Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo最新文献

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Epidemiological surveillance of canine visceral leishmaniasis in a municipality in the Western Amazon. 西亚马逊市犬内脏利什曼病的流行病学监测。
IF 1.3 4区 医学
Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo Pub Date : 2026-09-18 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202668063
Amanda Carolina Barbosa de Aguiar, Leormando Fortunato Dornelas Júnior, Eric Fabrício Marialva, Andre de Abreu Rangel Aguirre, Claudia María Ríos Velásquez, Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa, Hemelly Suldini da Silva, Carolina Bioni Garcia Teles, Amália Dos Santos Ferreira, Raiane Gosenheimer Peruffo, Ivaneide Nunes da Costa Silva, Isis Hemanuely Suldini Padilha, Janaina Rodrigues Raiser, Monizi Angélica Alves Steger, Gabriel de Sá Pitangui Almeida, Kamila Pereira de França, Lilith Helena de Castro Barroso, Sergio de Almeida Basano, Luis Marcelo Aranha Camargo
{"title":"Epidemiological surveillance of canine visceral leishmaniasis in a municipality in the Western Amazon.","authors":"Amanda Carolina Barbosa de Aguiar, Leormando Fortunato Dornelas Júnior, Eric Fabrício Marialva, Andre de Abreu Rangel Aguirre, Claudia María Ríos Velásquez, Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa, Hemelly Suldini da Silva, Carolina Bioni Garcia Teles, Amália Dos Santos Ferreira, Raiane Gosenheimer Peruffo, Ivaneide Nunes da Costa Silva, Isis Hemanuely Suldini Padilha, Janaina Rodrigues Raiser, Monizi Angélica Alves Steger, Gabriel de Sá Pitangui Almeida, Kamila Pereira de França, Lilith Helena de Castro Barroso, Sergio de Almeida Basano, Luis Marcelo Aranha Camargo","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668063","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visceral leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease of public health importance in Brazil, with expansion into peri-urban areas. This cross-sectional study evaluated 450 dogs in a municipality of the Western Amazon, Brazil, using TR-DPP® serology, ELISA confirmation, hematological analysis, PCR targeting the Hsp70 gene, and entomological surveys with CDC light traps. A total of 45 dogs (10%) were seroreactive, and 34 were confirmed by ELISA. Hemoparasites such as Babesia spp. were detected. All pooled samples were negative by PCR. Six species of phlebotomine sand flies were identified, including Nyssomyia antunesi and Migonemyia migonei. The findings suggest early exposure of dogs in an area of emerging epidemiological risk, highlighting the importance of integrated surveillance strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"68 ","pages":"e63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13588568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Primary and secondary prevention of cervical cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. 巴西圣保罗州COVID-19大流行期间宫颈癌的一级和二级预防。
IF 1.3 4区 医学
Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo Pub Date : 2026-09-18 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202668064
Thainá Siqueira de Carvalho, Marcelo Alves Ferreira, João Carlos Geber Júnior, Sandra Lorente, Carlos Dias Maciel, Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto
{"title":"Primary and secondary prevention of cervical cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sao Paulo State, Brazil.","authors":"Thainá Siqueira de Carvalho, Marcelo Alves Ferreira, João Carlos Geber Júnior, Sandra Lorente, Carlos Dias Maciel, Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668064","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cervical cancer remains an important public health problem. Prevention relies on vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) and Pap smears for early detection of precursor lesions. Both strategies should be implemented at appropriate intervals. However, the COVID-19 pandemic led to delays in preventive care, which may have negatively impacted cervical cancer (CC) indicators. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of the pandemic on the CC prevention program in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, using data from a public health database. An ecological study was conducted using quantitative data on HPV vaccination and Pap smears obtained from DATASUS between 2016 and 2021. Municipalities were grouped into clusters according to population size and their performance during 2020 and 2021 (increase or decrease in preventive services) and were compared according to socioeconomic variables. HPV vaccination rates increased in 2020, but this trend was not sustained in 2021. Regarding Pap smears, most municipalities experienced a decline in 2020, followed by an increase in 2021. Municipalities with the poorest socioeconomic indicators struggled to recover in 2021. The number of COVID-19 cases was not strongly associated with variations in preventive practices. CC prevention strategies were affected by the drop in HPV vaccination in 2021 and the postponement of routine screening during the most critical period of the pandemic, especially in the most vulnerable municipalities, which experienced a slower recovery. These findings suggest that the Brazilian healthcare system faced great challenges in both maintaining and restoring preventive care during a public health crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"68 ","pages":"e64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13588560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pediatric post-traumatic surgical site infection due to Eikenella corrodens: a case report. 儿童创伤后手术部位感染因艾肯氏菌腐蚀:1例报告。
