Health Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Mindfulness for heart and mind: Mindfulness-based blood pressure reduction randomized clinical trial for depression symptoms.","authors":"Surenmaa Sukhbaatar, Shufang Sun, Matthew M Scarpaci, Vinicius V Neves, Margaret A Sheridan, Eric B Loucks","doi":"10.1037/hea0001568","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of the Mindfulness-Based Blood Pressure Reduction (MB-BP) program on depression symptoms in individuals with elevated blood pressure (BP). Exploratory analyses examined whether childhood abuse or neglect moderated these effects.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Adults with elevated BP (<i>n</i> = 201; ≥120/80 mmHg) were randomized to MB-BP (<i>n</i> = 101) or enhanced usual care (<i>n</i> = 100) and followed for 6 months. MB-BP trained participants in mindful self-regulation skills-self-awareness, attention control, and emotion regulation-and applied these skills to modifiable determinants of BP and depression symptoms, such as diet, physical activity, alcohol use, and stress reactivity. Depression symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised. Outcome assessors were blinded to group assignments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (58.8% female, 81.1% non-Hispanic White, mean age 59.5years) in the MB-BP group had a 1.65-point greater reduction in Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised scores at 6 months versus controls (95% CI [-2.79, -0.51], Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.29). Exploratory analyses revealed sizable reductions in depression symptoms for participants exposed to high parental neglect (-2.25, 95% CI [-4.18, -0.31]) and modest reductions in those with low neglect (-0.78, 95% CI [-2.28, 0.70]), with a formal test for interaction <i>p</i> value of .011. High abuse exposure was associated with depression symptom improvements (-2.34, 95% CI [-4.58, -0.10]), as was low abuse exposure (-1.49, 95% CI [-4.08, 1.10]), with a test for interaction <i>p</i> value of .079.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MB-BP significantly reduced depression symptoms in individuals with elevated BP, with preliminary evidence suggesting amplified benefits for those with early-life adversity, particularly neglect. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"566-577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13532758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictions from early adolescent interpersonal aggression to accelerated aging in adulthood: Relational and biological mechanisms of linkage.","authors":"Joseph P Allen, Meghan A Costello, Gabrielle L Hunt, Bert N Uchino, Karen Sugden","doi":"10.1037/hea0001576","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined early adolescent interpersonal aggression, subsequent conflict with parents, and aggression toward close peers as predictors of accelerated biological aging by age 30.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 123; 46 males and 75 females) were assessed repeatedly, along with parents and close friends, ages from 13 to 30.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early adolescent interpersonal aggression was found to predict later accelerated aging even after accounting for adolescent gender, family income, prior health difficulties, and body shape ratings in adolescence. Path analyses suggested that the effects of early interpersonal aggression were potentially mediated via higher levels of father-adolescent conflict reported by fathers in adolescence and by aggressive behavior toward close peers as reported by those peers in early adulthood. Follow-up analyses suggested that these same factors also predicted adult body mass index scores after accounting for body shape in adolescence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results are interpreted as evidence that social difficulties with lifelong health implications may be identified beginning in early adolescence, thus highlighting the potential importance of early interventions to address these difficulties. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"473-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12970554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147367348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life satisfaction and blood pressure: A coordinated analysis of 16 cohorts.","authors":"Yoobin Park, Laura D Kubzansky, Wendy Berry Mendes","doi":"10.1037/hea0001565","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Research suggests that high life satisfaction is related to better health outcomes, but its relationship with blood pressure, a key indicator of cardiovascular health, remains inconclusive. We conducted a comprehensive cross-sectional investigation of the association between life satisfaction and blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analyzed data from 16 cohorts, each including life satisfaction assessments and blood pressure measurements. We meta-analyzed associations between life satisfaction and (a) continuous levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and (b) presence of high blood pressure, inferred based on measured blood pressure of ≥140/90 mmHg and self-reported medication use. We also conducted parallel analyses, predicting hypertension status operationalized based solely on self-reported diagnosis and medication use, as in previous research. Finally, we examined the role of depressive symptoms in these relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Meta-analytic results revealed no consistent association between life satisfaction and either measured blood pressure levels or the presence of high blood pressure. These associations did not differ by the type of life satisfaction measure used or by the economic conditions of the studied countries. However, when considering self-reported hypertension, higher life satisfaction was related to a lower hypertension risk, consistent with previous findings. More depressive symptoms were related to both lower measured blood pressure and a higher risk of self-reported hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of distinguishing between self-reported and objectively measured health outcomes when understanding and investigating the relationship between psychological and physical well-being. We discuss caveats in relying on single-day blood pressure assessments or recalled diagnoses to infer hypertension status. