Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Alterations in structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging associated with cognitive function in patients with treatment-naïve first-episode major depressive disorder","authors":"Chenyu Liu ,&nbsp;Hehua Li ,&nbsp;Shixuan Feng ,&nbsp;Ziyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Miaolan Huang ,&nbsp;Shisong Lin ,&nbsp;Liangda Zhong ,&nbsp;Dongchang Huang ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Huang ,&nbsp;Kai Wu ,&nbsp;Fengchun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive impairment is a prominent feature in the clinical presentation of major depressive disorder (MDD). Patients with MDD have brain structural and functional abnormalities. However, the association between such abnormalities and cognitive function remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For this research, 105 patients with treatment-naïve first-episode MDD and 53 healthy controls (HCs) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychological assessment. The MRI main indicators included sulcus depth (SD), local gyration index (LGI) and amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF). The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was used for neuropsychological assessment. The support vector machine (SVM) was used to assess the accuracy of the classification.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with the HCs, the patients with MDD had significant decreases in five dimensions of the MCCB, as well as in SD in the left superior temporal sulcus and inferior parietal cortex, but had an increases in LGI in the left precuneus cortex and pericalcarine cortex and ALFF of the left calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex. In addition, the visual learning score (one MCCB dimension) was negatively associated with the SD of the left superior temporal sulcus and positively associated with the ALFF of left calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex. The SVM has a relatively good ability to distinguish patients with MDD and HCs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cognitive impairment in patients with MDD was associated with abnormal an SD and ALFF. These findings help to further understand cognitive impairment in patients with MDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111367"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connectome modeling of discrimination exposure: Impact on your social brain and psychological symptoms","authors":"Xiaobei Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Lisa A. Kilpatrick ,&nbsp;Tien S. Dong ,&nbsp;Gilbert C. Gee ,&nbsp;Hiram Beltran-Sanchez ,&nbsp;May C. Wang ,&nbsp;Allison Vaughan ,&nbsp;Arpana Church","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Discrimination is a social stressor that is associated with adverse health outcomes, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. The fusiform, including the fusiform face area (FFA) plays a critical role in face perception especially regarding hostile faces during discrimination exposure; and are key regions involved in social cognition. We compared resting-state spontaneous activity and connectivity of the fusiform and FFA, between 153 individuals (110 women) with high (<em>N</em> = 73) and low (<em>N</em> = 80) levels of discrimination (measured by the Everyday Discrimination Scale) and evaluated the relationships of these brain signatures with psychological outcomes and stress-related neurotransmitters. Discrimination-related group differences showed altered fusiform signal fluctuation dynamics (Hurst exponent) and connectivity. These alterations predicted discrimination experiences and correlated with anxiety, depression, and cognitive difficulties. A molecular architecture analysis using cross-modal spatial correlation of brain signatures and nuclear imaging derived estimates of stress-related neurotransmitters demonstrated overlap between discrimination-related connectivity and dopamine, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and acetylcholine. Discrimination exposure associated with alterations in the fusiform and face processing area may reflect enhanced baseline preparedness and vigilance towards facial stimuli and decreased top-down regulation of potential threats. These brain alterations may contribute to increased vulnerability for the development of mental health symptoms, demonstrating clinical relevance of social cognition in stressful interpersonal relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111366"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal handling enhances behavioural and attentional domains, and frontocortical synaptic maturation in rat models of schizophrenia-like behaviour and anxiety-related responses","authors":"Natalia Peralta-Vallejo ,&nbsp;Toni Cañete ,&nbsp;Daniel Sampedro-Viana ,&nbsp;Pau Güell-Falgueras ,&nbsp;Cristóbal Río-Álamos ,&nbsp;Ignasi Oliveras ,&nbsp;Adolf Tobeña ,&nbsp;Susana Aznar ,&nbsp;Alberto Fernández-Teruel","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Roman inbred rat strains are a neurodevelopmental model, with the Roman High Avoidance (RHA) presenting specific behaviours and frontal cortex (FC) gene expression changes relevant to schizophrenia symptoms. We wanted to assess the potentially positive modulatory and enduring effects of neonatal handling (NH) on the innate traits associated with both the RHA and their counterpart Roman Low Avoidance (RLA). Male rats received NH or were left untreated (controls). Two different age groups were considered: adolescent and adults. The assessment encompassed exploratory behaviour, social behaviour, anxiety-related behaviour (self-grooming), sensorimotor