Nuclear Physics B最新文献

{"title":"Effects of torsion coupling on fermions and Bounce dynamics of the universe","authors":"S. Davood Sadatian,&nbsp;S. Mohamad Reza Hosseini","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of torsion coupling with fermions on Bounce dynamics is an intriguing area of research at the intersection of gravity, particle physics, and cosmology. While definitive answers are still elusive, there are promising theoretical indications and ongoing investigations to explore this connection. Theoretically, torsion coupling with fermions could introduce new terms into the equations governing the Bounce, potentially influencing its characteristics (i.e. a singular bouncing cosmology can be attained through the introduction of a fermion field with Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) condensation at high energy scales). In this regard, we discuss the role of fermion fields in cosmology, particularly focusing on the bouncing model as a solution to the singularity problem of the Big Bang. We highlight how the coupling between spin and torsion in the Einstein-Cartan theory of gravity can prevent gravitational singularities, leading to a nonsingular bounce instead of a Big Bang. We emphasize the implications of this model for understanding the early universe and the fundamental interactions that shaped its evolution. This study also references some works that have contributed to the understanding of fermionic interactions and their cosmological significance, suggesting new subject for future research in this area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116888"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the structure of the large-N expansion in SU(N) Yang-Mills theory","authors":"Marco Bochicchio ,&nbsp;Mauro Papinutto ,&nbsp;Francesco Scardino","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, we have computed the short-distance asymptotics of the generating functional of Euclidean correlators of single-trace twist-2 operators in the large-<em>N</em> expansion of SU(<em>N</em>) Yang-Mills (YM) theory to the leading-nonplanar order. Remarkably, it has the structure of the logarithm of a functional determinant, but with the sign opposite to the one that would follow from the spin-statistics theorem for the glueballs. In order to solve this sign puzzle, we have reconsidered the proof in the literature that in the 't Hooft topological expansion of large-<em>N</em> YM theory the leading-nonplanar contribution to the generating functional consists of the sum over punctures of <em>n</em>-punctured tori. We have discovered that for twist-2 operators it contains – in addition to the <em>n</em>-punctured tori – the normalization of tori with <span><math><mn>1</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>≤</mo><mi>n</mi></math></span> pinches and <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>p</mi></math></span> punctures. Once the existence of the new sector is taken into account, the violation of the spin-statistics theorem disappears. Moreover, the new sector contributes trivially to the nonperturbative <em>S</em> matrix because – for example – the <em>n</em>-pinched torus represents nonperturbatively a loop of <em>n</em> glueball propagators with no external leg. This opens the way for an exact solution limited to the new sector that may be solvable thanks to the vanishing <em>S</em> matrix.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1015 ","pages":"Article 116887"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hubble tension: Relativistic dark matter production from long-lived particles","authors":"Alvaro S. de Jesus ,&nbsp;Matheus M.A. Paixão ,&nbsp;Dêivid R. da Silva ,&nbsp;Farinaldo S. Queiroz ,&nbsp;Nelson Pinto-Neto","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tension between direct measurements of the Hubble constant and those stemming from Cosmic Microwave Background probes has triggered a multitude of studies. The connection between cosmology and particle physics has shown to be a valuable approach to addressing the Hubble tension. In particular, increasing the number of relativistic degrees of freedom in the early universe helps alleviate the problem. In this work, we write down effective field theory describing relativistic dark matter production in association with neutrinos leading to a larger <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>. We derive limits on the effective energy scale that governs this relativistic production of dark matter as a function of the dark matter mass for fermion, vector, and scalar dark matter fields. In particular, scalar dark matter particles are more effective in increasing the effective number of relativistic species. Also, if they have GeV scale masses, then the relativistic production of dark matter should be governed by Planck scale effective operators in order to alleviate the Hubble tension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deflection angle around generic traversable wormhole solutions and energy conditions in extended teleparallel theory of gravity","authors":"Yovqochev Pahlavon ,&nbsp;Farruh Atamurotov ,&nbsp;Abdelmalek Bouzenada ,&nbsp;Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov ,&nbsp;G. Mustafa","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores traversable wormhole solutions within the framework of <span><math><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> gravity, a generalized teleparallel theory that extends <span><math><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> gravity by incorporating the trace