Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Abnormal intrinsic brain functional network dynamics in stroke and correlation with neuropsychiatric symptoms revealed based on lesion and cerebral blood flow","authors":"Xian Chao ,&nbsp;Yirong Fang ,&nbsp;Jinjing Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Yiran Dong ,&nbsp;Zeyu Lu ,&nbsp;Dawei Yin ,&nbsp;Ran Shi ,&nbsp;Xinfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Wen Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been a lack of clarity about the mechanisms of widespread network dysfunctions after stroke. This study aimed to reveal dynamic functional network alternations following stroke based on lesion and brain perfusion. We prospectively enrolled 125 acute ischaemic stroke patients (25 were transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients) and 49 healthy controls with assessed the severity of their depression, anxiety, fatigue, and apathy. We performed dynamic functional network connectivity (DFNC) analysis using the sliding window method. The common static FC biomarkers of stroke were used to define functional states and calculated stroke-specific changes in dynamic indicators. Next, ridge regression (RR) analyses were performed on the dynamic indicators using voxel-wise lesion maps, cerebral blood flow (CBF) difference maps (removal of voxels overlapping lesions) and a combination of both. Mediation analyses were used to characterize the effect of dynamic networks changes on the relationship between lesion, CBF, and neuropsychological scores. Our results showed that DFNC identified three functional states with three dynamic metrics extracted for subsequent analyses. RR analyses show that both CBF and lesions partially explain post-stroke dysfunction (CBF: dynamic indicator1: R² = 0.110, <em>p</em> = 0.163; dynamic indicator2: R² = 0.277, <em>p</em> = 0.006; dynamic indicator3: R² = 0.125, <em>p</em> = 0.121; lesion: dynamic indicator1: R² = 0.132, <em>p</em> = 0.109; dynamic indicator2: R² = 0.238, <em>p</em> = 0.015; dynamic indicator3: R² = 0.131, <em>p</em> = 0.110). In addition, combining the two can improve the efficacy of explanations. Finally, exploratory mediation analyses identified that dynamic functional network changes can mediate between CBF, lesion and neuropsychiatric disorders. Our results suggest that CBF and lesion can be combined to improve the interpretation of dynamic network dysfunction after stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111181"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White matter integrity upon progesterone antagonism in individuals with premenstrual dysphoric disorder: A randomized placebo-controlled diffusion tensor imaging study","authors":"Elisavet Kaltsouni ,&nbsp;Xuan Gu ,&nbsp;Johan Wikström ,&nbsp;Andreas Hahn ,&nbsp;Rupert Lanzenberger ,&nbsp;Inger Sundström-Poromaa ,&nbsp;Erika Comasco","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a depressive disorder triggered by fluctuations of progesterone and estradiol during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Selective progesterone receptor modulation (SPRM), while exerting an antagonistic effect on progesterone and maintaining estradiol on moderate levels, has shown beneficial effects on the mental symptoms of PMDD. Progesterone is also known for its neuroprotective effects, while synthetic progestins have been suggested to promote myelination. However, the impact of SPRM treatment on white matter microstructure is unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Diffusion tensor imaging was employed to collect data on white matter integrity in patients with PMDD, before and after treatment with ulipristal acetate (an SPRM) or placebo, as part of a double-blind randomized controlled-trial. Tract based spatial statistics were performed to investigate SPRM treatment vs. placebo longitudinal effects on fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD), on the whole white matter skeleton.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Voxel-wise analyses indicated no change over time in any white matter microstructure metrics in individuals treated with SPRM versus placebo. Improvement in PMDD symptoms did not correlate with changes in white matter microstructure. In secondary, exploratory, cross-sectional comparisons during treatment, the SPRM group displayed lower FA and higher MD, RD, and AD than the placebo group in several tracts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The main findings suggest that SPRM treatment did not impact white matter microstructure compared with placebo. However, secondary exploratory analyses yielded between-group differences after treatment, which call for further investigation on the tracts potentially impacted by progesterone antagonism.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registration</h3><div>EUDRA-CT 2016–001719-19; “Selective progesterone receptor modulators for treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.”; <span><span>https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2016-001719-19/SE</span><svg><path></path></svg></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111179"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of biological sex on intrinsic connectivity networks in PTSD: A data-driven approach","authors":"Andrew A. Nicholson ,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Lieberman ,&nbsp;Niki Hosseini-Kamkar ,&nbsp;Kristen Eckstrand ,&nbsp;Daniela Rabellino ,&nbsp;Breanne Kearney ,&nbsp;David Steyrl ,&nbsp;Sandhya Narikuzhy ,&nbsp;Maria Densmore ,&nbsp;Jean Théberge ,&nbsp;Fardous Hosseiny ,&nbsp;Ruth A. Lanius","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Sex as a biological variable (SABV) may help to account for the differential development and expression of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among trauma-exposed males and females. Here, we investigate the impact of SABV on PTSD-related neural alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) within three core intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs): the salience network (SN), central executive network (CEN), and default mode network (DMN).