Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Secondary full thickness macular holes following complete vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: rare occurrence with good closure rate.","authors":"Verena Schöneberger, Rahul A Jonas, Leonie Menghesha, Claudia Brockmann, Tim U Krohne, Claus Cursiefen, Thomas A Fuchsluger, Friederike Schaub","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Formation of a full thickness macular hole (FTMH) after vitrectomy is rare. The aim of this study was to describe risk factors, clinical course, anatomical and functional prognosis of secondary FTMH development following surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study. Eyes treated for RRD at two centers between 01/2012 and 12/2022 were screened and those that developed secondary FTMH after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) without membrane peeling were included in our analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>29 eyes (mean age 58.9±9.5 years, 51.7% female) of 5,219 eyes developed secondary FTMH following PPV for retinal detachment, equaling a rate of 0.56%. Median interval between vitrectomy and FTMH diagnosis was 14.0 months (Q1 2.0; Q3 61.0; range 1 - 373). FTMH was treated by re-PPV, Membrane limitans interna peeling, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6 20-25%) endotamponade in 22, silicone oil in 6, and heavy silicone oil in 1 eye. In 88.0% FTMH closure was observed after surgery. Postoperative mean visual acuity of all eyes was 20/145 Snellen (0.86±0.76 logMAR) versus preoperative 20/215 (1.03±0.43; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Secondary FTMH after RRD repair is a rare occurrence complication and can often be successfully treated by re-PPV. Visual acuity improves following successful hole closure, but less than in primary FTMHs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A combination regimen of Intravitreal clindamycin with dexamethasone, systemic co-trimoxazole and steroids for macular Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis in immunocompetent cases.","authors":"Sushree Satavasia, Akshay Mishra, Vishal Jadhav, Talluri Ronnie Abhishek, Anup Kelgaonkar, Anamika Patel, Soumyava Basu, Avinash Pathengay","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To study the role of intravitreal clindamycin with dexamethasone as an adjuvant to systemic co-trimoxazole and steroids in macular Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study of Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis cases from January 2014 to December 2021 treated with a combination of oral and intravitreal therapy in immunocompetent patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>39 eyes of 39 patients were included in this study after meeting the inclusion criteria with the mean age of presentation being 25.25 years (± 9.30; range 4-52 years). Male preponderance with 61.53 % of males (n = 24) and 38.47% of females (n = 15) was observed. Active retinitis was unilateral in all eyes (20 right eyes; 19 left eyes). Five lines of improvement in vision acuity on ETDRS chart were noted at final visit. The location of retinitis was either foveal (n=24) or extrafoveal (n=15). The mean size of retinitis was 1.24 ± 0.70-disc diameter. The mean number of injections given was 1.79 with a mean interval of 1.39 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intravitreal clindamycin with dexamethasone when used as an adjunct to systemic therapy showed resolution of retinitis in all cases with visual improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Knife cut technique\". A new way for intra ocular lens (IOL) explantation.","authors":"Marc Muraine, Julie Gueudry, Umberto Lorenzi","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We report a novel technique which enables to cut any kind of foldable lens and extract it using capsulorhexis forceps and a 1.2 mm single-use slit angled knife.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The technique consists in using the capsulorhexis forceps to mantain and stabilize the IOL in the anterior chamber, and while one hand holds the IOL in that way, the second hand introduces a 1.2 mm slit angled knife through a paracenthesis and cuts the IOL on 3/4 of his diameter. The IOL is then extracted in one or twe pieces.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Since march 2021 we performed the technique in 82 eyes of 79 patients. Learning curve was very fast and the technique was easily managed by two experimented surgeons.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intraocular lens (IOL) explantation is not a simple surgical technique, and requires potentially dangerous surgical maneuvers hence the description of several surgical techniques, and the existence of expensive extraction kits which provide micro scissors and micro forceps to cut the lens more easily. We believe that the knife cut technique, which has never described to this day, is particularly interesting since it is cheap, easy to do, and useful for all foldable IOL explantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravitreal Sustained Release Steroid Implants Are Safe and Effective in Patients With Glaucoma Drainage Devices.","authors":"Henry W Zhou, Rachel Tandias, Edward S Lu, Sandra Hoyek, Michael M Lin, John B Miller, David Solá-Del Valle, Nimesh A Patel","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe effects of sustained-release steroid delivery devices on intraocular pressure (IOP) in eyes with glaucoma drainage devices (GDD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective case series of eyes with steroid implants (dexamethasone or fluocinolone acetonide) and prior GDD (Ahmed, Baerveldt) without uveitis. Outcomes included IOP, IOP rise, central foveal thickness (CFT), and IOP medications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 14 eyes (14 patients, 38% male, 94% pseudophakic). Mean age at steroid implantation was 64 ± 12 years. Baerveldt (64%) was more common than Ahmed (36%). Tubes were in the anterior chamber (57.1%), sulcus (28.6%), and pars plana (14.3%). Ozurdex (93%) was more common than Yutiq (7%). Mean IOP was 13.5 ± 3.4 mmHg pre-implant, 11.8 ± 3.7 mmHg at month 1, 13.3 ± 3.6 mmHg at month 3 (p=0.35), and 11.3 ± 3.8 mmHg at 1 year (p=0.032). Mean antihypertensive medications was unchanged at month 3 (p = 1.0), and -0.36 medications at last follow-up (p = 0.35). Mean CFT change was -204 ± 158 μm (p = 0.001). There were no cases of endophthalmitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intravitreal steroid implants were safe and effective for the treatment of post-surgical CME in patients with pre-existing GDD. There was no increase in IOP and no increase in antihypertensive drops.