Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the stiffness isotropy for spatially isotropic Stewart platforms","authors":"Xinbing Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is known that a six-degree-of-freedom (DOF) Stewart platform that has been designed to be spatially isotropic in the central configuration cannot be spatially isotropic in any other configuration. Hence, in order to evaluate the practical usefulness of the mechanism, it is necessary to evaluate the stiffness isotropy around the spatially isotropic configuration in the workspace. One of the most popular methods for assessing the stiffness isotropy is based on the condition number, because parallel robots are spatially isotropic when the condition number of the Cartesian stiffness matrix of the robot is equal to one. However, the methods based on the condition number have several drawbacks, such as the fact that the effect of the middle eigenvalues or middle singular values is not considered. This paper first introduces the calculation steps of the Cartesian stiffness matrix for each configuration of the workspace. Thereafter, three novel methods for evaluating the stiffness isotropy of the Cartesian stiffness matrix in non-spatially isotropic configurations are introduced. Finally, two spatially isotropic variants are selected to verify these three methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 303-314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro shaft turning by electrochemical discharge machining using a sandwich cathode","authors":"Chenxue Wang ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Sasaki ,&nbsp;Atsutoshi Hirao","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional micro shaft turning faces challenges such as short tool life, mechanical stress, deformation, and difficulty in machining complex shapes. This study presents electrochemical discharge turning (ECDT) of the micro copper rod with the diameter of 3 mm. A sandwich laminated electrode is used as the cathode. The high-speed rotating copper rod, mounted on a CNC platform, enables scanning motion. We investigated the effects of electrical parameters and spindle speed on machining performance. Experimental and simulation results show that the sandwich electrode improves shaft shoulder machining precision. Machining speed and surface quality depend on the relative durations of anode electrochemical dissolution (AED) and anode electro-discharge erosion (AEE) phases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 344-357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction model for pre-travel error in on-machine measurement of spherical surfaces in joint bearings using a lever gauge","authors":"Songhua Li ,&nbsp;Chuang Zuo ,&nbsp;Zichen Zhao ,&nbsp;Chi Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On-machine measurement is a critical technology that enhances manufacturing precision and efficiency in the production of spherical surfaces for joint bearings. However, the accuracy of fitting reference ball center coordinates for short arc measurements utilizing a lever gauge remains low. The simple calculation of the distance between reference ball center and the calibration points does not suffice for precise identification of pre-travel error. This limitation significantly compromises the measurement accuracy of spherical surfaces. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel method for establishing and identifying a pre-travel error prediction model specifically for on-machine measurements conducted with a lever gauge. Initially, the mechanical structure of the lever gauge and the principles governing on-machine measurement of spherical surface was analyzed. This analysis focused on mechanism of pre-travel error, considering factors such as motion, contact force, and probe pose. Subsequently, a strategy for selecting calibration points was developed, tailored to the measurement requirements spherical surfaces in joint bearings. The parameters of the pre-travel error prediction model were determined using measurement data from reference ball calibration points, which were collected by the lever gauge at various pre-travel distances. The efficacy of the pre-travel error compensation method was ultimately verified through on-machine measurements of spherical surfaces on reference balls and plain bearings. The results indicate that, pre-travel error compensation significantly reduces the measurement error for spherical surfaces on reference balls to less than 0.7 μm, thereby improving the measurement accuracy by 57.1 %. For spherical surfaces in joint bearings, the measurement error after compensation is decreased to less than 1.4 μm, resulting in an improvement in measurement accuracy of 53.3 %. The compensation results show that the proposed prediction model for pre-travel error can improve the on-machine measurement accuracy considerably.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 278-289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on plastic and brittle characteristic of magnesium aluminum spinel in ultra-precision grinding","authors":"Peng Gu ,&nbsp;Yunxiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Chenchen Sun ,&nbsp;Zhongjin Luo ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhuoqi Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnesium aluminate spinel is utilized in aerospace, optics, and electronics due to its optical properties, strength, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance. Ultra-precision grinding delivers superior surface finishing, optimal for hard and brittle substances. Surface quality after ultra-precision grinding affects optical performance significantly. In this paper, the material removal mechanism of magnesium aluminate spinel is investigated. A comprehensive method for evaluating the three-dimensional surface after ultra-precision grinding is proposed, which clearly describes the distribution of surface states. Surface error indicators are suggested