Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change最新文献

{"title":"Improved irrigation and groundwater management for reducing CO2 emissions: a case study of Indian Punjab","authors":"Sanjay Satpute, Mahesh Chand Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11027-024-10117-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-024-10117-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The groundwater irrigation of high water requiring crops has started imposing negative impacts on environment in terms of increased energy requirement and depletion of green agriculture. Thus, shifting from gravity-fed (surface) irrigation to drip irrigation is a possible way of saving a substantial amount of water in relation to decreased groundwater pumping. Keeping this in view, the present study compared the change in crop water demand, energy consumption and CO₂ emission by shifting from gravity-fed/surface irrigation to drip irrigation. In the future, the potential area that can be brought under drip irrigation in the state would be about 26 times higher than that being irrigated using pressured irrigation at present. With the adoption of drip irrigation in groundwater irrigated areas, the crop water demand, energy consumption and CO₂ emission can be reduced by about 35–42%, 23–31%, and 23–31%, respectively, with water application efficiencies of 85 to 95%. In canal irrigated areas, if drip irrigation is adopted over gravity-fed irrigation, up to 32–39% water demand can be reduced, whereas the energy consumption and CO₂ emission would increase. Until, unless, water saving is not an issue in canal irrigated areas, gravity-fed irrigation methods may be adopted. Whereas in areas dominated with groundwater irrigation, pressurized irrigation methods particularly the drip system should be essentially adopted.</p>","PeriodicalId":54387,"journal":{"name":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140116482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) adaptation, adaptation determinants and extension services synergies: a systematic review","authors":"Bhavani Prasad Thottadi, S. P. Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11027-024-10113-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-024-10113-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agriculture and weather are intrinsically linked. Variations in the weather patterns due to climate change pose a foremost risk to agricultural production and food security. The IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) propagates adaptation to tackle the irreversible climate change impact and its associated risks. The Hague Conference on Agriculture, Food Security, and Climate Change in 2010 gave the concept of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) as an adaptation measure to enhance food security by raising productivity, developing resilience systems to adjust to climate change, and dropping GHG (greenhouse gases) emissions. This study systematically reviews the literature using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) to understand the different practices followed by the farmers and the factors that determine the CSA adaptation. Most importantly, it examines the role of extension services in adaptation. The results show that the adapted practices among the different study areas can be broadly categorised into resilient technologies, conservation technologies, management technologies, diversification of income security, and risk mitigation strategies. The paper finds that the CSA adaption achieves the intended benefits with possible trade-offs and is determined through the socio-economic, institutional, behavioural factors and the land’s physical characteristics. The critical evaluation of different extension systems exhibits the importance of varying field schools to promote the CSAPs. The study also emphasises developing networks among the different stakeholders, particularly between formal extension and informal extensions such as NGOs (non-governmental organisations), farmer groups, and private players, and the inclusion of ICTs (information and communication technologies) for the holistic extension systems and effective delivery to the farmers’ CSA adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54387,"journal":{"name":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140097864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An investigation of small and marginal holder farmers’ adaptation strategies to climate variability and its determinants in coastal agriculture: evidence from east coast of India","authors":"Sumit Panja, Sayani Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1007/s11027-024-10118-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-024-10118-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has mentioned that coastal areas would be the worst sufferers of climate change-induced variabilities and extremes, severely affecting the farming community, particularly in developing countries. Farmers are developing different field-based and livelihood-based adaptive mechanisms depending on several socio-economic, institutional and locational factors. Previous studies were concentrated on agriculture and its adaptation strategies against climate change, but considering coastal agriculture in the context of climate variability is largely unexplored. This study aims to find controlling factors of coping mechanisms against climate variability for coastal agriculture on