Nuclear Physics B最新文献

{"title":"Particle-antiparticle oscillation modes crossing horizon: Baryogenesis and dark-matter waves","authors":"She-Sheng Xue (薛社生)","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantum massive particle and antiparticle pair production and oscillation during reheating result in a holographic and massive pair plasma state. Perturbations in the densities of particles and antiparticles within this plasma form acoustic waves, characterized by symmetric and asymmetric density contrasts. By deriving the acoustic wave equations and identifying the frequencies of the lowest-lying perturbation modes (with zero wave number), the study shows that the wavelengths of these modes, when compared with the horizon size, suggest the possibility of superhorizon crossing during reheating. This crossing leads to particle-antiparticle asymmetry observable by an observer inside the horizon. The decay of massive particles and antiparticles into baryons generates a net baryon number, potentially explaining baryogenesis. The calculated baryon number-to-entropy ratio aligns with observational data. This crossing also accounts for dark matter particle-antiparticle asymmetry in the present Universe. The study also explores perturbation modes with nonzero wave numbers, representing dark-matter acoustic waves. These modes exited the horizon and re-entered after recombination, potentially imprinting on the matter power spectrum at large length scales and influencing the formation of large-scale structures and galaxies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WGC as WCCC protector: The synergistic effects of various parameters in non-commutative black holes for identifying WGC candidate models","authors":"Mohammad Ali S. Afshar ,&nbsp;Jafar Sadeghi","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of non-commutative geometry and Gauss-Bonnet corrections in an action and the study of their black hole responses can provide highly intriguing insights. Our primary motivation for this study is to understand the interplay of these two parameters on the geodesics of spacetime, including photon spheres and time-like orbits. In this study, we found that this integration, in its initial form, can limit the value of the Gauss-Bonnet parameter (<em>α</em>), creating a critical threshold beyond which changes in the non-commutative parameter (Ξ) become ineffective, and the structure can only manifest as a naked singularity. Furthermore, we found that using a more complex model, which includes additional factors such as a cloud of strings and linear charge, as a sample for studying spacetime geodesics, yield different and varied results. In this scenario, negative <em>α</em> values can also play a role, notably preserving the black hole form even with a super-extremal charge (<span><math><mi>q</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mi>m</mi></math></span>). For <span><math><mi>α</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0.1</mn></math></span>, the black hole mass parameter becomes significantly influential, with a critical mass below which the impact of other parameter changes is nullified. Interestingly, considering a more massive black hole, this high-mass state also maintains its black hole form within the super-extremal charge range. The existence of these two models led us to our main goal. By examining the temperature for these two cases, we find that both situations are suitable for studying the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC). Finally, based on the behavior of these two models, we will explain how the WGC acts as a logical solution and a protector for the WCCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116872"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroweak symmetry breaking in Sp(6) gauge-Higgs unification model","authors":"Nobuhito Maru ,&nbsp;Akio Nago","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the electroweak symmetry breaking in a five dimensional <span><math><mi>S</mi><mi>p</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span> gauge-Higgs unification model where the weak mixing angle is predicted to be <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>sin</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>⁡</mo><msub><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>4</mn></math></span> at the compactification scale. We find that the correct pattern of electroweak symmetry breaking is realized by introducing a 4-rank totally symmetric representation additionally. Furthermore, one-loop renormalization group equation analysis show that the weak mixing angle at the weak scale can be in good agreement with the experimental data by introducing some fermions in the adjoint representation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116863"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing quantum criticality near the BTZ black hole horizon: Insights from coupled fermion-antifermion pairs","authors":"Abdullah Guvendi ,&nbsp;Omar Mustafa","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we analytically examine the behavior of a fermion-antifermion (<span><math><mi>f</mi><mover><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mo>‾</mo></mover></math></span>) pair near the horizon of a static BTZ black hole using a fully covariant two-body Dirac equation with a position-dependent mass, <span><math><mi>m</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>m</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>. This formulation leads to a set of four first-order equations that can be reduced to a second-order wave equation, enabling the analysis of gravitational effects on quantum interactions. Two mass modifications are considered: (i) <span><math><mi>m</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>m</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>r</mi></math></span>, representing an attractive Coulomb interaction, and (ii) <span><math><mi>m</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>m</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>a</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span>, corresponding to a Cornell potential. For case (i), an exact analytical solution is obtained, while