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using an independent component analysis (ICA), we compared rsFC of the SN, CEN, and DMN between males and females, with and without PTSD (<em>n</em> = 47 females with PTSD, <em>n</em> = 34 males with PTSD, <em>n</em> = 36 healthy control females, <em>n</em> = 20 healthy control males) via full factorial ANCOVAs. Additionally, linear regression analyses were conducted with clinical variables (i.e., PTSD and depression symptoms, childhood trauma scores) in order to determine intrinsic network connectivity characteristics specific to SABV. Furthermore, we utilized machine learning classification models to predict the biological sex and PTSD diagnosis of individual participants based on intrinsic network activity patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings revealed differential network connectivity patterns based on SABV and PTSD diagnosis. Males with PTSD exhibited increased intra-SN (i.e., SN-anterior insula) rsFC and increased DMN-right superior parietal lobule/precuneus/superior occipital gyrus rsFC as compared to females with PTSD. There were also differential network connectivity patterns for comparisons between the PTSD and healthy control groups for males and females, separately. We did not observe significant correlations between clinical measures of interest and brain region clusters which displayed significant between group differences as a function of biological sex, thus further reinforcing that SABV analyses are likely not confounded by these variables. Furthermore, machine learning classification models accurately predicted biological sex and PTSD diagnosis among novel/unseen participants based on ICN activation patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals groundbreaking insights surrounding the impact of SABV on PTSD-related ICN alterations using data-driven methods. Our discoveries contribute to further defining neurobiological markers of PTSD among females and males and may offer guidance for differential sex-related treatment needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111180"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal ethanol exposure impairs hippocampal plasticity and cognition in adolescent mice","authors":"Lorenzo Curti ,&nbsp;Beatrice Rizzi ,&nbsp;Francesca Mottarlini ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Bigagli ,&nbsp;Alice Ilari ,&nbsp;Alessia Costa ,&nbsp;Virginia Sordi ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Ranieri ,&nbsp;Cristina Luceri ,&nbsp;Nazzareno Cannella ,&nbsp;Massimo Ubaldi ,&nbsp;Alessio Masi ,&nbsp;Fabio Fumagalli ,&nbsp;Lucia Caffino ,&nbsp;Guido Mannaioni ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Gerace","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) induces a wide range of neurodevelopmental disabilities that are grouped under the term ‘fetal alcohol spectrum disorders’ (FASD). The effects of PAE on brain development are dependent on complex neurochemical events, including modification of AMPA receptors (AMPARs). We have recently found that chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure decreases AMPA-mediated neurotransmission and expression through the overexpression of the specific microRNA (miR)137 and 501-3p, which target GluA1 AMPA subunit, in the developing hippocampus in vitro. Here, we explored how PAE mice may alter AMPAergic synapses in the hippocampus, and its effects on behavior.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To model PAE, we exposed C57Bl/6 pregnant mice to 10 % EtOH during during the first 10 days of gestation (GD 0–10; equivalent to the first trimester of pregnancy in humans). AMPA subunits postsynaptic expression in the hippocampus, electrical properties of CA1 neurons, memory recognition, and locomotor functions were then analyzed in adolescent PAE-exposed offspring.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PAE adolescent mice showed dysregulation of AMPAergic neurotransmission, and increased miR 501-3p expression, associated with a significant reduction of spontaneous AMPA currents and intrinsic somatic excitability. In addition, PAE reduced the phosphorylation of AMPAR-containing GluA1 subunit, despite an increase in its total levels. Of note, the total levels of GluA2 and GluA3 AMPA receptors were enhanced as well. Consistently, at behavioral level, PAE reduced object recognition without altering locomotor activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study shows that PAE leads to dysfunctional formation of AMPAergic synapses that could be responsible for neurobehavioral impairments, contributing to the understanding of the pathogenesis of FASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111174"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychedelic-related deaths in England, Wales and Northern Ireland (1997–2022)","authors":"Emma I. Kopra ,&nbsp;Jenni Penttinen ,&nbsp;James J. Rucker ,&nbsp;Caroline S. Copeland","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Psychedelic drugs are increasingly visible in society once more, but their risks and adverse effects have received less attention than perhaps they should. While fatalities associated with psychedelics appear rare, a systematic approach to characterising their aetiology is required to inform harm minimisation efforts.