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"484-496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12704161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social stressors and inflammatory gene expression in U.S. Chinese immigrants.","authors":"Carolyn Y Fang, Marilyn Tseng, Brian L Egleston, Amy H Auchincloss, Emily Walton, Steve W Cole","doi":"10.1037/hea0001577","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Immigrants comprise approximately 14% of the U.S. population and experience increasing rates of chronic disease after migration that are not wholly attributable to behavioral acculturation. The present study examined whether social stressors commonly experienced by immigrants (e.g., acculturative stress, discrimination) are associated with proinflammatory gene expression in a sample of Chinese immigrants residing in the United States.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (<i>n</i> = 216) in an observational study completed assessments of acculturative stress, perceived discrimination, and social isolation. Participant weight and height were measured during an in-person exam, and fasting blood samples were collected and assayed for inflammatory gene expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Greater perceived discrimination was significantly associated with higher levels of inflammatory gene expression controlling for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, and other demographic variables. Neither acculturative stress nor social isolation was associated with inflammatory gene expression profiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is one of the first studies to examine social stressors in relation to biologic pathways that may underlie the increase in chronic disease risk observed among foreign-born populations. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of how social experiences may impact immigrant health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"539-548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146108326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing a social cognitive process model for predicting redonation behavior among blood donors: A longitudinal study.","authors":"Huahua Hu, Phoenix K H Mo, Joseph T F Lau, Qiuyue Hu, Lingling Pan, Wei Hu","doi":"10.1037/hea0001572","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>It is important to understand how multidimensional factors, such as observational learning, knowledge, and self-reinforcement, operate in influencing repeated blood donation (RBD) behavior, so that effective interventions can be designed to improve RBD. Grounded in social-cognitive theory, health action process approach, and theory of planned behavior, the present study aimed to test a three-stage social-cognitive process model in predicting RBD behavior.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 850 blood donors (390 females, 460 males; <i>M</i>_age = 25.29 ± 7.16) were recruited from blood donation sites in Zhejiang, China, and completed an online survey measuring the factors from social-cognitive theory at baseline, and their RBD behavior was followed up by checking the blood donation record from the database of the Blood Center in Zhejiang Province 6 months later. Structural equation modeling was used to test the three-stage social-cognitive process models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Structural equation modeling analyses supported a three-stage social-cognitive process model in which, in the first stage, information sources (observational learning and positive and negative experiences) were associated with outcome expectation. In the second stage, outcome expectation and maintenance self-efficacy serially mediated the relationship between information sources and RBD intention/behavior. In the third stage, RBD intention fully mediated the influence of negative experiences, outcome expectation, and maintenance self-efficacy on RBD behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study offers valuable insights for designing effective interventions to enhance RBD. Interventions aiming at promoting RBD behavior should reinforce positive outcome expectations and maintenance self-efficacy and mitigate negative experiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"549-559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146108319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of state happiness with mortality: Evidence from a prospective cohort study in Japan.","authors":"Akitomo Yasunaga, Ai Shibata, Yoshino Hosokawa, Mohammad Javad Koohsari, Rina Miyawaki, Kuniko Araki, Kaori Ishii, Koichiro Oka","doi":"10.1037/hea0001571","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine whether the association between happiness and all-cause mortality persists after adjustment for health status and sociodemographic factors in Japanese adults. The study addressed the gap in understanding the relationship between happiness and mortality in Japanese