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Split-Thickness Thin Amniotic Membrane Graft for Closure of Refractory or Large Macular Holes.","authors":"Vichar Trivedi, Qisheng You, Patrick Sy Lee, Jacob Im, David V Tran, Rao Me, Brian Benenati, Andrew Gregory, Kim Le, Xihui Lin","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the effectiveness of split-thickness amniotic membrane (SAM) grafts in achieving closure of refractory or large macular holes (MH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study reviewed data from patients who underwent surgical repair of MHs using SAM grafts between January 2019 and December 2023. Key parameters, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and MH size, were evaluated both preoperatively and postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 13 patients (9 females; mean age 63.5 years). Before surgery, the median BCVA was 1.30 ± 0.56 LogMAR (approximate Snellen equivalent: 20/400), and the median MH size measured 717 ± 246.6 µm. After an average follow-up period of 28 months, the median BCVA improved significantly to 1.00 ± 0.52 LogMAR (p < 0.05) (approximate Snellen equivalent: 20/200). All MHs were successfully closed, and no intraoperative complications were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SAM grafting is a safe and reliable option for closing refractory or large MHs, resulting in significant improvements in BCVA and successful hole closure. Compared to full-thickness grafts, SAM grafts offer advantages such as increased flexibility in placement and ease of removal post-closure, due to their thinner and more pliable nature, which facilitates easier handling and positioning within the MH.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dexamethasone Intravitreal Injection in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery: an updated literature review.","authors":"Alessandro Meduri, Laura De Luca, Giovanni William Oliverio, Maura Mancini, Letteria Minutoli, Francesca Silvagno, Loredana Bergandi, Pasquale Aragona","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This literature review synthetizes current evidence on the timing and efficacy of dexamethasone intravitreal injections for diabetic macular edema (DME) in patients undergoing cataract surgery, particularly phacoemulsification, to determine the optimal timing for improved outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of the literature was conducted across key databases to identify peer-reviewed studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses addressing dexamethasone injections administered pre-, intra-, and post-operatively for DME in the context of cataract surgery. Studies were selected based on relevance to timing, visual outcomes, and inflammation control, with a focus on comparative efficacy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings suggest that timely dexamethasone injections can substantially reduce inflammation and enhance visual recovery for patients with DME undergoing cataract surgery. Studies indicate that preoperative injections may effectively dampen the inflammatory response triggered by surgical trauma, potentially preserving retinal integrity, while intraoperative and postoperative administrations contribute to sustained anti-inflammatory effects during the recovery phase. Comparative studies also highlight dexamethasone's advantages over other anti-inflammatory treatments, such as NSAIDs, particularly in preventing cystoid macular edema. Notably, there was considerable variation in dosage and timing across studies, underscoring the need for standardized treatment protocols.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dexamethasone intravitreal injections offer a valuable intervention for managing DME in diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery, with optimal timing playing a crucial role in maximizing therapeutic benefits. Preoperative injections appear to be particularly beneficial in reducing the risk of postoperative inflammatory complications. Further research should focus on developing comprehensive guidelines for timing and dosage to standardize treatment and improve patient outcomes in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transscleral Pars Plana Choroid Ablation Using the Iridex Laser System Yields Improvements for Surgical Insertion of the Port Delivery Implant in a Minipig Model.","authors":"Amy Shelton, Melissa Schutten, Reina N Fuji, Ryan Boyd, Victoria Stevenson, Matthew Leahy, Lauren Knupp, Juelline Lieng, Devon Thompson, Tammy Tam, Kevin LaMarche, Giulio Barteselli, Varun Malhotra, Vladimir Bantseev","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate an alternative surgical approach for Port Delivery System with ranibizumab (PDS) implant and a novel application of Iridex laser system in Gottingen minipig model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of seventeen male minipigs (Part 1: 9 animals in non-recovery and Part 2: 8 animals observed for 8-days post-surgery Part 2) received PDS implant insertion into each eye. The effect of Iridex 810 nm infrared diode laser with varying energy (power or duration) on transscleral pars plana ablation, surrounding ocular tissue and postsurgical vitreous hemorrhage (VH) was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most effective laser parameters for transscleral pars plana ablation in mitigating vitreous hemorrhage with no surrounding tissue damage were continuous wave mode, 1750 mW, 1000 ms, and 16 spots (8 overlapping spots/sweep applied over 2 rows) across a 4 mm segment, posterior to the limbus, delivering a total energy of 28 J. Minimal self-limiting scleral hemorrhage was observed with two of the implants and no VH were observed. µCT imaging was consistent with clinical ophthalmic.