the east coast of India. A questionnaire survey and focused group discussion have been conducted to collect and validate farmers’ perceptions of climate variability. The study has applied a binary logit model and established that socio-economic farming system attributes and locational factors influence farmers’ decision to adopt farm-level and livelihood adaptations. Most farmers (&gt; 80%) have perceived that rainfall variability has increased, which is a major issue for agriculture in this area. The logistic regression models successfully predicted nearly 70% of the variables in each model. The model indicated that variables like experience, education, land ownership, involvement with marine fishing and distance from the coast influenced adaptation mechanisms against climate variability. The findings of the study have underlined the factors that need more attention for better management of coastal agriculture in the context of climate variability and can help to formulate better climate adaptation policies in the coastal areas of India and areas with similar backgrounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":54387,"journal":{"name":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140075014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can social networks facilitate smallholders’ decisions to adopt climate-smart agriculture technologies? A three-level meta-analysis","authors":"Yingjie Wang, Huachun Wang, Tian Fu","doi":"10.1007/s11027-024-10106-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-024-10106-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The influence of social networks on the adoption decision for climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technologies and the relative effects of different network types remain controversial. To verify those claims, a three-level meta-analysis including 26 empirical studies and 150 effect sizes was conducted in this study. The results indicate a valid, modest yet positive correlation (0.065) between social networks and smallholders’ CSA technology adoption decisions, with no publication bias in this field. The subsequent heterogeneity test and subgroup analysis show that social network type is the main factor causing significant variation in effect sizes, with friendship and kinship networks having the greatest impact. In addition, various robustness tests were performed to verify the correctness of the model setting and moderator chosen and the stability of the heterogeneity test results. In conclusion, this study testifies to the efficacy of social networks’ roles raised by the diffusion of innovation theory. Policy implications lie in the extension of CSA technologies, which should be more ambitious, and more attention could be paid to the kinship and friendship networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":54387,"journal":{"name":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140074912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting the adoption of climate-smart agricultural technologies among maize farmers in Ghana: using digital advisory services","authors":"Bright O. Asante, Wanglin Ma, Stephen Prah, Omphile Temoso","doi":"10.1007/s11027-024-10116-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-024-10116-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although policy and advisory communities have promoted the use of digital advisory services (DAS) to stimulate technology adoption among smallholder farmers, little is known about whether DAS use encourages farmers to adopt climate-smart agricultural (CSA) technologies. This study addresses the gap by estimating data collected from 3197 maize-producing households in rural Ghana and considering three CSA technologies: row planting, zero tillage, and drought-tolerant seeds. A recursive bivariate probit model is utilized to mitigate selection bias issues. The results show that DAS use significantly increases the probabilities of adopting row planting, zero tillage, and drought-tolerant seeds by 12.4%, 4.2%, and 4.6%, respectively. Maize farmers’ decisions to use DAS are influenced by their age, gender, education, family size, asset value, distance to farm, perceived incidence of pest and disease, perceived drought stress, and membership in farmer-based organizations (FBO). Furthermore, the disaggregated analysis reveals that DAS use has a larger impact on the row planting adoption of female farmers than males.</p>","PeriodicalId":54387,"journal":{"name":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140005615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of recent estimations of climate change impact on agriculture and adaptation strategies perspectives in Africa","authors":"Sita Kone, Aminata Balde, Pam Zahonogo, Safietou Sanfo","doi":"10.1007/s11027-024-10115-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-024-10115-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The systematic review using the PRISMA protocol aims to identify the observed and projected impacts of climate change on crop production and food security, water resources, and livestock and explores the perspectives of adaptation strategies employed to cope with this challenge across African countries. The review permits visualization in one scheme of the most recent various results of ongoing climate impact on agriculture and strategies across African countries. It enables the agricultural community and policymakers to consider it as they address climate