Gabriel Rotsen Fortes Aguiar, Roberto Cesar de Moura Silva, Karla Cristina Silva Petruccelli, Michael Nascimento Oliveira, Gabriel Antônio Uchôa de Brito, Polianna Lemos Moura Moreira Albuquerque, Elizabeth De Francesco Daher, Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Junior
{"title":"Haff disease: overview and clinical features.","authors":"Gabriel Rotsen Fortes Aguiar, Roberto Cesar de Moura Silva, Karla Cristina Silva Petruccelli, Michael Nascimento Oliveira, Gabriel Antônio Uchôa de Brito, Polianna Lemos Moura Moreira Albuquerque, Elizabeth De Francesco Daher, Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Junior","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946202466052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haff disease was first described at the beginning of the twentieth century in Europe. Almost a century later, thousands of cases have now been reported in different countries. In Brazil, most cases are observed in the Amazon region, and its associated factors remain to be fully understood. This disease is an uncommon syndrome characterized by intense myalgia and rhabdomyolysis, which manifests within 24 h after consuming some types of freshwater or saltwater fish and crustaceans. A possible heat-stable toxin contained in seafood may be the cause of Haff disease, but this hypothesis is not yet completely proven. This review will describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of Haff disease with updated literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elisiane Rodrigues Dos Santos, Juberlan Silva Garcia
{"title":"Intermediate and definitive hosts of wild Schistosoma mansoni: ecological niche modeling of hosts in low endemicity areas.","authors":"Elisiane Rodrigues Dos Santos, Juberlan Silva Garcia","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946202466053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between the environment and animal life began to be seen as an important tool to help control zoonoses. Climate variations lead to changes in the environment, which can influence the spatial distribution of species and, consequently, the spread of diseases to humans. Considered the main non-human definitive host species of Schistosoma mansoni in Brazil, the wild rodent Nectomys squamipes plays an important role as a reservoir in maintaining the schistosomiasis cycle in the absence of humans. This study demonstrates the results of ecological niche modeling of intermediate and definitive wild hosts of S. mansoni in the Regional Health Superintendence of Barbacena (Minas Gerais State), which has registered 31 municipalities, 80% of which are classified as endemic for parasitosis. Environmental variables associated with the distribution of each species were used based on information from the scientific collections of Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and Species Link to project the ecological niche model in the geographic space. Abiotic variables such as the mean annual temperature, isothermality, and precipitation seasonality were obtained from World Clim. Ecological niche modeling of the wild host, N. squamipes, revealed the occurrence of the species in geographic overlap with the Biomphalaria species. Knowing the influence of bioclimatic variables and identifying favorable conditions for the establishment, occurrence, and distribution of species are important information for developing strategic actions for the surveillance and control of this endemic species. The presence of the definitive wild host needs to be considered by control programs of schistosomiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hailah M Almohaimeed, Ahmed M Abdulfattah, Fayez Alsulaimani, Aisha Alshammary, Mohammad Osama Almohaini, Khowlah Abdulrahman Almehiny, Almonther Abdullah Hershan, Abdullah Saleh Alkhamiss, Ruqaih S Alghsham, Hanaa Ghabban, Mona H Soliman, Jamal A Alorabi, Waleed Al Abdulmonem
{"title":"Prediction of promiscuous multiepitope-based peptide vaccine against RdRp of rotavirus using immunoinformatics studies.","authors":"Hailah M Almohaimeed, Ahmed M Abdulfattah, Fayez Alsulaimani, Aisha Alshammary, Mohammad Osama Almohaini, Khowlah Abdulrahman Almehiny, Almonther Abdullah Hershan, Abdullah Saleh Alkhamiss, Ruqaih S Alghsham, Hanaa Ghabban, Mona H Soliman, Jamal A Alorabi, Waleed Al Abdulmonem","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946202466055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rotavirus, a dsRNA virus in the Reoviridae family, shows a segmented genome. The VP1 gene encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). This study aims to develop a multiepitope-based vaccine targeting RdRp using immunoinformatic approaches. In this study, 100 available nucleotide sequences of VP1-Rotavirus belonging to different strains across the world were retrieved from NCBI database. The selected sequences were aligned, and a global consensus sequence was developed by using CLC work bench. The study involved immunoinformatic approaches and molecular docking studies to reveal the promiscuous epitopes that can be eventually used as active vaccine candidates for Rotavirus. In total, 27 highly immunogenic, antigenic, and non-allergenic T-cell and B-cell epitopes were predicted for the Multiepitope vaccine (MEV) against rotavirus. It was also observed that MEV can prove to be effective worldwide due to its high population coverage, demonstrating the consistency of this vaccine. Moreover, there is a high docking interaction and immunological response with a binding score of -50.2 kcal/mol, suggesting the vaccine's efficacy. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) also suggest that the vaccine is physiologically and immunologically effective. Collectively, our data point to an effective MEV against rotavirus that can effectively reduce viral infections and improve the health status worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Urinary tract infections and risk of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Erping Wang, Peng Tang, Chen Chen","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466054","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the association between urinary tract infections (UTIs) during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth (PTB). We searched multiple databases for relevant observational studies, categorizing them as UTI-based (comparing PTB incidence in women with and without UTIs) or PTB-based (comparing UTI prevalence in women with and without PTB). Using a random-effects model in Stata software version 17.0, we estimated pooled and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and performed subgroup, sensitivity, and cumulative analyses to explore heterogeneity. In total, 30 studies comprising 32 datasets were included, involving a total of 249,810 cases and 2,626,985 healthy controls. The meta-analysis revealed a significant positive association between UTIs during pregnancy and PTB occurrence (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.62-2.27). A sub-group analysis based on studies, the participants showed significant association in both PTB-based (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.58-2.56) and UTI-based studies (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.42-2.26). However, Egger's test indicated the presence of publication bias (p=0.020), and substantial heterogeneity was observed across the included studies (I2=96.6; p< 0.001). These findings emphasize the critical importance of early detection and effective management of UTIs in pregnant women to reduce the risk of PTB and its associated adverse outcomes. While the results highlight a robust link between UTIs during pregnancy and PTB risk, the potential influence of publication bias and substantial heterogeneity should be considered to interpret these findings. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and to develop targeted interventions for high-risk pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anemia and intestinal parasites in Mbya Guarani children, Misiones, Argentina.","authors":"Enrique-Jorge Deschutter, Rut-Karina Marczuk, Nestor-Guillermo Blanco, José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466047","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia in children of two Guarani communities in Misiones, Argentina, and to analyze its association with socioenvironmental and parasitic factors. This cross-sectional study took place in two villages, Koen Ju and Kaa Poty, and included Mbya Guarani children aged 6 months to 14 years. A multivariable analysis was performed to evaluate the association of anemia with the presence of intestinal parasites. Altogether, 162 children were included in the study: 53.1% were boys, 32.7% had low weight-for-age, and 22.2% low height-for-age. Nearly half (46.9%, n=76) had anemia, which was mainly mild (92.1%), with a few moderate cases (7.9%). Of the 109 children who underwent testing for intestinal parasites, 89 (81.7%) had at least one, and 53 (59.5%) had more than one. The main parasite was Blastocystis hominis (49.5%), followed by Entamoeba coli (47.7%), hookworms (36.7%), and Ascaris lumbricoides (31.5%). In the multivariable analysis, anemia was associated with intestinal parasitosis (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 4.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-16.5; p=0.038) and male sex (adjusted OR 2.66; 95% CI 1.08-6.47; p= 0.01). Overall, we found that both anemia and intestinal parasites are common in the pediatric population of the Guarani ethnic group. Intestinal parasites and male sex were associated with the presence of anemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Arthur Brasil Gadelha Farias, Marcos Maciel Sousa, Karene Ferreira Cavalcante, Marina Pinheiro Catunda Jucá, Aldenise de Olinda Castro, Liana Perdigão Mello, Rafael Ferreira Mesquita, Silviane Praciano Bandeira, Ana Paula Marchi, Tânia Mara Silva Coelho, Antônio Silva Lima Neto, Érico Antonio Gomes de Arruda, Silvia Figueiredo Costa, Maura Salaroli de Oliveira, Lauro Vieira Perdigão Neto