for the plasticity and brittleness domain of ground surfaces. Additionally, three-dimensional surface analysis of magnesium aluminate spinel after ultra-precision grinding is performed utilizing Fourier transform. The optimized ultra-precision grinding process parameters by the firefly algorithm are obtained as <em>n</em>_<em>s</em> = 20200 r·min⁻¹, <em>v</em>_<em>w</em> = 1.2 mm min⁻¹, <em>a</em>_<em>p</em> = 1.5 μm. The mid-frequency surface roughness is 0.015 μm, and the profile height is 0.23 μm. This research achieves an optimal balance between grinding efficiency and surface quality, offering guidelines for the grinding processes for other brittle and hard materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 358-375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the effect of dispersed phase particle functional groups on the polishing performance of shear-thickening polishing slurry","authors":"Xu Wang ,&nbsp;Xuanda Shao ,&nbsp;Kaiyao Zhou ,&nbsp;Luguang Guo ,&nbsp;Jiahuan Wang ,&nbsp;Hongyu Chen ,&nbsp;Binghai Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper compares three types of dispersed phases—Phosphate Ester-Bis-Polyhydroxy Polymers, Hydroxypropyl-Bis-Polyhydroxy Phosphate Esters, and General Polyhydroxy Polymer—all of which are produced in large quantities on an industrial scale. The effect of different dispersed phase functional groups on Shear Thickening Polishing performance was investigated. Rheological properties were measured for Shear Thickening Fluids with various dispersed phase configurations, revealing that dispersed phases with hydroxypropyl functional groups exhibited superior rheological properties. The differences in viscosity among the experimental groups were explained using double stacking theory and particle size distribution, derived from the volume fraction of suspended particles. Furthermore, in Shear Thickening Polishing Fluid with different dispersed phase configurations, a new mechanism explaining changes in shear thickening behavior was proposed based on the distinct characteristics of the three dispersed phases. Measurements of polishing force and temperature during the polishing process, combined with SEM image comparisons, showed that dispersions containing phosphate functional groups demonstrated superior temperature resistance. Finally, the polishing performance was validated on YAG crystals, concluding that phosphate ester functional groups give the dispersed phase better temperature resistance for long polishing times, while hydroxypropyl functional groups give the dispersed phase better rheological properties for higher demands on polishing precision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 290-302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The parasitic dynamics of shaking force balanced mechanisms; a frequency domain analysis","authors":"J.J. de Jong,&nbsp;S.T. Spanjer,&nbsp;D.M. Brouwer","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.02.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.02.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-speed robots cause oscillating reaction forces and moments at the base frame, inducing disruptive ground vibrations and a loss of accuracy at the end-effector. Under the common assumption of rigid links, dynamic balance may eliminate these shaking forces and moments by adding masses throughout the mechanism. In practice, robot links have a finite stiffness, such that the addition of mass may lead to parasitic dynamics, undesired vibrations and a degradation of controller performance and robot accuracy. This paper shows that this rigid body assumption is insufficient and investigates the influence of the link flexibility on the balance quality and compares it to a common passive vibration isolation solution. For practical illustration and validation, the analysis is conducted on a simplified planar delta robot. Both models and experiments indicate that force balancing results in a 40 dB/dec attenuation of exported vibrations. This effect, however, is limited to a frequency range below the first parasitic eigenfrequency of the mechanism. Performance deteriorates close to and beyond this frequency. Furthermore, introducing mass into the system lowers the eigenfrequencies, thereby compromising the robot’s controller bandwidth and dynamic performance. Alternatively, it is demonstrated that a partial balancing solution accomplishes an 80 % shaking force reduction without the loss of controller bandwidth, paving the way for high-speed robots that do not disrupt adjacent high-precision machinery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 191-203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of laser micro-texturing MJF 3D printed polymers on surface properties and mechanical strength of adhesive joints","authors":"Tomasz Wojdat","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of laser micro-texturing of the surface of PA12 polyamide samples manufactured using the Multi Jet Fusion (MJF) additive method in terms of their surface properties and mechanical strength of adhesive joints was presented in the article. The study identifies a correlation between the surface structure of printed samples and laser processing parameters that enhance adhesion mechanisms during bonding. The results demonstrate that an optimized surface topography enables the creation of durable, high-strength adhesive joints. A grid-type texture with groove depths in the range of 150–200 μm allows for a nearly 50 % increase in the surface free energy (SFE) of the prints. It was shown that laser micro-processing allows for obtaining adhesive joints with high shear strength, exceeding 40 MPa, which is more than twice as much as compared to the reference joints in the as-printed state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 236-250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of high-quality polarized grating arrays based on glass surfaces by vibration-assisted nanoimprinting","authors":"Yan