IF 1.3 4区 医学
Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo Pub Date : 2026-08-21 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202668056
Lanhua Guo, Xinyi Zheng, Sining Yin, Jianping Yin, Kunhua Yu, Hongjuan Zhang
{"title":"Pediatric post-traumatic surgical site infection due to Eikenella corrodens: a case report.","authors":"Lanhua Guo, Xinyi Zheng, Sining Yin, Jianping Yin, Kunhua Yu, Hongjuan Zhang","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668056","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eikenella corrodens is a slow-growing, fastidious gram-negative bacillus that is often overlooked in routine diagnostic procedures. We report a case of a nine-year-old girl who developed a surgical site infection five days after debridement and suturing for craniofacial trauma. Gram staining of purulent material found gram-negative coccobacilli. The isolate was presumptively identified as Eikenella spp. by conventional culture and biochemical testing, and later confirmed as E. corrodens by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Based on the literature, amoxicillin/clavulanate was administered without formal antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Following surgical debridement and targeted antimicrobial therapy, the patient showed marked clinical improvement and achieved complete recovery within 13 days. This case highlights the importance of careful microbiological evaluation, appropriate culture conditions, and timely confirmatory identification. Close collaboration between clinicians and laboratories and access to advanced diagnostic methods or referral centers are essential for detecting uncommon pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"68 ","pages":"e56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances in the development of a vaccine for the prevention of human leptospirosis: a review. 预防人钩端螺旋体病疫苗的研究进展综述。
IF 1.3 4区 医学
Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo Pub Date : 2026-08-21 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202668055
Michele Silva de Jesus, Maria Edilene Martins de Almeida, Luís André Morais Mariúba
{"title":"Advances in the development of a vaccine for the prevention of human leptospirosis: a review.","authors":"Michele Silva de Jesus, Maria Edilene Martins de Almeida, Luís André Morais Mariúba","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668055","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leptospirosis is a zoonosis with global distribution caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. In regions with poor sanitation, leptospirosis is considered a neglected disease, resulting in approximately one million cases and thousands of deaths annually. Transmission occurs mainly through contact with the urine of infected rodents, and clinical manifestations range from mild symptoms to the severe form known as Weil's disease. Although licensed vaccines are available, they are targeted at specific risk groups. Bacterins are composed of specific serovars, induce a short-term immune response, and may cause adverse reactions. Advances in molecular biology-including sequencing of the Leptospira genome-have spurred the development of new vaccination strategies, particularly protein subunit vaccines. These vaccines are based on proteins located in the outer membrane of pathogenic Leptospira species. These antigens are expressed in prokaryotic hosts, exhibit high immunogenicity, and, because they are directly exposed to the host's immune system, are considered promising targets for the development of safer and more effective vaccines. Among the main antigens studied, the most notable are LipL32, LipL41, OmpL1, OmpL37, Loa22, LigA, and LigB. However, the identification of antigens capable of inducing an effective immune response while containing conserved regions across different serovars remains a major challenge in developing a universal vaccine against leptospirosis. This review presents the principal outer membrane proteins of pathogenic Leptospira that are considered promising candidates for new vaccine formulations, as well as their role in inducing the immune response in the human host.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"68 ","pages":"e55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Systemic loxoscelism with hemolysis and positive Coombs: diagnostic and physiopathological implications. 伴有溶血和Coombs阳性的系统性loxoselism:诊断和生理病理意义。
IF 1.3 4区 医学
Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo Pub Date : 2026-08-21 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202668058
Júlia Alcântara Costa, Leticya Ribeiro Rocha, Adebal de Andrade Filho, Cecilia Maria de Souza Lagares Dabien Haddad, Juliana Sartorelo Almeida