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aimed to analyse prevalence and characteristics of psychedelic-related deaths in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, between 1997 and 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analysed coroner reports submitted to the National Programme on Substance Use Mortality where psychedelic serotonergic agonist drugs were involved in the death, and conducted a thematic framework analysis to explore potential factors associated with their occurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 28 cases where psychedelics were implicated (75 %, <em>N</em> = 21) or potentially implicated (25 %, <em>N</em> = 7) in the death; 19 of these involving psychedelic tryptamines (LSD 39 %, <em>N</em> = 11; Psilocybin 21 %, <em>N</em> = 6; DMT 7 %, <em>N</em> = 2), and 9 psychedelic phenethylamines (incl. NBOMes 18 %, <em>N</em> = 5). Most deaths were deemed accidental by the coroner (86 %, <em>N</em> = 24), including both traumatic injuries and drug toxicities; most cases involved multiple implicated drugs (68 %, <em>N</em> = 19); and most of the deceased were under 30 years of age (82 %, <em>N</em> = 23). Thematic framework analysis identified nine themes in the deaths across three categories. ‘Polysubstance use’ was the most common theme (82 % of cases, <em>N</em> = 23/28), followed by a suboptimal ‘physical environment’ (70 % of cases where this information was available, <em>N</em> = 14/20).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The profound and often unpredictable effects of psychedelics pose a unique profile of risks and adverse reactions. Nevertheless, psychedelic-related deaths remain very rare in comparison to other recreational drugs, and frequently involve polydrug use. Implications for harm reduction and policy are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111177"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabidiol exerts antipyretic effects by downmodulating inflammatory mediators in LPS-induced fever","authors":"Emilly S.S. Andres ,&nbsp;Patrícia Passaglia ,&nbsp;Wanderson S. Santos ,&nbsp;Isis P. Trajano ,&nbsp;Renato Nery Soriano ,&nbsp;Lucas Miranda Marques ,&nbsp;Glauce C. Nascimento ,&nbsp;Elaine Del-Bel ,&nbsp;Luiz G.S. Branco","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contrasting to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) has virtually no psychoactive effects and thus presents a minor risk for abuse. Furthermore, emerging preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that CBD exerts several beneficial pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Even though fever is one of the responses associated with systemic inflammation, no previous study assessed the putative impact of CBD on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fever. The present study aimed to evaluate whether CBD exerts effects on febrile responses, by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and the inflammatory reflex, in this response. CBD caused no change in euthermic mice, indicating that it does not alter euthermia. Conversely, CBD blunted all the assessed systemic inflammation parameters including fever (a hallmark of infection), plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) surges, and hypothalamic PGE₂ (the proximal mediator of fever) synthesis. Moreover, CBD also reduced LPS-induced increase in plasma corticosterone levels and spleen TNF-α. These data are consistent with the notion that CBD has antipyretic effects, reducing peripheral febrigenic signaling (plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines levels), and eventually down-modulating hypothalamic PGE₂ production, possibly in a corticosterone- and inflammatory reflex-dependent manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111178"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NRN1 genetic variability and methylation changes as biomarkers for cognitive remediation therapy response in schizophrenia","authors":"Carmen Almodóvar-Payá ,&nbsp;Irene París-Gómez ,&nbsp;Mariona Latorre-Guardia ,&nbsp;Maria Guardiola-Ripoll ,&nbsp;Rosa Catalán ,&nbsp;Bárbara Arias ,&nbsp;Rafael Penadés ,&nbsp;Mar Fatjó-Vilas","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) demonstrates potential in enhancing cognitive function in schizophrenia (SZ), though the identification of molecular biomarkers remains challenging. The Neuritin-1 gene (<em>NRN1</em>) emerges as a promising candidate gene due to its association with SZ, cognitive performance and response to neurotherapeutic treatments. We aimed to investigate whether <em>NRN1</em> genetic variability and methylation changes following CRT are related to cognitive improvements.</div><div>Twenty-five SZ patients were randomly assigned to CRT or treatment-as-usual (TAU) groups, with cognitive function and <em>NRN1</em> methylation assessed pre- and post-intervention using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery and EpiTYPER. Besides, eleven <em>NRN1</em> polymorphisms were genotyped. Methylation changes (Δm = post - pre) were analyzed via sparse Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) to identify latent components (LCs) distinguishing CRT from TAU. To further explore methylation patterns of these LCs, CpG units were grouped into two subsets, yielding Δm means for those with increased and decreased methylation. Cognitive changes (Δcog = post - pre) were used to identify CRT improvers (CRT-I, Δcog ≥ 1), and the association between methylation changes and cognitive improvements post-therapy was also tested.</div><div>We identified two LCs that differentiated CRT from TAU with a classification error rate of 0.28. The main component, LC1, included 25 CpG units. The subsets of CpG units with increased and decreased post-therapy methylation differed significantly between the two treatment arms, suggesting that differences were not merely data-driven but reflected meaningful biological variation. Additionally, CpG units linked to therapy were also associated with cognitive improvement, with LC1 and the subset of CpG units showing increased methylation post-therapy distinguishing CRT-I from the rest of the patients across multiple cognitive domains. Furthermore, the effect of LC1 on speed processing improvement after CRT was enhanced by considering the <em>NRN1</em>-rs9405890 polymorphism. Notably, these CpG units, particularly those with increased methylation after CRT, overlapped with key gene regulatory elements.