Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Backward scrunching: planarians escape from noxious stimuli, cannibalism, and predation.","authors":"Liesel Blau, Hannah Poon, Nayana S Tellakula, Katherine C Hallmark, Erin Szuromi, Evangeline Coffinas, William B Kristan, Eva-Maria S Collins","doi":"10.1007/s00359-026-01836-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-026-01836-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animals have evolved escape behaviors to survive. Freshwater planarians have many predators, including conspecifics in cannibalistic species such as Dugesia japonica. When agitated, planarians escape via a locomotory behavior called \"scrunching\", whereby the planarian periodically elongates and contracts its whole body. Current understanding is that planarians move forward when they scrunch. However, when transversely cutting D. japonica, we observed that while head pieces scrunched forward, tail pieces scrunched backward instead. Previous work has shown that forward scrunching is a conserved planarian escape behavior in response to transection and adverse stimuli such as low pH, noxious heat, hydrogen peroxide, and allyl isothiocyanate. Testing these stimuli, we found that backward scrunching is more difficult to induce than forward scrunching in both intact planarians and pieces. Using electrostimulation, we show that behavior progresses with increasing voltage from turning to backward scrunching to flailing when stimulated anteriorly, demonstrating that backward scrunching is a response to moderately strong stimuli. Moreover, we show that tail pieces - originating from transection or asexual reproduction (fission) - exhibit backward scrunching when attacked by intact planarians. Backward scrunching and backward steps of tail pieces were also observed when worms were bitten into pieces by dragonfly or damselfly nymphs, natural predators of planarians. The survival of tail pieces after fission is necessary for the expansion of asexual planarian populations. Thus, we propose that backward scrunching serves as an effective escape behavior to protect planarian tails from being eaten.</p>","PeriodicalId":54862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoperiodic control of the albumen gland by neurosecretory canopy cells in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis.","authors":"Sonoko Fukumoto, Sakiko Shiga, Yoshitaka Hamanaka","doi":"10.1007/s00359-026-01833-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00359-026-01833-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis displays clear photoperiodism; it lays more eggs in long-day conditions than in short to medium-day conditions. The lateral lobes (LLs) are paired small budding structures of the cerebral ganglia and regulate egg laying as a coordinating center between reproduction and body growth, and LL ablation causes gigantism and attenuates egg laying. Our previous study demonstrated that the canopy cell (CC) in LL photoperiodically changes the excitability; it excites more in long-day conditions than in medium-day conditions. Here, we examined the function of CC in egg laying by the microsurgery. As a result, in long-day conditions, snails without CCs exhibited smaller albumen gland somatic index (ASI, proportion of the albumen gland/soft body) and smaller total number of egg masses laid than intact snails. In contrast, in medium-day conditions, there were no significant differences in ASI among intact, sham and CC ablation groups. Since the albumen gland produces galactogen-rich perivitelline fluid and supplies eggs with it, the CCs seem to promote egg mass production via acceleration of the perivitelline fluid production in long-day conditions. It is noteworthy that CC ablation had no effects on gonadal somatic index (GSI, proportion of the ovotestis/soft body). Besides, CC ablation caused slight increase in shell size and body weight. These imply that CCs are at least partially responsible for gigantism and decrement of egg laying caused by LL ablation, and we revealed another regulator in photoperiod-dependent egg laying in L. stagnalis. Our findings contribute to understanding neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying molluscan photoperiodism.</p>","PeriodicalId":54862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioamine disruption leads to memory deficits in the whip spider, Phrynus marginemaculatus.","authors":"Sidney T Ley, Gabriella H Wolff, Patrick Casto, Nicholas A Brown, Nicholas R Gookin, Daniel D Wiegmann, Verner P Bingman","doi":"10.1007/s00359-026-01832-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-026-01832-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amblypygi (whip spiders) are an order of arthropods (Subphylum: Chelicerata, Class: Arachnida) that navigate primarily by their keen olfactory abilities. Experiments in the laboratory reveal that the species Phrynus marginemaculatus forms both short and long-term memories for odors associated with access to a shelter. While bioamine function and location in the whip spider nervous system remain completely unexplored, comparative anatomy indicates that their olfactory memory may involve serotonin and dopamine signaling in brain regions involved in processing olfactory input. Preliminary immunohistochemistry detected serotonin and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in mushroom body-associated calycal regions and antenniform primary