for case (ii), conditionally exact solutions involving biconfluent Heun functions are derived. For the lowest mode (<span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math></span>), the results indicate that real oscillations without energy loss occur when <span><math><mi>a</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0.25</mn></math></span> in scenario (i) and <span><math><mi>a</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0.75</mn></math></span> in scenario (ii), suggesting stable oscillatory behavior. When <span><math><mi>a</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0.25</mn></math></span> in scenario (i) or <span><math><mi>a</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0.75</mn></math></span> in scenario (ii), the state exhibits decay, indicating instability below these critical thresholds. At <span><math><mi>a</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.25</mn></math></span> (scenario (i)) and <span><math><mi>a</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.75</mn></math></span> (scenario (ii)), the system reaches a state where its evolution ceases over time. These findings provide insights into the stability conditions of fermion-antifermion pairs near the black hole horizon and may have relevance for determining critical coupling strengths in systems such as holographic superconductors. Furthermore, this work adopts an effective semi-classical quantum gravity approach, offering a practical framework for incorporating gravitational effects. However, a more complete description of the system would require a deeper understanding of quantum gravity beyond computational methods. The results presented here may contribute to further studies exploring the influence of strong gravitational fields on quantum systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116874"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of rainbow function on the structural properties of color flavor locked strange stars","authors":"Krishna Pada Das,&nbsp;Ujjal Debnath","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we perform the significant effect of energy-dependent rainbow function on the properties of strange stars, proposed compact stars made up of strange quark matter. We assume the interior fluid of the star is in non-interacting and isotropic mode satisfying non-linear equation of state like color flavor locked state of matter. The new structure equations describe hydrostatic equilibrium state through generalizing the usual TOV equation of Einstein's gravity with involvement of rainbow function. By solving the generalized TOV equation numerically, we perform the behavior of some necessary properties of three considered CFL strange stars in the context of our solutions for physically reasonable by taking five variations of rainbow function including general relativity (GR). Motivated by GW190814 event, we justify the possible existence of compact stars with mass <span><math><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>2.5</mn><mspace></mspace><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>⊙</mo></mrow></msub></math></span> by our findings in rainbow gravity (RG). Finally, we get the possible existence of compact stellar objects made by CFL strange matter with the maximum mass that may be placed in the ‘mass-gap’ (<span><math><mn>2.5</mn><mspace></mspace><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>⊙</mo></mrow></msub><mtext>–</mtext><mn>5</mn><mspace></mspace><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>⊙</mo></mrow></msub></math></span>) region. Also, we perform some other properties like energy density, pressure, stability, etc., for our proposed stellar system in the effect of the rainbow function. In this connection, we illustrate the deviation of our obtained results in RG from GR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Einstein-Gilbert-Straus solution of Einstein field equations: Timelike geodesic congruence with conventional and quantized fundamental metric tensor","authors":"Abdel Nasser Tawfik ,&nbsp;Tahia F. Dabash ,&nbsp;Tarek S. Amer ,&nbsp;Mohamed O. Shaker","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a cosmic background characterized by inhomogeneity, anisotropy, and spherical symmetry, a nonsingular solution to the Einstein field equations is established through the application of both conventional and quantized fundamental metric tensor. The Swiss cheese model describes the complex configuration of the Einstein–Gilbert–Straus (EGS) metric, particularly emphasizing the presently undefined correlation between the radial distance <em>r</em> and cosmic time <em>t</em>. This complexity necessitates two key approaches: first, to model the cosmic substance inside the inhomogeneously interspersed spherical holes, and second, to analytically derive and numerically estimate the timelike geodesic congruence via the chain rule. In this analysis, the derivative <span><math><mi>d</mi><mi>r</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span> is calculated at the proper horizon, incorporating the proper-time derivative as proposed by Misner and Sharp. The Raychaudhuri equation serves as a crucial lemma in the context of the Hawking–Penrose singularity theorems. It provides significant insights into the dynamics of various kinematic quantities, including the expansion (volume scalar), shearing (anisotropy), rotation (vorticity), and the Ricci identity (local gravitational field). The Raychaudhuri equation describes how these quantities correlate and contribute to the characteristics and onset of space and initial singularities. To conclude, we find that a) a singularity-free solution is achieved in both space and time using either the conventional or quantized fundamental metric tensor, and b) the quantized fundamental metric tensor, which provides a significant extension of general relativity into relativistic and quantum regimes, naturally leads to the quantization of the Raychaudhuri equation, thereby greatly enhancing the strength of such a solution. The EGS metric exhibits significant differences from both the Schwarzschild and FLRW metrics, suggesting that the conclusion regarding the nonsingularity of the EGS is likely