Oncologist最新文献

{"title":"Triage performance of DNA methylation for women with high-risk human papillomavirus infection.","authors":"Linghua Kong, Xiaoping Xiao, Huanwen Wu, Yan You, Xitong Jin, Yuligh Liou, Pei Liu, Jinghe Lang, Lei Li","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae324","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>DNA methylation is a promising biomarker for cervical cancer screening. This study aimed to validate the triage performance of cytological DNA methylation for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) in women with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection from a large prospective cohort undergoing opportunistic screening in China (METHY3).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The triage performance for detecting CIN3+ lesions was compared between HPV16/18 genotyping, a liquid-based cytology (LBC) test, and the PAX1 and JAM3 methylation (PAX1m/JAM3m) test according to cervical pathologic outcomes. Among the 4394 women infected with hrHPV, 1105 had definitive cervical histological findings that were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For detecting CIN3+, the specificity of HPV16/18(+), the LBC result of ≥atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), and PAX1m/JAM3m(+) was 66.4%, 23.9%, and 89.6%, respectively, with odds ratios of 4.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.85-6.40), 4.44 (2.27-10.1), and 18.5 (12.1-28.7) (P < .001), respectively. PAX1m/JAM3m(+) had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.790, 95% CI, 0.747-0.832) in the whole cohort and in women of various ages. PAX1m/JAM3m (+) was detected in all patients with cancer (n = 28). Compared with HPV16/18 genotyping and the LBC test, PAX1m/JAM3m testing reduced referrals to colposcopy by 20.64 percentage points and 61.18 percentage points, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PAX1 m /JAM3 m testing is highly specific for detecting CIN3+. As a triage biomarker, it is superior to HPV 16/18 genotyping and LBC testing for women with hrHPV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare resource utilization and associated cost in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated in the immunotherapy era.","authors":"Lior Apter, Sarah Sharman Moser, Sivan Gazit, Gabriel Chodick, Moshe Hoshen, Dan Greenberg, Nava Siegelmann-Danieli","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae240","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Treatment approach for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) has revolutionized in the recent decade with the introduction of immunotherapy and targeted medications in first-line (1L) therapy. We present real-world data on clinical outcomes and direct healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and cost in a 2.7-million-member Israeli health provider.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Newly diagnosed mNSCLC patients between January 2017 and December 2020 were categorized by 1L treatment: platinum-based chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. HCRU and costs were calculated based on the Ministry of Health Prices and were assessed at a minimum of 6 months' follow-up (cutoff: 30 June 2021).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 886 patients were included in the study: 40.6% female, median age 68 years (IQR 61-74), 24.3% never smokers, 80.6% with adenocarcinoma, and 54% with a 0-1 performance status. The median follow-up was 27.12 months (95% CI, 24.7-29.6) and the median duration of first-line (1L) treatment was 2.3 months for platinum-based chemotherapy (n = 177), 12.3 months for targeted therapy (n = 255), and 4.8 months for immunotherapy (n = 463). The median overall survival was 9.09, 27.68, and 12.46 months, respectively. Total 1L costs were driven by radiotherapy for platinum-based chemotherapy and medication for targeted therapy or immunotherapy. Total costs for deceased patients over the entire follow-up were €121 155, €129 458, and €110 716, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The treatment of mNSCLC carries a high economic burden, primarily driven by first-line therapy, especially with targeted and immune therapies. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of innovative treatments on the disease management costs of mNSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting RAF1 gene fusions with MEK inhibition in metastatic melanoma.","authors":"Karam Khaddour, Rizwan Haq, Elizabeth I Buchbinder, David Liu, Michael P Manos, Patrick A Ott, F Stephen Hodi, Megan L Insco","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae297","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biological and clinical relevance of gene fusions in melanoma is unknown. Reports and preclinical data have suggested that tumor cells with specific rearrangements such as RAF1 gene fusions could be therapeutically targeted. To investigate the relevance of targeted therapy in patients with melanoma harboring RAF1 gene fusions, we reviewed records of 1268 melanoma patients with targeted sequencing