Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive outcomes following psilocybin-assisted therapy in treatment-resistant depression: A post-hoc analysis of a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial","authors":"Danica E. Johnson ,&nbsp;Shakila Meshkat ,&nbsp;Erica S. Kaczmarek ,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Rabin ,&nbsp;Ryan M. Brudner ,&nbsp;Noah Chisamore ,&nbsp;Zoe Doyle ,&nbsp;Jordan Bawks ,&nbsp;Jeremy Riva-Cambrin ,&nbsp;Rodrigo B. Mansur ,&nbsp;Orly Lipsitz ,&nbsp;Roger S. McIntyre ,&nbsp;Krista L. Lanctôt ,&nbsp;Joshua D. Rosenblat","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive difficulties within treatment-resistant unipolar and bipolar depression (TRD; TRBD) often do not improve with conventional pharmacotherapies. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has shown promise as a novel intervention for TRD; however, few studies have assessed its effects on cognition in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective post hoc analysis included 26 adults with TRD or TRBD from an open-label trial of PAP. Cognition was assessed with the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Trail Making Test Part A and B (TMT-A/B) at baseline, one-day, and two-weeks post-treatment. Linear mixed models (LMMs) evaluated change over time, and reliable change indices (RCIs) with binomial tests assessed whether the proportion of participants showing meaningful improvement exceeded chance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant improvements were observed on all cognitive measures over time (all <em>p</em> &lt; .05). After adjusting for depressive symptoms, gains on the TMT-A (<em>p</em> &lt; .001), TMT-B (p &lt; .001), and TMTB – A (<em>p</em> = .005) remained significant. In contrast, DSST improvements were attenuated (<em>p</em> = .069). RCIs showed that 4.2 %–12.5 % of participants achieved meaningful improvement, but these rates did not significantly exceed chance expectations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PAP was associated with modest, short-term improvements in performance on measures of processing speed and executive function among individuals with TRD. While these changes appeared independent of mood, they did not consistently exceed expected practice effects. These findings highlight the need for adequately powered, controlled trials to clarify whether observed cognitive changes reflect genuine procognitive effects of psilocybin or are attributable to non-specific influences such as test familiarity or concurrent mood improvements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 111565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145598173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social cognition in women with eating disorders: Differences between the restrictive and purgative profiles","authors":"P. de la Higuera-Gonzalez ,&nbsp;A. Galvez-Merlin ,&nbsp;B. Marcos-Diaz ,&nbsp;A. Calvo ,&nbsp;A. Carrasco-Diaz ,&nbsp;W. Ayad-Ahmed ,&nbsp;P. Mola-Cardenes ,&nbsp;A. de la Torre-Luque ,&nbsp;F. Ruiz-Guerrero ,&nbsp;F. Polo-Montes ,&nbsp;J.L. Carrasco-Perera ,&nbsp;L. Beato-Fernandez ,&nbsp;A. Gomez-del Barrio ,&nbsp;M. Diaz-Marsa","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Difficulties in interpersonal interactions have been related to Social Cognition (SC) impairments in eating disorders (EDs). However, results do not account for differences between restrictive (rED) and purgative (pED) profiles and are just based on decoding tasks. This study assessed SC by Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities in ToM decoding and inference tasks between rED and pED patients and healthy women and its relationship with clinical variables.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>37 rED patients, 42 pED patients and 34 controls were evaluated using the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) -ToM inference abilities- and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes revised version (RMET-R) - ToM decoding abilities-. Age, body mass index (BMI) and disorder's duration were considered as clinical variables. ANCOVA analyses were carried out to analyse differences between groups, controlling for impulsivity as a covariate. Group relationships between ToM and clinical variables were analysed through linear regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>pED showed lower correct MASC responses (<em>p</em> &lt; .01) and more overmentalising errors (<em>p</em> &lt; .05) than controls, and for rED, differences overmentalising errors were close to significance (<em>p</em> = .051). For RMET-R, differences were related to impulsivity. Age (<em>p</em> &lt; .01) and BMI <em>p</em> &lt; .05) were related with correct MASC responses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with EDs show difficulties in ToM inference abilities, especially those with a purgative profile, with poorer performance related to clinical severity indices such as weight and age. Differences in ToM decoding appear to be related to impulsivity rather than clinical diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 111556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clozapine mitigates MK-801-induced mismatch negativity impairment in a rat electroencephalography study: relevance for schizophrenia drug development","authors":"Florian W. Adraoui ,&nbsp;Maëlle Violas ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Viardot ,&nbsp;Kenza Hettak ,&nbsp;Samuel Tugler ,&nbsp;Eric Delpy ,&nbsp;Anne Maurin ,&nbsp;Philippe L'Hostis ,&nbsp;Christophe Drieu La Rochelle ,&nbsp;Kevin Carvalho","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Treating people with schizophrenia still represents a major challenge for neuropsychiatric drug development companies. While available atypical antipsychotics are mainly effective on positive symptoms of schizophrenia, their effects on cognitive and social-cognitive deficits remain insufficient and poorly characterized. For instance, a modest improvement of cognitive functions has been described following clozapine treatment. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether this outcome is due to a direct effect on the neural circuits underlying cognition or to an indirect effect mediated by an overall reduction in positive symptoms. To address this question, we sought to measure mismatch negativity (MMN) responses in telemetered rats. MMN constitutes an electroencephalography-based biomarker of sensory, pre-attentional and predictive coding processes, functions whose disruptions highly influence certain aspects of patients' cognitive symptoms. MMN was measured under <em>N</em>-methyl-<span>d</span>-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) pharmacological inhibition by MK-801 (dizocilpine), a model based on the glutamatergic hypothesis of schizophrenia, and we tested whether clozapine could improve MMN under this condition or not. We found that MK-801 dose-dependently reduced the MMN peak amplitude in rats, aligning with the MMN response deficit seen in schizophrenia patients. Strikingly, clozapine was able to mitigate this electrophysiological deficit, an unprecedented observation that has the potential to inspire new treatment strategies aimed towards unaddressed schizophrenia symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 111555"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global and regional morphometric similarity in insomnia with objective short sleep duration","authors":"Zhangwei Lv ,&nbsp;Haobo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuhan Fan ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Yuxian Wei ,&nbsp;Xu Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insomnia disorder is a heterogeneous psychiatric condition characterized by differences in psychological traits and neurobiological mechanisms, necessitating precise phenotyping for targeted interventions. This clinical control study, part of a two-year multicenter research project, examined differences in sleep parameters, psychological characteristics, and morphometric similarity (MS) patterns between insomnia phenotypes classified by objective total sleep time (oTST). The study enrolled 997 adult patients with insomnia disorder, of whom 270 underwent MRI scanning. Participants were categorized into insomnia with objective normal sleep duration (INSD) and insomnia with objective short sleep duration (ISSD) based on oTST measured using a wearable forehead sleep recorder. Primary outcomes included sleep parameters (e.g., wake after sleep onset and rapid eye movement percentage), psychological characteristics (e.g., rumination), and MS patterns assessed through MS mapping. Results showed that the ISSD phenotype showed shorter wake after sleep onset, lower eye movement sleep (REM) percentage, and higher non-REM stage 2 percentage, whereas the INSD phenotype exhibited greater sleep perception bias and more fragmented sleep. Additionally, ISSD showed higher global MS and distinct regional MS patterns, including lower MS in the right middle temporal gyrus and higher MS in the right postcentral gyrus. It also exhibited decoupling with the visual network and de-differentiation with the ventral attention and default mode networks. These findings reveal distinct neurobiological mechanisms underlying insomnia phenotypes and highlight the need for phenotype-based interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 111551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145454008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thalamocortical structural connectivity with sleep oscillatory coupling in insomnia disorder","authors":"Ziqiang Shao ,&nbsp;Zhe Du ,&nbsp;Suping Cai ,&nbsp;Jiayi Liu ,&nbsp;Xumeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Dahua Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaona Sheng ,&nbsp;Yifei Zhu ,&nbsp;Kai Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Thalamocortical interactions play a critical role in sleep oscillatory activities. However, in individuals with insomnia disorder (ID), the structural organization of these circuits, their relationship with sleep oscillatory coupling, and their potential modulation by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In Study 1, we recruited 62 ID patients and 62 healthy controls and assessed white matter tract strength between thalamic subregions and cortical areas using probabilistic tractography. In Study 2, we administered 20 sessions of 1 Hz rTMS (active vs. sham) and evaluated changes in thalamocortical connectivity and sleep oscillations measured via polysomnography.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Abnormal thalamic structural connectivity was observed in tracts projecting to the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) and bilateral sensory cortex (SC). Following treatment, significant alterations in tract strength were detected between the right thalamus and both the PFC and SC, accompanied by improvements in slow wave (SW)-spindle coupling. Furthermore, changes in right thalamus–PFC tract strength were correlated with improved subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI; <em>r</em> = 0.6143; 95 % CI, 0.24 to 0.83, <em>p</em> = 0.004), and right thalamus–SC tract strength was associated with SW–spindle coupling (post-rTMS: <em>r</em> = −0.59; 95 % CI, −0.83 to −0.17, <em>p</em> = 0.011).