Oncologist最新文献

{"title":"Immune checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Myocarditis: A Comprehensive Analysis of Clinical Manifestations and Prognostic Factors.","authors":"Yue Fan, Yan Xu, Xiaoyan Liu, Guangcheng Liu, Bin Zhang, Wei Wu, Shuyang Zhang","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors-related myocarditis (ICI-myocarditis) is a rare but potentially lethal complication of cancer immunotherapy. Extensive information concerning risk factors and outcomes is still insufficient.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multi-center retrospective study enrolled 161 patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven or clinically diagnosed ICI-myocarditis. We performed thorough studies of clinical characteristics and management approaches. Time-to-event analyses, encompassing landmark analysis and competing risk models, were employed to identify early mortality predictors and evaluate long-term prognosis in survivors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ICI-myocarditis typically generally manifested early (median 4 weeks following ICI initiation), with mortality primarily occurring within 60 days. Significantly elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI ≥ 50 times the upper reference limit) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF < 50%) were strong predictors of shortened survival. Landmark analyses revealed these factors influenced early but not long-term mortality beyond 60 days. Patients with concomitant myositis exhibited more fulminant presentations and higher early mortality, though long-term outcomes were comparable to those of isolated myocarditis. Multivariable analysis identified four independent predictors of cardiotoxicity-related death: initial LVEF < 50%, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) and concomitant ICI-myositis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study identifies multiple key predictors of early mortality in ICI-myocarditis. These results underscore the significance of early detection and vigorous intervention, particularly in patients with extreme troponin elevation or overlapping myositis. Despite higher short-term mortality in high-risk patients, long-term prognosis among survivors appears comparable.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Less Frequent Intravenous Dosing of Nemvaleukin Alfa in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors: The Phase 1/2 ARTISTRY-3 trial.","authors":"Sarina A Piha-Paul, Justin A Call, Alexander I Spira, Jorge Bartolomé, Maria de Miguel, Xiwei Chen, Sarah S Donatelli, Nehal J Lakhani","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intravenous (IV) nemvaleukin alfa (nemvaleukin, ALKS 4230) administered daily on days 1-5 in 21‑day cycles demonstrated antitumor activity and manageable safety in heavily pretreated advanced solid tumors. We present results from cohort 2 of the open-label phase I/II ARTISTRY-3 (NCT04592653) study, which evaluated less frequent IV dosing of nemvaleukin in advanced solid tumors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible patients received escalating IV nemvaleukin doses in 21-day cycles on three schedules: day 1, days 1 and 8, and days 1 and 4. The primary endpoint was incidence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From April 2022 to June 2024, 52 patients received nemvaleukin. No DLTs were reported. Most nemvaleukin-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TRAEs) were grade 1-2. Six patients (12%) experienced grade 3 TRAEs, the most common being neutropenia. Nemvaleukin exposure increased with escalating doses. NK and CD8+ T-cell expansion in whole blood was observed, with minimal regulatory T-cell expansion. Nemvaleukin at 30 μg/kg on days 1 and 8 was the recommended phase II dose. No objective responses were observed; 16 (31%) patients had stable disease (6 [12%] for ≥3 months). Increased tumor microenvironment infiltration of NK and CD8+ T-cells was observed in on-treatment biopsies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Less frequent IV doses of nemvaleukin demonstrated pharmacodynamic proof of mechanism and was tolerable with some disease stabilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival analysis of pyrotinib in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: a multicenter real-world study.","authors":"Shiyi Li, Ting Xu, Chengjun Zhu, Haixia Shan, Hong Xu, Jun Zhou, Lei Yang, Tongbo Yi, Xiaohong Wu, Yusong Zhang, Li Xie, Lili Zhang, Yuan Yuan","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In previous clinical trials, pyrotinib has shown good antitumor activity and manageable toxicity in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, real-world data on pyrotinib remain limited. In this study, we reported the latest real-world data on the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib in HER2-positive MBC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective study included 337 HER2-positive MBC patients treated with pyrotinib between October 2016 and October 2024. We reported the analysis of the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib in HER2-positive MBC. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As of 1st April 2025, the median follow-up duration was 42.6 months (range, 2.0-92.7). The median line of treatment was two. The median PFS was 15.3 months (95% CI, 12.9-17.6). By treatment line, the median PFS was 21.4 months (95% CI, 10.1-32.6) for first-line treatment, 14.8 months (95% CI, 11.4-18.1) and 10.9 months (95% CI, 8.1-13.7) for second-line and third-line or above treatment. The 3-year OS rate was 54.6% overall, with 63.2%, 61.1%, and 37.7% for first-line, second-line, and third-line or above treatment. The ORR, DCR, and CBR were 41.5%, 91.2%, and 80.0%. We further analyzed 57 patients with brain metastases (BM). The result showed that the median duration of response (DoR) and time to response (IQR) of radiotherapy-naïve ones were 12.6 months (95% CI, 6.8-18.4) and 1.7 months (95% CI, 1.3-2.2), respectively. The most frequent grade 3 or 4 adverse event was diarrhea. No treatment-related deaths were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The updated analysis demonstrated that pyrotinib could be a promising treatment option in HER2-positive MBC with acceptable toxicity in the real world. Survival is still under assessment with longer follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Past, Present and Future of Myeloma Staging and Risk Prognostication.","authors":"Mehmet Baysal, Kelley Julian, Douglas Sborov, Amandeep Godara, Brian McClune, Jens G Lohr, Gliceida Galarza Fortuna, Ghulam Rehman Mohyuddin","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the emergence of several new staging and risk stratification systems in myeloma, we have explored the evolution of these frameworks-past, present, and future. We examine how staging systems have evolved over time, the strengths of current models, and the limitations that future research can address to further improve prognostication.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First line atezolizumab/bevacizumab or durvalumab/tremelimumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a real world, multi-center retrospective study.","authors":"Ioannis Kournoutas, Paulina Marell, Jennifer Gile, Anina Peersen, Priyanshi Shah, Kyle VanDommelen, Suneel D Kamath, Garima Gupta, Mehmet Akce, Ju Dong Yang, Pin-Jung Chen, Nikolas Naleid, Amit Mahipal, Nicole Peterson, Vaibhav Sahai, Wen Wee Ma, Zhaohui Jin, Thorvardur Halfdanarson, Lionel Fonkoua Kankeu, Leslie A Washburn, Caitlin B Conboy, Michael Torbenson, Ajit Goenka, Scott Thompson, Sudhakar K Venkatesh, Patrick Starlinger, Lewis Roberts, Gregory J Gores, Hani Babiker, Daniel Ahn, Mitesh Borad, Tanios Bekaii-Saab, Aminah Jatoi, Robert R McWilliams, Fang-Shu Ou, Nguyen H Tran","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) is a leading cause of cancer death. FDA-approved first-line systemic therapies include atezolizumab/bevacizumab (atezo/bev) and durvalumab/tremelimumab (durva/treme); however, there is a lack of comparative data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed outcomes of patients with uHCC who initiated atezo/bev or durva/treme between 2017 and 2024, across six institutions. Overall survival (OS) and time to treatment discontinuation (TTD) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox models, adjusting for baseline characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>452 uHCC pts were included. Median age: 68 years; 77% male; 81% white. Most common etiologies were viral hepatitis (38.9%) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (19.5%). Disease progression was the primary reason for treatment discontinuation, atezo/bev (56%) and durva/treme (42%). Outcomes were not statistically significant (median OS [month, m]: 14.0 vs. 14.6 [p = 0.66]; median TTD [m]: 4.9 vs. 3.9 [p = 0.42] for atezo/bev vs. durva/treme). Outcomes were significantly different between Child-Pugh classes (CP: A, B7, B8/9, C) respectively, median OS(m): 19.0, 6.1, 5.1, 2.0 (p < 0.001); median TTD(m): 6.1, 2.3, 3.0, 1.3 (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this real-world study of uHCC, no significant difference in clinical outcomes was observed between atezo/bev and durva/treme in the first line setting. CP scores were a key prognostic variable with both regimens.</p><p><strong>Implications for practice: </strong>This study offers real-world comparative data on two first line regimens in uHCC. As multiple first-line regimen combinations emerge, assessment of differences in efficacy, safety, and patient selection outside of clinical trials remain an unmet need. These findings may help guide treatment decisions, particularly in settings where toxicity, comorbidities, or resource constraints influence regimen choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large language model processing capabilities of ChatGPT 4.0 to generate molecular tumor board recommendations-a critical evaluation on real world data.","authors":"Maximilian Schmutz, Sebastian Sommer, Julia Sander, David Graumann, Johannes Raffler, Iñaki Soto-Rey, Seyedmostafa Sheikhalishahi, Lisa Schmidt, Leonhard Paul Unkelbach, Levent Ortak, Tina Schaller, Sebastian Dintner, Kathrin Hildebrand, Michaela Kuhlen, Frank Jordan, Martin Trepel, Christian Hinske, Rainer Claus","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT 4.0 hold promise for enhancing clinical decision-making in precision oncology, particularly within molecular tumor boards (MTBs). This study assesses ChatGPT 4.0's performance in generating therapy recommendations for complex real-world cancer cases compared to expert human MTB (hMTB) teams.