{"title":"Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus: an emergent cause of meningoencephalitis in Northeastern Brazil.","authors":"Luis Arthur Brasil Gadelha Farias, Marcos Maciel Sousa, Karene Ferreira Cavalcante, Marina Pinheiro Catunda Jucá, Aldenise de Olinda Castro, Liana Perdigão Mello, Rafael Ferreira Mesquita, Silviane Praciano Bandeira, Ana Paula Marchi, Tânia Mara Silva Coelho, Antônio Silva Lima Neto, Érico Antonio Gomes de Arruda, Silvia Figueiredo Costa, Maura Salaroli de Oliveira, Lauro Vieira Perdigão Neto","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466051","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study describes an outbreak of Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus infections that caused meningoencephalitis and bacteremia related to unpasteurized milk consumption in northeastern Brazil. Epidemiological investigations and a brief literature review were conducted. Strains with possible neurotropism had not been identified in Brazil before these cases; however, in 2023, another case of meningoencephalitis caused by Streptococcus equi sp. zooepidemicus was described, revealing the need to maintain surveillance and highlighting that these neurotropic strains continue to circulate in the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wilson Domingues, Victor Ângelo Folgosi, Sabri Saeed Sanabani, Pedro Domingos Leite Junior, Tatiane Assone, Jorge Casseb
{"title":"Novel approaches for HTLV-1 therapy: innovative applications of CRISPR-Cas9.","authors":"Wilson Domingues, Victor Ângelo Folgosi, Sabri Saeed Sanabani, Pedro Domingos Leite Junior, Tatiane Assone, Jorge Casseb","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466048","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to the Retroviridae family, genus Deltaretro, and infects approximately five to 10 million people worldwide. Although a significant number of individuals living with HTLV-1 remain asymptomatic throughout their lives, some develop one or more severe clinical conditions, such as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), a progressive and debilitating disease, and/or a subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a more threatening course known as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Moreover, current therapeutic options are limited and focus primarily on treating symptoms and controlling viral latency. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is proposed as a promising tool to address the intricate links associated with HTLV-1. By targeting or silencing key genes during initial infection and dysregulating immune signaling pathways, CRISPR-Cas9 offers potential intervention opportunities. In this review, we address the therapeutic potential of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, as well as examine the primary mechanisms involved in editing potential target genes and discuss the existing evidence in the current scientific literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vanessa Resende Nogueira Cruvinel, Eneas de Carvalho, Daiani Cristina Cilião Alves, Carla Pintas Marques, Rafael Dos Santos Bezerra, Marta Giovanetti, Sandra Coccuzzo Sampaio, Maria Carolina Elias, Wildo Navegantes de Araújo, Rodrigo Haddad, Svetoslav Nanev Slavov
{"title":"Unveiling microbial worlds: exploring viral metagenomics among waste pickers at Latin America's largest dumpsite.","authors":"Vanessa Resende Nogueira Cruvinel, Eneas de Carvalho, Daiani Cristina Cilião Alves, Carla Pintas Marques, Rafael Dos Santos Bezerra, Marta Giovanetti, Sandra Coccuzzo Sampaio, Maria Carolina Elias, Wildo Navegantes de Araújo, Rodrigo Haddad, Svetoslav Nanev Slavov","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466049","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Waste pickers constitute a marginalized demographic engaged in the collection of refuse, facing considerable occupational hazards that heighten their susceptibility to contract infectious diseases. Moreover, waste pickers contend with societal stigmatization and encounter barriers to accessing healthcare services. To explore the viral profile of waste pickers potentially linked to their occupational environment, we conducted a metagenomic analysis on 120 plasma specimens sampled from individuals employed at the Cidade Estrutural dumpsite in Brasilia city, Brazil. In total, 60 blood donors served as a comparative control group. Specimens were pooled and subjected to Illumina NextSeq 2000 sequencing. Viral abundance among waste pickers revealed the presence of significant pathogens, including HIV, HCV, and Chikungunya, which were not detected in the control group. Additionally, elevated levels of anelloviruses and Human pegivirus-1 were noted, with a comparable incidence in the control group. These findings underscore the utility of metagenomics in identifying clinically relevant viral agents within underserved populations. The implications of this study extend to informing public health policies aimed at surveilling infectious diseases among individuals facing socioeconomic disparities and limited access to healthcare resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lara Jhullian Tolentino Vieira, Gabriela Assunção Goebel, Yuri Barcelos, Luciana Oliveira Cunha, Luisa Teles Melo Santos, Roberta Maia de Castro Romanelli, Fernanda Gontijo Minafra, Andrea Lucchesi de Carvalho, Luiz Fernando Andrade de Carvalho, Lilian Martins Oliveira Diniz
