Oncologist最新文献

{"title":"Clinical characteristics of Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis-like reactions induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.","authors":"Ziliang Zheng, Zhu Shen","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf143","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated significant therapeutic benefits but are also associated with skin-related adverse reactions. The specific characteristics of severe adverse reactions caused by ICIs remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the disease characteristics of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)-like reactions induced by ICIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cases of ICI-induced SJS/TEN were collected from PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, with a search time span ranging from March 2011 to January 31, 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 110 cases of SJS, TEN, and overlapping SJS/TEN were analyzed, with a male predominance (62%). Mucous membrane involvement was observed in 71 patients (66%), though less frequently than in classic SJS/TEN. The mean latency period was 64 days, varying by subtype (105 days for SJS and 53 days for TEN). Combination therapy with ICIs was associated with a higher mortality risk (P = .029). Deceased patients exhibited shorter latency periods (mean 30.3 days) and more severe mucosal involvement (up to 100%), although the differences were not statistically significant. Systemic glucocorticoid therapy was the cornerstone of treatment for SJS/TEN-like reactions. The addition of immunoglobulin showed a trend toward improved outcomes but did not significantly affect mortality or cure rates compared to glucocorticoid monotherapy. The combination of systemic glucocorticoids and antibiotics demonstrated a promising trend, with a higher proportion of patients in the improvement/cure group using this regimen (P = .085).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study summarizes the clinical characteristics of ICI-induced SJS/TEN-like reactions, providing insights into their features and potential treatment strategies for severe skin-related adverse events induced by ICIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of retreatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors after severe immune-related adverse events.","authors":"Kazuyuki Mizuno, Takanori Ito, Tsunaki Sawada, Tomoko Kobayashi, Shintaro Iwama, Shoichiro Mori, Tetsunari Hase, Yuki Fukami, Kenji Furusawa, Yoshimitsu Yura, Ryota Morimoto, Ai Fujita Sajiki, Hiroaki Ushida, Noritoshi Kato, Shoichi Maruyama, Toyoaki Murohara, Masahisa Katsuno, Makoto Ishii, Masashi Akiyama, Hiroshi Arima, Hiroki Kawashima, Yuichi Ando","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf120","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, they can trigger severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The safety and efficacy of ICI retreatment after severe irAEs remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 1271 patients with malignancies treated with ICIs at a university hospital in Japan between September 2014 and June 2023. We evaluated the incidence and characteristics of severe irAEs, defined as grade ≥3, and the safety and efficacy of ICI retreatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Severe irAEs occurred in 222 patients (17.5%). Patients with single endocrinopathies were excluded, and 46 (28.4%) of the remaining 162 patients underwent ICI retreatment. Upon retreatment, 14 patients (30.4%) experienced recurrent or new grade ≥2 irAEs. One patient who experienced hepatotoxicity (grade 3) at initial ICI treatment developed a recurrence (grade 4). Regarding antitumor response, the objective response rate to retreatment was 28.3% (13/46), with 10.9% achieving complete and 17.4% partial response. The median duration of ICI administration after retreatment was 218 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 84-399). At 1 year after retreatment, 15.4% (95% CI: 6.8-27.4) of patients discontinued due to irAEs, 44.4% (95% CI: 29.7-58.1) due to disease progression, 6.6% (95% CI: 1.7-16.3) completed planned treatment, and 33.4% (95% CI: 20.3-47.2) continued treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ICI retreatment after severe irAEs demonstrated a manageable safety profile and promising efficacy, even in patients with grade ≥3 irAEs. ICI retreatment may be a viable option for patients with limited alternatives, particularly those showing favorable antitumor responses at initial treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization plus lenvatinib for patients with HCC with MVI after resection: a multicenter retrospective study.","authors":"Yu-Chao Hou, Jin-Kai Feng, Kang Wang, Zhen-Bang Lou, Qian Wei, Xu Wang, Ying-Jue Tang, Zong-Han Liu, Yan-Jun Xiang, Fei-Fei Mao, Lin Gong, Shu-Qun Cheng","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf139","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a critical prognostic factor affecting long-term survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite its clinical significance, the optimal postoperative adjuvant therapy for HCC patients with MVI remains undefined. