Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging最新文献

{"title":"Ultra-processed food intake and brain health in middle-aged and older adults","authors":"Jiawei Gu ,&nbsp;Linli Chen ,&nbsp;Yujia Bao ,&nbsp;Xueer Yang ,&nbsp;Xuhua Chen ,&nbsp;Zheshen Han ,&nbsp;Yibin Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaobei Deng ,&nbsp;Yuhua Li ,&nbsp;Jinjun Ran","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The escalating burden of neurodegenerative diseases underscores the urgent need to identify modifiable dietary risks. Given the increasing prevalence of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in modern diets and their links to various chronic diseases, this study investigates their associations with neurodegeneration and alterations in brain structure.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A prospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting and participants</h3><div>58,423 participants aged 40–70 years from the UK Biobank cohort (enrolled from 2006 to 2010) were included to examine the associations between UPF intake and neurodegenerative diseases, with a subsample of 5,462 participants with neuroimaging data used to investigate associations with regional gray matter morphology, including volume, thickness, and surface area.</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>UPF intake was quantified as the weight-based proportion of ultra-processed foods, calculated by dividing the total daily weight (g/day) of UPFs by the total weight of all food consumed, based on the Oxford WebQ dietary questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models, fully adjusted for potential confounders, were employed to assess the associations between UPF intake and neurodegenerative diseases. Polygenic risk scores derived from genome-wide summary statistics to reflect genetic predisposition to neurodegenerative diseases, were used to perform subgroup analyses. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the associations between UPF intake and brain gray matter phenotypes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our results indicated that high UPF intake was associated with increased risks of incident dementia (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.37 [1.08, 1.74]), Parkinson’s disease (1.76 [1.22, 2.53]), and multiple sclerosis (2.38 [1.02, 5.55]), with stronger associations observed in participants with lower polygenic risk score. Moreover, high UPF intake corresponded to extensive gray matter compromise, including reduced subcortical volumes with right-hemispheric predominance, and widespread cortical deterioration in volume, thickness, and surface area.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings advance epidemiological evidence on the relationship between UPF intake and neurodegenerative outcomes, suggesting that dietary assessment may serve as a relevant consideration in population-level approaches to brain health promotion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 10","pages":"Article 100644"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and clinical significance of loneliness in older patients admitted to acute hospital wards","authors":"Gloria Brombo ,&nbsp;Paola Guindani ,&nbsp;Dario Pedrini ,&nbsp;Giovanni Lorenzo Squintani ,&nbsp;Barbara Carrieri ,&nbsp;Massimiliano Fedecostante ,&nbsp;Giuseppina Dell’Aquila ,&nbsp;Flaminia Lucchini ,&nbsp;Andrea Ungar ,&nbsp;Enrico Mossello ,&nbsp;Antonio Cherubini ,&nbsp;Giovanni Zuliani","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Loneliness represents a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of loneliness among hospitalized older patients, and its association with baseline characteristics and clinical post-discharge outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Multicenter observational study, including a cross-sectional and a longitudinal phase.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Acute medical hospital wards of three Italian hospitals.</div></div><div><h3>Partecipants</h3><div>Three hundred patients ≥65 years old.</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>A questionnaire was administered to participants, including socio-demographic data, and information on loneliness (assessed with 3-item UCLA scale and 6-item De Jong Gierveld and Van Tilburg Loneliness scale-DJGT), cognitive, emotional and functional level. Rehospitalizations and mortality were evaluated 1 and 6 months after discharge.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A high prevalence of loneliness emerged with both scales (63% with UCLA, 60% with DJGT). At multiple linear regression analyses, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was independently associated with UCLA (B coeff. 0.46, p &lt; 0.001) and DJGT (B coeff. 0.51, p &lt; 0.001) scales, and Basic Activities of Daily Living with UCLA scale (B coeff. −0.21, p = 0.02). In longitudinal analysis, global loneliness scores were not associated with mortality and rehospitalization risk, while the item n.6 of DJGT scale (“<em>There are enough people I feel close to</em>”) was independently associated with higher mortality risk within 1 and 6 months from discharge (OR 4.6, 95%C.I. 1.64–12.92; OR 4.38, 95%C.I. 1.83–10.48, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Loneliness was reported by more than half of older adults hospitalized in acute medical wards, and was associated with depressive symptoms and disability. The perception of scarce social ties was associated with higher mortality risk. Awareness of the \"loneliness\" phenomenon should be increased also in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 10","pages":"Article 100642"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not all heroes wear capes: The role of movement behaviors in mitigating mortality in cancer survivors and cognitive decline in older adults","authors":"Bruno Remigio Cavalcante ,&nbsp;Mariana Ferreira de Souza ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100646","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 8","pages":"Article 100646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of household air pollution from solid fuel use on rapid decline in kidney function and chronic kidney disease: A nationwide longitudinal cohort study","authors":"Wei-Zhen Tang ,&nbsp;Wei-Ze Xu ,&nbsp;Tai-Hang Liu ,&nbsp;Qin-Yu Cai ,&nbsp;Fei-Han ,&nbsp;Ya-Ting Jia ,&nbsp;Bo-Yuan Deng ,&nbsp;Zhi-Yong Xiang ,&nbsp;Yi Deng ,&nbsp;Peng Guo ,&nbsp;Jun Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The study investigates the link between indoor air pollution from non-clean fuels and kidney function decline, particularly in middle-aged and elderly individuals in China.