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 20 anonymized MTB cases from the Comprehensive Cancer Center Augsburg (CCCA), covering breast cancer (n = 3), glioblastoma (n = 3), colorectal cancer (n = 2), and rare tumors. ChatGPT 4.0 recommendations were evaluated against hMTB outputs using metrics including recommendation type (therapeutic/diagnostic), information density (IDM), consistency, quality (level of evidence [LoE]), and efficiency. Each case was prompted thrice to evaluate variability (Fleiss' Kappa).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT 4.0 generated more therapeutic recommendations per case than hMTB (median 3 vs. 1, p = 0.005), with comparable diagnostic suggestions (median 1 vs. 2, p = 0.501). Therapeutic scope from ChatGPT 4.0 included off-label and clinical trial options. IDM scores indicated similar content depth between ChatGPT 4.0 (median 0.67) and hMTB (median 0.75; p = 0.084). Moderate consistency was observed across replicate runs (median Fleiss' Kappa=0.51). ChatGPT 4.0 occasionally utilized lower-level or preclinical evidence more frequently (p = 0.0019). Efficiency favored ChatGPT 4.0 significantly (median 15.2 vs. 34.7 minutes; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Incorporating ChatGPT 4.0 into MTB workflows enhances efficiency and provides relevant recommendations, especially in guideline-supported cases. However, variability in evidence prioritization highlights the need for ongoing human oversight. A hybrid approach, integrating human expertise with LLM support, may optimize precision oncology decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the interpretation of real-world quality of life in patients with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer enrolled in the POLARIS study.","authors":"Gabrielle Rocque, Joanne L Blum, Yan Ji, Timothy Pluard, John Migas, Shailendra Lakhanpal, Erin Jepsen, Eric Gauthier, Yao Wang, Monica Z Montelongo, Joseph C Cappelleri, Connie Chen, Meghan S Karuturi, Debu Tripathy","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this study, we aimed to enhance and contextualize the interpretation of patient-reported scores on global health status (GHS) and quality of life (QoL) from the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire into more meaningful terms using data from POLARIS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Proportions of patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced/metastatic breast cancer (ABC/mBC) treated with palbociclib plus endocrine therapy with \"favorable\" (numeric scores 5 - 7) and \"unfavorable\" (numeric scores ≤ 4) responses were determined at baseline and months 6, 12, and 18.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between January 2017 and January 2023, 1250 patients were enrolled and received ≥ 1 palbociclib dose. EORTC QLQ-C30 GHS/QoL domain completion rates were 93.4%, 66.5%, 49.5%, and 42.3% at baseline and months 6, 12, and 18, respectively. For Question 29 (GHS), the proportion of patients with a favorable response significantly increased by ∼13% to 69.3% by month 6, which was maintained at month 12 (68.6%) and month 18 (70.0%). For Question 30 (QoL), the proportion of patients with a favorable response significantly increased by ∼9% to 74.5% by month 6, which was maintained at month 12 (75.0%) and month 18 (73.4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proportions of patients with HR+/HER2- ABC/mBC indicating a favorable response on GHS and QoL questions of the EORTC QLQ-C30 increased early on after the start of palbociclib treatment and were preserved through month 18 across the overall study population and most evaluated subgroups. This simple interpretation of GHS and QoL scores is intended to enhance their meaning to benefit patients and other stakeholders.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>NCT03280303; registered September 12, 2017.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating Tumor DNA detection in cancer: a comprehensive overview of current detection methods and prospects.","authors":"Ana Regina de Abreu, Ayla Wyninckx, Timon Vandamme, Ken Op de Beeck, Guy Van Camp, Marc Peeters, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Julien Taieb, Valerie Taly, Leonor Benhaim","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf204","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complete oveview of ctDNA detection methods.The analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a major minimally invasive biomarker in oncology. Numerous methods exist for ctDNA detection and should be selected based on the specific oncological context. PCR-based methods are often preferred for their sensitivity and cost-effectiveness; however, they are limited to a narrower range of genes. In contrast, NGS-based methods enable