gating (prepulse inhibition; PPI), and the analysis of gene expression associated with synaptic processes, cortical maturation, and neuroplasticity in the FC. In adolescent rats, NH increased novelty exploration and activity, and reduced novelty-induced self-grooming in RLAs, whereas it improved PPI in RHAs. In adult rats, NH increased novelty-induced activity in both strains, reduced self-grooming in RLA rats, and enhanced social interaction and PPI in RHAs. NH produced significant effects on gene expression in adolescent RHA rats. These effects were observed at the presynaptic level by a reduction of <em>Snap25</em> and increases of <em>Cables1</em> and <em>Cdk5</em>, and at the postsynaptic level by increases of <em>Grin2b, Homer1</em> and <em>Nrg1</em>, as well as by a NH-induced enhancement of <em>Bdnf</em>. NH also increased <em>Nrg1</em> and <em>Bdnf</em> expression in adult RLA rats. These findings show for the first time that NH is able to modulate several genetically linked synaptic/neuroplasticity alterations in RHA vs. RLA rats, which are paralleled by NH-induced improvements in novelty exploration, social behaviour and sensorimotor gating (PPI).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111364"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N-3 PUFA supplementation in adulthood modulates diet-induced depressive-like phenotype in female rats","authors":"Maria Adelaide Palmieri ,&nbsp;Lisa Pia Agosti ,&nbsp;Maria Bove ,&nbsp;Vladyslav Sikora ,&nbsp;Martina Santoro ,&nbsp;Paolo Tucci ,&nbsp;Stefania Schiavone ,&nbsp;Luigia Trabace ,&nbsp;Maria Grazia Morgese","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) during development has been linked to increased risk of developing depressive symptoms. The present study assesses the influence of chronic n-3 PUFA supplementation in a rodent model of depressive-like phenotype induced by long-life depletion of n-3 PUFA in the diet. These behavioural and biological consequences already start to become apparent in adolescence and tend to worsen if the n-3 PUFA deficiency is prolonged. Here, we investigated whether the reintroduction of n-3 PUFA at a later stage of development can reverse these alterations. Thus, female Wistar rats, subjected to a diet low in n-3 PUFA since fetal stage, were re-exposed to n-3 PUFA from week 8 of life until week 16. N-3 PUFA enriched diet improved these behavioural and neurochemical deficits by restoring neurotransmitter levels. Levels of nerve growth factor in prefrontal cortex (PFC), brain-derived neurotrophic factor and synaptophysin in PFC and hippocampus were significantly enhanced, suggesting that the n-3 PUFA supplementation promotes synaptic plasticity. However, Amyloid oligomers and Amyloid-beta precursor protein levels were only partially recovered, while improving calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II levels in PFC. Finally, n-3 PUFA replenishment reduced plasma levels of 3-hydroxykynurenine, a pro-oxidant metabolite of the tryptophan/kynurenine pathway, but could not restore serotonin amount nor kynurenine/tryptophan ratio. In conclusion, our data support the hypothesis that the reintroduction of n-3 PUFA at a late phase of development can provide significant benefits to the CNS, although some long-term neurotoxic effects may not be fully reversible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111362"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating the COM-B model into behavioral neuroscience: A framework for understanding animal behavior","authors":"Arpád Dobolyi","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In light of the intricate nature of animal behavior regulation, a theoretical model is proposed, grounded in the COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation – Behavior) framework, which has gained considerable traction in the domain of human behavioral intervention. When extending the COM-B model to behavioral neuroscience, we first discuss the utility of the model in animal research, particularly its capacity to integrate environmental and social factors, and enhance cross-species comparisons, including animal-to-human translations and evolutionary considerations. The subsequent discussion then summarizes the advantages of utilizing the COM-B model in neuroscience are summarized, including the facilitation of a systems-level understanding of behavior and the establishment of a link between neural mechanisms and specific behavioral components. The experimental design for the application of the COM-B model in neuroscience is proposed to elucidate the brain regulatory processes that govern behavior. Finally, three specific examples are provided to illustrate the theoretical considerations, namely feeding and social behavior, and the role of neuromodulators in the control of behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 111346"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multigene overlap analysis of bipolar disorder subtypes and educational attainment","authors":"Jianfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Wanqi Wang ,&nbsp;Yanmin Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Bipolar disorder subtypes (BIP-I and BIP-II) differ in clinical presentation and genetic basis, yet their patterns of genetic association with educational attainment (EA) remain poorly understood. This study investigated the genetic overlap between BIP subtypes and EA, along with their underlying molecular mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for BIP-I (<em>n</em> = 25,060), BIP-II (<em>n</em> = 6781), and EA (<em>n</em> = 765,283), we estimated genetic overlap using bivariate causal mixed models (MiXeR) and identified shared gene loci through the joint false discovery rate (conjFDR) method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MiXeR analysis revealed approximately 7.4 K single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) shared between BIP-I and EA, accounting for 97.4 % of SNPs influencing BIP-I and 56.5 % of those affecting EA. ConjFDR identified 264 loci commonly associated with BIP-I and EA, including 168 novel loci for both traits. Among the 312 lead SNPs at these loci, 219 exhibited consistent effects, while 93 demonstrated opposing effects. In contrast, only two loci were co-associated between BIP-II and EA. Functional annotation and enrichment analyses showed that most loci shared by BIP-I and EA were located in intronic and intergenic regions, with associated genes enriched in processes such as protein binding and nervous system development.