Gu ,&nbsp;Hongwei Yao ,&nbsp;Jieqiong Lin ,&nbsp;Yingao Xue ,&nbsp;Silin Liu ,&nbsp;Yuan Xi ,&nbsp;Tianyu Gao ,&nbsp;Xinyang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study proposes a method of fabricating polarized gratings using piezoelectric-driven vibration-assisted nanoimprinting, aiming to address the challenges associated with high production costs and lengthy fabrication periods in the optical field. The influence of grating surface material and period on polarized efficiency is analyzed through FDTD. Additionally, the impact of vibration frequency and amplitude on the filling rate is examined. The incorporation of one-dimensional transverse vibration characterized by high frequency and low amplitude during the nanoimprinting process can effectively mitigate resistance encountered in the filling stage, enhance the surface quality of polarized gratings, and optimize photoresist infiltration within the template. The vibration parameters suitable for the vibration-assisted nanoimprint method are determined experimentally and under these parameters, the grating's filling rate is enhanced by 11 %. Finally, it is verified by scanning electron microscopy that the polarized gratings prepared through the vibration-assisted nanoimprinting method have good surface morphology, clear diffracted spots under light source irradiation, and good polarization performance. This study demonstrates that vibration-assisted nanoimprinting has unique cost-effectiveness, and the surface properties of the prepared polarized gratings are great, which provides a new method for the preparation of polarized gratings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 159-174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic precision matching method of optical measurement data for blade profile quality detection","authors":"Maoyue Li,&nbsp;Baiying Sha,&nbsp;Zelong Liu,&nbsp;Hongyu Lv,&nbsp;Yuanqiang Su","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blades are key components in aviation engines, determining energy conversion efficiency, operational safety, and lifespan. During the precision machining, assembly, and maintenance stages of damaged blades, three-dimensional measurements are necessary to accurately guide related process flows. To precisely measure various surface quality errors on blades, a measurement reference standard is usually introduced when aligning measurement data with CAD models. However, the complexity of thin-walled blades and significant noise interference makes it challenging to accurately locate optical measurement data. This paper proposes an automatic method for matching blade optical measurement data with CAD models, allowing for precise alignment of actual blade measurement data with their theoretical CAD models. To achieve this, the method prioritizes matching the tenon surface data based on structural features in the point cloud data. Firstly, a point feature descriptor is developed for the quick and automatic retrieval of tenon points from the blade point cloud. Secondly, a new sample consensus pose estimation technique is introduced. This method imposes constraints on the maximum distance from the normal vectors during the compatibility sorting process, facilitating the generation of more reasonable hypotheses. Through rigorous hypothesis verification, the optimal rotation and translation matrices are determined. Finally, experimental results on actual measurement data and simulated datasets demonstrate that the proposed matching method achieves high accuracy and efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 204-217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of surface roughness in single-point diamond turning by combining machine tool internal signals and deep learning method","authors":"Genshen Liu ,&nbsp;Kaiyang Xia ,&nbsp;Zhongwei Li ,&nbsp;Yuan-Liu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.02.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.precisioneng.2025.02.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a novel surface roughness prediction model for the single-point diamond turning (SPDT) process which takes into account the relative vibration between the cutting tool and workpiece as well as the material swelling effect. In previous prediction models, the relative vibration between the cutting tool and the workpiece (or the relative tool-work vibration) was commonly measured prior to the machining operation and simplified into a superposition of multiple steady simple harmonic motions, neglecting its variations throughout the machining process and resulting in the loss of significant details. Moreover, few models have simultaneously considered the impact of the relative tool-work vibration and material properties, both of which substantially influence surface roughness. In this study, a signal acquisition system is developed to collect the machine tool internal signals that can accurately reflect the varying vibration states during the cutting process. A dynamic volumetric topography simulation model is established to realize in-process surface generation simulation using the collected internal signals. To consider the influence of material properties, a deep Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is built to estimate the changes in surface topography caused by the material swelling effect. Experiments are conducted to validate the proposed surface roughness prediction model, and the results demonstrate that it can stably and accurately predict surface roughness with relative prediction errors lower than 10 % for all test experiments. Moreover, the dynamic characteristic of the model also provides the capability for conducting online quality and anomaly monitoring tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54589,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering-Journal of the International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 113-129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}