Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Functional connectivity changes in males with nicotine addiction: A triple network model study.","authors":"Jieping Sun, Huiyu Huang, Jinghan Dang, Mengzhe Zhang, Xiaoyu Niu, Qiuying Tao, Yimeng Kang, Longyao Ma, Bohui Mei, Weijian Wang, Shaoqiang Han, Jingliang Cheng, Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nicotine addiction (NA) is recognized as a significant neurobehavioral disorder that affects both individuals and society. It is suggested that alterations in functional network connectivity (FNC) within specific brain networks underlie its neurobiological basis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), and salience network (SN) are identified using data from the Human Connectome Project. The study includes 47 individuals with NA and 35 normal controls (NC), all of whom undergo resting-state fMRI alongside smoking-related clinical assessments. A sliding window analysis is employed to assess connectivity metrics, including static functional network connectivity (FNC), standard deviation (SD), and coefficient of variation (CV), to compare information integration between the groups. Participants with NA are classified based on longitudinal changes in Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) scores over six years into three categories: addiction tendency (AT), withdrawal tendency (WT), and stable tendency (ST). Correlation analyses are conducted to explore relationships between FNC abnormalities and clinical assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with NA exhibit reduced static FNC (p_FDR = 0.029) between the dorsal DMN and the right ECN, accompanied by increased SD (p_FDR = 0.029) and CV (p_FDR = 0.029). A significant increase in SD (p_FDR = 0.049) is also observed in the dorsal DMN and left ECN. Correlations indicate that the SD of the dorsal DMN and right ECN relates to the pharmacological dimension of the Russell Smoking Reasons Questionnaire (RRSQ) scale (r = 0.416, p_FDR = 0.044), while CV correlates with changes in the FTND over six years (r = -0.391, p_FDR = 0.044) and the pharmacological dimension of the RRSQ scale (r = 0.402, p_FDR = 0.044). Post-hoc subgroup analyses reveal that these FNC intensity changes are present among WT patients (p_FDR < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Alterations in brain network function within the DMN and ECN are suggested to precede behavioral changes in NA. These findings are interpreted as potential neurobiological markers of nicotine addiction.</p>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional alterations in different types of delusions across schizophrenia spectrum: A systematic review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111185","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Despite the high clinical role of delusions as a transnosological psychopathological phenomenon, the number of experimental studies on the different types of delusions across schizophrenia spectrum is still relatively small, and their results are somehow inconsistent. We aimed to understand the current state of knowledge regarding the structural and functional brain alterations in delusions to determine whether particular types of delusions are associated with specific brain changes and to identify common alterations underlying the formation and persistence of delusions regardless of their content.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;For this systematic review, we followed PRISMA guidelines to search in PubMed for English papers published between 1953 and September 30, 2023. The initial inclusion criteria for screening purposes were articles that investigated delusions or subclinical delusional beliefs in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, high clinical or genetic risk for schizophrenia using fMRI, sMRI or/and dwMRI methods. Exclusion criteria during the screening phase were articles that investigated lesion-induced or substance-induced delusions, delusions in Alzheimer's disease and other neurocognitive disorders, single case studies and non-human studies. The publication metadata were uploaded to the web-tool for working on systematic reviews, Rayyan. For each of the studies, a table was filled out with detailed information.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We found 1752 records, of which 95 full-text documents were reviewed and included in the current paper. Both nonspecific and particular types of delusions were associated with widespread structural and functional alterations. The most prominent areas affected across all types of delusions were the superior temporal cortex (predominantly left language processing areas), anterior cingulate/medial prefrontal cortex and insula. The most reproducible findings in paranoia may be alterations in the functioning of the amygdala and its interactions with other regions. Somatic delusions and delusional infestation were mostly characterized by alterations in the insula and thalamus.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Discussion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The data are ambiguous; however, in general the predictive processing framework seems to be the most widely accepted approach to explaining different types of delusions. Aberrant prediction errors signaling during processing of social, self-generated and sensory information may lead to inaccuracies in assessing the intentions of others, self-relevancy of ambiguous stimuli, misattribution of self-generated actions and unusual sensations, which could provoke delusional ideation with persecutory, reference, control and somatic content correspondingly. However, currently available data are still insufficient to draw conclusions about the specific biological mechanisms of predictive coding account of delusions. Thus, further studies exploring more homogeneou","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shared polygenic susceptibility to treatment response in severe affective and psychotic