Intersectionality in Youth Who Are Transgender and Gender Diverse.

Abstract

Youth who are transgender and gender diverse (TGD), particularly those who are persons of color, experience significant health disparities driven by intersecting systems of oppression. These include elevated rates of depression, suicidal ideation, substance use, violence, and limited access to gender-affirming care. Minority stress theory and intersectionality help explain how structural stigma, racism, and transphobia interact to intensify poor health outcomes. Youth who are persons of color and TGD often face racism within LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning) spaces, transphobia within their racial or ethnic communities, and discrimination in health care settings. Despite these challenges, many individuals demonstrate resilience through family support, affirming school environments, and strong community connections. Providers have a critical role in reducing disparities by addressing personal biases, creating inclusive care environments, advocating for equitable access, and supporting research that centers the TGD experiences of persons of color. Centering intersectionality in clinical care and policy is essential to improving health outcomes and affirming the dignity of all youth who are TGD.