change risks to agriculture, livestock, water resources, as well as food security. Overall results from 125 selected articles show that in the last four years, there has been a lack of research on climate change-related issues analysis in agriculture in some countries, especially in Northern Africa, Middle Africa, and Southern Africa. In the same regions, studies on the impact analysis on livestock, water, and management techniques are limited. Even though the agriculture sector is severely impacted by climate change, the effects can still be positive or negative depending on the products cultivated and the region. The various adaptation strategies implemented seem to be more effective when applied as a combination than a single application. However, some challenges including the lack of knowledge, limited input access, insufficient equipment, and financial constraints in strategy adoption exist. As climate change is a persisting and continuing fact getting worse over time, the adaptation strategies implemented today may require further improvement. Thus, our study suggests that more research should be done in this area to facilitate continuous improvement. Women’s leadership is important in the adoption of sustainable adaptation strategies. The introduction of gender factors in the assessment of the effectiveness of climate change adaptation strategies and food security components is recommended. Also, serious research should be carried out to define the most impactful adaptation strategies according to the important staple growing crops by region to cope with climate change impacts in the African food system.</p>","PeriodicalId":54387,"journal":{"name":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139987728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fishermen using social-ecological resilience adapting coastal disasters","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11027-024-10110-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-024-10110-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Social-ecological resilience is not easy to understand in relation to definition and importance. Fisher folks are usually not getting recognition and importance by policymakers as well as nation. They faced several problems, and eventually, they are living with disasters. Fishers’ social-ecological resilience depends on various factors in responding to coastal disasters including their diverse capacities and skills on innovations, social capitals, network linkages, sharing, social regulations, hazard impacts, and economic instruments with the persuasion and available options for adaptation. The poor fishers often settle in the risky areas after immediate disasters for a bundle of benefits and opportunities in the risky areas. What happens with the social-ecological knowledge and resilience in relation to context and time? Local knowledge helps become resilient. Declined social bondage, norms, minimal innovations, and low level of local knowledge integration make the fisher community vulnerable and less resilient. Comparatively, the asset-less and poor communities are the most vulnerable to coastal disasters. The shared communities stand in a better position in responding to hazards and are more resilient. The blended knowledge of proven technology and locally available practices may be an effective strategy for coastal disasters’ management. The processing technologies for diverse processed food derived from fishes and other aquatic resources are essentially important for diversified livelihood opportunities in the coastal areas to combat disasters. The proposed model and approaches will contribute to the fisher communities becoming more resilient to coastal disasters.</p>","PeriodicalId":54387,"journal":{"name":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139978860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farmers’ adoption of multiple climate-smart agricultural technologies in Ghana: determinants and impacts on maize yields and net farm income","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11027-024-10114-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-024-10114-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>This study investigates the factors affecting maize farmers’ decisions to adopt climate-smart agricultural (CSA) technologies and estimates the impacts of CSA technology adoption on maize yields and net farm income. Unlike most previous studies that analyze a single technology, we consider different combinations of three CSA technologies (zero tillage, row planting, and drought-resistant seed). A multinomial endogenous switching regression model addresses selection bias issues arising from observed and unobserved factors and analyses data collected from 3197 smallholder farmers in three Ghana regions (Brong-Ahafo, Northern, and Ashanti). The findings show that smallholder farmers’ decisions to adopt multiple CSA technologies are influenced by farmer-based organization membership, education, resource constraints such as lack of land, access to markets, and production shocks such as perceived pest and disease stress and drought. We also find that adopting all three CSA technologies together has the largest impact on maize yields, while adopting row planting and zero tillage as a combination has the largest impact on net farm income. Governments should collaborate with farmer-based groups and extension officers to improve farmers’ awareness and understanding