Ornithological Monographs最新文献_第7页

Effects of Brown-Headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) Removal on Black-Capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla) Nest Success and Population Growth at Fort Hood, Texas 德克萨斯州胡德堡褐头牛鹂(Molothrus ater)清除对黑冠鸟(Vireo atricapilla)巢成功和种群增长的影响

Ornithological Monographs Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/40166812

Richard M. Kostecke, Scott G. Summers, Gilbert H. Eckrich, D. Cimprich

{"title":"Effects of Brown-Headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) Removal on Black-Capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla) Nest Success and Population Growth at Fort Hood, Texas","authors":"Richard M. Kostecke, Scott G. Summers, Gilbert H. Eckrich, D. Cimprich","doi":"10.2307/40166812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/40166812","url":null,"abstract":"In 1988 at Fort Hood, Texas, after high parasitism (up to 91%) of the endangered Black-capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla) by Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) and associated low nest success (<5%), a cowbird control program was implemented. We review and re-assess data related to that program and provide an update on control efforts. Initial control efforts were beneficial but limited. With onset of more intensive control efforts in 1991, parasitism fell below 20%, and Black-capped Vireo nest success rose above 20%. Number of Blackcapped Vireo pairs within three study areas at Fort Hood also increased over time. Parasitism and Black-capped Vireo nest success varied with management (i.e. different combinations of trapping, shooting, and cattle grazing) across regions of Fort Hood, but generally decreased and increased, respectively, over time. Because removal techniques were applied simultaneously, it is difficult to determine the magnitude of effect that individual techniques had on parasitism and Black-capped Vireo nest success. A reduction in cattle stocking rate on the East Range of Fort Hood appeared to reduce parasitism during 1997-1998. However, an earlier cattle removal on West Fort Hood had no apparent effect on parasitism. We attribute reductions in parasitism on West Fort Hood primarily to shooting, because trapping efforts there have been minimal. Fort Hood currently meets both local and regional recovery goals for the Blackcapped Vireo. We attribute success in meeting those goals primarily to cowbird control. Resumen. En 1988 en Fort Hood, Texas luego de detectar un alto parasitismo (mas del 91%) de Vireo atricapilla por parte de Molothrus ater asociado a un bajo exito de nidificacion (<5%), se aplico un programa de control de Molothus ater. Aqui revisamos y reevaluamos los datos relativos a aquel programa y proveemos una actualization sobre la eficacia del control. La eficacia de control inicial fue benefica pero limitada. Con el inicio de esfuerzos de control mas intensos en 1991, el parasitismo cayo por debajo del 20%, y el exito de nidificacion de Vireo atricapilla se elevo a mas del 20 %. El numero de parejas de Vireo atricapilla en tres sitios de estudio dentro de Fort Hood tambien se incremento a lo largo del tiempo. Tanto el parasitismo como el exito de nidificacion de Vireo atricapilla variaron con el tipo de manejo (e.j. diferentes combinaciones de trampeo, caza con armas de fuego, y pastoreo de ganado) entre regiones de Fort Hood. En general, el parasitismo disminuyo y el exito de nidificacion se incremento a lo largo del tiempo. Debido a que las tecnicas de remocion de Molothrus ater fueron aplicadas simultaneamente, es dificil determinar la magnitud del efecto individual de cada una sobre las tasas de parasitismo y el exito de nidificacion de Vireo. atricapilla. Una reduction en la carga ganadera en el rango este de Fort Hood aparentemente redujo el parasitismo durante 1997-1998. Sin embargo, una remocion de ganado mas","PeriodicalId":54665,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Monographs","volume":"1 1","pages":"28-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/40166812","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69654559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

Conservation Solutions for Threatened and Endangered Cowbird (Molothrus spp.) Hosts: Separating Fact from Fiction 受威胁和濒危牛鹂(Molothrus spp.)宿主的保护解决方案:区分事实与虚构

Ornithological Monographs Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/40166817

S. I. Rothstein, B. D. Peer

引用次数: 54

ERNST MAYR'S BIOGEOGRAPHY: A LIFETIME OF STUDY 恩斯特·迈尔的生物地理学:一生的研究

Ornithological Monographs Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/40587710

