International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Experimental study of deformation induced by high-pressure methane adsorption and desorption: Insights into anisotropy and hysteresis characteristics","authors":"Songwei Wu ,&nbsp;Liang Wang ,&nbsp;Chao Liu ,&nbsp;Sheng Su ,&nbsp;Zhuang Lu ,&nbsp;Xinxin He ,&nbsp;Quanlin Yang ,&nbsp;Liwen Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adsorption deformation of the coal matrix significantly influences gas migration and enhances recovery in coal reservoirs. In deep coal seams, abnormally high fluid pressures complicate the accurate quantification of absolute adsorption using traditional models, affecting the assessment of adsorption deformation. To address this, this study conducted synchronous adsorption/desorption and strain testing on coals of varying metamorphic degrees under gas pressures up to 15 MPa. The results indicate that the simplified local density model effectively corrects the absolute adsorption amount. Compared to the smaller experimental errors in particle coal, cubic coal shows synchronized adsorption and strain changes, and the lower mean square error from the thermodynamic strain model fitting confirms its suitability for modeling adsorption deformation. As coal's metamorphic degree increased, the deformation modulus increased, indicating enhanced resistance to deformation. Replacing fugacity with pressure may also overestimate the deformation modulus. Further analysis of strain anisotropy and hysteresis during adsorption/desorption showed that anisotropy primarily arises from the macroscopic bedding structure and heterogeneous composition of coal. Anisotropy indices mainly range from 0.1 to 0.5 and gradually decrease as pressure rises during adsorption. Moreover, both adsorption hysteresis <em>h</em>_<em>a</em> and strain hysteresis <em>h</em>_<em>s</em> decrease with increasing pressure, while the overall hysteresis indices of adsorption and strain vary significantly due to irreversible deformation. For practical applications in coalbed methane extraction, incorporating strain anisotropy and hysteresis into constitutive and permeability equations is essential for optimizing multifield coupling models, thereby facilitating the efficient development of deep coalbed methane resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106035"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strength changes associated with water transport in unsaturated tuff during drying","authors":"Yota Togashi ,&nbsp;Haruhiko Kotabe ,&nbsp;Masahiko Osada ,&nbsp;Shingo Asamoto ,&nbsp;Ken Hatakeyama","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.105984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.105984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of water content on the strength of sedimentary rocks is a critical area of research, particularly in the contexts of disaster prevention and the construction of underground structures. Despite numerous factors being identified as contributors to the strength variations in sedimentary rocks caused by water content, a comprehensive understanding remains elusive. Moreover, only a limited number of cases have been discussed on strength changes in these rocks during water transport processes. In this study, one-dimensional water transport experiments were conducted during the drying process on Neogene tuff samples from Japan. The experiments focused on the unsaturated permeation of the porous media and analyzed the variations in advection and diffusion terms relative to saturation changes at multiple points. During the drying process, water transfer occurred primarily through diffusion, although advection was significant in the early stages to equilibrate the hydraulic head at the center of the specimen. Furthermore, the same tuff samples, with adjusted water content during the drying process, were tested using Brazilian and uniaxial compression methods to examine the variations in strength properties owing to the variations in water content. By comparing these results with the water transport data, we observed that significant alterations in strength occurred after the convergence of the advection term. It was shown for the first time that the decrease in strength of tuff occurs only during the water diffusion phase. These results are expected to be applied to more accurate evaluation of rock mass stability and advanced numerical analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 105984"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A shear strength criterion of rock joints under dynamic normal load","authors":"Qiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiuxin Gu ,&nbsp;Shuchen Li ,&nbsp;Hongying Wang ,&nbsp;Guilei Han","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.106002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.106002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shear strength of rock joints under dynamic normal load (DNL) conditions is quite different from that under constant normal loading (CNL) conditions. However, existing studies seldom involve the shear strength prediction of rock joints under DNL conditions. Therefore, a series of shear tests for rock joints under DNL conditions were carried out. The evolutions of the shear strength parameters, including both cohesion and internal friction angle, with dynamic loading amplitude and frequency were investigated according to the experimental results. A