of the benefits associated with CSA technologies and help them adopt multiple technologies that generate higher benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":54387,"journal":{"name":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139953804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation technologies for climate-smart agriculture: a patent network analysis","authors":"Yeong Sheng Tey, Mark Brindal, Suryani Darham, Syahaneem Mohamad Zainalabidin","doi":"10.1007/s11027-024-10111-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-024-10111-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global interest in innovative adaptation approaches in climate-smart agriculture is growing, and adaptation technologies are expanding. This study investigates technological developments in agricultural adaptation innovation through an analysis of specific technology classifications in a global patent database. Patent keyword co-occurrence network analyses show that greenhouse technologies have received increased R&amp;D attention, while early composting processing technologies have evolved into organic fertilizer product innovation. Biotechnology has been another area of R&amp;D, seeking desirable traits suited to the changing climatic conditions. Resource restoration innovations have recently emerged. Addressing climate challenges, these technologies broaden climate-smart agriculture policy options, from general to specific operations. They provide the means for integration with nature-based adaptation strategies, but their diffusion (and hence potential) may be limited by the path dependence of ownership. While commercialization will continue to drive innovation diffusion, international cooperation is desirable to better facilitate technology transfer. Future efforts are recommended to reduce the complexity of climate-smart agriculture. As technology becomes more available and integrated with nature-based solutions, it is our recommendation that policymakers and governments should consistently seek to reduce impediments to an exchange of knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":54387,"journal":{"name":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139953751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pantropical CO2 emissions and removals for the AFOLU sector in the period 1990–2018","authors":"Sylvia S. Nyawira, Martin Herold, Kalkidan Ayele Mulatu, Rosa Maria Roman-Cuesta, Richard A. Houghton, Giacomo Grassi, Julia Pongratz, Thomas Gasser, Louis Verchot","doi":"10.1007/s11027-023-10096-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-023-10096-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transparent, accurate, comparable, and complete estimates of greenhouse gas emissions and removals are needed to support mitigation goals and performance assessments under the Paris Agreement. Here, we present a comparative analysis of the agriculture forestry and other land use (AFOLU) emission estimates from different datasets, including National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (NGHGIs), FAOSTAT, the BLUE, OSCAR, and Houghton (here after updated H&amp;N2017) bookkeeping models; Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR); and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). We disaggregate the fluxes for the forestry and other land use (FOLU) sector into forest land, deforestation, and other land uses (including non-forest land uses), while agricultural emissions are disaggregated according to the sources (i.e., livestock, croplands, rice cultivation, and agricultural fires). Considering different time periods (1990–1999, 2000–2010, and 2011–2018), we analyse the trend of the fluxes with a key focus on the tropical regions (i.e., Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, and South and Southeast Asia). Three of the five data sources indicated a decline in the net emissions over the tropics over the period 1990–2018. The net FOLU emissions for the tropics varied with values of 5.47, 5.22, 4.28, 3.21, and 1.17 GtCO₂ year⁻¹ (for BLUE, OSCAR, updated H&amp;N2017, FAOSTAT, and NGHGIs, respectively) over the recent period (2011–2018). Gross deforestation emissions over the same period were 5.87, 7.16, 5.48, 3.96, and 3.74 GtCO₂ year⁻¹ (for BLUE, OSCAR, updated H&amp;N2017, FAOSTAT, and NGHGIs). The net forestland sink was −1.97, −3.08, −2.09, −0.53, and −3.00 GtCO₂ year⁻¹ (for BLUE, OSCAR, updated H&amp;N2017, FAOSTAT, and NGHGIs). Continental analysis indicated that the differences between the data sources are much large in sub-Saharan Africa and South and Southeast Asia than in Latin America. Disagreements in the FOLU emission estimates are mainly explained by differences in the managed land areas and the processes considered (i.e., direct vs indirect effects of land use change, and gross vs net accounting for deforestation). Net agricultural emissions from cropland, livestock, and rice cultivation were more homogenous across the FAOSTAT, EDGAR, and EPA datasets, with all the data sources indicating an increase in the emissions over the tropics. However, there were notable differences in the emission from agricultural fires. This study highlights the importance of investing and improving data sources for key fluxes to achieve a more robust and transparent global stocktake.</p>","PeriodicalId":54387,"journal":{"name":"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139926843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}