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (PA-TACE) combined with lenvatinib vs PA-TACE alone in HCC patients with MVI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive HCC patients with MVI who underwent curative-intent resection followed by either PA-TACE alone or PA-TACE plus lenvatinib between 2018 and 2022. To ensure comparability, baseline characteristics were balanced using 1:1 propensity-score matching (PSM). The study outcomes, overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), were compared between the two treatment groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 192 patients, with 106 in the PA-TACE alone group and 86 in the PA-TACE plus lenvatinib group. After PSM, 66 matched pairs were analyzed. The median OS and RFS in the PA-TACE plus lenvatinib group were significantly longer than those in the PA-TACE alone group (43.6 months vs 24.0 months, P = 0.015; and 19.6 months vs 10.2 months, P = 0.025, respectively). Multivariable analysis confirmed that PA-TACE plus lenvatinib was an independent protective factor for both OS and RFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of PA-TACE and lenvatinib significantly improves survival outcomes in HCC patients with MVI following curative liver resection compared to PA-TACE alone. These findings suggest that this combined approach may be a more effective adjuvant therapy for this high-risk patient population. Further studies are necessary to validate these results and establish clinical guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12160817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of chemotherapy abandonment in Ethiopia: a nested case-control study.","authors":"Tigist Birie, Muluken Gizaw, Edom Seife, Nigussie Assefa Kassaw, Yared Tilahun, Adamu Addissie, Eva J Kantelhardt, Sefonias Getachew","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf076","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in women worldwide. Systemic treatment can improve survival considerably. Breast cancer patients in many African countries face challenges during treatment and often abandon the recommended cycles of chemotherapy. Therefore, this study aims to describe the magnitude of abandonment and its determinants at 4 tertiary hospitals in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institution-based, nested case-control study was conducted. Initially, a cohort of patients with histologically diagnosed stage I-III breast cancer from 2019 to 2020 were reviewed. Then, a total of 400 patients (200 cases and 200 controls) were selected by simple random sampling from the medical log book. The data was collected from patients' charts and with a structured telephone interview-based questionnaire. The bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to find the independent determinants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1740 patients, 329 (18.9%) abandoned chemotherapy. The identified determinants for chemotherapy abandonment were stage III versus stage I/II adjusted odds ratio (AOR = 2.2, confidence interval (CI): 1.2-3.7), more financial constraints (AOR = 2.1, CI: 1.1-3.8), self-assertion of being healthy (AOR = 3.4, CI: 1.2-9.7), more expectations about side effects (AOR = 8.4, CI: 1.6-44.3), more intolerability of side effects (AOR = 2.0, CI: 1.2-3.5), initiating chemotherapy during COVID 19 (AOR = 3.0, CI: 1.7-5.2), and more fear of dependence on therapy (AOR = 7.8, CI: 4.4-13.9).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nearly one-fifth of patients who started chemotherapy eventually abandoned their treatment. This means that patients experienced physical and financial toxicity as well as the efforts of health workers, but no treatment benefit. To avoid this, physicians need to closely follow the patients and explain the need to complete all chemotherapy cycles and treat side effects to avoid treatment abandonment with impaired survival. Additionally, attention must be paid to improving patient follow-up care during pandemics like COVID-19 and subsidizing therapy to ensure accessibility. Moreover, attention should be given to improving the subsidization of therapy and ensuring accessibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regorafenib plus modified gemcitabine-oxaliplatin in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. The randomized phase Ib/II BREGO study.","authors":"Jean-Frédéric Blanc, Mohamed Bouattour, Ludovic Gauthier, Emmanuel Deshayes, Sophie Guillemard, Yann Touchefeu, Fabienne Portales, Christophe Borg, Lobna Harguem, Rosine Guimbaud, Laurent Mineur, Marc Ychou, Thibault Mazard, Eric Assenat","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf080","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>New therapeutic options are needed for biliary tract cancer (BTC). Regorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, shows promise in refractory digestive cancers and may be beneficial with conventional chemotherapy for BTC.