of the energy-momentum tensor <span><math><mi>T</mi></math></span>. Adopting Weitzenbock geometry, we derive the field equations for a linear <span><math><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> model and analyze Morris-Thorne wormhole geometries with two novel shape functions and a fractional redshift function. Violations of the null and strong energy conditions are illustrated, showing the presence of exotic matter near the wormhole throat, while the weak and dominant energy conditions are satisfied. Also, the effective potential for null and timelike geodesics reveals how particle trajectories depend on angular momentum, with deflection angle calculations demonstrating significant light bending near the throat. Numerical results show that increasing parameters in the shape functions enhance energy density and radial pressure violation, whereas larger redshift parameters reduce deflection angles at larger distances. Both shape function models support asymptotically flat and physically viable wormholes, with Model-I exhibiting stronger deflection effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended Bargmann FDA and non-relativistic gravity","authors":"Ariana Muñoz ,&nbsp;Gustavo Rubio ,&nbsp;Sebastián Salgado","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper we consider the construction of a free differential algebra as an extension of the extended Bargmann algebra in arbitrary dimensions. This is achieved by introducing a new Maurer-Cartan equation for a three-form gauge multiplet in the adjoint representation of the extended Bargmann algebra. The new Maurer-Cartan equation is provided of non-triviality by means of the introduction of a four-form cocycle, representative of a Chevalley-Eilenberg cohomology class. We derive the corresponding dual <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>∞</mo></mrow></msub></math></span> algebra and, by using the formalism of non-linear realizations, propose a five-dimensional gauge invariant action principle. Then, we derive the corresponding equations of motion and study how the presence of the three-form gauge fields and the four-cocycle modify the corresponding non-relativistic dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116885"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability and existence of wormhole models in F(Q) gravity generated by holographic dark energy densities","authors":"Sat Paul ,&nbsp;S.K. Maurya ,&nbsp;Jitendra Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we investigate the existence, stability and physical viability of wormhole solutions within the framework of <span><math><mi>F</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> gravity, a modified gravity theory where <span><math><mi>Q</mi></math></span> represents the non-metricity scalar. In this study, we developed wormhole models using holographic dark energy density profiles described by Bekenstein-Hawking and Moradpour, represented as <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ρ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mi>h</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Ψ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>π</mi></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></mfrac></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ρ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Ψ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn><mi>π</mi><msup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>(</mo><mi>π</mi><mi>λ</mi><msup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, respectively. The derived solutions for the wormhole's shape function fulfil the necessary conditions. This study examines the influence of the parameters <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Ψ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Ψ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> on the equilibrium state of the wormhole solution and the breaking of energy conditions. Our findings indicate that each model deviates from the null energy condition, indicating the necessity of exotic matter for the stability of wormholes. Additionally, we analysed the geometry of wormhole models by embedding diagrams. To achieve the physical viability of the wormhole, we examined the active gravitational mass (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) for both models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116886"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bipartite expansion beyond biparticity","authors":"A. Anokhina ,&nbsp;E. Lanina ,&nbsp;A. Morozov","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recently suggested bipartite analysis extends the Kauffman planar decomposition to arbitrary <em>N</em>, i.e. extends it from the Jones polynomial to the HOMFLY polynomial. This provides a generic and straightforward non-perturbative calculus in an arbitrary Chern–Simons theory. Technically, this approach is restricted to knots and links which possess bipartite realizations, i.e. can be entirely glued from antiparallel lock (two-vertex) tangles rather than single-vertex <span><math><mi>R</mi></math></span>-matrices. However, we demonstrate that the resulting <em>positive decomposition</em> (PD), i.e. the representation of the fundamental HOMFLY polynomials as <em>positive integer</em> polynomials of the three parameters <em>ϕ</em>, <span><math><mover><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></math></span> and <em>D</em>, exists for <em>arbitrary</em> knots, not only bipartite ones. This poses new questions about the true significance of