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This prospective cohort study included 4,207 participants, with kidney function assessed through eGFR (using serum creatinine and cystatin C). Logistic regression models were used to examine the link between household solid fuel use and the risk of rapid kidney decline and CKD. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted using eGFR estimates based on creatinine or cystatin C alone.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Trend regression revealed that more frequent solid fuel use was associated with higher risks of both rapid kidney decline and CKD. Using solid fuels only for cooking was associated with a higher risk of CKD (OR 1.70; 95% CI: 1.07–2.70). Participants who switched from solid to clean fuels for cooking showed no significant changes in kidney function. Subgroup analysis revealed that women, individuals with lower education, non-smokers, non-drinkers, and those married or cohabiting had higher risks of rapid kidney decline and CKD with solid fuel use for heating. Similarly, those with lower education, non-smokers, and married/cohabiting individuals also had increased CKD risk with solid fuel use for cooking. Patients with gastrointestinal diseases had a significantly higher risk of rapid kidney function decline when using solid fuels for heating. Hypertensive patients had elevated risks of both rapid kidney decline and CKD with solid fuel use. Residents of concrete or steel multi-story buildings using solid fuels had the highest risks of rapid kidney decline and CKD. Those living in homes smaller than 120 square meters with solid fuel use also faced increased risks of kidney function decline.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results show a strong link between household air pollution and increased risk of kidney disesases. Improving household heating and cooking conditions could help prevent kidney damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 10","pages":"Article 100641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequent Ramen consumption and increased mortality risk in specific subgroups: A Yamagata cohort study","authors":"Miho Suzuki ,&nbsp;Natsuko Suzuki ,&nbsp;Ri Sho ,&nbsp;Masayoshi Souri ,&nbsp;Tsuneo Konta","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The frequent intake of ramen noodles may increase the risk of mortality from cardiovascular diseases and cancer. This study examined the association between ramen noodle intake frequency and mortality in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 6,725 participants aged ≥40 years from a questionnaire survey of the Yamagata cohort study. The average frequency of noodle intake was classified into four groups (&lt;1/month, 1–3 times/month, 1–2 times/week, and ≥3 times/week). Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to clarify the association between intake frequency and mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of ramen intake frequency was 18.9%, 46.7%, 27.0%, and 7.4% for &lt;1/month, 1–3 times/month, 1–2 times/week, and ≥3 times/week, respectively. Participants with frequent ramen intake had higher body mass index values and a higher proportion of younger participants, men, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, and hypertension. In multivariate Cox proportional analysis adjusted for various background factors, the “≥3 times/week” group showed a non-significantly increased risk for mortality (hazard ratio; 1.52, 95% confidence interval; 0.84–2.75), compared to the “1–2 times/week” group. In the subgroup analysis, the “≥3 times/week” group showed an increased risk of mortality in men, aged &lt;70 years and those who consumed ≥50% of the noodle soup and alcohol.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study showed that Japanese community residents frequently consume ramen noodles and high intake is associated with various comorbidities. Frequent intake of ramen noodles might be associated with mortality risk in men, aged &lt;70 years and those who consumed ≥50% of the noodle soup and alcohol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 10","pages":"Article 100643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of nutritional education intervention on frailty status in lung cancer patients: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Ziyuan Li ,&nbsp;Jun Wu ,&nbsp;Zhunzhun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of nutrition education interventions in improving frailty status and dietary quality indicated by the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) in frail patients with lung cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A 12-week randomized controlled study on nutrition education in frail patients with lung cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>This study enrolled 56 frail patients with lung cancer (aged ≥60 years) from the Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University (September 2024-January 2025).