Karen Johal, Dan J W Jones, Lynne Bell, Julie A Lovegrove, Daniel Joseph Lamport
{"title":"Impact of coffee-derived chlorogenic acid on cognition: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Karen Johal, Dan J W Jones, Lynne Bell, Julie A Lovegrove, Daniel Joseph Lamport","doi":"10.1017/S0954422424000209","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422424000209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coffee drinking has been associated with benefits for various health outcomes, with many attributed to the most prevalent family of polyphenols within coffee, chlorogenic acids (CGA). Whilst reviews of the association between coffee and cognition exist, evidence exploring effects of coffee-specific CGA on cognition has yet to be systematically synthesised. The purpose was to systematically review the current literature investigating the relationship between CGA from coffee and cognitive performance. A further objective was to undertake a meta-analysis of relevant randomised controlled trials (RCT). Observational and intervention studies were included if they considered coffee-based CGA consumption in human participants and applied a standardised measure of cognition. Furthermore, intervention studies were required to define the CGA content and include a control group/placebo. Studies were excluded if they examined CGA alone as an extract or supplement. A search of Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and PsycINFO resulted in including twenty-three papers, six of which were interventions. The evidence from the broader systematic review suggests that CGA from coffee may need to be consumed chronically over a sustained period to produce cognitive benefits. However, the meta-analysis of RCT showed no benefits of coffee CGA intake on cognitive function (<i>d</i> = 0.00, 95% CI -0.05, 0.05). Overall, this review included a limited number of studies, the sample sizes were small, and a wide range of cognitive measures have been utilised. This indicates that further, good-quality interventions and RCT are required to systematically explore the conditions under which coffee CGA may provide benefits for cognitive outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"393-406"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrícia Dias, Tomáš Siatka, Marie Vopršalová, Monika Moravcová, Jana Pourová, Nikola Přívratská, Lenka Kujovská Krčmová, Lenka Javorská, Přemysl Mladěnka
{"title":"Biological properties of vitamins of the B-complex, part 2 - vitamins B<sub>6</sub> and B<sub>7</sub> (biotin, vitamin H).","authors":"Patrícia Dias, Tomáš Siatka, Marie Vopršalová, Monika Moravcová, Jana Pourová, Nikola Přívratská, Lenka Kujovská Krčmová, Lenka Javorská, Přemysl Mladěnka","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100097","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamins B<sub>6</sub> (that is, pyridoxin and its analogues) and B<sub>7</sub> (that is, biotin or vitamin H) are essential molecules for many physiological processes. In addition to their well-known involvement in several enzymatic reactions, recent discoveries revealed their participation in other processes, for example, in gene expression via epigenetic processes, such as biotinylation of proteins in the case of biotin. Plants, fungi, archaea and most bacteria synthesise both vitamins, whereas animals and humans lack enzymes for their biosynthesis and depend on their exogenous supply. At least in the case of biotin, human gastrointestinal microbiota can likely partly satisfy the need. Both vitamins are water soluble and require a transporter for efficient absorption after oral administration; they can be rapidly excreted; hence, they are considered largely non-toxic. In addition to physiological and kinetic aspects of vitamin B<sub>6</sub> and biotin, this review, which is based on a search in PubMed up to 2023, covers sources of these vitamins, the impact of food treatment on their content, causes and symptoms of deficiency and specific mutations related to their function. Currently available literature on the analytical determination of these vitamins in biological fluids, possible pharmacological uses and symptoms of toxicity, although rare, are also included.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-34"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the role of diet in reducing cancer risk in UK firefighters: Mediterranean pattern and the potential for targeted nutritional strategies.","authors":"Ben Jones, Shelly Coe","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100073","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Firefighters face significantly elevated cancer risks due to chronic exposure to carcinogenic fire effluents and occupational stressors. In 2022, the World Health Organization classified firefighting as a carcinogenic occupation, linking it to increased incidences of cancers, including mesothelioma, bladder, prostate, colon and melanoma. Drawing on UK-specific data where possible, this narrative review explores how dietary strategies, particularly the Mediterranean diet, may complement existing protective measures in mitigating these risks. It investigates specific