bipartite expansion, which appears to make sense far beyond its original scope, and its generalizations to higher representations. We have provided two explanations for the existence of the PD for non-bipartite knots. An interesting option is to resolve a particular bipartite vertex in a not-fully-bipartite diagram and reduce the HOMFLY polynomial to a linear combination of those for smaller diagrams. If the resulting diagrams correspond to bipartite links, this option provides a PD even to an initially non-bipartite knot. Another possibility for a non-bipartite knot is to have a bipartite clone with the same HOMFLY polynomial providing this PD. We also suggest a promising criterium for the existence of a bipartite realization behind a given PD, which is based on the study of the precursor Jones polynomials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116881"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holographic superfluid sound modes with bulk acoustic black hole","authors":"Joseph Carlo U. Candare,&nbsp;Kristian Hauser A. Villegas","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sound modes of a flowing superfluid can be characterized by the massless Klein-Gordon equation in an effective background metric. This metric can be engineered to mimic a black hole by incorporating an acoustic horizon. In this study, we explore the AdS/CFT dual of sound modes within a fluid exhibiting an acoustic horizon in the bulk. Focusing on fluids with purely radial flow, we derive the effective metric for the acoustic spacetime and establish necessary conditions for the existence of an acoustic black hole geometry within the fluid. We examine two examples of acoustic black holes embedded in pure anti-de Sitter spacetime. For both examples, we compute the effective Hawking temperature associated with the bulk acoustic horizon and investigate the near-horizon properties. We then derive the superfluid velocity profile that may lead to infrared emergent quantum criticality. Our calculations reveal that although the superfluid is at zero temperature, the sound modes experience an effective nonzero temperature due to the presence of an acoustic horizon. We also calculate the retarded Green's function and the spectral density of the sound modes. Our findings reveal that the spectral density is gapless, while the retarded Green's functions display branch cuts rather than poles, a hallmark of strongly coupled systems. These calculations demonstrate how the behavior of sound modes in a fluid can deviate from that of the underlying scalar field, due to the deformation of the background metric into an effective one. Importantly, the detailed behavior of these modes in the presence of an acoustic horizon is contingent upon the specific fluid velocity profile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kiselev-inspired wormholes","authors":"Jureeporn Yuennan ,&nbsp;Piyachat Panyasiripan ,&nbsp;Phongpichit Channuie","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we investigate traversable wormholes inspired by the Kiselev framework, which extends classical black hole solutions by incorporating anisotropic fluids. These exotic fluids play a crucial role in cosmology, particularly in explaining phenomena such as the accelerated expansion of the universe. We generalize the Kiselev framework to static, spherically symmetric traversable wormholes and analyze their properties under two distinct models of the redshift function: a constant redshift function and one that varies inversely with the radial coordinate. We examine the energy conditions—specifically the Null Energy Condition (NEC), Weak Energy Condition (WEC), and Strong Energy Condition (SEC)—for these models, demonstrating that only certain exotic fluids can sustain the wormhole structure. Furthermore, we quantify the amount of exotic matter required to maintain these wormholes using the volume integral quantifier and compare our results with other wormhole models. Additionally, we compute the effective potential for photons in Kiselev-inspired wormholes under both redshift function models and analyze their implications for weak gravitational lensing. Our findings suggest that Kiselev-inspired wormholes could serve as viable candidates for exotic geometries, potentially paving the way for future observational verification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferromagnets from higher SU(N) representations","authors":"Alexios P. Polychronakos ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Sfetsos","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a general formalism for deriving the thermodynamics of ferromagnets consisting of “atoms” carrying an arbitrary irreducible representation of <span><math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> and coupled through long-range two-body quadratic interactions. Using this formalism, we derive the thermodynamics and phase structure of ferromagnets with atoms in the doubly symmetric or doubly antisymmetric irreducible representations. The symmetric representation leads to a paramagnetic and a ferromagnetic phase with transitions similar to the ones for the fundamental representation studied before. The antisymmetric representation presents qualitatively new features, leading to a paramagnetic and two distinct ferromagnetic phases that can coexist over a range of temperatures, two of them becoming metastable. Our results are relevant to magnetic systems of atoms with reduced symmetry in their interactions compared to the fundamental case.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}