</div></div><div><h3>Intervention</h3><div>Participants were randomly allocated to either the intervention group (n = 28), receiving personalized weekly nutrition education supported by structured dietary interventions that included dietary manuals and site instruction, or the control group (n = 28), which received standard care without additional dietary components.</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>The primary outcomes of this study included frailty scores and prevalence, assessed according to the Fried phenotype criteria, as well as the CHEI score. The Fried phenotype criteria was defined by five components: weight loss, exhaustion, weakness, slowness, and low physical activity. The total score ranges from 0 to 5, with a score of ≥3 indicating frailty. The CHEI score was calculated based on the intake of food categories relative to their standard proportions (SP).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 56 participants, 71.4% were male, with a mean age of 70.6 (SD 4.9). Linear mixed-effects modeling demonstrated that the nutritional intervention group showed significantly lower frailty scores (Effect size = ?'0.642, 95%CI (?'1.017, ?'0.268), <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and higher CHEI scores (Effect size = 5.932, 95%CI (1.648, 10.216), <em>P</em> = 0.007), with these effects being independent of temporal variation (time effect: <em>P</em> = 0.347, <em>P =</em> 0.740) and revealed a significant group ?- time interaction for low physical activity scores (Effect size = ?'0.250, 95%CI (?'0.465, ?'0.035), <em>P</em> = 0.023).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In frail lung cancer patients, dietary quality-focused nutrition education improved frailty, nutritional status, and quality of life, offering a safe and promising non-pharmacological strategy for frailty management in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 10","pages":"Article 100645"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creatinine and cystatin C-based indices for predicting sarcopenia, frailty and disability in older community-dwelling adults","authors":"Anying Bai ,&nbsp;Juan Xu ,&nbsp;Weihao Xu ,&nbsp;Jian Cao ,&nbsp;Bei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio (CCR) and sarcopenia index (SI) are emerging diagnostic markers for sarcopenia, but their values among community-dwelling older adults remain uncertain. This study evaluates the utility of SI and CCR in diagnosing sarcopenia and predicting incident frailty and disability in activities of daily living (ADL) within a substantial cohort of older Chinese adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective cohort study using data from the baseline survey (2011–2012) and the third wave (2014–2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). After applying eligibility criteria, 2,574 and 2,357 participants aged ≥60 years were included for analyses of frailty and ADL disability, respectively. Serum creatinine and cystatin C levels were measured to calculate CCR and SI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine cutoff values and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these markers for sarcopenia. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to examine the associations of SI, CCR, and sarcopenia with incident frailty and ADL disability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both CCR and SI exhibited significant correlations with age, muscle mass indicators, and handgrip strength. The area under the curve (AUC) for CCR was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.57−0.64) for men and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.56−0.62) for women, while for SI, it was 0.60 (95% CI: 0.56−0.64) for men and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.58−0.67) for women. The difference in AUC between CCR and SI was not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05). Participants in the highest quartile of SI or CCR had reduced odds of incident frailty (SI: OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.11−0.52; CCR: OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.11−0.51) and ADL disability (SI: OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.54−0.94; CCR: OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.52−0.91) compared to those in the lowest quartile. Sarcopenia defined by either CCR or SI was independently associated with increased risks of incident frailty (CCR: OR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.20–2.83; SI: OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.12–2.58) and ADL disability after adjusting for confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both CCR and SI demonstrate weak diagnostic accuracy for sarcopenia, but their performance in predicting frailty and ADL disability was moderate and comparable among community-dwelling older adults. These findings support further investigation of CCR and SI as biomarkers to help clinicians identify older individuals at risk of adverse clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 9","pages":"Article 100635"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline and longitudinal changes in peak expiratory flow rate as predictors of sarcopenia in older adults: A 4-year cohort study","authors":"Hui Qian ,&nbsp;Qifeng Chen ,&nbsp;Kangkang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is a cheap and simple tool for assessing airway patency and respiratory muscle strength. So far, the impact of PEFR, particularly its longitudinal changes, on the prevalence and incidence of sarcopenia remains underexplored. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional and longitudinal study to address this gap.