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings advance our understanding of the role of subdivided thalamocortical circuits and sleep oscillatory coupling in the pathophysiology of ID and suggest that rTMS can modulate these pathways, with concomitant improvements in PSQI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 111544"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145384596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiling small extracellular vesicles microRNAs and their expressions in EVs-depleted plasma as biomarkers for distinguishing schizophrenia","authors":"Bao-Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Jin-Jia Lin ,&nbsp;Huai-Hsuan Tseng ,&nbsp;Chih-Chun Huang ,&nbsp;Po-See Chen ,&nbsp;Chia-Hsuan Li ,&nbsp;Chi-Yu Yao ,&nbsp;Tzu-Yun Wang ,&nbsp;Fong-Lin Jang ,&nbsp;Sheng-Hsiang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In schizophrenia (SZ), significant alterations in microRNAs (miRNAs) regulation and the underlying mechanisms of post-transcriptional modification have been observed. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) encapsulate miRNAs, protecting them from degradation and enabling long-range intercellular communication. While profiling sEV-derived miRNAs (sEV-miRNAs) is essential for understanding sEV-mediated signaling, examining sEV-associated miRNAs in EVs-depleted (dEV) plasma is equally important for evaluating their selectivity and potential roles in systemic physiological regulation. To investigate the hypothesis that specific miRNAs are selectively enriched in small EVs (sEVs), we compared sEV-miRNAs expression profiles between SZ patients and nonpsychotic controls (NC). We then conducted a side-by-side comparison of candidate sEV-associated miRNA expressions in dEV plasma. In the screening set (<em>N</em> = 24), five aberrantly expressed sEV-miRNAs (miR-23a, miR-103a, miR-182, miR-450b, and miR-4433b) were selected for further validation. In the validation set (<em>N</em> = 139), miR-23a, miR-103a, and miR-450b were highly expressed in SZ patients' sEVs, they were less expressed in dEV plasma. This could indicate miRNAs may play various roles in signal transduction based on their origin and distribution. An optimal marker panel (sEV-miR-103a, sEV-miR-450b, and dEV-miR-450b) was established to differentiate SZ patients from NC, yielding an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.988 and an accuracy of 0.935. In the 10-fold cross-validation model, AUC was 0.930, and accuracy was 0.887. Enrichment analysis showed that dysregulated sEV-associated miRNAs are involved in neurobiological and immune pathways in SZ. These findings support a link between SZ and altered posttranscriptional regulation mediated by specific sEV-miRNAs, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 111543"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145403069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct functional profiles of partial agonist antipsychotics in cAMP and β-arrestin signaling mechanisms of dopamine D2 and D3 receptors in vitro","authors":"Katalin Domány-Kovács,&nbsp;Sándor Kolok,&nbsp;Dalma Kurkó,&nbsp;Zsófia Bekes,&nbsp;Ferenc Horti,&nbsp;Amrita Bobok,&nbsp;József Nagy,&nbsp;Zoltán Kapui ,&nbsp;Balázs Lendvai,&nbsp;András Visegrády,&nbsp;Béla Kiss","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aripiprazole, brexpiprazole and cariprazine represent a new generation of atypical antipsychotics with partial agonist activity at dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptors. So far, the functional activity of these partial agonists has mainly been studied at G-protein-dependent cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathways of D₂ and D₃ receptors. While their effects at D₂ receptor-mediated β-arrestin translocation were relatively well characterized the comparative investigation at D₃-dependent β-arrestin translocation is still largely missing. Moreover, antagonism of these partial agonists either at D₂ or D₃ receptors has not been studied at multiple cellular signaling pathways. In this study, we compared the agonist and antagonist features of aripiprazole, brexpiprazole, cariprazine on dopamine receptor-mediated cAMP and β-arrestin pathways in multiple cell lines expressing recombinant human D₂ or D₃ receptors using homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence and luminescent enzyme fragment complementation technologies. We demonstrated that the three partial agonists display qualitatively similar functional profile at D₂ receptor-mediated cAMP and β-arrestin pathways. While cariprazine showed partial agonism and partial antagonism at D₃ receptor-mediated β-arrestin translocation, aripiprazole and brexpiprazole displayed only weak or no agonist but potent antagonist activity. These data suggest differentiated mechanism of action of cariprazine at the D₃ receptor signaling compared to aripiprazole and brexpiprazole.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 111554"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145454033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the altered trajectories of cerebellar gray matter volume in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder","authors":"Shuting Li ,&nbsp;Leilei Ma ,&nbsp;Yanpei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing evidence implicates atypical cerebellar development in the pathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the trajectories of cerebellar subregions from childhood into adulthood—and the impact of ADHD on those trajectories—remain unclear.