Hanwen Ren, Siyang Zhao, Jian Mu, Haoyu Gao, Tianrun Qi, Zhiyun Han, Zhihui Li, Qingmin Li
{"title":"Front Cover: Equivalent transmission line characterization and multi-layer material measurement analysis of the signal conversion process in the pulsed electro-acoustic method","authors":"Hanwen Ren, Siyang Zhao, Jian Mu, Haoyu Gao, Tianrun Qi, Zhiyun Han, Zhihui Li, Qingmin Li","doi":"10.1049/smt2.12188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/smt2.12188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the Original Research <i>Equivalent transmission line characterization and multi-layer material measurement analysis of the signal conversion process in the pulsed electro-acoustic method</i> by Hanwen Ren et al., https://doi.org/10.1049/smt2.12168.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":54999,"journal":{"name":"Iet Science Measurement & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smt2.12188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140114249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mirco Raffetto, Mario Rene Clemente Vargas, Kirill Zeyde
{"title":"A new born-approximation approach to compute the effects of motion on the solution of electromagnetic problems involving moving materials with stationary boundaries","authors":"Mirco Raffetto, Mario Rene Clemente Vargas, Kirill Zeyde","doi":"10.1049/smt2.12184","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smt2.12184","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The non-relativistic motion of media induces very weak effects on electromagnetic fields. For this reason, it is extremely difficult to compute such effects with traditional techniques. To overcome this difficulty, a novel approach is introduced in this work. It is based on the Born approximation of the solution of electromagnetic problems involving media in motion. The formulation of these problems makes use of equivalent field sources and is specifically tailored to find the effects of motion on the electromagnetic field. The new methodology exploits traditional simulators able to deal with media at rest. The motion of the materials has to be managed by specific programs performing simple algebraic calculations. The simplest of the methods proposed does not present any additional complexity with respect to more traditional approaches to the same problems. All methods deal with time-harmonic electromagnetic fields and, for this reason, they can manage materials in motion with stationary boundaries. A complete set of simulations for cylinders moving in the axial direction show that the new methods outperform traditional numerical approaches and, in some significant cases, traditional approaches based on semi-analytical techniques. The good features of the new methodology are shown to hold true for a range of velocity values spanning 11 decades; such a range covers most of the applications of practical interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":54999,"journal":{"name":"Iet Science Measurement & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smt2.12184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140259509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A low-cost method for testing and analyzing the cervical range of motion","authors":"Xun Zhang, Guanghua Xu, Zejin Li, Zhicheng Teng, Xin Zhang, Sicong Zhang","doi":"10.1049/smt2.12186","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smt2.12186","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Measurement of the cervical range of motion (CROM) is significant for early diagnosis of cervical spondylosis and determination of the severity of the disease. Aiming at the problem of convenient and continuous measurement of CROM and the reduction of the impact of data fluctuations, this paper proposes a low-cost method for testing and analyzing CROM. This paper analyzes the correspondence between smartphone orientation sensor angle and CROM, obtains smartphone orientation sensing data, and uses the extreme-point symmetric mode decomposition method by calculating the energy of the difference value to extract the adaptive global mean curve of the CROM data, and calculates the cervical ROM. The statistical analysis of the CROM test results is carried out. Results show that the method proposed can obtain the CROM including flexion and extension, lateral flexion, and rotation in a single measurement, which has the advantages of continuous measurement and low cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":54999,"journal":{"name":"Iet Science Measurement & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smt2.12186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140266405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new differential magnetic-field probe with high detection sensitivity for near-field scanning","authors":"Duan Nie, Ruiqi Wang, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1049/smt2.12173","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smt2.12173","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, a new differential magnetic-field probe with high detection sensitivity for near-field scanning is proposed. The proposed probe consists of a U-shaped differential loop as a driven element, a pair of asymmetric inverted U-shaped differential loops as a parasitic element, two transmission line, two connected vias, two shorted vias, and two output ports. Connected and shorted vias are used to form the sensing structure with high sensitivity. Some shield vias are used to reject the unwanted electric–field coupling. The proposed probe is simulated, fabricated, and measured to demonstrate the design rationality. The measured results reveal that the presented probe has a higher detection sensitivity and a high electric-field suppression ratio greater than −35 dB in the range of 0.01 to 20 GHz.</p>","PeriodicalId":54999,"journal":{"name":"Iet Science Measurement & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smt2.12173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140426280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuehan Qu, Hongshan Zhao, Shice Zhao, Libo Ma, Zengqiang Mi