data at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. We identified 9 cases and report here on their clinicopathologic characteristics. We describe the favorable outcome of 2 patients who received MEK inhibitor therapy, including 1 patient with a durable response. We coalesced our data with published reports of patients with RAF1 gene fusions who were treated with targeted therapy. We find that single-agent MEK inhibition has anti-tumor activity in melanoma patients harboring an RAF1 gene fusion, and we propose that patients with RAF1 gene fusions should be considered for single-agent MEK inhibitor therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phase I/II trial of avelumab combinations with ivuxolimab, utomilumab, and radiation therapy in patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies.","authors":"Jibran Ahmed, Anne Knisely, Carlos Torrado, Bettzy Stephen, Yali Yang, Juhee Song, Anas Alshawa, Abdulrazzak Zarifa, Anuja Jhingran, Eugene J Koay, Van Karlyle Morris, Milind Javle, Robert A Wolff, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Shubham Pant, Jordi Rodon, Aung Naing","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Checkpoint agonists utomilumab (4-1BB agonist) and ivuxolimab (OX40 agonist) enhance Teffector cell function. Preclinical studies suggest that combining these drugs with avelumab (anti-PD-L1 antibody) can potentially synergize this effect. In addition, tissue abscopal effects of radiation therapy may improve antigen presentation, complementing PD-L1 blockade. We conducted a single institution, open-label, multi-arm, non-randomized, phase 1/2 clinical trial of avelumab in combination with ivuxolimab, with or without utomilumab, and radiation therapy in patients with advanced solid tumors. Herein, we present a subgroup analysis in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) tumors (pancreatic, colon, gastric, and hepatocellular).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The primary objectives of this study were to assess safety, tolerability, and dose-limiting toxicities. The secondary objectives were to evaluate efficacy including response rate, progression free survival (PFS), as determined by immune-related Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (irRECIST) and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one patients with pancreatic (n = 21), colorectal (n = 8), hepatocellular (n = 1), and gastric (n = 1) cancers were included in this study. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were chills (13%), diarrhea (10%), colitis (10%), fatigue (6%), and fever (6%). There were 3 instances of grade 3 diarrhea and colitis (10%) without any other grade ≥ 3 TRAEs Among the 24 patients evaluable for response, 9 (37.5%) had immune-related stable disease (irSD) and 14 (58.3%) had immune-related progressive disease (irPD). One patient had clinical progression without radiological confirmation. The median PFS was 2 months. Median OS was 5.6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining avelumab with co-stimulatory checkpoint agonists produces modest activity without added safety concerns in patients with advanced GI malignancies (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03217747).</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11942784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of talazoparib plus enzalutamide and other first-line treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.","authors":"Elena Castro, Jenna Ellis, Samantha Craigie, Anja Haltner, Jonathan Nazari, Alexander Niyazov, Imtiaz A Samjoo","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae237","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Talazoparib plus enzalutamide (TALA + ENZA) has demonstrated antitumor activity in the phase 3 clinical trial (TALAPRO-2; NCT03395197) as first-line (1L) therapy in men with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Although many active interventions are available, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving talazoparib have only been conducted to assess its efficacy and safety compared to enzalutamide. To estimate comparisons between all relevant interventions, indirect comparisons are needed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the comparative efficacy and safety of TALA + ENZA in 1L patients with mCRPC by conducting a systematic literature review and network meta-analyses (NMAs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Databases were searched using Ovid, along with several gray literature sources to identify RCTs evaluating treatments in 1L mCRPC (PROSPERO registration: CRD42021283512). Feasibility assessment evaluated trial suitability for NMA inclusion and Bayesian or frequentist NMAs were conducted for evaluable efficacy and safety outcomes, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three RCTs met the eligibility criteria and were feasible for NMAs. Across multiple efficacy outcomes assessed, except for overall survival (OS), TALA + ENZA was ranked the most efficacious treatment. For OS, TALA + ENZA showed the second-highest probability of