shear strength criterion for rock joints under DNL conditions was developed. The proposed model was verified by comparing the theoretically predicted values with experimental results, both of which showed excellent agreement. Additionally, the strength criterion is utilized to predict the peak shear strength under CNL and new DNL conditions. These prediction results were further validated by experimental methods, which extend the applicability of the proposed strength criterion. This study can provide valuable references for the stability evaluation of rock formation engineering and geological hazard warning under dynamic load disturbance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106002"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic framework of non-local continuum damage–plasticity model","authors":"Yijun Chen ,&nbsp;Mostafa E. Mobasher ,&nbsp;Dongjian Zheng ,&nbsp;Haim Waisman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.106007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.106007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a novel non-local continuum damage–plasticity model for predicting numerically the progressive failure behavior of cohesive-frictional materials within the framework of irreversible thermodynamics. The damage driving force is a function of the tensile part of elastic strain energy and a portion of the plastic stored energy, in which the introduction of coefficient <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> provides the opportunity to quantify how the plastic deformation propels the damage growth. The non-local integral-type damage formulation is adopted to quantitatively describe the degradation of Young’s modulus and cohesive strength. The thermodynamically consistent model arrives at a damage–plasticity relationship that simultaneously provides an interplay description between regularized damage evolution and plastic deformation. A Newton–Raphson method is utilized to solve the nonlinear system of equations, in which an analytical non-local damage–plasticity consistent tangent operator is derived with an implicit return mapping algorithm. A detailed material parameter calibration procedure is performed based on standard laboratory tests considering uniaxial-, biaxial- and conventional triaxial-compressive experiments. Furthermore, simulations of proportional low-cyclic tension and compression loads, and triaxial compressive loads for hexahedron plain concrete specimens, a compacted clay specimen under tension loading, and a slope shear-failure problem are conducted to validate the applicability of the proposed model. Numerical simulations highlight the predictive ability of the model in describing the complex behaviors, including material hardening and softening, frictional shear fracture propagation, significant plastic deformation, brittle–ductile failure transition, confining pressure sensitivity, and material properties degradation. The proposed non-local model effectively addresses mesh sensitivity and non-physical spurious oscillations for all field variables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106007"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure and post-failure kinematic disaster processes of columnar rock masses based on 3D discontinuous deformation analysis","authors":"Ke Ma ,&nbsp;Shengze Zhao ,&nbsp;Guoyang Liu ,&nbsp;Jianbin Miao ,&nbsp;Jiashuo Kang ,&nbsp;Linlin Wang ,&nbsp;Qun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.106003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.106003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Columnar dangerous rock masses are considered important hazardous rock formations because of their ubiquity, abrupt failure, and high collapse frequency. The kinematic processes following their failure directly trigger geological disasters. This study investigates the failure and post-failure kinematic disaster processes of columnar rock masses using three-dimensional discontinuous deformation analysis (3D DDA). A comprehensive experimental system was established, and three sets of columnar laboratory models were employed to validate the 3D DDA simulations. Focusing on the Wangxia columnar rock mass, the failure and movement modes of single and multiple blocks were analyzed, considering the cutting of the structural planes within the rock column. Results demonstrated the high accuracy of 3D DDA in analyzing the kinematic disaster processes associated with the failure of columnar rock masses. With increasing number of cutting-surface combinations, the failure and movement modes of the blocks diversified and the durations of their oblique projectile motions after each collision with the slope decreased. Kinetic energy transfer between colliding blocks altered their initial trajectories and increased their movement durations compared with the observations for the single block. As the overall failure length of the columnar rock mass increased, the failure and movement modes of the blocks as well as the associated energy conversions changed, providing insights into the ensuing disaster mechanisms. Further, this study evaluated the impact of rock mass failure on highway traffic and predicted the disaster scope, providing a theoretical foundation for the development of disaster prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106003"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and thermal characteristics of linear