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The BREGO study evaluated regorafenib with modified gemcitabine-oxaliplatin (mGEMOX) in advanced or metastatic BTC. Phase I determined the recommended dose (RP2D) of regorafenib (80, 120 or 160 mg, days 1-14) combined with mGEMOX (gemcitabine 900 mg.m-2 IV, 30 min, followed by oxaliplatin 80mg.m-2 IV, 120 min, days 1 and 8). Phase II randomized (1:2) patients to mGEMOX alone (arm A) or mGEMOX + regorafenib (arm B, RP2D, days 1-14), assessing efficacy and safety, with the primary outcome being progression-free survival (PFS). Metabolic tumor features and response were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In phase Ib, 22 patients were enrolled; in phase II, 66 patients (arm A, n = 24; arm B, n = 42). Four dose-limiting toxicities were observed, but no maximum tolerated dose was reached. The RP2D was 160 mg.d-1. Median PFS (7.2 vs7.8 months; P = .825) and overall survival (15.1 vs 13.5 months; P = .356) were similar between arms. However, posttreatment 18F-FDG tumor uptake (SULpeak) significantly correlated with PFS (P = .001) and OS (P = .016). Baseline plasma stanniocalcin 1 levels < 265 pg.mL-1 were associated with longer PFS (P = .030) and OS (P = .060) in both arms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combining regorafenib and mGEMOX is feasible as first-line treatment for BTC but did not increase PFS as expected in the phase II cohort. Identifying new biomarkers can help target patients with advanced BTCs who may benefit from regorafenib-associated therapy.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02386397.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12204757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of regorafenib plus biweekly trifluridine/tipiracil for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a multicenter single-arm phase II trial.","authors":"Xiangling Wang, Zhen Li, Dan Sha, Haipeng Ren, Cuihua Yi, Shuguang Li, Peng Wang, Yunxia Chu, Changlun Li, Guanglian Shan, Jian Wang, Xiaorong Yang, Jing Hao","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf129","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both regorafenib and trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) monotherapies have shown significant but limited survival benefits in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) cases who progress after standard treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of regorafenib plus biweekly TAS-102 in refractory mCRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-arm multicenter phase II trial (ChiCTR2300071752), eligible patients received regorafenib at 120 mg/day for 21 days in a 4-week cycle or were treated with a dose-escalation strategy (80 mg/day, followed by weekly increase of 40 mg to 120 mg/day). TAS-102 was administered biweekly (30 mg/m2 bid on days 1-5). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included safety, response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between March 1, 2022 and December 1, 2023, 28 patients were enrolled. Totally 24 patients had at least one response evaluation. Median PFS and OS were 4.9 months (95% CI, 4.2-5.6) and 15.4 months (95% CI, 11.1-19.7). The ORR was 8.3% and the DCR was 83.3%. Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 21.4% of patients, including hypertension (7.1%), neutropenia (7.1%), thrombocytopenia (3.6%), and hoarseness (3.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regorafenib plus biweekly TAS-102 showed promising benefits in refractory mCRC cases, and adverse events were generally tolerable and manageable.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>(ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: ChiCTR2300071752. IRB Approved: KYLL-202203-026-1.).</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12200236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advancements in double-expressor lymphoma: novel therapeutic approaches and prospects.","authors":"Yuejian Zhuo, Dongdong Zhang","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf085","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Double-expressor lymphoma (DEL) is a newly identified special subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which is predominantly found in the activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype of DLBCL. Characterized by concurrent overexpression of BCL2 and MYC, DEL is associated with poorer prognosis. Standard chemoimmunotherapy can achieve clinical cure in nearly 70% of DLBCL cases. DEL mainly presents with intermediate-to-high-risk international prognostic index scores, advanced stage at diagnosis, and may involve specific chromosomal rearrangements, mainly influencing older patients. These factors are interconnected and contribute to less favorable treatment outcomes. We review emerging drugs and clinical trial data potentially effective against DEL, formulating treatment recommendations based on evidence levels to provide a theoretical foundation for the clinical treatment of DEL.