Oceanography最新文献

Cooperative Learning in Oceanography 海洋学中的合作学习

4区地球科学

Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2023.302

Anja Møgelvang

引用次数: 0

Unpaid Internships Are a Barrier to Diverse and Equitable Recruitment in Marine Science 无薪实习是海洋科学多元化和公平招聘的障碍

IF 2.8 4区地球科学

Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2023.201

Abigail Kreuser, Ana Bishop, E. Meyer‐Gutbrod

{"title":"Unpaid Internships Are a Barrier to Diverse and Equitable Recruitment in Marine Science","authors":"Abigail Kreuser, Ana Bishop, E. Meyer‐Gutbrod","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2023.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2023.201","url":null,"abstract":"Unpaid internships provide opportunities for students and early career individuals to gain work experience in a field of their interest. In lieu of payment for their labor, interns are compensated by gaining deeper knowledge of the field or industry as well as critical networking opportunities. Completing an unpaid work experience is nearly unavoidable for early career individuals to gain the experience required to stand out within a competitive, passion-driven field (Bailey et al., 2022). Deciding to begin a career in marine science with an unpaid position can be an exclusionary point for people from non-affluent socioeconomic backgrounds, and the stress experienced from a lack of financial and professional support can lead to individuals exiting the field in the early stages of their career. Unpaid internships impede diverse recruitment and contribute to the overwhelming lack of diversity in the ocean sciences (Bernard and Cooperdock, 2018, Figure 1). Adequately compensating individuals entering the field for their work would increase diversity in entry level positions and promote the development of early career researchers. These individuals would then be more likely to advance into higher level, permanent positions, thereby improving diversity in all career levels throughout marine science (Fournier et al., 2019; Osiecka et al., 2022).","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49116182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hot Vents Beneath an Icy Ocean: The Aurora Vent Field, Gakkel Ridge, Revealed 冰冷的海洋下的热喷口:奥罗拉喷口场，Gakkel岭，揭示

4区地球科学

Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2023.103

Eva Ramirez-Llodra, Claudio Argentino, Maria Baker, Antje Boetius, Carolina Costa, Håkon Dahle, Emily Denny, Pierre-Antoine Dessandier, Mari Eilertsen, Benedicte Ferre, Christopher German, Kevin Hand, Ana Hilário, Lawrence Hislop, John Jamieson, Dimitri Kalnitchenko, Achim Mall, Giuliana Panieri, Autun Purser, Sofia Ramalho, Eoghan Reeves, Leighton Rolley, Samuel Pereira, Pedro Ribeiro, Muhammed Fatih Sert, Ida Steen, Marie Stetzler, Runar Stokke, Lissette Victorero, Francesca Vulcano, Stig Vågenes, Kate Waghorn, Stefan Buenz

{"title":"Hot Vents Beneath an Icy Ocean: The Aurora Vent Field, Gakkel Ridge, Revealed","authors":"Eva Ramirez-Llodra, Claudio Argentino, Maria Baker, Antje Boetius, Carolina Costa, Håkon Dahle, Emily Denny, Pierre-Antoine Dessandier, Mari Eilertsen, Benedicte Ferre, Christopher German, Kevin Hand, Ana Hilário, Lawrence Hislop, John Jamieson, Dimitri Kalnitchenko, Achim Mall, Giuliana Panieri, Autun Purser, Sofia Ramalho, Eoghan Reeves, Leighton Rolley, Samuel Pereira, Pedro Ribeiro, Muhammed Fatih Sert, Ida Steen, Marie Stetzler, Runar Stokke, Lissette Victorero, Francesca Vulcano, Stig Vågenes, Kate Waghorn, Stefan Buenz","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2023.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2023.103","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence of hydrothermal venting on the ultra-slow spreading Gakkel Ridge in the Central Arctic Ocean has been available since 2001, with first visual evidence of black smokers on the Aurora Vent Field obtained in 2014. But it was not until 2021 that the first ever remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives to hydrothermal vents under permanent ice cover in the Arctic were conducted, enabling the collection of vent fluids, rocks, microbes, and fauna. In this paper, we present the methods employed for deep-sea ROV operations under drifting ice. We also provide the first description of the Aurora Vent Field, which includes three actively venting black smokers and diffuse flow on the Aurora mound at ~3,888 m depth on the southern part of the Gakkel Ridge (82.5°N). The biological communities are dominated by a new species of cocculinid limpet, two small gastropods, and a melitid amphipod. The ongoing analyses of Aurora Vent Field samples will contribute to positioning the Gakkel Ridge hydrothermal vents in the global biogeographic puzzle of hydrothermal vents.","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135907384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Climate Roles of Non-Sea Salt Sulfate and Sea Spray Aerosol in the Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer: Highlights of 40 Years of PMEL Research 非海盐硫酸盐和海雾气溶胶在大气海洋边界层中的气候作用:40年PMEL研究的亮点