{"title":"Fatal viscerotropic and neurotropic disease after yellow fever vaccine: a rare manifestation leading to diagnosis of severe combined immunodeficiency in an infant.","authors":"Lara Jhullian Tolentino Vieira, Gabriela Assunção Goebel, Yuri Barcelos, Luciana Oliveira Cunha, Luisa Teles Melo Santos, Roberta Maia de Castro Romanelli, Fernanda Gontijo Minafra, Andrea Lucchesi de Carvalho, Luiz Fernando Andrade de Carvalho, Lilian Martins Oliveira Diniz","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466050","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yellow fever vaccine (YFV) is a live attenuated vaccine that can cause a mild infection in immunocompetent patients. However, it may not be self-limiting in patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) and may be the first and most severe presentation in these patients. A 10-month-old female infant sought emergency care presenting fever for three days and diffuse exanthema. She was a previous healthy child of consanguineous parents. The child had received YFV 28 days before the onset of symptoms. Upon hospital admission, petechial rash on the limbs and hepatosplenomegaly were noted on physical exam. Laboratory tests showed thrombocytopenia, increased serum aminotransferases and elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase levels. During hospitalization she developed hypoactivity, drowsiness, and hypotonia. The possibility of viscerotropic and neurotropic vaccine associated disease was suspected and a possible primary immunodeficiency disease considered. The patient was tested for antibodies against the yellow fever virus (MAC ELISA) on serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples, showing positive IgM results. Immunophenotyping showed low levels of lymphocytes and absence of T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC), leading to diagnose of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID). Despite treatment, after 35 days of hospitalization, she evolved to cardiorespiratory arrest and death. Serious adverse events after administration of the YFV are rare and associated with neurological or visceral involvement in most cases. The unfavorable outcome highlights the importance of neonatal screening for SCID and the clinical suspicion of primary immunodeficiencies in infants who have serious adverse events to live virus vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex Junior Souza de Souza, Antônio Francisco de Souza Filho, Cristina Kraemer Zimpel, Marina Caçador Ayupe, Marcelo Valdemir de Araújo, Rafael Rahal Guaragna Machado, Erika Salles, Caio Loureiro Salgado, Mariana Silva Tavares, Taiana Tainá Silva-Pereira, Paula Carolina de Souza, Edison Luiz Durigon, Marcos Bryan Heinemann, Paulo Eduardo Brandão, Denise Morais da Fonseca, Ana Marcia de Sá Guimarães, Lilian Rose Marques de Sá
{"title":"Hepatic endotheliitis in Golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) experimentally infected with SARS-CoV-2.","authors":"Alex Junior Souza de Souza, Antônio Francisco de Souza Filho, Cristina Kraemer Zimpel, Marina Caçador Ayupe, Marcelo Valdemir de Araújo, Rafael Rahal Guaragna Machado, Erika Salles, Caio Loureiro Salgado, Mariana Silva Tavares, Taiana Tainá Silva-Pereira, Paula Carolina de Souza, Edison Luiz Durigon, Marcos Bryan Heinemann, Paulo Eduardo Brandão, Denise Morais da Fonseca, Ana Marcia de Sá Guimarães, Lilian Rose Marques de Sá","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466044","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatic injuries in COVID-19 are not yet fully understood and indirect pathways (without viral replication in the liver) have been associated with the activation of vascular mechanisms of liver injury in humans infected with SARS-CoV-2. Golden Syrian hamsters are an effective model for experimental reproduction of moderate and self-limiting lung disease during SARS-CoV-2 infection. As observed in humans, this experimental model reproduces lesions of bronchointerstitial pneumonia and pulmonary vascular lesions, including endotheliitis (attachment of lymphoid cells to the luminal surface of endothelium). Extrapulmonary vascular lesions are well documented in COVID-19, but such extrapulmonary vascular lesions have not yet been described in the Golden Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study aimed to evaluate microscopic liver lesions in Golden Syrian hamsters experimentally infected with SARS-CoV-2. In total, 38 conventional Golden Syrian hamsters, divided into infected group (n=24) and mock-infected group (n=14), were euthanized at 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 7-, 14-, and 15-days post infection with SARS-CoV-2. Liver fragments were evaluated by histopathology and immunohistochemical detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S2 antigens. The frequencies of portal vein endotheliitis, lobular activity, hepatocellular degeneration, and lobular vascular changes were higher among SARS-CoV-2-infected animals. Spike S2 antigen was not detected in liver. The main results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection exacerbated vascular and inflammatory lesions in the liver of hamsters with pre-existing hepatitis of unknown origin. A potential application of this animal model in studies of the pathogenesis and evolution of liver lesions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection still needs further evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11295288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}