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12200234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognostic and predictive value of homologous recombination deficiency in gastrointestinal cancer.","authors":"Beibei Jiang, Yile Shang, Xiang Zhang, Wenguang He, Hanju Hua, Feng Ye, Xile Zhou, Yandong Li, Weixiang Zhong, Weiqin Jiang, Guosheng Wu","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf141","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The homologous recombination (HR) system repairs DNA double-strand breaks produced by the DNA damage response, which is a complex signaling pathway consisting of the key proteins BRCA1/2 and other DNA repair proteins, such as the ATM, PALB2, BARD1, RAD51, and Fanconi anemia proteins. Mutations and epigenetic alterations in HR-related genes may lead to homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), resulting in genomic instability and contributing to the development of certain solid tumors. The biological significance and molecular mechanism of BRCA1/2 mutation-related HRD are well understood, but the relationships of other HR-related genes and their variant forms with HRD have not been sufficiently studied. These genes exhibit multiple forms of variation, including one or more HR genes, germline or somatic mutations, monoallelic or biallelic variants, and not all variants present HRD. Therefore, HRD is usually defined as HR-related gene variation, but recent studies have shown that defining it as the combined score of loss of heterozygosity, LST and TAI, known as the HRD score, can more accurately assess genomic instability. In patients with HRD, platinum-based therapy and poly ADP-ribose polymerase enzyme inhibitor (PARPi) have been shown to perform well in ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers. For gastrointestinal cancer (GI cancer), HRD has been relatively well studied in pancreatic cancer, but its role in other cancers has rarely been reported. Herein, we review the pathogenesis and predictive value of HRD, including the use of platinum drugs, PARPi, and immunotherapy, in digestive system tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between tumor growth rate and survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with trastuzumab deruxtecan.","authors":"Philip He, Dhiraj Gambhire, Haiming Zhou, Xiaoyang Ma, Yoshihiro Emura, Abderrahmane Laadem, David Leung, Susan Bates, Antonio Tito Fojo, Olivier Rixe","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyaf057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyaf057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies in multiple metastatic tumors treated with diverse anticancer agents including immunotherapy, chemotherapy, mAb, and TKIs have suggested the rate of tumor growth (g-score) is inversely associated with survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) treated with trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), or chemotherapy to investigate the impact of those therapies on g-score and explore the association of g-score with clinical outcomes. This is the first report assessing g-score in tumors treated with an ADC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We investigated the association of g-score with progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in 2 phase 3 studies in patients with HER2 + mBC (DESTINY-Breast03 (DB-03)) and HER2-low mBC (DESTINY-Breast04 (DB-04)). After grouping patients according to quartiles of g-scores, we explored the association between g-score and PFS/OS using Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox regression models. The median g-score was higher for T-DM1, suggesting a faster growth rate at 0.0009/day vs that for T-DXd at 0.0002/day (P < .0001). Additionally, with data collection stopped at the time of database lock, 23% and 48% of tumors demonstrated only regression without growth in the T-DM1 and T-DXd arms, respectively. In DB-04, median g was 0.0018/day and 0.0006/day (P < .0001); with 17% and 32% of tumors demonstrating only regression with treatment of physician's choice (TPC) and T-DXd, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to T-DM1 and TPC therapies, T-DXd significantly reduced the rate of tumor growth in the overall population and across subgroups. In both studies, the tumor growth rate was inversely associated with PFS and OS. In addition, it showed improved concordance with survival compared to ORR. The use of tumor growth rate as an intermediate endpoint may potentially accelerate drug development and reduce a patient's exposure to agents with limited or no activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of 2 different fibroblast growth factor receptor-inhibitors in a patient with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma harboring an FGFR2 mutation: a case report.","authors":"Ilianna Galli-Vareia, Petr Szturz, Ioannis A Voutsadakis, Nicolas Villard, Georgia Tsoumakidou, Mapi Fleury, Gabriela Herrera, Francois Fasquelle, Sebastien Godat, Antonia Digklia","doi":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae294","DOIUrl":"10.1093/oncolo/oyae294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a type of cancer with few effective systemic therapies. Elucidation of the molecular landscape of the disease from genomic studies based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) has contributed to the introduction of new targeted therapies. One of these treatments consists of a class of small molecules that target members of the fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. We report here on a patient with a cholangiocarcinoma bearing an FGFR2 mutation. The patient was treated with 2 different FGFR inhibitors, as the first caused ocular toxicity. She obtained clinical benefits from both. This case illustrates the efficacy of FGFR inhibitors on cholangiocarcinoma with specific point mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54686,"journal":{"name":"Oncologist","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}