4区地球科学

Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2023.202

Patricia Quinn, Timothy Bates, Derek Coffman, James Johnson, Lucia Upchurch

{"title":"Climate Roles of Non-Sea Salt Sulfate and Sea Spray Aerosol in the Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer: Highlights of 40 Years of PMEL Research","authors":"Patricia Quinn, Timothy Bates, Derek Coffman, James Johnson, Lucia Upchurch","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2023.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2023.202","url":null,"abstract":"The Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) began measurements of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in 1982 to better understand the seawater sulfur cycle and the contribution of seawater DMS emissions to the global atmospheric sulfur budget. These measurements led to a global ocean database of DMS seawater concentrations currently hosted at PMEL, with contributions from researchers worldwide. In the mid-1980s, PMEL followed DMS from the ocean into the atmosphere and began aerosol measurements. It was found that DMS-derived, biogenic sulfate can make up a large fraction of the submicron aerosol in the remote marine atmosphere. In addition, it was found that a significant and variable fraction of submicron aerosol over the ocean was composed not only of biogenic sulfate but also included sea spray aerosol and long-range transported components. These measurements were pioneering in providing evidence that marine aerosols are a complex mixture of chemical components that should be included in climate models in order to accurately model Earth’s radiation budget. Measurements from 27 cruises have helped form a coherent view of species responsible for aerosol light scattering and cloud drop nucleation in the marine boundary layer. This global database of aerosol properties is publicly available on PMEL web pages for use by the modeling and satellite communities. Most recently, PMEL has developed payloads for uncrewed aerial systems to extend surface shipboard measurements up to 3,000 m in altitude and to include measurements of cloud properties.","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135058290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Observing Extreme Ocean and Weather Events Using Innovative Saildrone Uncrewed Surface Vehicles 使用创新的无人驾驶水面航行器观察极端海洋和天气事件

4区地球科学

Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2023.214

Dongxiao Zhang, Andy Chiodi, Chidong Zhang, Gregory Foltz, Meghan Cronin, Calvin Mordy, Jessica Cross, Edward Cokelet, Jun Zhang, Chris Meinig, Noah Lawrence-Slavas, Phyllis Stabeno

引用次数: 1

Accelerating Research and Development in the US Arctic Reflections on a NOAA Program 加速美国北极地区的研究和发展对美国国家海洋和大气管理局项目的影响

4区地球科学

Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2023.232

Heather Tabisola, Calvin Calvin, Scott Stalin

{"title":"Accelerating Research and Development in the US Arctic Reflections on a NOAA Program","authors":"Heather Tabisola, Calvin Calvin, Scott Stalin","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2023.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2023.232","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2015, the Innovative Technology for Arctic Exploration (ITAE) program has supported maritime technology development that contributes to economic growth, ocean health, and ocean management in Alaska. The program does this in multiple ways: through public-private partnerships, platform and small-scale sensor design, and research to operations, commercialization, and application of science-driven technologies. ITAE is a high-risk, high-reward research collaborative that provides support and expertise for creative scientists pursuing highly innovative research solutions with the potential for broad impact in US Arctic marine sciences. This program is funded through NOAA to support projects that may be overlooked in the traditional peer-review process because of their inherent risk. However, not all risks lead to success, not every risk leads to failure, and not all failures eliminate success. Development and growth are nurtured by risk and temporary setbacks. The science advanced by these researchers and collaborators forges new paths of discovery. While the Arctic is an excellent testbed, in part, due to its extreme conditions, the technologies and lessons detailed here are transferable to oceanographic research outside of the Arctic. This paper reviews the program as well as the successes and failures of this dedicated Arctic innovation collaborative at the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory.","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135058273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Applications of Biophysical Modeling to Pacific High-Latitude Ecosystems 生物物理模拟在太平洋高纬度生态系统中的应用

4区地球科学

Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2023.226

Albert Hermann, Wei Cheng, Phyllis Stabeno, Darren Pilcher, Kelly Kearney, Kirstin Holsman

引用次数: 2

Acidification of the Global Surface Ocean: What We Have Learned from Observations 全球海洋表面酸化:我们从观测中了解到的

4区地球科学

Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2023.222

Richard Feely, Li-Qing Jiang, Rik Wanninkhof, Brendan Carter, Simone Alin, Nina Bednaršek, Catherine Cosca

{"title":"Acidification of the Global Surface Ocean: What We Have Learned from Observations","authors":"Richard Feely, Li-Qing Jiang, Rik Wanninkhof, Brendan Carter, Simone Alin, Nina Bednaršek, Catherine Cosca","doi":"10.5670/oceanog.2023.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2023.222","url":null,"abstract":"The chemistry of the global ocean is rapidly changing due to the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2). This process, commonly referred to as ocean acidification (OA), is negatively impacting many marine species and ecosystems. In this study, we combine observations in the global surface ocean collected by NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory and Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory scientists and their national and international colleagues over the past four decades, along with model outputs, to provide a high-resolution, regionally varying view of global surface ocean carbon dioxide fugacity, carbonate ion content, total hydrogen ion content, pH on total scale, and aragonite and calcite saturation states on selected time intervals from 1961 to 2020. We discuss the major roles played by air-sea anthropogenic CO2 uptake, warming, local upwelling processes, and declining buffer capacity in controlling the spatial and temporal variability of these parameters. These changes are occurring rapidly in regions that would normally be considered OA refugia, thus threatening the protection that these regions provide for stocks of sensitive species and increasing the potential for expanding biological impacts.","PeriodicalId":54695,"journal":{"name":"Oceanography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135058892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The History and Evolution of PMEL: Purposeful Research that Impacts Environmental Policy PMEL的历史与演变:影响环境政策的有目的研究

4区地球科学

Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2023.235

Michelle McClure, Christopher Sabine, Richard Feely, Stephen Hammond, Christian Meinig, Michael McPhaden, Phyllis Stabeno, Eddie Bernard

引用次数: 0

Advancing Observational Infrastructure in the Arctic 推进北极观测基础设施建设

4区地球科学

Oceanography Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2023.227

Scott Stalin, Shaun Bell, Nicholas Delich, Calvin Mordy, Phyllis Stabeno, Heather Tabisola, Dirk Tagawa

引用次数: 2