Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Mitochondrial gene expression profiles in PTG in the amygdala of a PTSD model following corticosterone therapy.","authors":"Xin Li, Geoffrey E Woodard, Jun Chen, Lei Zhang, Xian-Zhang Hu, Charles Li, Even Xing, Yan A Su, He Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The metabolic and neuronal mechanisms underlying the development of posttraumatic growth (PTG) following corticosterone (CORT) therapy in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are not well defined. In this study, we assess differential gene expression (DEG) profiles associated with mitochondrial function in the amygdala of a PTSD rodent model using a mitochondrial focused gene array chip for both metabolic and neuronal functions. Amygdala tissue samples were excised from four groups of rats (N = 10 each) including: non-stressed control, stressed alone, CORT therapy alone, and CORT therapy with stress. CORT plus stress took place over a three-day period. All groups were sacrificed and assessed after a total of 14 days. Total RNA was isolated, cDNA was synthesized, and gene expression levels were determined using a cDNA microarray. During the development of the anxiety symptom, equivalent to the delayed and exaggerated fear associated with PTSD, 111 DEGs were determined to be statistically significant (p < 0.01) in CORT therapy compared to non-stressed controls. 86 DEGs were determined to be statistically significantly in the CORT with stress administered group in the amygdala complex using stringent criteria (p < 0.01). Furthermore, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) revealed six signaling network pathways in the amygdala complex of the CORT+Stress group. As in the CORT+Stress group, the measurement of acoustic startle showed no significant difference in comparison to the control group. Thus, anxiety was mitigated, and resiliency was increased with CORT therapy. In addition, the Venn diagram analysis indicated that 55 DEGs in the stressed group had 13 DEGs independently non-effected by CORT therapy associated with neuronal signaling networks and 42 DEGs dependently effected by CORT therapy in the stressed group alone. Thus, information provided by a neuronal and metabolic gene array allowed us to determine the expression profile of mitochondrial genes in PTG associated with the amygdala complex of a rodent model of PTSD. This result provides further understanding of the metabolic and neuronal signaling mechanisms associated PTG in the development of PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"111394"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor dexterity in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Familiality and association with polygenic risk scores","authors":"Manuel Sevilla-Ramos ,&nbsp;Valentina Ladera ,&nbsp;Ricardo García-García ,&nbsp;Nancy Murillo-García ,&nbsp;Rosa Ayesa-Arriola","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Motor dexterity (MD), a potential endophenotype for schizophrenia spectrum disorders, might exhibit familiality, showing greater similarity among biological relatives. Moreover, MD deficits in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients may be related to their increased genetic liability for schizophrenia (SCZ). We examined MD familiality and its association with genetic risk for SCZ. We controlled disorder severity by analysing FEP patients with SCZ and other psychosis (OP) separately.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional family study including 133 FEP patients and 244 of their first-degree relatives and 202 healthy controls. We used the grooved pegboard test to assess MD and estimated polygenic scores for SCZ (PGS-SCZ) in the participants. Statistical analysis included linear mixed models and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MD has low familiality (ICC = 0.10) in the whole sample of FEP patients and their relatives. In SCZ families, there was a trend toward MD familiality (<em>p</em> = 0.063). In OP families, MD was familial only in unaffected relatives (ICC = 0.33). FEP patients showed the highest PGS-SCZ, followed by parents, siblings, and healthy controls. No significant association was found between PGS-SCZ and MD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MD shows low familiality in FEP patients. Further research is needed to assess differences by severity of the disorder. Genetic risk for SCZ is not directly linked to MD but may influence it indirectly through neurodevelopment. PGS-SCZ was not associated with MD deficits in FEP patients, possibly reflecting the limited capacity of this tool to capture shared genetic liability between these traits. Environmental factors, in conjunction with genetic predisposition, may significantly contribute to MD development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111406"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers of intestinal permeability in major psychiatric disorders: Distinct biological roles call for a more nuanced application","authors":"Magdalini Ioannou ,&nbsp;Jenny Borkent ,&nbsp;Emily G. Severance ,&nbsp;Robert H. Yolken ,&nbsp;Alessio Fasano ,&nbsp;Iris E.C. Sommer ,&nbsp;Bartholomeus C.M. Haarman","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Zonulin, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and soluble CD14 (sCD14) are frequently used as proxy biomarkers of intestinal permeability in studies involving patients with psychiatric disorders. Although often used interchangeably, these biomarkers reflect distinct biological processes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This review integrates evidence from basic research on the mechanisms of action of zonulin, LBP, and sCD14 with findings from studies on major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, aiming to refine their application in gut–brain axis research.