being the most effective treatment; second to docetaxel 50 mg plus prednisolone 10 mg. With respect to safety outcomes, TALA + ENZA, in general, showed increased rates of hematological adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TALA + ENZA showed favorable results across multiple efficacy endpoints, but not across hematological toxicities compared with other 1L treatments in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic mCRPC in the all-comers patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer after failure of platinum and nivolumab: a multicenter retrospective study.","authors":"Takane Watanabe, Hiroki Oka, Kengo Nagashima, Hideaki Nishi, Yoshihiko Kumai, Hiroaki Iijima, Kenji Okami, Yasushi Shimizu, Satoshi Kano, Kazue Ito, Tomoko Yamazaki, Hideaki Takahashi, Nobuhiko Oridate, Tomoya Yokota, Taiji Koyama, Naomi Kiyota, Yasuyoshi Sato, Shunji Takahashi, Kyoko Kato, Shigenori Kadowaki, Yoshitaka Honma","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Platinum and anti-PD-1 antibodies are the front-line systemic therapy for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (RM-HNSCC). However, limited data are available on clinical outcomes and appropriate regimens for patients with RM-HNSCC following treatment failure with these agents.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with RM-HNSCC from 10 Japanese institutions in whom platinum and nivolumab treatment failed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 480 patients included in the study, 236 were treated with the best supportive care and had a median overall survival of 3.1 months. The remaining 244 patients received salvage-line chemotherapy, which was paclitaxel + cetuximab in 72 (30%), paclitaxel or docetaxel in 89 (36%), and tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil in 48 (20%); the respective objective response rates were 54.9%, 27.9%, and 25.5%, with median progression-free survival of 5.4 months and median overall survival of 13.0 months. Multivariable analysis identified disease stabilization or response on prior nivolumab and paclitaxel + cetuximab as salvage-line chemotherapy to be associated with encouraging progression-free and overall survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study sheds light on clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with RM-HNSCC after failure of platinum and anti-PD-1 antibody therapy. The findings provide essential baseline data for future therapeutic development in salvage-line settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging molecular testing paradigms in non-small cell lung cancer management-current perspectives and recommendations.","authors":"Frédérique Penault-Llorca, Mark A Socinski","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae357","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in molecular testing and precision oncology have transformed the clinical management of lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer, enhancing diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. Practical guidelines offer insights into selecting appropriate biomarkers and assays, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive testing. However, real-world data reveal the underutilization of biomarker testing and consequently targeted therapies. Molecular testing often occurs late in diagnosis or not at all in clinical practice, leading to delayed or inadequate treatment. Enhancing precision requires adherence to best practices by all health care professionals involved, which can ultimately improve lung cancer patient outcomes. The future of precision oncology for lung cancer will likely involve a more personalized approach, starting increasingly from earlier disease settings, with novel and more complex targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and combination regimens, and relying on liquid biopsies, muti-detection advanced genomic technologies and data integration, with artificial intelligence as a central orchestrator. This review presents the currently known actionable mutations in lung cancer and new upcoming ones that are likely to enter clinical practice soon and provides an overview of established and emerging concepts in testing methodologies. Challenges are discussed and best practice recommendations are made that are relevant today, will continue to be relevant in the future, and are likely to be relevant for other cancer types too.