disorders: Evidence from GWAS data sets","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) genetically correlate, the pleiotropy underlying response/resistance to drugs used in these disorders has not been investigated. The aim of this study is to analyze the genetic relationship between treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), response to lithium in BD (respLi) and response to antidepressants in MDD (respAD) using the conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (cond/conjFDR) methodology, based on the hypothesis that shared mechanisms related to a common psychopathology factor underlie these phenotypes. A cross-trait polygenic enrichment for TRS conditioned on associations with respLi was observed. The conjFDR analysis identified rs11631065 (chr15:66654304) as a shared locus between them. One of the genes at this locus is <em>MAP2K1</em>, previously reported as associated with TRS after conditioning on body mass index genome-wide association study (GWAS). The set of genes at TRS-respLi <em>conjFDR</em> &lt; 0.95 showed enrichment in response to psychotropic drugs in severe mental disorders from GWAS Catalog as well as in neurodevelopment and synaptic pathways. In conclusion, our study constitutes the first evidence of a transdiagnostic genetic signal associated with response to different pharmacological treatments in psychotic and affective disorders. It is necessary to confirm these results when larger GWAS of these phenotypes are available.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The pediatric psychopharmacology of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review - Part II: The future","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Part I of this systematic review summarized the state-of-the-art of pediatric psychopharmacology for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), a severe and lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder. The purpose of this Part II follow-up article is to provide a systematic overview of the experimental psychopharmacology of ASD. To this aim, we have first identified in the <span><span>Clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> website all the 157 pharmacological and nutraceutical compounds which have been experimentally tested in children and adolescents with ASD using the randomized placebo-controlled trial (RCT) design. After excluding 24 drugs already presented in Part I, a systematic review spanning each of the remaining 133 compounds was registered on Prospero (ID: CRD42023476555), performed on PubMed (August 8, 2024), and completed with EBSCO, PsycINFO (psychology and psychiatry literature) and the Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews, yielding a total of 115 published RCTs, including 57 trials for 23 pharmacological compounds and 48 trials for 17 nutraceuticals/supplements. Melatonin and oxytocin were not included, because recent systematic reviews have been already published for both these compounds. RCTs of drugs with the strongest foundation in preclinical research, namely arbaclofen, balovaptan and bumetanide have all failed to reach their primary end-points, although efforts to target specific patient subgroups do warrant further investigation. For the vast majority of compounds, including cannabidiol, vasopressin, and probiotics, insufficient evidence of efficacy and safety is available. However, a small subset of compounds, including <em>N</em>-acetylcysteine, folinic acid, <span>l</span>-carnitine, coenzyme Q10, sulforaphane, and metformin may already be considered, with due caution, for clinical use, because there is promising evidence of efficacy and a high safety profile. For several other compounds, such as secretin, efficacy can be confidently excluded, and/or the data discourage undertaking new RCTs. Part I and Part II summarize “drug-based” information, which will be ultimately merged to provide clinicians with a “symptom-based” consensus statement in a conclusive Part III, with the overarching aim to foster evidence-based clinical practices and to organize new strategies for future clinical trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duration of aversive memory in zebrafish after a single shock","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies on memory consolidation and reconsolidation, memory loss, and the associated biochemical mechanisms have garnered interest in the past decades due to knowledge of memory performance-affecting factors such as stress, emotions, sleep, age, several neurological diseases, drugs, and chemical pollutants. Memory research has been using animal models, with increased interest in the zebrafish model. This freshwater fish species shows a wide range of behaviors relevant to memory research such as social behavior, aggression, and predator avoidance; however, few studies have investigated the duration of long-term memory. Hence, we designed an experiment to test memory duration by exposing zebrafish to avoidance conditioning using electroshock as the aversive stimulus. Zebrafish were trained to avoid the black side of a black-and-white tank and subsequently tested for aversive memory at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, 168 h, and 240 h. At the 72 h-interval, another zebrafish group was trained and exposed to MK-801(NMDAr antagonist) and then tested. The fish retained memories of the task and avoided the black side of the tank for up to 7 days. At 10 days post-training, the animals could no longer retrieve the aversive memory. Zebrafish treated with MK-801 did not retrieve memory. Knowledge of memory and of long-term memory duration is crucial for optimizing the zebrafish model for use in research investigating cognitive impairments such as memory loss and its ramifications. Additionally, identifying a long-term aversive memory lasting up to 7 days in zebrafish enables further research into the neuronal changes underlying this persistence. Such in-depth investigation could bring valuable insights into memory mechanisms and