Neuroimage-Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Posterior hippocampal sparing in Lewy body disorders with Alzheimer's copathology: An in vivo MRI study.","authors":"Jesse S Cohen, Jeffrey Phillips, Sandhitsu R Das, Christopher A Olm, Hamsanandini Radhakrishnan, Emma Rhodes, Katheryn A Q Cousins, Sharon X Xie, Ilya M Nasrallah, Paul A Yushkevich, David A Wolk, Edward B Lee, Daniel Weintraub, David J Irwin, Corey T McMillan","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lewy body disorders (LBD), encompassing Parkinson disease (PD), PD dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), are characterized by alpha-synuclein pathology but often are accompanied by Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathological change (ADNC). The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a primary locus of tau accumulation and associated neurodegeneration in AD. However, it is unclear the extent to which AD copathology in LBD (LBD/AD+) contributes to MTL-specific patterns of degeneration. We employ a MTL subregional segmentation strategy of T1-weighted (T1w) MRI in biomarker-supported or autopsy-confirmed LBD and LBD/AD+ to investigate the anatomic consequences of co-occurring LBD/AD+ pathology on neurodegeneration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 167 individuals with clinical diagnoses of LBD (PD, n = 124 (74.3 %); PDD, n = 11 (6.6 %); DLB, n = 32 (19.2 %)) with available T1w MRI and AD biomarkers or autopsy evidence of ADNC. Individuals were further biologically classified as LBD/AD+ based on hierarchical evidence of ADNC pathology: 1) AD \"intermediate\" or \"high\" by ABC neuropathologic criteria (n = 39 (23.4 %)); 2) positive amyloid PET (n = 2 (1.2 %)); or 3) CSF β-amyloid<sub>1-42</sub> < 185.7 pg/mL n = 126 (75.4 %)). The T1 Automated Segmentation of Hippocampal Subfields (ASHS) pipeline was used to compute volume and thickness measurements of MTL subregions in LBD/AD- and LBD/AD+. Linear regression tested the association of AD copathology and subregion volume/thickness, covarying for age and sex, and intracranial volume for volume measurements. Secondary analyses correlated MTL subregional volume/thickness with cognition and neuropathology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LBD/AD+ had decreased volume/thickness compared to LBD/AD- in all MTL subregions except posterior hippocampus. The greatest effect sizes were seen in Brodmann Area 35 (BA35) (Cohen's d = 0.62, p = 0.002, β = 0.107 ± 0.034), and entorhinal cortex (ERC) (Cohen's d = 0.56, p = 0.006, β = 0.088 ± 0.031). Smaller differences were seen in the parahippocampal cortex (PHC) (Cohen's d = 0.5, p = 0.012, β = 0.082 ± 0.033), BA36 (Cohen's d = 0.47, p = 0.021, β = 0.090 ± 0.039) and anterior hippocampus (Cohen's d = 0.45, p = 0.029, β = 111.790 ± 50.595). Verbal memory scores positively correlated with volume/thickness in anterior and posterior hippocampus, BA35, ERC and PHC, while visuospatial memory positively correlated only in BA35. In the subset of participants with autopsy, lower ERC volume was associated with a higher tau load in ERC (adjusted odds ratio 0.013, 95 % CI [0.0002, 0.841], uncorrected p = 0.041).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Relative to LBD/AD-, LBD/AD+ has greater T1w MRI evidence of atrophy in multiple MTL subregions. Atrophy in MTL subregions associates with memory performance and tau pathological load. The observed pattern of atrophy largely follows expectation from AD Braak stages, except for posterior hippocampus","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"103714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11713745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex hormones shape EEG-based functional connectivity in early-stage Parkinson's disease patients.","authors":"Matteo Conti, Roberta Bovenzi, Mariangela Pierantozzi, Clara Simonetta, Valerio Ferrari, Jacopo Bissacco, Rocco Cerroni, Claudio Liguori, Francesca Di Giuliano, Nicola Biagio Mercuri, Tommaso Schirinzi, Alessandro Stefani","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) epidemiology and clinical features are sexually dimorphic. However, there are no data based on EEG functional connectivity (FC). Likewise, the contribution of sex hormones on brain FC has never been evaluated. Here, we aimed to investigate the association between biological sex and sex hormones on cortical FC changes in PD using high-density EEG. This study involved 69 early-stage PD patients (F/M 27/42) and 69 age-matched healthy controls (HC) (F/M 30/39). Sex hormone levels (total-testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH)) were assessed in PD patients. Data were recorded with a 64-channel EEG system. Source reconstruction method was used to identify brain activity. Cortico-cortical FC was analysed based on the weighted phase-lag index (wPLI) in θ-α-β-low γ bands. Network-based statistic (NBS) was used to compare FC between genders in HC and PD and to study the relationship between FC and sex hormones in PD. PD exhibited a hypoconnected network at θ and α bands and a hyperconnected network at β band compared to HC. Male HC showed a hyperconnected network at α-band compared to female HC. Conversely, males with PD showed a hypoconnected network at α-band compared to females with PD. In females and males with PD, E2 positively correlated with α-FC, while gonadotropins positively correlated with β-FC. TT positively correlated with the θ-FC only in males. Sex hormones shape EEG-FC in both males and females with PD, supporting their major influence on PD pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"103721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical oscillatory and aperiodic signatures of visual sampling in developmental dyslexia.","authors":"Alessia Santoni, Giuseppe Di Dona, David Melcher, Laura Franchin, Luca Ronconi","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temporal processing deficits in Developmental Dyslexia (DD) have been documented extensively at the behavioral level, leading to the formulation of neural theories positing that such anomalies in parsing multisensory input rely on aberrant synchronization of neural oscillations or to an excessive level of neural noise. Despite reading being primarily supported by visual functions, experimental evidence supporting these theories remains scarce. Here, we tested 26 adults with DD (9 females) and 31 neurotypical controls (16 females) with a temporal segregation/integration task that required participants to either integrate or segregate two rapidly presented displays while their EEG activity was recorded. We confirmed a temporal sampling deficit in DD, which specifically affected the rapid segregation of visual input. While the ongoing alpha frequency and the excitation/inhibition (E/I) ratio (i.e., an index of neural noise quantified by the aperiodic exponent) were differently modulated based on task demands in typical readers, DD participants exhibited an impairment in alpha speed modulation and an altered E/I ratio that affected their rapid visual sampling. Nonetheless, an association between visual temporal sampling accuracy and both alpha frequency and the E/I ratio measured at rest were evident in the DD group, further confirming an anomalous interplay between alpha synchronization, the E/I ratio and active visual sampling. These results provide evidence that both trait- and state-like differences in alpha-band synchronization and neural noise levels coexist in the dyslexic brain and are synergistically responsible for cascade effects on visual sampling and reading.