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the distinct degrees and patterns of genetic association between BIP subtypes and EA, offering insights into the heterogeneity of BIP and a potential genetic basis for clinical subtyping and personalized treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 111358"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered neurovascular coupling in depression with childhood maltreatment","authors":"Sangni Liu ,&nbsp;Dandan Fan ,&nbsp;Cancan He ,&nbsp;Xinyi Liu ,&nbsp;Haisan Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongxing Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Minggang Yang ,&nbsp;Chunming Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a well-established risk to major depressive disorder (MDD) worldwide. However, most previous research has predominantly examined single imaging modalities, ignoring the potential impact of aberrant couplings between cerebral perfusion and neuronal activity in MDD psychopathology. This study aims to investigate alterations of neurovascular coupling (NVC) in CM-related MDD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study recruited 59 MDD with CM, 36 MDD without CM, 23 healthy controls with CM, and 45 healthy controls without CM. For each participant, NVC was calculated using cerebral blood flow and regional homogeneity. Main and interactive effects were determined using two-way ANCOVA, and correlations between aberrant NVC and clinical measurements were explored via post-hoc partial correlation analyses. Furthermore, support vector machine was applied to assess the diagnostic value of NVC abnormalities in pairwise classifications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>NVC analyses identified significant main effects of MDD in the visual, temporal, sensorimotor, and reward-related areas, alongside notable main effects of CM in sensorimotor areas. In the sensory-motor circuit, including the fusiform area, lateral prefrontal cortex, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and supramarginal gyrus/angular gyrus, MDD × CM interactive effects were observed. These aberrant NVCs correlated with the severity of CM or depression, particularly with physical neglect and cognitive disorder. Importantly, these aberrant NVCs facilitated effective pairwise classifications of CM-related MDD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results underscored the vulnerability of sensory-motor circuit NVC to CM in MDD patients, shedding insights into the psychopathology of MDD and its potential classification implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 111348"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of antipsychotics on prolactin levels in youth with psychiatric disorders: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Shuhei Wada ,&nbsp;Kunihiro Iwamoto ,&nbsp;Akira Yoshimi ,&nbsp;Hirotake Hida ,&nbsp;Shogo Hotta ,&nbsp;Yukihiro Noda ,&nbsp;Masashi Ikeda","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The increasing prescription of antipsychotics for children and adolescents raises concerns regarding abnormal prolactin levels. However, prolactin monitoring is rarely conducted (0.1–10 %), and the prevalence and characteristics of abnormal prolactin levels remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of abnormal prolactin levels and identify the factors influencing serum prolactin levels in pediatric and adolescent patients treated with antipsychotics in a real-world clinical setting.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Nagoya University Hospital and included consecutive 489 patients with psychiatric disorders aged &lt;18 years who underwent serum prolactin monitoring. Because all hospitalized patients were included, sampling bias was minimized. Data on patient demographics, psychiatric diagnoses, medications, and prolactin levels were extracted and analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing serum prolactin levels. Analysis of covariance was used to assess the effects of different antipsychotics on prolactin levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Hyperprolactinemia was observed in 23.0 % of patients treated with antipsychotics, whereas hypoprolactinemia was observed in 13.7 % of patients. Domperidone, sulpiride, and antipsychotics significantly increased prolactin levels. Risperidone, olanzapine, and blonanserin were associated with significantly increased serum prolactin levels, whereas aripiprazole was associated with hypoprolactinemia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Approximately 40 % of pediatric patients treated with antipsychotics exhibited abnormal prolactin levels. Clinicians should routinely monitor prolactin levels and consider prolactin-related side effects when prescribing antipsychotics to children and adolescents. These findings emphasize the importance of