</div><div>We analyzed the publicly available ADHD-200 dataset, comprising 871 participants aged 7.09–20.90 years (325 with ADHD, 546 typically developing [TD] controls). High-resolution T1-weighted images were processed with the automated CERES segmentation pipeline to obtain absolute gray matter volumes for the whole cerebellum and 12 lobular subdivisions (lobules I–VI, VIIB, VIIIA, VIIIB, IX–X, and crus I–II). Relative volume is also employed in this study, which refers to the relative proportion of absolute volume to intracranial volume. Age-related change was modeled with linear regression models that included diagnosis-by-age interactions. For absolute volume, a significant age-by-diagnosis interaction was observed in the right lobule I–II and bilateral lobule X. Follow-up analyses revealed that, compared with TD individuals, those with ADHD exhibited a steeper age-related increase in gray matter volume in these regions, indicating smaller volumes at younger ages and a more pronounced age-associated rise across the observed age range. For relative volume, significant age-by-diagnosis interaction effects were found in the bilateral lobule IV and bilateral crus II. Follow-up analyses indicated that both ADHD and TD individuals showed age-related decreases in gray matter volume; however, this decline was more pronounced in the ADHD group. Taken together, the divergent age-related patterns of absolute and relative gray matter volume suggest that overall intracranial volume expansion may lag behind cerebellar growth in ADHD, such that the relative cerebellar differences are proportionally less marked than the global brain differences.</div><div>These findings unravel normative and ADHD developmental trajectories of cerebellar gray matter volume from childhood through adulthood and provide a neuroanatomical framework for optimizing the cerebellum-focused prevention and intervention strategies in ADHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 111577"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered task-related brain network dynamics and performance consistency in a non-clinical group burdened with childhood trauma","authors":"Paweł Krukow ,&nbsp;Natalia Kopiś-Posiej ,&nbsp;Víctor Gutiérrez-de Pablo ,&nbsp;Víctor Rodríguez-González ,&nbsp;Carlos Gómez ,&nbsp;Jesús Poza","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Childhood adversity is considered a risk factor for neurocognitive development impairments in adulthood, although research evidence for this notion is rather inconclusive. This study aimed to examine the effects of childhood trauma on rudimentary cognitive processes and their neurophysiological underpinnings in non-clinical samples of young adults. Two groups were formed based on scores from the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: a high early trauma group (high-ACE) and a low early trauma group (low-ACE). All participants performed two versions of the choice reaction time (RT) task, while their brain activity was recorded via electroencephalography (EEG) to reconstruct global network dynamics in response to displayed stimuli. Results indicated that the high-ACE group exhibited greater RTs intra-individual variability and altered functional connectivity (FC) dynamics compared to the low-ACE group, particularly in the short foreperiod block. Performance inconsistency indexes and FC strength values were significantly correlated in the high-ACE group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05, Spearman's correlation, FDR-corrected). Our findings showed that adults with higher early trauma exposure demonstrate reduced network flexibility and difficulties in connectivity resource allocation, which is quantified by means of delayed and less dynamic FC responses following stimulus presentation. This study contributes to the understanding of how childhood adversities alter brain functional repertoire and basic cognitive mechanisms, including those that process non-affective stimuli.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 111571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute DOI treatment evokes dose and species-dependent locomotor effects on the elevated plus maze","authors":"Praachi Tiwari ,&nbsp;Vidita A. Vaidya","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent evidence suggests that psychedelics hold promise in treating a range of neuropsychiatric disorders, highlighting the need to better understand their broader behavioral effects. Many animal-based behavioral assays related to mood, like anxiety and despair-like behavior, highly depend on locomotor activity. However, the influence of psychedelics on movement, especially in emotionally salient contexts, remains underexplored. While general locomotor activity can be monitored in the home cage, assessing movement in novel environments is critical for interpreting behaviors shaped by context and novelty. In this study, we examine the effects of the serotonergic psychedelic, DOI, on locomotor activity using the elevated plus maze (EPM), a conventionally used conflict-based anxiety maze. We find that DOI alters locomotor behavior in rats in a dose-dependent manner, and these changes are closely correlated with changes in anxiety-like behavior on the EPM. Notably, we observe species- and strain-specific differences in the DOI-evoked influence on spontaneous motor activity. While Sprague-Dawley rats and 129S6/SvEv mice exhibit reduced movement in response to 1 mg/kg DOI, C57BL/6J mice show increased movement at the same dose. The modulation of locomotor activity, like the observed anxiety-related effects, appears to be driven by the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT_2A R), as noted by the absence of DOI-evoked locomotor changes in 5-HT_2A R knockout (KO) mice. These findings highlight the importance of considering the impact of serotonergic psychedelics on both spontaneous and context-dependent locomotion whilst interpreting mood-related behavioral responses in novelty-dependent, conflict-based approach-avoidance tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"143 ","pages":"Article 111558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}