facilitate targeted interventions for memory-related conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal intrinsic brain functional network dynamics in stroke and correlation with neuropsychiatric symptoms revealed based on lesion and cerebral blood flow","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been a lack of clarity about the mechanisms of widespread network dysfunctions after stroke. This study aimed to reveal dynamic functional network alternations following stroke based on lesion and brain perfusion. We prospectively enrolled 125 acute ischaemic stroke patients (25 were transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients) and 49 healthy controls with assessed the severity of their depression, anxiety, fatigue, and apathy. We performed dynamic functional network connectivity (DFNC) analysis using the sliding window method. The common static FC biomarkers of stroke were used to define functional states and calculated stroke-specific changes in dynamic indicators. Next, ridge regression (RR) analyses were performed on the dynamic indicators using voxel-wise lesion maps, cerebral blood flow (CBF) difference maps (removal of voxels overlapping lesions) and a combination of both. Mediation analyses were used to characterize the effect of dynamic networks changes on the relationship between lesion, CBF, and neuropsychological scores. Our results showed that DFNC identified three functional states with three dynamic metrics extracted for subsequent analyses. RR analyses show that both CBF and lesions partially explain post-stroke dysfunction (CBF: dynamic indicator1: R² = 0.110, <em>p</em> = 0.163; dynamic indicator2: R² = 0.277, <em>p</em> = 0.006; dynamic indicator3: R² = 0.125, <em>p</em> = 0.121; lesion: dynamic indicator1: R² = 0.132, <em>p</em> = 0.109; dynamic indicator2: R² = 0.238, <em>p</em> = 0.015; dynamic indicator3: R² = 0.131, <em>p</em> = 0.110). In addition, combining the two can improve the efficacy of explanations. Finally, exploratory mediation analyses identified that dynamic functional network changes can mediate between CBF, lesion and neuropsychiatric disorders. Our results suggest that CBF and lesion can be combined to improve the interpretation of dynamic network dysfunction after stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White matter integrity upon progesterone antagonism in individuals with premenstrual dysphoric disorder: A randomized placebo-controlled diffusion tensor imaging study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a depressive disorder triggered by fluctuations of progesterone and estradiol during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Selective progesterone receptor modulation (SPRM), while exerting an antagonistic effect on progesterone and maintaining estradiol on moderate levels, has shown beneficial effects on the mental symptoms of PMDD. Progesterone is also known for its neuroprotective effects, while synthetic progestins have been suggested to promote myelination. However, the impact of SPRM treatment on white matter microstructure is unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Diffusion tensor imaging was employed to collect data on white matter integrity in patients with PMDD, before and after treatment with ulipristal acetate (an SPRM) or placebo, as part of a double-blind randomized controlled-trial. Tract based spatial statistics were performed to investigate SPRM treatment vs. placebo longitudinal effects on fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD), on the whole white matter skeleton.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Voxel-wise analyses indicated no change over time in any white matter microstructure metrics in individuals treated with SPRM versus placebo. Improvement in PMDD symptoms did not correlate with changes in white matter microstructure. In secondary, exploratory, cross-sectional comparisons during treatment, the SPRM group displayed lower FA and higher MD, RD, and AD than the placebo group in several tracts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The main findings suggest that SPRM treatment did not impact white matter microstructure compared with placebo. However, secondary exploratory analyses yielded between-group differences after treatment, which call for further investigation on the tracts potentially impacted by progesterone antagonism.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registration</h3><div>EUDRA-CT 2016–001719-19; “Selective progesterone receptor modulators for treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.”; <span><span>https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2016-001719-19/SE</span><svg><path></path></svg></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal ethanol exposure impairs hippocampal plasticity and cognition in adolescent mice","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) induces a wide range of neurodevelopmental disabilities that are grouped under the term ‘fetal alcohol spectrum disorders’ (FASD). The effects of PAE on brain development are dependent on complex neurochemical events, including modification of AMPA receptors (AMPARs). We have recently found that chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure decreases AMPA-mediated neurotransmission and expression through the overexpression of the specific microRNA (miR)137 and 501-3p, which target GluA1 AMPA subunit, in the developing hippocampus in vitro. Here, we explored how PAE mice may alter AMPAergic synapses in the hippocampus, and its effects on behavior.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To model PAE, we exposed C57Bl/6 pregnant mice to 10 % EtOH during during the first 10 days of gestation (GD 0–10; equivalent to the first trimester of pregnancy in humans). AMPA subunits postsynaptic expression in the hippocampus, electrical properties of CA1 neurons, memory recognition, and locomotor functions were then analyzed in adolescent PAE-exposed offspring.