food-based nutrients that show promise in addressing risks associated with fire effluent contaminants, examining nutrient-mediated mechanisms and their relevance to firefighter health. The review also highlights the distinct combination of challenges firefighters face in adopting healthier dietary patterns, including disrupted routines, group eating cultures and gaps in nutritional education. While the evidence for firefighter-specific dietary interventions is still emerging, this review highlights the potential of sustainable dietary strategies to significantly reduce cancer risks and improve long-term health outcomes. Finally, it calls for targeted research and interventions to refine these strategies and deliver tangible health benefits for firefighters worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Richard J Head, Jonathan D Buckley, Jennifer H Martin
{"title":"Exploiting the vulnerability of SARS-CoV-2 with a partnership of mucosal immune function and nutrition: a narrative review.","authors":"Richard J Head, Jonathan D Buckley, Jennifer H Martin","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100061","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To achieve infectivity, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for COVID-19, must first traverse the upper respiratory tract mucosal barrier. Once infection is established, the cascading complexities of the pathophysiology of COVID-19 makes intervention extremely difficult. Thus, enhancing the defensive properties of the mucosal linings of the upper respiratory tract may reduce infection by SARS-CoV-2 and indeed by other viruses such as influenza, which have been responsible for the two major pandemics of the last century. In this review we summarise potential opportunities for foods and nutrients to promote an adequate mucosal immune preparedness with an aim to assist protection against infection by SARS-CoV-2, to maximise the mucosal vaccination (IgA inducing) response to existing systemic vaccines, and to play a role as adjuvants to intranasal vaccines. We identify opportunities for vitamins A and D, zinc, probiotics, bovine colostrum and resistant starch to promote mucosal immunity and enhance the mucosal response to systemic vaccines, and for vitamin A to also improve the mucosal response to intranasal vaccination. It is possible that an entirely different virus may in the future, by way of convergent evolution, utilise a similar upper respiratory tract infection pathway. A greater research focus on mucosal lymphoid immune protection in partnership with nutrition would result in greater preparedness for such an event.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruno B Carnino, Bruno Bd Muro, Rafaella F Carnevale, Flávio A Coelho, Caio A da Silva, Ines Andretta, Sam Millet, Cesar Ap Garbossa
{"title":"Feeding weanling piglets for optimal health and performance: what can we learn from research on complex diets?","authors":"Bruno B Carnino, Bruno Bd Muro, Rafaella F Carnevale, Flávio A Coelho, Caio A da Silva, Ines Andretta, Sam Millet, Cesar Ap Garbossa","doi":"10.1017/S095442242510005X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S095442242510005X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Weaning and introduction to a solid diet result in physiological stress in piglets. This can be offset by using complex diets. The terms 'complexity' and 'complex diets' are used in practice and academia but are not precisely defined. The aim of this review was to identify the ingredients in weaner diets, their inclusion levels and how the number of ingredients or complexity of diets influences weaner performance, intestinal and systemic health, environmental sustainability and antibiotic use. Not all diets are formulated equally. Some prioritise meeting the weaner's nutritional needs, while other diets seek to align health promotion and adaptation to the environment. As diet composition is of vital importance for young piglets, the components needed in these complex diets must be defined. Healthy, environmentally adapted pigs have excellent growth performance. We therefore recommend use of a new term, 'gut health supporting diets', to encompass the many concepts associated with diet complexity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oliver C Witard, Asli Devrim-Lanpir, Michelle C McKinley, D Ian Givens
{"title":"Navigating the protein transition: why dairy and its matrix matter amid rising plant protein trends.","authors":"Oliver C Witard, Asli Devrim-Lanpir, Michelle C McKinley, D Ian Givens","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425000101","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425000101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of the protein transition represents a shift from a diet rich in animal proteins to one richer in plant-based alternatives, largely in response to environmental sustainability concerns. However, a simple swap by replacing dairy protein with plant protein will lead to lower protein quality and a lower intake of key micronutrients that sit naturally within the dairy matrix. Owing to antagonistic effects within the plant food matrix, micronutrients in plant