olfactory glomeruli, supporting future work on monoaminergic modulation of olfactory circuits. Therefore, if serotonin or dopamine signaling involved in olfactory processing is pharmacologically disrupted, their performance in an associative olfactory learning task should be significantly impaired. Subjects were trained on an olfactory memory paradigm, subsequently injected with physiological saline, the serotonin receptor antagonist methiothepin mesylate (MET), or the dopamine receptor antagonist SCH-23390 (SCH), and tested for memory retention 24 h afterwards. Controls injected with saline demonstrated robust associative memory (serotonin antagonism control: n = 10, p = 0.006 against chance performance on the task, dopamine antagonism control: n = 10, p = 0.039), while treated groups displayed no such memory (MET: n = 10, p = 0.375, SCH: n = 10, p = 0.892). There was also a significant difference in performance between the treated and control groups on test day (serotonin antagonism groups: p = 0.048, dopamine antagonism groups: p = 0.016). Additionally, there were no significant differences in locomotor activity between treatment and control groups on test day (p > 0.05). Together, these results are consistent with serotonergic and dopaminergic signaling contributing to olfactory memory consolidation without grossly impairing locomotion in Phrynus marginemaculatus.</p>","PeriodicalId":54862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Nightly changes in neural activity and auditory processing of song control neurons depend on melatonin.","authors":"Susanne Seltmann, Lisa Trost, Andries Ter Maat, Manfred Gahr","doi":"10.1007/s00359-026-01828-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00359-026-01828-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148521602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does fly larval cooperative behavior protect against parasitic wasps?","authors":"Kayli I Morris, Barry Condron","doi":"10.1007/s00359-026-01799-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00359-026-01799-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"593-601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147576715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attachment ability and mating behaviour of the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae).","authors":"Manuela Rebora, Giulia Petroni, Valerio Saitta, Silvana Piersanti, Gianandrea Salerno, Stanislav Gorb","doi":"10.1007/s00359-026-01815-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00359-026-01815-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), also known as black soldier fly (BSF), offers an important sustainable approach to waste management and resource recovery, since its larvae can reduce organic waste volumes, transform them into biomass, and generate protein-rich feed, biodiesel precursors, and organic fertilizers. Despite the abundance of information on its larval stage, the reproductive biology of the adult is still poorly understood. The present study, through behavioural tests, cryo-scanning electron microscopy analysis and centrifugal force tester experiments, deepens the knowledge on the mechanical interaction between male tarsi and the body of conspecifics during mating and competition, describes the sexual dimorphism in BSF tarsal attachment devices and provides information on the attachment ability of both sexes to artificial surfaces with different features in terms of roughness and wettability. Further studies comparing adult behaviour in rearing conditions and in the wild are necessary to optimise BSF mass-rearing facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":54862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"633-650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147965730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tail-rattling in rodents: more than a threat display.","authors":"Raffaele d'Isa, Piotr Bebas, Michael H Parsons, Korneliusz Kurek, Rafal Stryjek","doi":"10.1007/s00359-026-01808-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00359-026-01808-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most peculiar behaviors of rodents is tail-rattling, a rapid vibration of the tail which can produce a rattling sound when performed against a hard surface. Tail-rattling is widespread across rodents, having been observed in 32 species from 19 genera, including Mus and Rattus. Rodent tail-rattling has been known from the eighteenth century, when it was described as part of the defensive behavior of the crested porcupine. From the 1940s, comparative psychologist John Scott systematically studied tail-rattling in laboratory mice, making it widely popular among laboratory researchers as one of the main components of the mouse agonistic ethogram. Currently, tail-rattling is interpreted almost exclusively as a threat display. However, historically, tail-rattling has been described in a great variety of different contexts, including intraspecies agonism, antipredator behavior, male-to-female courtship, female proceptive behavior, caressing by a human caregiver, social isolation, home-cage change, footshock-induced fear and decisional conflict. This wide range of contexts indicates that tail-rattling is not just a sign of aggressiveness, but can be associated with a set of emotions comprising anger, fear, distress, uncertainty, sexual arousal and physical pleasure. Notably, tail-rattling is expressed by rodents in emotional contexts of both negative and positive affective value. In the present article, firstly we provide a historical overview of rodent tail-rattling observations, starting from porcupines and ending with mice, covering a period from the 1770s to 2026. We then discuss what emotional state tail-rattling may express. Subsequently, we evaluate the possible functions of rodent tail-rattling. Additionally, we present our explanatory model of tail-rattling, the discharge model. Finally, we propose future directions for rodent tail-rattling research, including the employment of tail-rattling as a marker of animal welfare in laboratory and zoo rodents.