comprehensive cancer genotyping and more efficient identification of actionable mutations. Moreover, the growing number of emerging approaches, such as third--generation sequencing and fragmentomics, highlights the increasing technical complexity of ctDNA detection. Overall, this review provides insights into the advantages and limitations of various detection strategies that can help improve clinical care for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of peritoneal metastasis following minimally invasive colectomy for locally advanced colon cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Robert Connor Chick, Samantha M Ruff, Ryan Heslin, Matthew R Porembka, Patricio M Polanco, Alex C Kim","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf218","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Locally advanced (T4) colon cancer is a significant risk factor for peritoneal metastasis (PM). Although laparoscopic colectomy (LC) is considered oncologically safe, the risk of PM in patients with T4 disease undergoing LC remains unclear. Prior systematic reviews demonstrated equivalent overall survival between LC and open colectomy (OC). However, comparison of LC and OC for peritoneal recurrence is lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, identified 247 abstracts, of which 46 full texts were reviewed. Studies including both LC and OC that reported peritoneal recurrence were included. Case reports and conference abstracts were excluded. Pooled effect size for proportion of, and hazard ratio (HR) for, peritoneal recurrence were calculated using a random-effects model with inverse variance weighting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies met inclusion criteria. All were retrospective cohort studies; most considered \"conversion to open\" as laparoscopic procedures. Pooled odds ratio was 1.61 (P = .011, I2 = 0.62), and HR was 1.24 (P < .001, I2 = 0.10) for developing peritoneal metastases. Risk of bias was assessed as low or moderate for all studies. Quality of evidence was low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Laparoscopic colectomy is associated with an increased risk of peritoneal recurrence compared with open colectomy for T4 colon cancer. Although selection bias in these nonrandomized studies should favor laparoscopic surgery, LC was associated with an increased risk of peritoneal recurrence. LC should be approached with caution for cT4 colon cancer. Strategies to mitigate the risk of peritoneal recurrence in T4 colon cancer, such as neoadjuvant chemotherapy or adjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy, should be further explored in prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12445660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy outcomes between tarlatamab and real-world physicians' choice of therapies for previously treated extensive stage small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Jessie Wang, Gautam Sajeev, Xinglei Chai, Rumbidzai Takundwa, Franziska Dirnberger, Xerxes Pundole, Malaika Pastel, Hongbo Yang, Umit Tapan","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf256","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tarlatamab, a bispecific T-cell engager immunotherapy, showed durable response with promising survival outcomes in patients with previously treated small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in the phase 2 DeLLphi-301 study. Given the lack of a comparator in DeLLphi-301, this analysis aimed to evaluate the relative efficacy of tarlatamab against physicians' choice of therapies in real-world practice.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This analysis compared the outcomes of patients in DeLLphi-301 who received tarlatamab 10 mg (n = 97) with patients in real-world cancer clinics captured in the Flatiron Health database who received third or later-line comparator therapies for SCLC (n = 184). Propensity score weighting was used to adjust for differences in key prognostic factors between cohorts. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), time to treatment discontinuation (TTD), time to next treatment or death (TTNTD), and objective response rate (ORR) were compared after weighting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tarlatamab was associated with significantly longer OS, PFS, TTD, and TTNTD, and higher ORR vs comparator therapies. After weighting, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) of tarlatamab vs comparator therapies were 0.45 (0.30, 0.68) for OS, 0.61 (0.43, 0.90) for PFS, 0.57 (0.39, 0.84) for TTD, and 0.45 (0.30, 0.66) for TTNTD. The odds ratio for ORR was 2.80 (95% CI, 1.44, 5.83).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings suggest that tarlatamab offers potential clinical benefits relative to comparator treatments. This analysis underscores the potential of tarlatamab to become a new therapeutic option for previously treated SCLC, a disease that has historically been associated with extremely poor outcomes and limited treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12459094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144979159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}