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Neonatal Critical Care: Looking Toward the Future. 新生儿重症监护：展望未来。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Pediatric Annals Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20260730-01
Jennifer L Fang, Mark W Kaczor, Whitney S Thompson, Christopher A Collura
{"title":"Neonatal Critical Care: Looking Toward the Future.","authors":"Jennifer L Fang, Mark W Kaczor, Whitney S Thompson, Christopher A Collura","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20260730-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20260730-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Telemedicine, rapid genomic sequencing (rGS), artificial intelligence (AI), and emerging interventions at the limits of viability are reshaping neonatal critical care and transforming the future of neonatology. Telemedicine is expanding neonatal expertise beyond tertiary centers, improving access and continuity of care through prenatal consultation, tele-resuscitation, virtual rounds, and home monitoring. Advances in rGS are shifting neonatal diagnostics toward earlier, precision-based identification of genetic disease, enabling more individualized treatment and prognostication. AI applications in the neonatal intensive care unit are demonstrating promise in early disease detection, imaging interpretation, predictive analytics, and clinical decision support, with the potential to improve outcomes while reducing clinical burdens. Neonatology continues to consider ethical challenges at the limits of viability. The potential for artificial womb technology raises complex questions regarding fetal status, viability thresholds, and the future implications of ectogenesis prompting the urgent need for evolving ethical frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"55 10","pages":"e412-e417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Outcomes Across the Lifespan After Preterm Birth: An Overview for Primary Care Clinicians. 早产后整个生命周期的结局：初级保健临床医生的概述。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Pediatric Annals Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20260730-05
Jane E Brumbaugh, Susan R Hintz
{"title":"Outcomes Across the Lifespan After Preterm Birth: An Overview for Primary Care Clinicians.","authors":"Jane E Brumbaugh, Susan R Hintz","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20260730-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/19382359-20260730-05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Birth before 32 weeks' gestation, once associated with early mortality, now is commonly associated with long-term survival. Following discharge from the neonatal intensive care setting, the medical home transitions to the primary care setting. As such, primary care clinicians should be empowered with up-to-date knowledge of the spectrum of outcomes experienced by children born prematurely. This review highlights growth, pulmonary, developmental, and neurosensory outcomes in infancy and toddlerhood. For later childhood, neurological outcomes broaden to include behavioral, psychiatric, academic, and executive function outcomes. For adolescence and young adulthood, respiratory, cardiovascular, and mental health outcomes are highlighted to inform transition of care planning. The primary care clinician is encouraged to take a strengths-based approach that incorporates both surveillance for disease and promotion of healthy behaviors to optimize lifelong outcomes of individuals born preterm.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"55 10","pages":"e406-e411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preterm Neonatal Nutrition: Evolution Over the Course of 50 Years and Contemporary Challenges. 早产儿营养：50年来的演变和当代的挑战。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Pediatric Annals Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20260730-06
Kathryn E Richards, Tyler K Hartman
{"title":"Preterm Neonatal Nutrition: Evolution Over the Course of 50 Years and Contemporary Challenges.","authors":"Kathryn E Richards, Tyler K Hartman","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20260730-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/19382359-20260730-06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in neonatal nutrition have markedly improved preterm survival, but achieving optimal growth and neurodevelopment remain a challenge. Modern fluid guidelines favor individualized, weight-guided fluid management based on gestational age, shifting away from historic liberal strategies to avoid patent ductus arteriosus and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Inadequate intake causes extrauterine growth restriction, negatively impacting neurodevelopment and long-term cardiometabolic risks. Human milk strongly reduces NEC risk but requires fortification to meet these high protein and mineral targets safely. Lipids supply critical fatty acids for brain development. Carbohydrates are the primary immediate energy substrate, and both macronutrients require careful titration to prevent complications, such as hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia. High calcium and phosphorus intake are critical to prevent metabolic bone disease. Since unfortified milk is insufficient, targeted fortification guided by alkaline phosphatase monitoring is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"55 10","pages":"e399-e405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human Trafficking and Exploitation in Pediatric Acute Care: Recognition, Communication, and Response. 儿童急症护理中的人口贩卖和剥削：识别、沟通和反应。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Pediatric Annals Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20260730-04
Weerapong Lilitwat
{"title":"Human Trafficking and Exploitation in Pediatric Acute Care: Recognition, Communication, and Response.","authors":"Weerapong Lilitwat","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20260730-04","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20260730-04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human trafficking and exploitation of children are recognized pediatric public health concerns. Children and adolescents who experience trafficking may present to pediatric acute care settings with injuries, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy concerns, malnutrition, substance use, chronic pain, behavioral health crises, delayed care, or non-specific somatic symptoms. Disclosure is uncommon, and clinical recognition depends on awareness of risk factors, careful observation, trauma-informed communication, and clear response pathways. Pediatric clinicians should avoid relying on stereotypes or expecting patients to self-identify as trafficked. Instead, clinicians can use developmentally appropriate and nonjudgmental questions, ensure privacy when safe, use professional interpreters, and involve multidisciplinary partners. This article provides a practical approach for pediatric clinicians in emergency department, urgent care, hospital, inpatient settings, and outpatient clinics to recognize possible trafficking, communicate safely, avoid common pitfalls, and connect children with appropriate protection and support.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"55 10","pages":"e418-e422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Toxicology 101: Identification and Initial Management of Common Accidental Ingestions. 毒理学101：常见意外摄入的识别和初步处理。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Pediatric Annals Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20260915-02