{"title":"Systemic loxoscelism with hemolysis and positive Coombs: diagnostic and physiopathological implications.","authors":"Júlia Alcântara Costa, Leticya Ribeiro Rocha, Adebal de Andrade Filho, Cecilia Maria de Souza Lagares Dabien Haddad, Juliana Sartorelo Almeida","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668058","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brown spider (Loxosceles) envenomation is a critical public health issue in Brazil, the systemic cutaneous-hemolytic form of which represents a rare but life-threatening complication. This manifestation is primarily driven by sphingomyelinase D, a potent toxin that triggers a complex cascade of direct erythrocyte membrane disruption and complement-mediated destruction. While systemic cases are more frequently documented in younger populations, reports in octogenarians are exceptionally rare, posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study details a rare case of cutaneous-hemolytic loxoscelism in an 82-year-old woman. Initially misdiagnosed with a primary skin infection, the patient presented four days post-injury with a 6-cm necrotic lesion, fever, and anemia. Laboratory evaluation confirmed a significant hemoglobin drop, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and a strongly positive direct antiglobulin test (4+), indicating immune-mediated hemolysis. Management included specific antivenom and high-dose corticosteroid therapy (prednisone), leading to clinical stabilization without the need for blood transfusion. The patient was monitored in the intensive care unit with conservative wound management. This report emphasizes that prompt recognition and multidisciplinary intervention are vital for favorable outcomes in rare, high-risk geriatric presentations with prominent synergy between toxic effects and immune dysregulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"68 ","pages":"e58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative analysis of routine peripheral blood parameters in influenza and COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study. 流感和COVID-19患者外周血常规参数的回顾性比较分析。
IF 1.3 4区 医学
Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo Pub Date : 2026-08-21 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202668057
Mingquan Shang, Xin Ma, Qiang Xu, Hongmei Niu, Fuqian Zhao, Lei Wang, Daofu Shen
{"title":"Comparative analysis of routine peripheral blood parameters in influenza and COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study.","authors":"Mingquan Shang, Xin Ma, Qiang Xu, Hongmei Niu, Fuqian Zhao, Lei Wang, Daofu Shen","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668057","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza and COVID-19 are major causes of respiratory illness, and differentiating between them remains a clinical challenge when molecular testing is unavailable. This retrospective study evaluated whether routine peripheral blood parameters could aid in this differentiation. Data from 848 participants (225 influenza, 358 COVID-19, and 265 healthy controls) were analyzed. Among all tested parameters, only white blood cell (WBC) count and age differed significantly between influenza and COVID-19 patients (median WBC: 8.45 versus 6.67×109/L, p<0.001; median age: 67 versus 71 years, p<0.001). Notably, procalcitonin (PCT) levels did not differ significantly between the two groups (p>0.05). The composite index WBC/Age amplified intergroup differences more effectively than other composite indices, including WBC×PCT, which produced a weaker effect. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed poor discrimination for all parameters and models: WBC count (AUC=0.67), age (AUC=0.59), WBC×PCT (AUC=0.60), and a logistic regression model combining WBC and age (AUC=0.67). Age-stratified analysis confirmed that WBC count remained significantly higher in influenza patients in both younger and older subgroups, but discriminatory performance was similarly limited (AUC=0.64 and 0.68, respectively). These findings indicate that, despite statistical differences in WBC count and age, routine blood parameters-whether alone or in combination-lack sufficient discriminatory power to reliably differentiate influenza from COVID-19 in this study. Molecular testing remains essential for accurate diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"68 ","pages":"e57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HTLV-1-associated diseases: a systematic review. htlv -1相关疾病:系统综述
IF 1.3 4区 医学
Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo Pub Date : 2026-08-07 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202668054
Rosa Maria Nascimento Marcusso, Víctor Ângelo Folgosi, Augusto César Penalva de Oliveira, Jorge Casseb
{"title":"HTLV-1-associated diseases: a systematic review.","authors":"Rosa Maria Nascimento Marcusso, Víctor Ângelo Folgosi, Augusto César Penalva de Oliveira, Jorge Casseb","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668054","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a human retrovirus associated with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. While most people living with HTLV-1 remain asymptomatic, a proportion develops severe conditions such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma or HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Increasing evidence also indicates that HTLV-1 infection is related to multiple systemic complications involving different organ systems (including neurological, pulmonary, dermatological, rheumatological, and ophthalmological disorders) and opportunistic infections. Given the growing recognition of these diverse manifestations, this review aims to compile and synthesize the scientific evidence regarding clinical manifestations, co-infections, opportunistic diseases, and complications related to HTLV-1 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"68 ","pages":"e54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148726914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Occurrence of Culex (Microculex) Theobald, 1907 in a polyvinyl chloride trap container indicates an ongoing adaptation process to anthropized environment. 聚氯乙烯捕集器中出现的小库蚊(Microculex) Theobald, 1907表明其正在进行对人类环境的适应过程。
IF 1.3 4区 医学
Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo Pub Date : 2026-08-07 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202668053
