Oceanography最新文献

{"title":"EcoFOCI: A Generation of Ecosystem Studies in Alaskan Waters","authors":"H. Tabisola, J. Duffy‐Anderson, C. Mordy, P. Stabeno","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46704414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Southern Ocean Biogeochemistry and the Potential Impact on pH-Sensitive Planktonic Organisms","authors":"E. Shadwick, A. Rigual-Hernández, R. Eriksen, P. Jansen, D. Davies, Cathryn Wynn‐Edwards, A. Sutton, Christina Schallenberg, T. Trull","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48410979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic Surveyors for Shallow Coastal Environments","authors":"S. Ackleson","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-36","url":null,"abstract":"mental consequences of a warming global climate. Ocean heating, rising sea level, and increasing coastal storm frequency and intensity are imposing stresses on coastal environments that historically were less frequent and less severe. At the same time, human population within 100 km of the coast is projected to nearly double by mid-century, increasing pressure on a variety of marine services including fisheries and recreation. Shallow water environments are key components of healthy coastal ecosystems as they provide feeding grounds and nurseries for fish and crustaceans and act to buffer the impacts of coastal storms on adjacent land areas. But they are also susceptible to rapid degradation because stresses are distributed within a compressed water volume. To address these challenges, policymakers and natural resource managers increasingly rely on more accurate and timely environmental data. The past two decades of robotic and sensor technology development have resulted in ocean observing systems that can monitor and survey water column properties autonomously at temporal and spatial scales and in environmental conditions that exceed what is possible with traditional human-based operations involving ships and divers (Chai et al., 2020). Most recently, new system concepts are providing more complete environmental descriptions of shallow water environments, including water quality and the shape and composition of the seafloor. In 2017, the US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) began developing robotic surveying approaches that support remote sensing of shallow coastal environments (Ackleson et al., 2017). The initial approach was to use a modified,","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42450941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontiers in Ocean Observing: Documenting Ecosystems, Understanding Environmental Changes, Forecasting Hazards","authors":"E. Kappel","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44790169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of the Impact of Ocean Acidification on Marine Calcifiers","authors":"K. Kimoto","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45075358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Putting Training into Practice: An Alumni Network Global Monitoring Program","authors":"L. Krug, S. Sarker, Samiul Huda, A. González-Silvera, A. Edward, Carla Berghoff, Christian Naranjo, Edem Mahu, Jorge López-Calderón, Luís Escudero, M. Tapia, M. Noernberg, Mohamed Ahmed, Nandini Menon, Stella Betancur","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41988733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tide Gauges: From Single Hazard to Multi-Hazard Warning Systems","authors":"A. Hibbert, Liz Bradshaw, Jeff Pugh, S. Williams, P. Woodworth","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-29","url":null,"abstract":"FIGURE 1. An example of a visual “tide gauge” engraved on a harbor wall, showing tide level markings at the entrance to Canning Half-Tide Dock, Liverpool, relative to the Old Dock Sill datum, a reference datum defined around 1715 in terms of the sill of Liverpool’s first dock. Photo credit: Philip Woodworth, National Oceanography Centre As the name suggests, tide gauges were originally devised for the singular purpose of monitoring tidal fluctuations in sea level in order to aid safe navigation and port operations. Early tide gauges, such as that used by the famous dockmaster William Hutchinson at Liverpool in the late eighteenth century, consisted of little more than graduated markers on sea walls or posts, against which the sea surface could be measured by eye (Figure 1). These were used to record and then forecast the times and heights of high and low water each day; printed in local tide tables, they provided rudimentary information on variations in the tide. Within 50 years, automatic (or “self-registering”) stilling well and float systems were developed, consisting of a float housed in a large vertical tube, with an opening to the sea. The float would rise and fall with the sea surface and, by means of a pen connected to the float via a pulley system, its movements were captured on a paper chart fixed to a clock-driven chart recorder. This, for the first time, produced a continuous sea level trace, allowing other phenomena such as seiches, storm surges, and tsunamis to be clearly identified. Very high frequency variations in sea level, such as wave action, remained unsampled due to the damping effect of the stilling wells. Through continued operation of these gauges over many decades, evidence of longer-term hazards emerged from their records, such as climate change-related sea level rise (SLR), a topic that is now considered in the important regular assessments of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Over the past few decades, a transition to radar, acoustic, or pressure-based tide gauges, together with advances in data-logging capacity, has enabled high frequency sampling (~1 Hz) that is also necessary for monitoring wave action; in addition, the co-location of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers with tide gauges has allowed scientists to infer the contributions of vertical land motion to rates of SLR. As a result, modern tide gauge networks are better equipped to monitor a wide range of sea level phenomena and are, therefore, viewed as multi-hazard warning systems. Of course, robust warning systems demand a comprehensive network of monitoring stations together with coordinated and timely notifications of impending hazards. Sadly, the impetus for such developments has often been provided by natural disasters. The UK Tide Gauge Network (UKTGN), for example, was formed primarily for the purposes of storm surge monitoring and forecasting following the 1953 North Sea storm surge that led to the loss of ~2,400 ","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49402495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocean Observing in the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre","authors":"N. Bates, Rodney C. Johnson","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45062758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porcupine Abyssal Plain Sustained Observatory Monitors the Atmosphere to the Seafloor on Multidecadal Timescales","authors":"A. Gates, S. Hartman, J. Campbell, Christopher Cardwell, J. Durden, A. Flohr, T. Horton, Steven Lankester, R. Lampitt, Charlotte Miskin-Hymas, C. Pebody, Nicholas Rundle, Amanda Serpell-Stevens, B. Bett","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48172464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncrewed Ocean Gliders and Saildrones Support Hurricane Forecasting and Research","authors":"T. Miles, Dongxiao Zhang, G. Foltz, Jun Zhang, C. Meinig, F. Bringas, J. Trinanes, M. Le Hénaff, Maria Aristizabal Vargas, S. Coakley, Catherine Edwards, D. Gong, R. Todd, M. Oliver, Douglas Wilson, K. Whilden, B. Kirkpatrick, P. Chardón-Maldonado, J. Morell, D. Hernandez, G. Kuska, Cheyenne D. Stienbarger, K. Bailey, Chidong Zhang, S. Glenn, G. Goñi","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-28","url":null,"abstract":"By Travis N. Miles, Dongxiao Zhang, Gregory R. Foltz, Jun A. Zhang, Christian Meinig, Francis Bringas, Joaquin Triñanes, Matthieu Le Hénaff, Maria F. Aristizabal Vargas, Sam Coakley, Catherine R. Edwards, Donglai Gong, Robert E. Todd, Matthew J. Oliver, W. Douglas Wilson, Kerri Whilden, Barbara Kirkpatrick, Patricia Chardon-Maldonado, Julio M. Morell, Debra Hernandez, Gerhard Kuska, Cheyenne D. Stienbarger, Kathleen Bailey, Chidong Zhang, Scott M. Glenn, and Gustavo J. Goni","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46308263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}