sources exhibit lower bioavailability which is not reflected in food composition data or dietary guidelines. The dairy matrix effect includes moderation of blood lipid levels in which calcium plays a key role. Protein recommendations often take a muscle-centric approach. Hence, strategies to increase the anabolic potential of plant proteins have focused on increasing total protein intake to counter the suboptimal amino acid composition relative to dairy protein or leucine fortification. However, emerging evidence indicates a role for nutrient interactions and non-nutrient components (milk exosomes, bioactive peptides) of the dairy matrix in modulating postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates. To ensure the food system transformation is environmentally sustainable and optimal from a nutrition perspective, consideration needs to be given to complementary benefits of different food matrices and the holistic evaluation of foods in the protein transition. This narrative review critically examines the role of dairy in the protein transition, emphasising the importance of the food matrix in nutrient bioavailability and muscle health. By considering both nutritional and sustainability perspectives, we provide a holistic evaluation of dairy's contribution within evolving dietary patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding the determinants of malnutrition among adolescent girls in Pakistan: what needs to be done?","authors":"Saira Zafar, Babar Tasneem Shaikh","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425000095","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425000095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescent girls are vulnerable and deserve the utmost attention to complement their nutrition. This scoping review endeavours to identify the determinants of malnutrition among adolescent girls in Pakistan and to comprehend the interventions to improve their health and nutritional status. This review of the literature was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science for articles published between 2015 and 2024. MeSH terms used for search were as follows: adolescent, youth, health, malnutrition, nutrition interventions, systems approach. In addition, reports from the WHO, the UN, the World Bank, the Government of Pakistan and other organisations were also critically reviewed. Moreover, this paper has used the Pathways framework, which advocates multi-sectoral approaches for poverty reduction. In most developing countries, the compromised nutritional status of adolescent girls, compounded by poverty, has life-long health and economic consequences, as well as their infants having nutritional deficits. They are expected to grow as stunted children. Abundant evidence has shown that nutrition-sensitive and nutrition-specific interventions can improve their nutritional status and that of subsequent generations. There is a dire need to involve key stakeholders from health, education, nutrition, population, women's development, social welfare and other relevant sectors. It is imperative to design interventions for adolescent girls in each country's context to break the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition and to improve economic productivity. Political commitment and effective governance along with policy coherence are required for their healthy transitions into adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julianne McNeill, Caryn Zinn, Gael Mearns, Rebecca Grainger
{"title":"Elimination reintroduction diets and oral food challenge in adults with rheumatoid arthritis: a scoping review.","authors":"Julianne McNeill, Caryn Zinn, Gael Mearns, Rebecca Grainger","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425000083","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425000083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) believe that certain foods may influence disease activity. Elimination reintroduction diets and oral food challenges are dietary strategies used to identify foods that may exacerbate symptoms. This review summarises and appraises the literature on elimination diet interventions that include food reintroductions or oral food challenges in adults with RA. It describes study design, measures used to assess the effects of food exclusion and challenge, foods identified that may affect RA symptoms, and the measures used to assess the outcome of excluding those foods. A search of five databases, two thesis repositories and Open Grey was conducted to identify records published from inception to January 2025, using terms related to RA, elimination diets and food sensitivity. Eligible records were screened independently by two reviewers, and data extraction followed Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Data are presented using a narrative synthesis approach with descriptive data analysis. In total, forty-eight records met inclusion criteria comprising twenty intervention studies (sample sizes 4-94) and seventeen case studies, conducted across twelve countries (1949-2024). Interventions included single-food exclusions, few-food diets, low-allergen meal replacements and fasting protocols. Reintroduction methods varied from a single-food challenge to multiple reintroductions, with five studies using blinded challenges. Outcome measures included physician- or participant-observed symptom changes, clinical assessments and laboratory measures, though these were heterogeneous. Findings reveal a lack of standardised protocols, dated methodologies and limited contemporary research. Controlled studies are needed to establish evidence-based protocols, investigate mechanisms, and guide dietary strategies as adjuncts to RA pharmacological treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tom Bbosa, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, Christophe Matthys, Mik Van Der Borght