populations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 3,187 adults from Minami-Izu, Japan, were included in a prospective study tracking all-cause mortality from October 2016 to October 2023. Happiness was assessed using a single-item, self-report measure of state emotional well-being. Sociodemographic factors (age, sex, marital status, education, and economic status) and health status (body mass index and physical function) were considered as covariates. Binary logistic regression models were used to examine the association between happiness and mortality, adjusted for these factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up, 277 participants died. The risk of all-cause mortality was higher in those who reported being unhappy compared with those who reported being happy after adjustment for age and sex (OR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.63-4.44) and also significantly higher in those who reported being unhappy compared with those who reported being happy after adjustment for age, sex, all socioeconomic factors and health status (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.09-3.16). Sensitivity analyses excluding deaths within the first year showed consistent results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Happiness is independently associated with reduced mortality risk, even after adjustment for sociodemographic and health status factors. These findings highlight the importance of promoting positive well-being in Japanese populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"560-565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective links between childhood family income and subclinical atherosclerosis in a sample of young men.","authors":"Emily J Jones, Sydney Damon, Portia Miller, Tess Dupree, Mindy L Coccari, Akira Sekikawa, Daniel S Shaw, Anna L Marsland, Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal","doi":"10.1037/hea0001579","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Men who experience childhood economic disadvantage may be at elevated risk for subclinical cardiovascular disease in adulthood, showing signs of disease 10 years before women. Leveraging prospective data from men who experienced low levels of family income in infancy/toddlerhood, we examine the variance in adult carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a putative marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, that is related to cumulative childhood family income.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data are from 145 men (31.7 years; 47.6% White) who participated in the Pathways to Health study, which is a follow-up study to the Pitt Mother & Infant Project that began in 1991. Between ages 1.5-17 years, participants' parents reported on their annual income on 13 occasions, which were averaged together to calculate their cumulative childhood family income. At age approximately 32 years, men's carotid IMT was measured by a trained technician using ultrasonography. Linear regression was used to examine the association between cumulative childhood family income and adult IMT in an unadjusted model. Then, we controlled for parents' educational attainment, men's socioeconomic status (i.e., income, education, employment), traditional markers of cardiovascular risk (e.g., smoking, blood pressure, adiposity), and race to examine the unique variance in IMT associated with childhood family income.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cumulative childhood income was negatively associated with adult IMT (β = -.27, <i>p</i> < .01). This association remained statistically reliable when adjusting for parents' educational attainment, adult socioeconomic status, and traditional markers of cardiovascular risk (β = -.24, <i>p</i> = .03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pending replication, findings highlight the importance of considering men's economic upbringing when assessing their risk for subclinical atherosclerosis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"590-601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12857746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146088148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purpose in life and mortality among breast cancer survivors.","authors":"Juhua Luo, Stephanie A Hooker, Candyce H Kroenke, Michael Hendryx, Michelle J Naughton, Yu Du, Hilary A Tindle, Tarah J Ballinger, Su Yon Jung, Julie C Weitlauf, Roberto M Benzo, Lihong Qi, Dorothy S Lane, Karen L Margolis","doi":"10.1037/hea0001563","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Purpose in life (PIL), referring to an individual's sense of direction and meaning, may enhance well-being among cancer survivors. However, its relationship with survival remains unclear. This study investigates the association between PIL and mortality among breast cancer survivors and explores potential underlying pathways.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analyzed 3,692 breast cancer survivors from the Women's Health Initiative, a cohort of postmenopausal women aged 50-79 recruited between 1993 and 1998. PIL was assessed in 2012 using a modified seven-item measure from Ryff and Keyes' Psychological Well-Being scale. Breast cancer cases and causes of death were confirmed through medical record review and death certificates. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with mediation analysis exploring underlying pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 9.1 years of follow-up, 1,627 women (44.1%) died. Women in the highest PIL quartile had a 33% lower mortality risk than those in the lowest quartile (HR = 0.67, 95% CI = [0.58, 0.78], <i>p</i> for trend < .0001). Stronger associations were observed among women under 70 (HR = 0.34, 95% CI = [0.19, 0.63]) and those diagnosed within the past year (HR = 0.28, 95% CI = [0.13, 0.58]). Physical activity, low perceived stress, and social engagement mediated 14.2%, 18.3%, and 13.7% of the association, respectively, collectively explaining 51% of the association.