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic disparities in gastrointestinal oncology research: a focus on trial availability in Italy.","authors":"Maurizio Polignano, Nicola Carella, Ornella Rotolo, Natalino Vena, Vincenza Lorusso, Giuseppe Dalfino, Gianluigi Giannelli","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal cancers pose a significant global health burden, bearing as they do high incidence and mortality rates. Clinical trials in oncology offer numerous advantages as helping to develop new treatments and improve existing ones, leading to better patient outcomes, providing patients with access to cutting-edge therapies that might not otherwise be available and enhancing our understanding of cancer biology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed active interventional clinical trials in Italy in the field of gastrointestinal neoplasms in the period March 1, 2020 and March 1, 2024, by a search on the \"clincaltrials.gov\" database. The search yielded 103 studies active in Italy. For each study, the Centers in Italy at which they are active were extracted. Studies resulted active in a total of 630 locations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data analysis, by a kernel smoothing for probability density estimation, reveals a pronounced clustering of trials in Northern and Central Italy, while the Southern regions and islands exhibit lower trial availability, highlighting disparities in patient access. The mean number of clinical trials per 100 000 inhabitants was calculated. We found that Northern regions show a much higher concentration compared with the Southern regions and islands (North-east 0.92 CTs/100 000 inhabitants vs Islands 0.53 CTs/100 000 inhabitants).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The uneven distribution does not only limit treatment options for patients in less accessible areas but also raises concerns about the representativeness of trial data. This study underscores the need for targeted strategies to enhance trial accessibility, including decentralized trial models and national databases, to ensure equitable patient participation across Italy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11950913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot survey into the landscape of neuro-oncology care in the community.","authors":"Christine Lu-Emerson, Sajeel Chowdhary, Rupesh Kotecha, Akanksha Sharma, Yazmin Odia, Brian Vaillant, Charles Redfern, Aaron Mammoser, Kent Shih, Santosh Kesari, Richard Peterson, Bret Friday, W Jeffery Edenfield, Sebastian Koga, James Snyder, Jerry Jaboin, Isaac Melguizo-Gavilanes, Melissa McCabe, Michael Humeniuk, Prakash Ambady, Erin Dunbar","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The complexities of the field of neuro-oncology require multidisciplinary collaboration in order to deliver contemporary comprehensive care. There is increasing awareness that much of neuro-oncology care occurs in the community setting. In 2022, the Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) created the Community Neuro-Oncology Committee (CNO) in an inaugural attempt to formally acknowledge community neuro-oncology practitioners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 19 question survey was developed by SNO-CNO to gather initial data on the current landscape of neuro-oncology care in the community. The survey was distributed via the SNO newsletter and email blasts as well as through partnerships with multiple advocacy groups. Results were analyzed and tabulated through R2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 112 responses from providers in the United States and Canada. Most providers were physicians and represented multiple disciplines including neurology, neuro-oncology, medical oncology, neurosurgery, and radiation oncology. Sixty-four (57%) described themselves as neuro-oncology-focused. Eighty-eight (79%) reported access to neuro-oncology tumor boards. Sixty-eight (73%) stated they had access to molecular tumor boards. Most respondents felt that they were adequately supported to manage neuro-oncology patients. When dividing responses based on a neuro-oncology-focused practice compared to a less neuro-oncology-focused practice, there were significant differences between access to molecular tumors boards (85% vs 63%, P = .023) and access to clinical trials (98% vs 82%, P = .022).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This qualitative and quantitative hypothesis-generating data is the start of understanding the challenges faced by community neuro-oncology providers. These results will guide future studies and recommendations aimed toward better supporting them and their patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing immunotherapy and corticosteroids in cancer treatment: dilemma or paradox?","authors":"Alessandro Ottaiano, Mariachiara Santorsola, Maurizio Capuozzo, Stefania Scala","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Corticosteroids are widely used to prevent and treat chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) due to their pleiotropic biological effects. However, concerns have been raised about their immunosuppressive properties when combined with immunotherapy. Specifically, their potential impact on the efficacy of immunotherapy, mainly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), remains a subject of debate. This manuscript discusses the mechanisms by which corticosteroids mitigate CINV, the challenges associated with their concurrent use with immunotherapy, and emerging therapeutic strategies evaluating dexamethasone-free regimens. A careful balance must be struck in corticosteroid use to effectively manage CINV while optimizing the outcomes of immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}