</p>","PeriodicalId":54862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"661-710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148207099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoreceptor physiology of two species of crab spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae).","authors":"Frederik Leck Fischer, Nikolaj Scharff, Anders Garm","doi":"10.1007/s00359-026-01802-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00359-026-01802-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"579-591"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147516866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growing up together or apart: rearing experience effects on opposite-sex sibling discrimination in Chilean brush tailed mouse (Octodon degus).","authors":"Natalia I Márquez, Camila P Villavicencio, Jaime Martínez-Harms, Jorge Mpodozis, Rodrigo A Vásquez","doi":"10.1007/s00359-026-01806-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00359-026-01806-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kin recognition refers to the discrimination and subsequent behavioral bias toward relatives and represents an important modulator of social interactions. Among relatives, reduced exploration, less aggressiveness, and lower inbreeding is typically expected. Two main mechanisms influence kin discrimination: prior association (based on familiarity) and phenotype matching (based on genetic relatedness). Here, we investigated kin discrimination between opposite-sex siblings in degus (Octodon degus), a highly social rodent endemic to central Chile. While in this species discrimination among same-sex siblings has been shown to be mainly influenced by rearing experience, it remains unknown whether degus can discriminate their opposite-sex siblings at all, and if so, what mechanisms are at play. We used a cross-fostering protocol to experimentally separate the effects of familiarity and genetic relatedness, producing four groups that combined siblings and non-siblings reared together or apart. Behavior was assessed in two experimental setups: (i) a y-maze to test olfactory preferences and (ii) a dyadic encounter arena to evaluate social interactions. In the y-maze, each experimental subject was simultaneously exposed to one sibling and one non-sibling (stimuli pair, SP), both of the opposite sex. Exploration increased significantly when the subject had no rearing experience with either SP member. Females explored the y-maze more than males. Dyadic encounter experiments showed that rearing experience influenced exploratory and agonistic interactions but not sexual behaviors. Social contact, on the other hand, was more frequent among siblings. Taken together, our results indicate that rearing experience plays a major role in modulating opposite-sex social behaviors in this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":54862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"603-616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147678818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iridescence, polarisation and directionality of Morpho butterfly displays.","authors":"Juliana Sosa Espinosa, Marco A Giraldo, Doekele G Stavenga, Casper J van der Kooi","doi":"10.1007/s00359-026-01817-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00359-026-01817-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morpho butterflies are widely known for their striking blue colourations, which are produced by multilayered ridges of the wing scales. Several Morpho species have a flashing iridescence, but others have a more diffuse display owing to curved wing scales. The structural colouration is even absent in species with whitish or brown colours, which suggests that there is a considerable intrageneric variation in wing scale anatomy and pigmentation. Here, we investigate four species with superficially similar blue wings: Morpho aega, M. zephyritis, M. godartii and M. helenor. Characterising the spectral and spatial reflection properties, we reveal marked interspecific differences in spectral and angle-dependent wing reflectance. We show that the superposition of scales broadens the angular range of the display, whereas the orientation of the scale ridges determines the directionality and polarisation of the reflected light. We discuss how the polarised iridescent displays of Morpho butterflies are presumably tuned to their natural environmental conditions and to the visual perception of their observers.</p>","PeriodicalId":54862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Physiology A-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"651-660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148165273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}