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Zonulin is consistently elevated in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and appears most closely linked to gut barrier integrity and systemic immune activation. LBP is consistently elevated in major depressive disorder and may reflect underlying alterations in gut permeability, metabolic status, and psychological stress. sCD14 has been primarily studied in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, where findings are more heterogeneous, and is thought to reflect generalized monocyte activation. These biomarkers were largely unrelated to clinical symptom severity, with the exception of sCD14, which showed associations with positive symptoms, aggression, and the number of manic episodes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Zonulin, LBP, and sCD14 each capture unique aspects of gut and immune system function. Their interchangeable use risks misinterpretation. A more nuanced, context-dependent application—tailored to specific research questions or intervention targets—is essential for advancing gut–brain axis research in psychiatry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111405"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding borderline personality disorder: Clinical features, neurobiological insights, and therapeutic strategies","authors":"Surendar Ellappan,&nbsp;Rhea Subba,&nbsp;Amal Chandra Mondal","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex personality disorder characterised by immense emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, aggression and substantial interpersonal difficulties. This review begins with examining DSM-5-TR diagnostic clusters for BPD, highlighting the importance of accurate classification. It provides an in-depth analysis of BPD, starting with its epidemiology, diagnostic subtypes, core symptoms, and the challenges these symptoms pose for patients and their support networks. The review explores common co-occurring conditions, such as mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and other personality disorders, which frequently compound the effects of BPD and complicate its management. A detailed examination of BPD's neurobiological underpinnings is presented, focusing on structural and functional alterations in brain, aberrant connectivity, and neurotransmitter dysregulation, particularly within serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate pathways, being vital to understanding the effects of this disorder on impulsivity and emotional instability. Therapeutic strategies for BPD are also reviewed, encompassing psychotherapeutic methods like Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and other validated therapies, alongside pharmacological treatments that target mood stabilisation, impulsivity, and affective control through antidepressants, antipsychotics, and mood stabilisers. Neuromodulation techniques, such as neurofeedback and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), are discussed for their potential to enhance cognitive and emotional control in BPD. The review closes with future directions, emphasizing the value of integrated, personalised treatment approaches to optimise outcomes for individuals with BPD and reduce the broader social and emotional impact of the disorder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111403"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of inflammatory biomarkers in methamphetamine-associated psychosis and schizophrenia","authors":"Ali Baran Tanrıkulu ,&nbsp;Hilal Kaya ,&nbsp;Zekiye Çatak","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Methamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP) can present a spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from transient psychotic symptoms to a full-blown primary psychotic disorder. Differentiating between acute exacerbations of MAP and primary psychotic disorders remains challenging due to the overlapping clinical symptoms. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether CBC-derived inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), and neutrophil/albumin ratio (NAR) levels can be used as inflammatory markers in the differential diagnosis of MAP and schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study sample included 206 patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of psychosis (103 diagnosed with MAP, 103 diagnosed with schizophrenia) and 103 matched healthy controls. Logistic regression models were developed to determine the predictive value of group membership: Model 1 compared schizophrenia and MAP; Model 2 compared MAP and the control group; Model 3 compared the schizophrenia and the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>NLR, MLR, PLR, and NAR levels were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia and MAP when compared with healthy controls. The NLR level was found to be a significant predictor of group membership in regression analysis for schizophrenia (Model 1, Model 3; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). As a result of the regression model created with the MAP patients and control group, NAR was found to be a predictive variable for the MAP patients (Model 2, <em>p</em> = 0.011).