{"title":"Evaluation method for insulation degradation of power transformer windings based on incomplete internet of things sensing data","authors":"Yuehan Qu, Hongshan Zhao, Shice Zhao, Libo Ma, Zengqiang Mi","doi":"10.1049/smt2.12174","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smt2.12174","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper proposes a novel evaluation method to address the challenge of evaluating insulation degradation in power transformer windings based on incomplete online Internet of Things (IoT) sensing data. The method leverages the Wasserstein Slim Generative Adversarial Imputation Network with Gradient Penalty algorithm to fill the irregularly missing power transformer IoT perception data, including voltage, current, temperature, and partial discharge. Subsequently, electrical, thermal, and mechanical performance degradation damage indicators for transformer winding insulation are constructed using the filled and complete IoT perception data. By applying the tensor fusion algorithm, the characteristics of these degradation damage indicators are fused, leading to the development of a comprehensive degradation evaluation index for the winding insulation. The evaluation of the winding insulation degradation state is achieved through the minimum quantization error method. The proposed method is validated using the real-world transformer IoT perception data, and the experimental results demonstrate its ability to accurately assess the degree of winding insulation degradation, regardless of the presence of random or continuous irregularities in IoT sensing data.</p>","PeriodicalId":54999,"journal":{"name":"Iet Science Measurement & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smt2.12174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139807932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of electric field and partial discharge characteristics of cable joint stress cone dislocation defects","authors":"Yuwei Sun, Anqiang Lv, Zhiyuan Xie","doi":"10.1049/smt2.12181","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smt2.12181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanisms governing electric field and partial discharge (PD) under stress cone dislocation remain unclear. This study employs the finite element method to explore the relationship between the electric field, externally applied voltage, and length of dislocation. Subsequently, the correlation between voltage and electric field is determined. The relationship between voltage and PD is established through PD tests conducted under stress cone dislocation conditions. By considering the influence of voltage, the association between the electric field and PD is established, revealing the mechanism of PD initiation by electric field distortion in joints. The findings suggest that the lifetime and reliability were increased by wrapping semi-conductive self-adhesive tape around the exposed cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation layer. The electric field at a specific location is approximately proportional to the applied voltage. However, the slope is influenced by the composite insulation interface and the radial distance of the copper conductor. When crossing the interface between the XLPE insulation layer and the accessory insulation layer, the slope decreases significantly. The threshold for electric field PD is determined by examining the electric field distribution and the PD inception voltage during testing. When the voltage is sufficiently high, significant electric field distortions can occur at multiple points in the joint, potentially leading to concurrent PDs at several locations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54999,"journal":{"name":"Iet Science Measurement & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smt2.12181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140480904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ossama. E. Gouda, Adel Z. El Dein, Wulfran F. Mbasso, Mosleh Alharthi, Sherif S. M. Ghoneim
{"title":"A proposed method for calculating the voltage and current distributions of grounded and isolated networks subjected to line-to-ground faults","authors":"Ossama. E. Gouda, Adel Z. El Dein, Wulfran F. Mbasso, Mosleh Alharthi, Sherif S. M. Ghoneim","doi":"10.1049/smt2.12180","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smt2.12180","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One crucial objective of this article is to present simplified and accurate approaches to study the current distribution and ground surface potential around the area surrounding an earthed and isolated system in case of a line-to-earth fault. The present study is done in the case of uniform and two-layer soils. Suggested models for calculating the distribution of the earth's surface current density, step, and touch voltages in grounded and isolated systems are presented, discussed, and adapted. The contact and arc resistances of line to ground faulty conductors are considered. Rods and/or grounding grids usually do grounded systems. The impact of both step and touch potentials and current density are investigated in this article. The methods of the calculations are based on the electrical concepts, the charge simulation method, and the imaging procedure for the grounding system. The suggested method can be considered a novel and simple technique for calculating the current distributions of the ground surface during line to ground fault. The results agree with those obtained by others, with the advantage of the proposed algorithm for its ease of application and simplicity. 3-D dimensions’ contours of the current density and the electric potential on the earth surface around the faulty point are presented in case of homogeneous and two layers’ soil. Finally, this article's novelty is to devise a method for calculating the step and touch potentials and current density around the point of contact of the conductor carrying the electric voltages in the event of faults occurring in the electrical network, whether the network is grounded or isolated. Such faults of electrical networks may cause human hazards.</p>","PeriodicalId":54999,"journal":{"name":"Iet Science Measurement & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smt2.12180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Long Zhao, Zhicheng Liu, Peng Yuan, Guanru Wen, Xinbo Huang