David Hong
{"title":"Toxicology 101: Identification and Initial Management of Common Accidental Ingestions.","authors":"David Hong","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20260915-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20260915-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the exploring child, the world is their oyster. While this world may be largely contained to their home, there is an abundance of potential dangers when it comes to an orally sensory seeking and curious child. Accidental ingestions comprise a wide array of possible agents. These include medications such as over-the-counter analgesics to prescription opioids, objects such as button batteries or coins, and toxins including cleaning supplies and laundry detergent. The pediatric clinician is an invaluable resource for providing anticipatory guidance and in emergent cases, should readily be prepared to provide the phone number to poison control, be able to recognize important toxidromes, and understand the appropriate initial assessment of a suspected ingestion, whether foreign body or accidental toxic ingestion.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"55 10","pages":"e378-e382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
History of Neonatal Resuscitation: From Tobacco and Spirits to Telemedicine. 新生儿复苏的历史：从烟草和烈酒到远程医疗。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Pediatric Annals Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20260730-07
Delaney N Wresch, Malinda N Harris, Marc A Ellsworth
{"title":"History of Neonatal Resuscitation: From Tobacco and Spirits to Telemedicine.","authors":"Delaney N Wresch, Malinda N Harris, Marc A Ellsworth","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20260730-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/19382359-20260730-07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review traces the evolution of neonatal resuscitation from ancient practices to modern, evidence-based care. Standardization began with the introduction of the Apgar score in 1953 and expanded with the development of the Neonatal Resuscitation Program in 1987. Over time, key practices have been reevaluated through clinical research. Oxygen use shifted from routine 100% administration to more targeted concentrations, while routine suctioning for meconium-stained amniotic fluid has largely been abandoned. Delayed cord clamping is now recommended for improved neonatal outcomes, and therapeutic hypothermia has become standard care for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. More recently, telemedicine has emerged as a tool to enhance resuscitation quality in resource-limited settings. Together, these advances highlight a transition toward safer, standardized, and increasingly technology-supported neonatal care, with ongoing research continuing to refine best practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"55 10","pages":"e386-e392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolving Breathing Support Strategies in Infants Born Preterm: An Overview for Primary Care Clinicians. 不断发展的早产儿呼吸支持策略：初级保健临床医生的概述。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Pediatric Annals Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20260730-02
Kelsey Coombs, Autumn Kiefer
{"title":"Evolving Breathing Support Strategies in Infants Born Preterm: An Overview for Primary Care Clinicians.","authors":"Kelsey Coombs, Autumn Kiefer","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20260730-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/19382359-20260730-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary care clinicians who provide medical homes for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduates may benefit from an enhanced understanding of new breathing support strategies available in NICUs. Understanding the severity of a patient's respiratory course in the NICU may help anticipate the patient's tolerance of future viral illnesses. Primary care clinicians may also serve as the leaders of neonatal resuscitation teams in referring hospitals. Understanding new equipment options in the delivery room setting and the rationale for these changes can help resuscitation teams adopt new practices. This review highlights recent changes in how and when endotracheal intubation is performed, how surfactant is administered for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), how mechanical ventilation is provided in the hospital setting and occasionally in the home setting via tracheostomy, and how and why noninvasive respiratory support is offered to infants born preterm with active RDS, apnea of prematurity, or ongoing lung growth needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"55 10","pages":"e393-e398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond Avoidance: Omalizumab and the Evolving Care of Pediatric Food Allergy. 超越回避：奥玛单抗和儿科食物过敏的不断发展的护理。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Pediatric Annals Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20260908-02
Lolita Alcocer Alkureishi, Sai R Nimmagadda, Joseph R Hageman
{"title":"Beyond Avoidance: Omalizumab and the Evolving Care of Pediatric Food Allergy.","authors":"Lolita Alcocer Alkureishi, Sai R Nimmagadda, Joseph R Hageman","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20260908-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/19382359-20260908-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"55 10","pages":"e374-e377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neonatology: Past, Present, and Future. 新生儿学：过去，现在和未来。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Pediatric Annals Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20260730-03
Christopher E Colby, Philip R Fischer
{"title":"Neonatology: Past, Present, and Future.","authors":"Christopher E Colby, Philip R Fischer","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20260730-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/19382359-20260730-03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"55 10","pages":"e383-e385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Back-to-School Reads for Children and Adolescents. 儿童和青少年返校读物。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Pediatric Annals Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20260816-02
Tyler K Smith
{"title":"Back-to-School Reads for Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Tyler K Smith","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20260816-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/19382359-20260816-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"55 9","pages":"e328-e329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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