</div><div>Our model, integrating genetics and epigenetics, boosts the understanding of CRT response variability and highlights this multi-level approach as a promising strategy for identifying potential <em>NRN1</em>-related biomarkers of CRT effects, though further studies with larger samples are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111175"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the genetic landscape of the brain-heart axis: A comprehensive analysis of pleiotropic effects between heart disease and psychiatric disorders","authors":"Qifeng Song ,&nbsp;Cheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Cihan Wang ,&nbsp;Chenlong Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The genetic links between heart disease and psychiatric disorders are complex and not well understood. This study uses genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and advanced multilevel analyses to explore these connections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed GWAS data from seven psychiatric disorders and five types of heart disease. Genetic correlations and overlaps were examined using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), high-definition likelihood (HDL), and Genetic analysis incorporating Pleiotropy and Annotation (GPA). Pleiotropic single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) were identified with pleiotropic analysis under the composite null hypothesis (PLACO) and annotated via Functional mapping and annotation of genetic associations (FUMA). Potential pleiotropic genes were identified using Multi-marker Analysis of GenoMic Annotation (MAGMA) and Summary data-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 35 trait pairs, 32 showed significant genetic correlations or overlaps. PLACO identified 15,077 SNVs, with 287 recognized as pleiotropic loci and 20 colocalization sites. MAGMA and SMR revealed 75 potential pleiotropic genes involved in diverse pathways, including cancer, neurodevelopment, and cellular organization. Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) queries provided evidence linking multiple genes to heart or psychiatric disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This analysis reveals loci and genes with pleiotropic effects between heart disease and psychiatric disorders, highlighting shared biological pathways. These findings illuminate the genetic mechanisms underlying the brain-heart axis and suggest shared biological foundations for these conditions, offering potential targets for future prevention and treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111172"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levodopa therapy affects brain functional network dynamics in Parkinson's disease","authors":"Xiaojin Liu ,&nbsp;Yuze Zhang ,&nbsp;Yihe Weng ,&nbsp;Miao Zhong ,&nbsp;Lijuan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenni Gao ,&nbsp;Huiqing Hu ,&nbsp;Yuhu Zhang ,&nbsp;Biao Huang ,&nbsp;Ruiwang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Levodopa (L-dopa) therapy is the most effective pharmacological treatment for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its effect on brain functional network dynamics is still unclear. Here, we recruited 26 PD patients and 24 healthy controls, and acquired their resting-state functional MRI data before (PD-OFF) and after (PD-ON) receiving 400 mg L-dopa. Using the independent component analysis and the sliding-window approach, we estimated the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) and examined the effect of L-dopa on the temporal properties of dFC states, the variability of dFC and functional network topological organization. We found that PD-ON showed decreased mean dwell time in sparsely connected State 2 than PD-OFF, the transformation of the dFC state is more frequent and the variability of dFC was decreased within the auditory network and sensorimotor network in PD-ON. Our findings provide new insights to understand the dynamic neural activity induced by L-dopa therapy in PD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111169"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling negative reinforcement, working memory, and deductive reasoning deficits in elevated BMI","authors":"Gibson Weydmann ,&nbsp;Igor Palmieri ,&nbsp;Reinaldo A.G. Simões ,&nbsp;Samara Buchmann ,&nbsp;Eduardo Schmidt ,&nbsp;Paulina Alves ,&nbsp;Lisiane Bizarro","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuropsychological data suggest that being overweight or obese is associated with a tendency to perseverate behavior despite negative feedback. This deficit might be observed due to other cognitive factors, such as working memory (WM) deficits or decreased ability to deduce model-based strategies when learning by trial-and-error. In the present study, a group of subjects with overweight or obesity (Ow/Ob, <em>n</em> = 30) was compared to normal-weight individuals (<em>n</em> = 42) in a modified Reinforcement Learning (RL) task. The task was designed to control WM effects on learning by manipulating cognitive load and to foster model-based learning via deductive reasoning. Computational modelling and analysis were conducted to isolate parameters related to RL mechanisms, WM use, and model-based learning (deduction parameter). Results showed that subjects with Ow/Ob had a higher number of perseverative errors and used a weaker deduction mechanism in their performance than control individuals, indicating impairments in negative reinforcement and model-based learning, whereas WM impairments were not responsible for deficits in RL. The present data suggests that obesity is associated with impairments in negative reinforcement and model-based learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 111173"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}