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 5,280 older adults were selected as a cohort in 2011, of whom 3,686 were confirmed sarcopenia-free at baseline and followed through 2015. Longitudinal changes in PEFR were measured in 2011 and 2013, with complete paired data available for 2,904 subjects. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Multivariable logistic regression and discrete-time proportional hazards models were used to assess associations between baseline PEFR, 2-year PEFR changes, and sarcopenia risk, adjusting for potential confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A 1-standard deviation (SD) decrease in baseline PEFR was associated with 56% higher odds of prevalent sarcopenia (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.38−1.75), and PEFR (% predicted) &lt;80% with 93% higher odds (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.49–2.50). Over the 4-year follow-up, these reductions were linked to increased risk of incident sarcopenia (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.13−1.40, and HR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.17−1.84, respectively). A decline from PEFR (% predicted) ≥80% to &lt;80% was associated with 120% higher odds (OR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.31−3.71), while improvement from &lt;80% to ≥80% was linked to 30% lower odds (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.50−0.96).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Lower baseline PEFR and its longitudinal decline were associated with increased risk of sarcopenia, while upward changes were linked to lower risk. These findings suggest that PEFR may serve as a practical early marker for identifying older adults at elevated risk of sarcopenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 9","pages":"Article 100640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential associations of dietary inflammatory potential, antioxidant capacity, and Mediterranean diet adherence with biological aging: A UK Biobank study","authors":"Cong Zhang ,&nbsp;Ren-Fang Han ,&nbsp;Song Yin ,&nbsp;Yue-Qing Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100638","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Biological aging, distinct from chronological age, significantly impacts chronic disease risk and is a crucial target for health interventions. While diet is hypothesized to influence aging through inflammatory and oxidative pathways, systematic evidence from large populations remains limited. To address this gap, we used UK Biobank data with complementary dietary indices assessing inflammatory and antioxidant properties, providing comprehensive insights into diet-aging links.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We analyzed data from 46,755 UK Biobank participants in this cross-sectional study. Dietary inflammatory potential, antioxidant capacity, and Mediterranean diet adherence were assessed using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI), and Alternative Mediterranean Diet (aMED) scores, respectively, derived from 24-h food consumption reports. Biological age acceleration was quantified by Klemera-Doubal method biological age (KDM-BA) and phenotypic age (PhenoAge). Multivariate linear and logistic regressions, restricted cubic spline models, and mediation analyses were performed, adjusting for extensive confounders.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Pro-inflammatory diets (higher DII scores) were significantly associated with increased biological age acceleration (KDM-BA: β = 0.39; PhenoAge: β = 0.96, all &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001), whereas antioxidant-rich diets (higher CDAI scores) and Mediterranean diets (higher aMED scores) showed inverse associations (CDAI: β= −0.33 to −0.50; aMED: β = −0.31 to −0.60, all &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001). Logistic regressions confirmed that aMED adherence reduced odds of biological age acceleration (OR: 0.68–0.69, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001). Dose-response analyses revealed nonlinear positive associations between DII and PhenoAge acceleration (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;nonlinear&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; 0.001), nonlinear negative associations for CDAI (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;nonlinear&lt;/sub&gt; ≤ 0.016), and near-linear negative trends for aMED (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;nonlinear&lt;/sub&gt; ≤ 0.035). Mediation analyses indicated that DII and CDAI accounted for 15.7%–50.4% and 15.0%–20.2%, respectively, of the association between aMED and biological age acceleration, highlighting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms in delaying aging.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study provides robust evidence that dietary pro-inflammatory potential, antioxidant capacity, and Mediterranean diet adherence exhibit independent and differential associations with biological aging. Pro-inflammatory diets are associated with accelerated aging, whereas antioxidant-rich and Mediterranean diets are associated with decelerated biological aging. Mediation analyses reveal that the Mediterranean diet’s benefits are partially mediated by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Future research should employ longitudinal designs to establish causation and clarify mechanisms, positioning diet as a key modi","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 9","pages":"Article 100638"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capturing vitality: Toward a multidimensional lens for intrinsic capacity and healthy aging","authors":"Hussein Samhat ,&nbsp;Gustavo Duque","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100636","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 8","pages":"Article 100636"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}