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The results showed that NLR may be a potential biomarker for distinguishing patients with schizophrenia from patients with MAP and healthy controls. NAR level may be a potential biomarker for distinguishing MAP patients from healthy controls.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111404"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal DNA methylation and cell-type proportions alterations in risperidone treatment response in first-episode psychosis","authors":"Vanessa Kiyomi Ota ,&nbsp;Leticia Maria Spindola ,&nbsp;Anne-Kristin Stavrum ,&nbsp;Giovany Oliveira Costa ,&nbsp;Amanda Victória Gomes Bugiga ,&nbsp;Mariane Nunes Noto ,&nbsp;Carolina Muniz Carvalho ,&nbsp;Sang-Hyuck Lee ,&nbsp;Ana Lokmer ,&nbsp;Charanraj Goud Alladi ,&nbsp;Deepak Gopal Shewade ,&nbsp;Ravi Philip Rajkumar ,&nbsp;Frank Bellivier ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan ,&nbsp;Ary Gadelha ,&nbsp;Stéphane Jamain ,&nbsp;Cynthia Marie-Claire ,&nbsp;Cristiano Noto ,&nbsp;Gerome Breen ,&nbsp;Marcos Leite Santoro ,&nbsp;Sintia Iole Belangero","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying biological markers to guide treatment decisions in first-episode psychosis (FEP) is essential for improving patient outcomes. This longitudinal study investigated DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns and DNAm-derived cell-type proportions (CTP) in blood and associated them with response to risperidone treatment, a second-generation antipsychotic drug, in antipsychotic-naïve FEP patients. We also explored longitudinal changes in DNAm associated with risperidone treatment. We profiled DNAm in 114 individuals before (anFEP) and after two months of risperidone treatment using microarrays. The main results were compared with 115 healthy controls and validated in an independent cohort of subjects with schizophrenia (<em>n</em> = 26) with one-month follow-up data. We identified 302 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with treatment response, measured by changes in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score, of which 16 were validated in the independent cohort. Sixteen differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were associated with response, with one (in <em>SIPA1L3</em>) being validated. A decrease in B-cell proportions was correlated with symptom improvement in both cohorts. Additionally, four DMPs associated with risperidone treatment were identified: two related to the psychotic state and two specifically to risperidone treatment. DNAm-derived CTP showed alterations in anFEP compared with controls, particularly in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, which normalized after treatment. These findings suggest that DNAm, particularly in B-cells, may be a promising marker for monitoring response to risperidone treatment in schizophrenia. Our longitudinal study revealed novel and known genes that may be regulated by risperidone and could be used as response markers to improve prognosis in schizophrenia and FEP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111402"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mangiferin: A natural neuroprotective polyphenol with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties for depression","authors":"Lan Lei,&nbsp;Cong-Ya Chen,&nbsp;Yu-Fei Wang,&nbsp;Zhen-Yu Guo,&nbsp;Yi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression is a severe global health problem accompanied by persistent low mood that harms the physical and mental health of people and places a substantial economic burden on society. Mangiferin (MGF), a natural polyphenol in the traditional Chinese herb <em>Anemarrhena asphodeloides</em> Bge., can improve neuronal damage, memory, and cognitive deficits, implicating the therapeutic potential of MGF for depression. MGF has a unique C-glycosyl and phenolic structure that endows it with multiple biological properties, e.g., anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the pharmacological role of MGF in depression remains unclear. Therefore, this review describes the neuroprotective effects and the antidepressant mechanisms of MGF in preclinical depression studies. MGF ameliorates cognitive deficits in depression and neurodegenerative diseases animal models by reducing amyloid-beta deposition, ameliorating cholinergic dysfunction, and increasing neurotrophic factors. Also, MGF regulates molecular mechanisms in depressed animals mainly through anti-inflammation (by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and its downstream nuclear factor-кB signaling pathway, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity), anti-oxidant (by increasing levels of anti-oxidant enzymes and inhibiting lipid peroxidation). Notably, the potential mechanisms of MGF in treating depression by modulating neurotransmission (e.g., glutamate, dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin) need to be further explored. It is hoped to explore further the potential molecular mechanisms of MGF's biological activity in depression and provide directions for further clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111401"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sirtuin 1 underlies depression-related behaviors by modulating the serotonin system in the dorsal raphe nucleus in female mice","authors":"Lihong Xu ,&nbsp;Yifan Cao ,&nbsp;Shasha Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Du ,&nbsp;Wentao Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Liu ,&nbsp;Dan Wang ,&nbsp;Di Zhao ,&nbsp;Minghu Cui ,&nbsp;Shujun Jiang ,&nbsp;Gaofeng Qin ,&nbsp;Fantao Meng ,&nbsp;Mengdi Zhang ,&nbsp;Chen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a primary driver of disability and greatly escalates the worldwide disease burden. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), a key regulator of cellular metabolism, is associated with genetic variations in MDD. We investigated how Sirt1 in serotonin (5-HT) neurons within the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) in mice affected behaviors associated with depression and susceptibility to stress. Our findings revealed that Sirt1 expression in the DRN was decreased when chronic unpredictable stress was induced in depressed female mice. Additionally, Sirt1 was co-localized with 5-HT neurons within the DRN, and its selective ablation in these neurons have induced depressive phenotypes in female mice but not in males. Adeno-associated virus-mediated knockdown of Sirt1 in adult female mice induced depressive behaviors, whereas Sirt1 overexpression eliminated these behaviors. Moreover, fiber-optic recordings showed a decrease in the neural excitability of 5-HT neurons and 5-HT levels in the DRN after Sirt1 knockdown. Furthermore, we observed that Sirt1 knockdown reduced the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (Tph2) and phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and CAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Finally, variable molecular targets regarding immune responses and cytokine productions after Sirt1 knockdown were analyzed via high-throughput RNA-seq analysis of specimens from the DRN. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of Sirt1 for regulating depression-related behaviors in female mice by influencing the activity of 5-HT neurons in the DRN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111400"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different methods of cannabis use on cognition and blood THC: A systematic review","authors":"Danial Behzad ,&nbsp;Siddhi Patel ,&nbsp;Reena Besa ,&nbsp;Arthur W.H. Chan ,&nbsp;Sheng Chen ,&nbsp;Sergio Rueda ,&nbsp;Anthony C. Ruocco ,&nbsp;Patricia Di Ciano","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel methods of cannabis use are becoming popular, but the differential impact of these new methods on cognition have not been widely studied. Further, the impact of cannabis on cognition is mediated by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), but few studies have directly compared the pharmacokinetics of different methods. This systematic review (PROSPERO, CRD42023442731) was conducted to determine whether the different forms of cannabis and routes of administration have differential acute effects on cognition or blood THC. In total, six studies were found that directly compared the effects of at least two different methods of cannabis administration on cognition and eight studies compared the impact of different methods on blood THC. In general, few differences between methods were found on cognitive performance but two studies found some evidence for worse performance on attention tasks after vaping cannabis versus edibles or smoked cannabis. One study found worse performance on a memory task in participants who smoked high potency flower with cannabidiol compared to a group of concentrates users. Despite this, the clear consensus is that inhaled routes of administration result in higher peak levels of THC, while edible cannabis has a longer duration of action. Additionally, one study found an inverse correlation between blood THC and cognition. Given that THC levels are used to detect impairment, this suggests that the ability to detect impairment may vary by method, with edibles presenting more of a challenge. More studies are needed to understand the effects of these newer methods of cannabis administration on performance and blood THC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111399"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swimming into the future: Machine learning in zebrafish behavioral research","authors":"Barbara D. Fontana ,&nbsp;Julia Canzian ,&nbsp;Denis B. Rosemberg","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) has emerged as a powerful organism in behavioral neuroscience, offering invaluable insights into the neural circuits and molecular pathways underlying complex behaviors. Although the knowledge of zebrafish behavioral repertoire is expanding rapidly, fundamental questions regarding complex behaviors remain poorly explored. Recent advances in machine learning offer potential for enhancing zebrafish behavioral analysis, enabling more precise, scalable, and unbiased assessments when compared to the traditional method. Thus, machine learning automates tracking and pattern recognition, uncovering new behavioral phenotypes and streamlining analysis typically manually assessed. Here, we highlight the potential use of machine learning tools in zebrafish-based models uncovering nuanced behavioral phenotypes to accelerate discoveries in translational neurobehavioral research, addressing the challenges and ethical considerations in the field. We emphasize that associating machine learning with zebrafish behavioral research, significant advances to elucidate neural and molecular mechanisms driving complex behaviors are expected. Collectively, the progressive refinement of these methods by enabling more detailed and efficient analysis will not only enhance the utility of zebrafish in translational neuroscience, but also contribute to develop more effective models of human disorders and in the search of potential neuroprotective strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111398"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}