discontinuities on a high-steep slope using UAV with thermal infrared imager","authors":"Wen Zhang ,&nbsp;Han Yin ,&nbsp;Jianping Chen ,&nbsp;Changwei Lu ,&nbsp;Tengyue Li ,&nbsp;Bo Han ,&nbsp;Zihan Zhao ,&nbsp;Jia Wang ,&nbsp;Junqi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discontinuity system exerts significant control over slope deformation and failure. Nevertheless, the automatic identification of these discontinuities remains a challenging task, particularly concerning linear discontinuities. Current methodologies are insufficient in detecting linear discontinuities, let alone conducting an analysis of their internal parameters. Consequently, this leads to imprecise guidance for rock mass engineering endeavors. This paper proposes a method for identifying linear discontinuities and researching their thermal characteristics, leveraging thermal infrared technology in conjunction with unmanned aerial vehicles. A comprehensive 24-h thermal infrared survey was conducted on the rock mass situated at the dam site of the Xulong Power Station in Yunnan Province, China, and the thermal radiation law of rock mass at the dam site was preliminarily summarized. The feasibility of identifying the linear discontinuities through the thermal radiation characteristics has been demonstrated. Furthermore, the correlation between discontinuity parameters and their thermal characteristics is established. The results indicated that the thermal characteristics of linear discontinuities (faults and joints) are closely related to their physical and geometric parameters. These findings enable the study of rock mass weathering and inference of the internal characteristics of discontinuities, thereby facilitating the analysis of slope deformation and failure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106025"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing fracture conductivity in carbonate formations through mineral alteration","authors":"Xiang Chen ,&nbsp;Haitai Hu ,&nbsp;Pingli Liu ,&nbsp;Juan Du ,&nbsp;Maoxing Wang ,&nbsp;Hongming Tang ,&nbsp;Zhaoxu Deng ,&nbsp;Guan Wang ,&nbsp;Fei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In geothermal, oil, and gas reservoirs, the conductivity of hydraulic or acid-etched fracture determines efficient and economical resource exploitation. Proppant embedding or acid-rock reaction weakening rock leads to a sharp decline in fracture conductivity. Mineral alteration is a technique of in-situ transformation of existing minerals into harder minerals to improve rock strength, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) has been shown to be an effective mineral alteration agent for high-porosity and high-permeability carbonate rocks at low temperatures. This work studied the effect of 10 wt% HCl and 0.8 M DAP solution on the hardness of rock samples (0.36%–1.31 % porosity and 2.72–17 × 10⁻⁶ μm² permeability) at 25, 80, 140 and 200 °C. The experimental results proved the weakening effect of acid and the strengthening effect of DAP on rock. The mechanism of hardening caused by DAP treatment and the positive effects of high temperature were revealed. As the temperature increased, the chemical reaction between DAP and rock accelerated, resulting in an increase in the amount of reaction products (calcium phosphate) and higher crystallinity, which made the rock harder. Even at ultra-high temperatures (200 °C), DAP treatment remained remarkably effective for very dense rock samples. In addition, the relationship between rock hardness and rock embedding strength was established. The fracture conductivities under different rock hardness were calculated by Nierode-Kruk correlation and numerical method. The results indicated that it was feasible to improve the fracture conductivity through DAP treatment at high temperatures. This study provides a theoretical basis for creating high-conductivity fractures through mineral alteration in deep carbonate reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106027"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Forchheimer equation coefficients for nonlinear flow through rough-walled fractures during shearing","authors":"Xu Zhu ,&nbsp;Guangyao Si ,&nbsp;Chengguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingchun Li ,&nbsp;Joung Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.105992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.105992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of complex geometric morphology of single rough-walled rock fractures and the occurrence of nonlinear flow complicate the fracture flow process. Even though the nonlinear flow behaviour in single rock fractures has been studied for decades, existing models are still limited in adequately evaluating nonlinear flow behaviour during shearing. In this study, a series of coupled shear-flow tests are conducted on single rock fractures with different surface characteristics under constant normal loads. Regression analyses of the experimental data demonstrate that the Forchheimer equation provides a robust description of nonlinear flow through rough fractures, and its nonlinear coefficients can be determined by quantifying the fracture geometries. The surface and interior geometric characteristics of the fracture are quantitatively represented. The evolutions of these geometric parameters, specifically the peak asperity height and hydraulic aperture, induced by shearing and their effects on nonlinear flow