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher PIL is associated with improved survival in breast cancer survivors, with physical activity, stress reduction, and social engagement as key pathways. Goal-oriented interventions promoting PIL may improve survivorship outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"423-432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prosocial phenotype and co-operative health protective behaviors: Insights from COVID-19.","authors":"Richard Mills, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Karen Wetherall, Seonaid Cleare, Barbara Masser, Heather McClelland, Ambrose J Melson, Claire Niedzwiedz, Daryl B O'Connor, Ronan O'Carroll, Kathryn A Robb, Elizabeth Scowcroft, Billy Watson, Angela Wood, Tiago Zortea, Rory O'Connor, Roshan Desai, Susan R Brailsford, Eamonn Ferguson","doi":"10.1037/hea0001561","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Identifying factors associated with co-operative health-protective behaviors (e.g., vaccination and social distancing) is critical during crises requiring collective action. This research examines two hypotheses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: (a) the situational-strength hypothesis, which predicts that the impact of prosocial preferences on repeated low-cost co-operative actions (e.g., adherence to government guidelines) is moderated by situational ambiguity (e.g., clarity of guidelines); and (b) the vaccination-altruism hypothesis, predicting prosocial individuals are more likely to undertake high-cost co-operative actions (e.g., initial COVID-19 vaccination) due to other-regarding motives.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 2, 861) assessed four prosocial behaviors (blood donation, organ donor registration, monetary donation, and volunteering) and three classic co-operative games (dictator, trust, and public goods) to validate a prosocial-phenotype (PP) measure. Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 3, 077) utilized an eight-wave U.K. panel survey (March 2020-July 2021) to test the situational strength and vaccination-altruism hypotheses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study 1 found that past prosocial behavior was significantly correlated with behavior in co-operative games, supporting construction of the PP measure. In Study 2, higher PP, in line with the situational-strength hypothesis, was associated with greater adherence to guidelines, but only when rules were ambiguous. Higher PP was also associated with greater stated willingness and uptake of vaccination. Although self-protection was the most common motive to vaccinate, high-PP individuals were more likely to cite protecting others and achieving herd immunity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prosociality plays a dynamic role in influencing both low- and high-cost co-operative health protective behaviors, offering insights for public health strategies in future crises. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"445-459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145379953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loneliness, social isolation, and sleep problems: Findings from a 10-year longitudinal study of Chinese middle-aged and older adults.","authors":"Wenwen Yu, Wu Jin, Yingying Li, Wen Yao, Kang Ju, Ningning Zhou, Juzhe Xi","doi":"10.1037/hea0001556","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Social isolation, loneliness, and sleep problems have emerged as significant concerns in aging populations, yet longitudinal studies exploring their interconnections are limited. This study examined these relationships and performed subgroup analyses based on age and gender.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011, 2013, 2015, 2018, and 2020 waves; age ≥ 45 years, <i>n</i> = 7,622). The random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs) were utilized to jointly examine the reciprocal effects between loneliness and sleep problems, as well as between social isolation and sleep problems in the total sample and within age and gender subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed a bidirectional association between loneliness and sleep problems: sleep problems predicted later loneliness, β = .032, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.019, 0.046], to .041, 95% CI [0.024, 0.057], and vice versa (β = .030, 95% CI [0.017, 0.042], to .037, 95% CI [0.021, 0.053]). Age and sex moderated the relationship between social isolation and sleep problems. Subgroup analyses showed a bidirectional pattern in older adults, with social isolation predicting later sleep problems (β = .031, 95% CI [0.009, 0.053], to .037, 95% CI [0.010, 0.064]), and the reverse association also observed (β = .024, 95% CI [0.001, 0.046], to .027, 95% CI [0.002, 0.052]). Among females, a unidirectional effect emerged, where social isolation predicted subsequent sleep problems (β = .021, 95% CI [0.002, 0.040], to .026, 95% CI [0.003-0.050]).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Social isolation and loneliness exhibit distinct longitudinal relationships with sleep problems. Attention to loneliness and sleep problems should begin in middle age. Social isolation presents a greater threat to older adults and females, warranting further investigation in these populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"433-444"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}