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PAE adolescent mice showed dysregulation of AMPAergic neurotransmission, and increased miR 501-3p expression, associated with a significant reduction of spontaneous AMPA currents and intrinsic somatic excitability. In addition, PAE reduced the phosphorylation of AMPAR-containing GluA1 subunit, despite an increase in its total levels. Of note, the total levels of GluA2 and GluA3 AMPA receptors were enhanced as well. Consistently, at behavioral level, PAE reduced object recognition without altering locomotor activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study shows that PAE leads to dysfunctional formation of AMPAergic synapses that could be responsible for neurobehavioral impairments, contributing to the understanding of the pathogenesis of FASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of biological sex on intrinsic connectivity networks in PTSD: A data-driven approach.","authors":"Andrew A Nicholson, Jonathan M Lieberman, Niki Hosseini-Kamkar, Kristen Eckstrand, Daniela Rabellino, Breanne Kearney, David Steyrl, Sandhya Narikuzhy, Maria Densmore, Jean Théberge, Fardous Hosseiny, Ruth A Lanius","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sex as a biological variable (SABV) may help to account for the differential development and expression of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among trauma-exposed males and females. Here, we investigate the impact of SABV on PTSD-related neural alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) within three core intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs): the salience network (SN), central executive network (CEN), and default mode network (DMN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using an independent component analysis (ICA), we compared rsFC of the SN, CEN, and DMN between males and females, with and without PTSD (n = 47 females with PTSD, n = 34 males with PTSD, n = 36 healthy control females, n = 20 healthy control males) via full factorial ANCOVAs. Additionally, linear regression analyses were conducted with clinical variables (i.e., PTSD and depression symptoms, childhood trauma scores) in order to determine intrinsic network connectivity characteristics specific to SABV. Furthermore, we utilized machine learning classification models to predict the biological sex and PTSD diagnosis of individual participants based on intrinsic network activity patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed differential network connectivity patterns based on SABV and PTSD diagnosis. Males with PTSD exhibited increased intra-SN (i.e., SN-anterior insula) rsFC and increased DMN-right superior parietal lobule/precuneus/superior occipital gyrus rsFC as compared to females with PTSD. There were also differential network connectivity patterns for comparisons between the PTSD and healthy control groups for males and females, separately. We did not observe significant correlations between clinical measures of interest and brain region clusters which displayed significant between group differences as a function of biological sex, thus further reinforcing that SABV analyses are likely not confounded by these variables. Furthermore, machine learning classification models accurately predicted biological sex and PTSD diagnosis among novel/unseen participants based on ICN activation patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals groundbreaking insights surrounding the impact of SABV on PTSD-related ICN alterations using data-driven methods. Our discoveries contribute to further defining neurobiological markers of PTSD among females and males and may offer guidance for differential sex-related treatment needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychedelic-related deaths in England, Wales and Northern Ireland (1997–2022)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Psychedelic drugs are increasingly visible in society once more, but their risks and adverse effects have received less attention than perhaps they should. While fatalities associated with psychedelics appear rare, a systematic approach to characterising their aetiology is required to inform harm minimisation efforts.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aimed to analyse prevalence and characteristics of psychedelic-related deaths in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, between 1997 and 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analysed coroner reports submitted to the National Programme on Substance Use Mortality where psychedelic serotonergic agonist drugs were involved in the death, and conducted a thematic framework analysis to explore potential factors associated with their occurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 28 cases where psychedelics were implicated (75 %, <em>N</em> = 21) or potentially implicated (25 %, <em>N</em> = 7) in the death; 19 of these involving psychedelic tryptamines (LSD 39 %, <em>N</em> = 11; Psilocybin 21 %, <em>N</em> = 6; DMT 7 %, <em>N</em> = 2), and 9 psychedelic phenethylamines (incl. NBOMes 18 %, <em>N</em> = 5). Most deaths were deemed accidental by the coroner (86 %, <em>N</em> = 24), including both traumatic injuries and drug toxicities; most cases involved multiple implicated drugs (68 %, <em>N</em> = 19); and most of the deceased were under 30 years of age (82 %, <em>N</em> = 23). Thematic framework analysis identified nine themes in the deaths across three categories. ‘Polysubstance use’ was the most common theme (82 % of cases, <em>N</em> = 23/28), followed by a suboptimal ‘physical environment’ (70 % of cases where this information was available, <em>N</em> = 14/20).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The profound and often unpredictable effects of psychedelics pose a unique profile of risks and adverse reactions. Nevertheless, psychedelic-related deaths remain very rare in comparison to other recreational drugs, and frequently involve polydrug use. Implications for harm reduction and policy are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}