behaviours in rock fractures are also considered and incorporated. An empirical equation is then proposed for the parametric expression of the Forchheimer nonlinear coefficient, which is further used for the prediction of the flow rate during the shear-flow process and the representation of the critical Reynolds number with the fracture geometric characteristics. The proposed equations are validated against experimental results and proven to be effective in predicting and characterising the nonlinear flow behaviour in rock fractures during shearing. The experimental results and the proposed models are expected to advance the understanding and numerical modelling of the nonlinear flow behaviours in fractured rock masses for more practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 105992"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water-rock interaction-induced degradation of Jinping marble in in-situ environments: A multi-scale analysis of mechanical behavior","authors":"Chendi Lou ,&nbsp;Ru Zhang ,&nbsp;Zetian Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Ren ,&nbsp;Jing Xie ,&nbsp;Kun Xiao ,&nbsp;Mingchuan Li ,&nbsp;Jifang Zhou ,&nbsp;Anlin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.106011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2024.106011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In deep engineering practices, surrounding rocks are often subjected to long-term interactions between high pore pressure and high geostress environments, necessitating a thorough understanding of water-rock coupling effect under in-situ conditions. This study investigates these interactions by replicating the deep, high-pressure environment of China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) through a specially designed high-pressure water-rock coupling apparatus. The research focuses on Jinping marble, conducting in-situ stress saturation treatments under varying solvent pH conditions (7, 8, and 9) and exposure durations (1 d, 23 d, 60 d, and 100 d) at a simulated depth of 2400 m. Extensive macroscopic and microscopic mechanical tests on the treated samples reveal significant time-dependent degradation in key mechanical parameters, including fracture toughness, hardness, and deformation modulus, with the initial decline being more rapid. The fracture surfaces of rock samples treated with pressurized saturation predominantly exhibit transgranular fractures, with intergranular fractures as secondary features. The observed water-rock coupling effects arise from both physical and chemical mechanisms. Notably, within the pH range of 7–9, rock samples treated with a neutral solvent show a more pronounced deterioration trend compared to those treated with an alkaline solvent. Complementary in-situ water analysis from Jinping Mountain further indicates that high confining pressure substantially restricts water infiltration in deep environments. These insights advance the theoretical foundation for safe and effective deep engineering practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106011"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meso-mechanical mechanism of ordered mica alignment on the progressive failure process of granite under different lateral stress directions","authors":"Chen Fan ,&nbsp;Xia-Ting Feng ,&nbsp;Jun Zhao ,&nbsp;Cheng-Xiang Yang ,&nbsp;Meng-Fei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2025.106037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately understanding the mechanical properties of surrounding rock is crucial for minimizing the risk of surrounding rock instability. In a deep TBM tunnel, mica minerals in the surrounding rock exhibit an intermittently oriented alignment, which is considered one potential cause of time-delayed failures. Under the same true triaxial stress, creep tests were conducted on granite with different strike angles <em>ω</em> when dip angle <em>β</em> = 50°, to investigate the impact of ordered mica alignment under different lateral stress directions (<em>σ</em>₂ ≠ <em>σ</em>₃). Results show that the strike angle <em>ω</em> also have a significant impact on the progressive failure process of granite under true triaxial stress. In the multi-stage creep tests, the final failure strength of granite at <em>ω</em> = 0° was approximately 73 % higher than that at <em>ω</em> = 90°. Brazilian splitting tests also confirm the crack development at mica tips under different mica orientations, with the maximum difference in tensile strength reaching 37 %. The essence of the impact of mica orientation on rock failure process lies in the promotion of crack initiation and coalescence under high stress. Under a moderate dip angle <em>β</em>, relative sliding between mica cleavage planes is easier when <em>ω</em> = 60° or 90°, leading to crack initiation at mica tips and significantly compromising the load-bearing structure of granite. Based on fracture mechanics, this paper also provides theoretical explanations for the differences in mesoscopic fracturing process of granite with different mica orientations. In surrounding rock stability analyses, it is crucial to consider the complex combinations of rock microstructure and local stress state in the field, which would cause significant variations in surrounding rock stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54941,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106037"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}