{"title":"Vibration feature extraction and fault detection method for transmission towers","authors":"Long Zhao, Zhicheng Liu, Peng Yuan, Guanru Wen, Xinbo Huang","doi":"10.1049/smt2.12179","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smt2.12179","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a novel bolt looseness detection method for power transmission towers based on vibration signal analysis. The proposed method utilizes pulse excitation to extract the vibration signal of the tower, which is then adaptively decomposed using the Variational Mode Decomposition of Spider Wasp optimizer (SWVMD). This overcomes limitations of traditional Variational Mode Decomposition methods by leveraging bio-inspired optimization to improve signal decomposition. Simulated signals processed with different optimization methods verify the superiority of the SWO approach. Field tests on a 110-kV transmission tower further demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SWVMD technique for analyzing on-site vibration data. A new improved intrinsic multiscale sample entropy feature is also introduced for bolt state characterization. A Spider Wasp Support Vector Machine classifier is developed to realize accurate bolt loosening monitoring using the extracted features. Dynamic response tests under varying bolt conditions show that the method can identify early loosening and reduce tower damage risks compared to conventional techniques. This novel vibration-based detection framework presents an innovative application of nature-inspired computing for power infrastructure health monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":54999,"journal":{"name":"Iet Science Measurement & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smt2.12179","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139527409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep learning method for predicting electromagnetic emission spectrum of aerospace equipment","authors":"Yuting Zhang","doi":"10.1049/smt2.12178","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smt2.12178","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper proposes a deep learning method to predict the electromagnetic emission spectrum in the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) test of aerospace products. A threshold-based data decomposition method is used to propose the spike signal, reconstruct the original test data, and solve the contradiction between the overfitting and prediction accuracy of the deep learning method to deal with the EMC test spectrum. Using a long short-term memory neural network architecture for predicting electromagnetic emission spectrum, the Bayesian optimization method is used to optimize the network hyperparameter, and the acquisition function is introduced into the loss function to improve the comprehensive training optimization of deep learning network. Apply the method to three numerical examples: signal line current conduction emission, power line voltage conduction emission, and electric field radiation emission. The analysis results indicate that at a 95% confidence level, the predicted electromagnetic emission spectrum is basically consistent with the test results. The prediction results can be used as the basis for EMC evaluation of aerospace electronic equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54999,"journal":{"name":"Iet Science Measurement & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smt2.12178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139617368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application status and development trend of intelligent sensor technology in the electric power industry","authors":"Peng Li, Youping Fan, Zhong Liu, Bing Tian, Zhiming Wang, Dongjie Li, Zixi Han, Zhaoyi Zhang, Feng Xiong","doi":"10.1049/smt2.12175","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smt2.12175","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the rapid development of digital technologies such as intelligent control and information communication, digitization has gradually become an inevitable trend to promote technology innovation and industrial upgrading for the power grid. As the basis of digital technology, digital sensing technology will gradually penetrate all aspects of the power system for comprehensive perception and high operational reliability. First, this article introduces the application status and technical requirements of power intelligent sensor technology in various aspects of the power system, including the generation, transmission, transformation, distribution, and consumption of electricity. Next, domestic and foreign scholars' latest research achievements in power sensing technology are described from three major aspects, that is, optical fiber sensing technology, MEMS sensing technology, and sensor self-powered technology. Finally, future challenges for the electric power intelligent sensors are discussed and an outlook of future widespread application in the clean, safe, and efficient digital power grid is provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":54999,"journal":{"name":"Iet Science Measurement & Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smt2.12175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139618452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}