tailored antipsychotic therapy to minimize the adverse effects in this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 111349"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sporadic use of classic psychedelics and neuropsychological performance: A cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Simon Reiche ,&nbsp;Tim Hirschfeld ,&nbsp;Anna Lena Gröticke ,&nbsp;Marie Traub ,&nbsp;Nicklas Jakob Hafiz ,&nbsp;Rico Haas ,&nbsp;Lara Sedlaczek ,&nbsp;Linda Ortlieb ,&nbsp;Georg Leistenschneider ,&nbsp;Lukas A. Basedow ,&nbsp;Andrea Lohse ,&nbsp;Felix Bermpohl ,&nbsp;Thomas Günther Riemer ,&nbsp;Tomislav Majić","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Evidence on the neuropsychological consequences of classic psychedelics like psilocybin, LSD, and ayahuasca is conflicting, and little is known about how sporadic use of psychedelics under naturalistic conditions may affect cognitive functioning. Given the growing interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelics and the rise in non-medical use, further exploration into their neuropsychological effects is needed.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional, exploratory study employed a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery to assess cognitive domains such as executive function, memory, attention, and visuospatial abilities among individuals with mild to moderate lifetime use of psychedelics. Analyses compared all users to non-users, moderate users to matched controls, and adjusted dose-response analyses were conducted within the users group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2611 screened individuals, <em>N</em> = 136 participants (84 psychedelic users and 52 controls) were included. Participants were aged 18–50 years. Neuropsychological performance was broadly equivalent between users and controls. However, matched-pair analyses showed that psychedelic users had a modest advantage in executive functions, especially superior performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) (<em>p</em> &lt; .05). Dose-response analyses further corroborated these findings, indicating a positive association between lifetime psychedelic use and performance on the WCST, specifically total errors (<em>p</em> &lt; .001), perseverative responses (<em>p</em> &lt; .001), perseverative errors (<em>p</em> &lt; .001), non-perseverative errors (<em>p</em> = .008), and conceptual level responses (<em>p</em> = .004).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study did not detect any negative associations between sporadic lifetime psychedelic use and cognition. Instead, a moderate association with executive functioning was found, indicating increased cognitive flexibility in users. Dose-response analyses further supported this relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 111353"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the disconnection between cytokine and symptom clusters in clinical high risk populations: Towards a comprehensive cross-dimensional analysis","authors":"TianHong Zhang ,&nbsp;LiHua Xu ,&nbsp;YanYan Wei ,&nbsp;XiaoChen Tang ,&nbsp;MingLiang Ju ,&nbsp;XiaoHua Liu ,&nbsp;Dan Zhang ,&nbsp;HaiChun Liu ,&nbsp;ZiXuan Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Chen ,&nbsp;Jin Gao ,&nbsp;Qiang Hu ,&nbsp;LingYun Zeng ,&nbsp;ZhengHui Yi ,&nbsp;ChunBo Li ,&nbsp;JiJun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Clustering individuals at the Clinical High-Risk(CHR) stage of psychosis often relies on single dimensions, and the independence or overlap of clustering results across different dimensions lacks sufficient evidence. Additionally, it remains unclear whether combining different dimensions—such as biological markers(e.g., cytokines) and symptomatic dimensions—can enhance predictive efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 370 individuals with CHR and conducted a three-year follow-up, 50 CHR individuals transitioned to psychosis. The participants underwent thorough symptom assessments, encompassing both clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments. Baseline measurements of eight cytokines were obtained. Latent Class Analysis(LCA) was employed to construct clusters based on both symptom profiles and cytokine levels separately. Survival analysis was utilized to explore differences in conversion rates among different clusters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The LCA determined the selection of the four-cluster solution for symptoms, cytokines, and the integrated clusters. Symptom-Cluster-2 exhibited the most severe clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments, while Symptom-Cluster-4 displayed the mildest clinical symptoms and cognitive impairments. Cytokine-Cluster-1 was characterized by the highest levels of inflammatory cytokines, excluding vascular endothelial growth factor, whereas Symptom-Cluster-4 exhibited the lowest levels of cytokines. The clusters identified based on symptoms and cytokines showed substantial inconsistency. Survival analysis comparing conversion rates across four clusters revealed no significant difference in symptom(<em>χ</em>^<em>2</em> = 6.731, <em>p</em> = 0.081) and cytokine(<em>χ</em>^<em>2</em> = 7.139, <em>p</em> = 0.068) clusters but was significant in integrated clusters(<em>χ</em>^<em>2</em> = 9.234, <em>p</em> = 0.026).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study emphasizes the distinct perspectives on psychosis risk offered by symptom and cytokine dimensions, advocating for the integration of these dimensions in a cross-modal approach to enhance predictive accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 111356"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}