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>On microscopic observations, no tissue damage was observed at these laser settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This Göttingen minipig model demonstrated a novel application of Iridex laser for transscleral pars plana ablation that streamlines the PDS implantation surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Practical and Simplified Method for Structure-Function Analysis in Patients with Glaucoma and Retinal Disease.","authors":"Jin Kyun Oh, Lam Lu, C Gustavo DeMoraes, Jeffrey M Liebmann, Stanley Chang","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe an accessible method of structure-function correlation using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and virtual reality perimetry (VRP) for patients with retinal disease and glaucoma and to compare results with those of conventional Humphrey visual fields (HVF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with a diagnosis of glaucoma involving the central visual field or macula-involving retinal disease were recruited. Patients underwent ophthalmic examination followed by OCT imaging, HVF, and VRP testing. Both HVF and VRP results were compared to OCT scans to identify areas of visual field abnormality and their corresponding structural deficits. The correlation between HVF and VRP findings was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>36 eyes of 21 patients were included as part of this study. VRP was able to reliably identify visual field deficits that correlated with structural abnormalities on OCT in patients with both glaucoma involving the central visual field and complex macula-involving retinal pathology. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was 0.83 (p<0.001) for mean deviation and 0.85 (p<0.001) for pattern standard deviation between VRP and HVF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of VRP and OCT allows for practical and accurate structure-function correlation of complex retinal disease and glaucoma. This approach is particularly valuable in identifying the contributions of confounding glaucoma and retinal disease in patients with multiple disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focal Scleral Nodules: Retrospective Case Series and Novel Insight.","authors":"Haaris A Shiwani, Danyal Memon, Usman Hayat, Ali Lamin, Kieran Finch, Talha Soorma, Donia El-Nemr, Loreena Bilal, Ritu Chaturvedi, Guillermo De La Mata","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study was to add to the limited literature of Focal Scleral Nodule (FSN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a single-centre, retrospective, observational case series performed at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital (United Kingdom). Nineteen eyes from nineteen patients over a thirteen year period (January 2011 to January 2024) were included. The principal observations were taken from patient demographic data, fundal and autofluorescence imaging, and OCT-EDI imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most patients with FSN were female, with median age of 47 years and median visual acuity of 20/20 Snellen. FSN were yellow, yellow-white, orange or orange halo in appearance. Median horizontal length of a FSN was 2.02mm (range 0.34mm-4.79mm) and median thickness was 417μm (range 272μm-803μm). The choroid above the FSN was thinned in 9 and absent in 10 cases. Most FSN appeared hyper-autofluorescent on autofluorescence imaging. Extramacular FSN appeared directly inferiorly to the optic disc in 7, infero-temporally in 5, supero-nasally in 2, and supero-temporally in 5 cases. Seven patients demonstrated FSN within the macula, and 2 of these had subretinal fluid. Further investigation revealed one of these patients with subretinal fluid had polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) at the same area as the FSN.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study analysed FSN lesions of a medium-sized group over a large timeframe. It provides more data in the literature for an uncommon ophthalmic lesion. Furthermore, the study described the first known case in the literature of FSN with PCV in the same area. This finding highlights a potential new complication of the condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QUANTIFICATION OF CAPILLARY BLOOD FLOW SPEEDS IN DIABETIC RETINOPATHY USING VARIABLE INTERSCAN TIME ANALYSIS OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY.","authors":"Yunchan Hwang, Hiroyuki Takahashi, Jungeun Won, Antonio Yaghy, Anna Marmalidou, Stephanie M Kaiser, Muhammad Usman Jamil, Caroline R Baumal, Nadia K Waheed, James G Fujimoto","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004279","DOIUrl":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate retinal capillary plexus capillary flow speed and vessel density in diabetic retinopathy and normal subjects using variable interscan time analysis optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>High speed swept source OCTA imaging using multiple interscan times was performed over a 5 mm × 5 mm field-of-view with 600 kHz A-scan rate. Second-generation variable interscan time analysis OCTA was used to measure a surrogate marker for capillary blood flow speed, variable interscan time analysis flow speed (VFS), in the superficial and intermediate capillary plexuses VFS , and deep capillary plexus VFS . Vessel density was measured using OCTA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-seven eyes with different diabetic retinopathy severity and 37 normal eyes were analyzed. Variable interscan time analysis OCTA provided diverse blood flow speed information, including pseudo-color OCTA and mean flow speed in different regions. Both deep capillary plexus VFS and deep capillary plexus VFS /(superficial and intermediate capillary plexuses) VFS were higher in diabetic retinopathy compared with normal eyes. Elevated deep capillary plexus VFS correlated with decreased deep capillary plexus vessel density in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Variable interscan time analysis OCTA can measure a quantitative biomarker for blood flow speed alterations in diabetic retinopathy and normal eyes as well as the association with vessel density in different capillary plexuses. Variable interscan time analysis OCTA is promising for studies of pathogenesis and early flow alterations, which may precede nonperfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}