F. Vuilleumier

{"title":"ERNST MAYR'S BIOGEOGRAPHY: A LIFETIME OF STUDY","authors":"F. Vuilleumier","doi":"10.2307/40587710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/40587710","url":null,"abstract":"For 75 years, from his 1926 Ph.D. dissertation on the range expansion of the Serin (Serinus serinus) in Europe, to 2001, when he and Jared Diamond published the 492-page book The Birds of Northern Melanesia: Speciation, Ecology, and Biogeography, Ernst Mayr was interested in, thought about, and published on biogeography in general, and biogeography of birds in particular. Evolutionary biologists probably think that Mayr's most substantial contributions to 20th-century biology are (1) his views on species and speciation, as expounded in Systematics and the Origin of Species (Mayr 1942) and Animal Species and Evolution (Mayr 1963); (2) his ideas on evolution in general, as expressed in What Evolution Is (Mayr 2001); and (3) his understanding of the entire field of biology, which he reviewed in This is Biology (Mayr 1997). For their part, historians of science are likely to consider The Growth of Biological Thought (Mayr 1982) his masterpiece. Biogeographers and ornithologists, however, will add that another of Mayr's original and long-lasting contributions to biological thought consists of his many publications on biogeography, a field that fascinated him as much as, or even more than, systematics and evolution. Mayr's interests in biogeography have encompassed all the topics that are still current today in this field, such as continental drift and plate tectonics, geographic barriers, colonization, disjunctions, dispersal, ecological displacement, endemism, extinction, faunal buildup and decay, faunal elements, forest refuges, range expansion, and turnover. This is a remarkably broad range of subjects and, even more remarkably, he contributed original ideas to each of them. Here, Mayr's contributions to biogeography are reviewed through an analysis of his most important publications in this field. Resumen.Durante 75 anos, desde 1926 cuando publico su tesis doctoral sobre la expansion del rango de distribucion de Serinus serinus en Europa, hasta 2001 cuando conjuntamente con Jared Diamond publico el libro de 492 paginas, Las Aves del Norte de Melanesia: Especiacion, Ecologia y Biogeografia (\"The Birds of Northern Melanesia: Speciation, Ecology, and Biogeography\"), Ernst Mayr ha estado interesado en, y ha publicado trabajos sobre biogeografia en general, y particularmente sobre biogeografia de aves. Es probable que los biologos evolutivos opinen que las contribuciones mas substanciales de Mayr al pensamiento biologico del siglo XX, fueron (1) sus ideas sobre especies y especiacion, las cuales fueron expuestas en Sistematica y el Origen de las Especies (\"Systematics and the Origin of Species\", Mayr 1942) y en Especies Animales y Evolucion (\"Animal Species and Evolution\", Mayr 1963); (2) su pensamiento sobre evolucion en general, expresado en Que es Evolucion (\"What Evolution Is\", Mayr 2001); y (3) su comprension de todos los campos de la biologia, la cual demostro en Esto es Biologia (\"This is Biology\", Mayr 1997). Los historiadores de la ciencia, po","PeriodicalId":54665,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Monographs","volume":"1 1","pages":"58-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/40587710","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68638925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Ecology and Management of Shiny Cowbirds (Molothrus bonariensis) and Endangered Yellow-Shouldered Blackbirds (Agelaius xanthomus) in Puerto Rico 波多黎各闪亮牛鹂(Molothrus bonariensis)和濒危黄肩黑鹂(Agelaius xanthomus)的生态学和管理

Ornithological Monographs Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/40166813

A. Cruz, Ricardo López-Ortiz, Eduardo A. Ventosa-Febles, J. Wiley, Tammie K. Nakamura, K. Ramos-Álvarez, W. Post

{"title":"Ecology and Management of Shiny Cowbirds (Molothrus bonariensis) and Endangered Yellow-Shouldered Blackbirds (Agelaius xanthomus) in Puerto Rico","authors":"A. Cruz, Ricardo López-Ortiz, Eduardo A. Ventosa-Febles, J. Wiley, Tammie K. Nakamura, K. Ramos-Álvarez, W. Post","doi":"10.2307/40166813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/40166813","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, the Shiny Cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis; hereafter \"cowbird\") was confined to South America, Trinidad, and Tobago. Within the past century, cowbirds have expanded their range into the West Indies, bringing them into contact with avian communities that have never experienced brood parasitism. Because of their small populations, high degree of isolation, and lack of experience with cowbirds, West Indian birds are at greater risk of harm from cowbird contact than mainland birds. Cowbird parasitism was the single most important factor in the reduced reproductive output of the endangered Yellow-shouldered Blackbird (Agelaius xanthomus; hereafter \"blackbird\"), a Puerto Rican endemic. Roost counts estimated that the blackbird population declined in southwestern Puerto Rico from 1,663 individuals (1974-1975) to 266 (1981-1982). Cowbird trapping in upland areas near blackbird nesting areas in mangroves and cowbird feeding areas has proved successful in managing cowbirds and increasing blackbird populations. Removal of cowbird eggs and nestlings from artificial nesting structures has resulted in fewer parasitized blackbird nests. As a result of those measures, cowbird parasitism of blackbirds has fallen from 95% (1973-1983) to <3% (2000-2003) and, judging from roost counts in 2004, the blackbird population has increased to 800 individuals in southwestern Puerto Rico. Cowbird management programs have excellent potential to reduce the adverse effects of cowbird parasitism; however, trapping within nesting areas is not recommended, because it may increase *he probability of capturing and stressing breeding blackbirds. Resumen.Historicamente, Molothrus bonariensis estaba confinado a Sudamerica, Trinidad, y Tobago. A lo largo del siglo pasado, Molothrus bonariensis ha expandido su area a las Indias Orientales, lo que los ha puesto en contacto con comunidades de aves que nunca antes habian experimentado el parasitismo de cria. Debido a su pequeno tamano poblacional, alto grado de aislamiento, y falta de experiencia previa con Molothrus, las aves de las Indias Orientales estan en un mayor riesgo de dano causado por los tordos que las especies continentales. El parasitismo por el Molothrus bonariensis fue el unico y mas importante factor responsable de la reduccion del exito reproductivo de Agelaius xanthomus, una especie en peligro endemica de Puerto Rico. Mediante conteos en dormideros se estimo que la poblacion Agelaius xanthomus disminuyo en el sudeste de Puerto Rico de 1,663 individuos (1974-1975) a 266 (1981-1982). El trampeo Molothrus bonariensis en zonas altas cercanas a las areas de nidificacion de Agelais xanthomus, zonas de manglares y areas de alimentation de M. bonariensis demostro ser exitoso en manejar a los M. bonariensis e incrementar las poblaciones de A. xanthomus. La remocion de huevos y pichones de M. bonariensis de las estructuras de nidificacion artificiales se tradujo en un menor numero de nidos de A. xanthomus parasitados. C","PeriodicalId":54665,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Monographs","volume":"1 1","pages":"38-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/40166813","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69654607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