independent of the specific model employed. Additionally, the Ricci and Kretschmann scalars seem to provide evidence that the proposed geometric quantization reveals nonsingularity which is fundamentally real, intrinsic, and essential rather than an artifact arising from a specific choice of coordinates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116866"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spacetime curvature corrections for the Yukawa potential and its application for the Reissner-Nordström metric","authors":"J.V. Zamperlini,&nbsp;C.C. Barros Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we investigate the influence of the spacetime curvature on the Yukawa potential, focusing on boson-boson interactions derived from the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> theory. Using the Bunch-Parker propagator expansion within Born's first approximation, we derive a Yukawa-like potential in a curved spacetime. We analyze the impact of the curvature on the propagator in momentum space, revealing modifications to the potential and showing that the corrections are determined by geometric quantities from Einstein's equations, like the Ricci scalar and tensor. We illustrate this using the Reissner-Nordström metric, highlighting the corrections' magnitude for specific parameters. Our results underscore the nuanced interplay between spacetime curvature and quantum interactions, providing insights into nucleon-nucleon systems in curved spacetimes or near strong gravitational fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116871"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamics of the most generalized form of holographic dark energy and some particular cases with corrected entropies","authors":"Sanghati Saha ,&nbsp;Ertan Güdekli ,&nbsp;Surajit Chattopadhyay ,&nbsp;Gizem Dilara Açan Yildiz","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A four-parameter generalized entropy has recently been developed based on the generalized cut-off of holographic dark energy (HDE) formalism. It reduces to various known entropies for appropriate parameter limits, as shown in recent studies by Odintsov and others. In the current work, we investigate the evolution of the universe in its early and late phases within the framework of entropic cosmology, where the entropic energy density functions are reconstructed within the framework of the equivalence of holographic dark energy and four-parameter generalized entropy (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>). Also, we examined different entropic dark energy models in this regard, including the generalized holographic dark energy with Nojiri-Odintsov(NO) cut-off, the Barrow entropic HDE (BHDE), and the Tsallis entropic HDE (THDE) as IR cut-off, all of three particular cases of the most generalized four parameter entropic holographic dark energy. Inspired by the works of Nojiri and others, our current work reports a study on cosmological parameters and thermodynamics with entropy corrections to cosmological horizon entropy as well as black hole entropy with a highly generalized viscous coupled holographic dark fluid along with its particular cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Majorana fermions solve the tetrahedron equations as well as higher simplex equations","authors":"Pramod Padmanabhan ,&nbsp;Vladimir Korepin","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yang-Baxter equations define quantum integrable models. The tetrahedron and higher simplex equations are multi-dimensional generalizations. Finding the solutions of these equations is a formidable task. In this work we develop a systematic method - constructing higher simplex operators [solutions of corresponding simplex equations] from lower simplex ones. We call it lifting. By starting from a solution of Yang-Baxter equations we can construct a solution of the tetrahedron equation and simplex equation in any dimension. We then generalize this by starting from a solution of any lower simplex equation and lifting it [construct solution] to another simplex equation in higher dimension. This process introduces several constraints among the different lower simplex operators that are lifted to form the higher simplex operators. We show that braided Yang-Baxter operators [solutions of Yang-Baxter equations independent of spectral parameters] constructed using Majorana fermions satisfy these constraints, thus solving the higher simplex equations. As a consequence these solutions help us understand the action of an higher simplex operator on Majorana fermions. Apart from these we show that solutions constructed using Dirac (complex) fermions and Clifford algebras also satisfy these constraints. Furthermore it is observed that the Clifford solutions give rise to positive Boltzmann weights resulting in the possibility of physical statistical mechanics models in higher dimensions. Finally we also show that anti-Yang-Baxter operators [solutions of Yang-Baxter-like equations with a negative sign on the right hand side] can also be lifted to higher simplex solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116865"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T-duality on almost hermitian spaces","authors":"Tetsuji Kimura ,&nbsp;Shin Sasaki ,&nbsp;Kenta Shiozawa","doi":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate T-duality transformation on an almost bi-hermitian space with torsion. By virtue of the Buscher rule, we completely describe not only the covariant derivative of geometrical objects but also the Nijenhuis tensor. We apply this description to an almost bi-hermitian space with isometry and investigate integrability on its T-dualized one. We find that hermiticity is not a sufficient condition to preserve integrability under T-duality transformations. However, in the presence of the Kähler condition, the T-dualized space still admits integrability of the almost complex structures. We also observe that the form of H-flux is suitable for string compactification scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54712,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics B","volume":"1014 ","pages":"Article 116870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}