{"title":"A systematic review of zinc, iron and vitamin B<sub>12</sub> content of edible insects and comparison with dietary reference values.","authors":"Tom Bbosa, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, Christophe Matthys, Mik Van Der Borght","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425000071","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425000071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Entomophagy (eating edible insects) could potentially address human deficiencies of iron, zinc and vitamin B<sub>12</sub>. This article aims to summarise available evidence about the iron, zinc and vitamin B<sub>12</sub> content of raw and processed edible insects and compare these with the nutritional needs of different human life stages. A systematic literature search using specific keywords (edible insects, iron content, zinc content, vitamin B<sub>12</sub> content and nutritional composition) in Web of Science and Scopus databases was performed. Forty-six studies were reviewed. To ensure standardised comparisons, articles with nutrient-enriched edible insects were excluded. The quality of records was assessed using standardised protocols. Results indicate that edible insects are generally either 'sources of' or 'rich in' iron, zinc and vitamin B<sub>12</sub> required for optimal nutrition and health of different human life stages. Moreover, iron, zinc and vitamin B<sub>12</sub> contents of edible insect species were generally either comparable to or higher than that of (lean) beef, (lean) pork, poultry and kidney beans. Most insect species were oven processed with little/no species-specific data for other processing methods. Variations in micronutrient content existed between processing methods and among oven-processed edible insects. Data inaccuracies, poor data quality control and lack of insect-specific official analytical methods contributed to fairly high variations and made comparisons difficult. Based on available data, edible insects can potentially address human deficiencies of iron, zinc and vitamin B<sub>12</sub> despite the observed variations, data gaps and lack of edible insect matrix-specific official methods, in addition to limited human bioavailability and efficacy studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asma Ahmadani, Monia Kittana, Farah Al-Marzooq, Sandeep B Subramanya, Maria Cristina D'Adamo, Amita Attlee, Mauro Pessia
{"title":"Zinc ion dyshomeostasis in autism spectrum disorder.","authors":"Asma Ahmadani, Monia Kittana, Farah Al-Marzooq, Sandeep B Subramanya, Maria Cristina D'Adamo, Amita Attlee, Mauro Pessia","doi":"10.1017/S095442242500006X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S095442242500006X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with significant social, communicative, and behavioral challenges, and its prevalence is increasing globally at an alarming rate. Children with ASD often have nutritional imbalances, and multiple micronutrient deficiencies. Among these, zinc (Zn<sup>2+</sup>) deficiency is prominent and has gained extensive scientific interest over the past few years. Zn<sup>2+</sup> supports numerous proteins, including enzymes and transcription factors, and controls neurogenesis and cell differentiation. It modulates synaptic transmission and plasticity by binding to receptors, ion channels, and transporters. These interactions are crucial, as changes in these processes may contribute to cognitive and behavioral abnormalities in neurodevelopmental disorders, including ASD. Notably, mutations in genes linked to ASD result in Zn<sup>2+</sup> dyshomeostasis, altering pivotal biological processes. In addition, Zn<sup>2+</sup> promotes gut health by maintaining gut wall integrity, preventing inflammation and leaky gut, preventing translocation of gut bacteria and their metabolites into systemic circulation, and supporting cognitive processes via the gut–brain axis. Zn<sup>2+</sup> deficiency during pregnancy alters gut microbiota composition, induces pro-inflammatory cytokine production, may affect neuronal functioning, and is associated with ASD etiology in offspring, as well as the exacerbation of autistic traits in genetically predisposed children. This review focuses on Zn<sup>2+</sup> dyshomeostasis, discussing various Zn<sup>2+</sup>-dependent dysfunctions underlying distinct autistic phenotypes and describing recent progress in the neurobiology of individuals with ASD and animal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}