contributed to this Special Issue. We hope it will serve as a valuable resource, inspiring further research and fostering a deeper appreciation of the vadose zone's roles in our practice. There is still much to learn about this critical, yet often overlooked, component of the subsurface environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":"44 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwmr.12677","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141567556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}