ERNST MAYR-BIBLIOGRAPHY 恩斯特MAYR-BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ornithological Monographs Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/40587711

J. Haffer

引用次数: 5

Population dynamics of the California Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis): a meta-analysis 加州斑点猫头鹰(Strix occidentalis occidentalis)种群动态:荟萃分析

Ornithological Monographs Pub Date : 2004-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/40166799

A. Franklin, R. J. Gutiérrez, J. Nichols, M. Seamans, G. White, Guthrie S. Zimmerman, J. Hines, Thomas E. Munton, William S. Lahaye, Jennifer A. Blakesley, G. Steger, B. Noon, D. Shaw, J. Keane, T. Mcdonald, Susan Britting

引用次数: 116

Evolution of Flightlessness in Rails (Gruiformes: Rallidae): Phylogenetic, Ecomorphological, and Ontogenetic Perspectives Rails (Gruiformes: Rallidae)的无飞行进化:系统发育，生态形态学和个体发育的观点

Ornithological Monographs Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/40168337

B. Livezey

引用次数: 76

Emerging Themes and Questions in the Study of Avian Reproductive Tactics 鸟类繁殖策略研究中的新主题和问题

Ornithological Monographs Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/40166716

N. Burley, P. Parker

{"title":"Emerging Themes and Questions in the Study of Avian Reproductive Tactics","authors":"N. Burley, P. Parker","doi":"10.2307/40166716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/40166716","url":null,"abstract":"Many researchers have explored the ramifications of the idea that extra-pair copulation (EPC) is a male reproductive tactic to obtain parentage while avoiding parental investment since this concept was advanced by Trivers in 1972. Consortship between males and their fertile mates has been interpreted almost exclusively in terms of mate guarding by males. Females have been thought to benefit little, if at all, from extra-pair activities. This mindset has persisted and influences our interpretation of patterns of reproductive success revealed by molecular markers. Here we briefly trace the historical development of this line of reasoning and the newer, contrasting view well represented in this volume that females as well as males have EPC tactics. We identify specific contributions made by authors in this volume, contrast their approaches, and discuss the implications of their results for the understanding of avian mating systems and the role of sexual selection in avian social evolution. Finally, we illustrate the richness of this collection of papers by expanding on key points. This volume had its origins in a symposium on \"Avian Tactics for Extra-Pair Mating\" organized by Patty Parker at the request of Thomas C. Grubb for the 1995 AOU meeting in Cincinnati, Ohio. Cognizant of the increasing number of substantial data sets showing that rates of extra-pair fertilization (EPF) are commonly much higher than was expected even a few years previously, Patty invited participants with such data sets, fully expecting to find that patterns of EPF would be interpreted in a variety of ways. What emerged in the symposium, however, was a clear and compelling empirical consensus: acquisition of multiple genetic mates is a female reproductive tactic in avian species having a diversity of social mating systems (monogamy, polygyny, promiscuity) and social organizations (cooperative breeders, territorial species, gregarious and colonial species). This consensus is reinforced by several recent papers (e.g., Gowaty and Bridges 1991; Kempenaers et al. 1992; Lifjeld and Robertson 1992; Wagner 1992; Burley et al. 1994, 1996; Lifjeld et al. 1994; Stutchbury et al. 1994). This idea provides a sharp contrast to the prevailing view, briefly discussed below as well as by several contributors to this volume (Johnson and Burley, Chapter 2; Ketterson et al., Chapter 4; Stutchbury and Neudorf, Chapter 5), that selection on males is the","PeriodicalId":54665,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Monographs","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/40166716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69652512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Mating Tactics and Mating Systems of Birds 鸟类的交配策略和交配系统

Ornithological Monographs Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/40166717

K. Johnson, N. Burley

引用次数: 52

Intraspecific Variation in Extra-Pair Behavior of Red-Winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) 红翅黑鹂非配对行为的种内变异

Ornithological Monographs Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/40166718

E. M. Gray

引用次数: 14