Rafael Oliveira-Christe, Luiz Carlos de Oliveira, Jair Donizete da Silva, Mauro Toledo Marrelli
{"title":"Occurrence of Culex (Microculex) Theobald, 1907 in a polyvinyl chloride trap container indicates an ongoing adaptation process to anthropized environment.","authors":"Rafael Oliveira-Christe, Luiz Carlos de Oliveira, Jair Donizete da Silva, Mauro Toledo Marrelli","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668053","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microculex mosquitoes are widespread in Central and South America and typically oviposit in phytotelmata breeding sites. However, some species also tend to oviposit in artificial containers. Artificial containers made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC traps) were installed and monitored in Pariquera-Acu and Cananeia, São Paulo State, Brazil for six months (December 2024 to August 2025) to test their efficiencies in collecting mosquitoes. Of the four collected species, three are considered sylvatic species: Toxorhynchites (Megarhina) theobaldi, Culex (Microculex) imitator, and Limatus durhamii. Culex (Microculex) imitator specimens were collected for the first time in an artificial breeding site. This finding indicates that Cx. imitator tend to use artificial containers for reproduction. Continuous monitoring and research on the ecology and epidemiological relevance of Cx. imitator is essential given the limited information on its potential role as an arbovirus vector.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"68 ","pages":"e53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148726277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chest pain and eosinophilia in a middle-aged female caused by hookworm infection: a case report. 钩虫感染致中年女性胸痛及嗜酸性粒细胞增多1例。
IF 1.3 4区 医学
Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo Pub Date : 2026-08-07 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202668052
Bo Jiang, Xiaoyan Zhu
{"title":"Chest pain and eosinophilia in a middle-aged female caused by hookworm infection: a case report.","authors":"Bo Jiang, Xiaoyan Zhu","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668052","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hookworm infection, while often asymptomatic, may rarely cause Löffler syndrome. We report the case of a 45-year-old female farmer who presented with a 10-year history of recurrent chest pain. Laboratory tests revealed marked eosinophilia (33.4%) and microcytic anemia. Cardiac and abdominal imaging findings were normal. Stool microscopy confirmed hookworm infection. Treatment of oral mebendazole (400 mg twice daily) for three days resulted in complete resolution of symptoms, normalization of eosinophil count, and clearance of parasites on follow-up. This case highlights hookworm infection as a potential cause of eosinophilia and chest pain in endemic regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"68 ","pages":"e52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148725681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coinfection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rhodococcus equi in advanced HIV. 晚期HIV合并结核分枝杆菌和马红球菌感染。
IF 1.3 4区 医学
Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo Pub Date : 2026-08-03 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202668051
Mariana Soares Kajita, Erika Yuki Mogami Bomfim, Gabriella Cecilia Vanin, João Vitor Matachon Viana, Guilherme Kenzo Shimizu Saito, Ceila Maria Sant'Ana Malaque, Jaques Sztajnbok
{"title":"Coinfection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rhodococcus equi in advanced HIV.","authors":"Mariana Soares Kajita, Erika Yuki Mogami Bomfim, Gabriella Cecilia Vanin, João Vitor Matachon Viana, Guilherme Kenzo Shimizu Saito, Ceila Maria Sant'Ana Malaque, Jaques Sztajnbok","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668051","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202668051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 28-year-old man with HIV (diagnosed eight years prior, last CD4 count 23 cells/mm3) and prior tuberculosis (cured, then confirmedly reinfected with treatment default) presented with cachexia, diarrhea, chest pain, and tachypnea with increased work of breathing that required orotracheal intubation. Admission chest CT showed extensive bilateral consolidations with air bronchograms, suggestive of previous mycobacterial infection and/or possible new bacterial infection. Initially managed as sepsis, blood cultures grew Rhodococcus equi (four samples). Molecular testing confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum and tracheal aspirate, establishing coinfection and exceeding the similarities in acid-fast staining, clinical, and radiological findings between the two organisms. Treatment included antituberculosis therapy associated with clarithromycin and vancomycin (14 days). The patient achieved complete clinical improvement with partial radiological resolution (residual cavitations). He was discharged after 25 days, but was lost to follow-up and died three months later from probable septic shock. This report highlights a rare M. tuberculosis/R. equi coinfection in an immunosuppressed patient, emphasizing diagnostic challenges and the importance of therapeutic adherence in advanced HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"68 ","pages":"e51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13432561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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