</p>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"103720"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multimodal Neuroimaging-Based risk score for mild cognitive impairment.","authors":"Elaheh Zendehrouh, Mohammad S E Sendi, Anees Abrol, Ishaan Batta, Reihaneh Hassanzadeh, Vince D Calhoun","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent age-related dementia, leads to significant cognitive decline. While genetic risk factors and neuroimaging biomarkers have been extensively studied, establishing a neuroimaging-based metric to assess AD risk has received less attention. This study introduces the Brain-wide Risk Score (BRS), a novel approach using multimodal neuroimaging data to assess the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a precursor to AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants from the OASIS-3 cohort (N = 1,389) were categorized into control (CN) and MCI groups. Structural MRI (sMRI) data provided gray matter (GM) segmentation maps, while resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) data yielded functional network connectivity (FNC) matrices via spatially constrained independent component analysis. Similar imaging features were computed from the UK Biobank (N = 37,780). The BRS was calculated by comparing each participant's neuroimaging features to the difference between average features of CN and MCI groups. Both GM and FNC features were used. The BRS effectively differentiated CN from MCI individuals within OASIS-3 and in an independent dataset from the ADNI cohort (N = 729), demonstrating its ability to identify MCI risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Unimodal analysis revealed that sMRI provided greater differentiation than fMRI, consistent with prior research. Using the multimodal BRS, we identified two distinct groups: one with high MCI risk (negative GM and FNC BRS) and another with low MCI risk (positive GM and FNC BRS). Additionally, 46 UK Biobank participants diagnosed with AD showed FNC and GM patterns similar to the high-risk groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Validation using the ADNI dataset confirmed our results, highlighting the potential of FNC and sMRI-based BRS in early Alzheimer's detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"103719"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional connectivity profiles in remitted depression and their relation to ruminative thinking","authors":"Zhuo Fang ,&nbsp;Emma Lynn ,&nbsp;Verner J. Knott ,&nbsp;Natalia Jaworska","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The triple network model suggests that dysfunction in three major brain networks – the default mode network (DMN), central executive network (CEN), and salience network (SN) – might contribute to cognitive impairments in various psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). While hyperconnectivity in the DMN, hypoconnectivity in the CEN, and abnormal SN connectivity have been observed in acutely depressed patients, evidence for network alterations during remission is limited. Further, there are few studies examining connectivity in people in remission from MDD (rMDD) during emotional processing tasks, including during affective cognition (i.e., tasks that encompass affective processing in the context of cognitive processes, such as inhibition).</div><div>To address these literature gaps, this study compared functional connectivity (FC) between resting and task conditions, specifically during the emotional Stroop (eStroop) task, as well as between rMDD and healthy volunteers (HVs), within and between nodes of the three networks. We also explored how FC relates to rumination in the rMDD group, given that rumination tends to persist in rMDD and involves affective and cognitive networks.</div><div>We unexpectedly found greater FC during the task vs. rest condition within the DMN, and decreased FC during the task vs. rest conditions within the CEN and SN across the groups. Greater FC during the task vs. rest condition between DMN and SN nodes, as well as between CEN and SN nodes were also observed. These effects were more pronounced in the rMDD group as per our exploratory analyses. Additionally, the rMDD vs. HV group showed higher FC between DMN-CEN nodes, regardless of condition. Higher hopeless rumination scores were associated with decreased resting FC within the DMN, while higher active problem-solving scores were associated with increased task FC within the DMN in the rMDD group.</div><div>These findings suggest that tasks engaging affective cognition processes influence FC within and among the three networks, with this effect more pronounced in the rMDD group. This might indicate potential protective and compensatory mechanisms in rMDD and expands our understanding of large-scale intrinsic network connectivity alterations during remission from depression. However, given the limited sample and the exploratory nature of some of our analyses, replication is necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of parietal iTBS on resting-state effective connectivity within the frontoparietal network in patients with schizophrenia: An fMRI study","authors":"Li Li ,&nbsp;Lina Wang ,&nbsp;Han Wu ,&nbsp;Bing Li ,&nbsp;Weigang Pan ,&nbsp;Wenqing Jin ,&nbsp;Wen Wang ,&nbsp;Yanping Ren ,&nbsp;Chaomeng Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) has shown effectiveness in addressing working memory (WM) deficits in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ), the current body of evidence is limited and the specific mechanisms involved remain unclear. Therefore, this pilot fMRI study aimed to examine the efficacy of parietal iTBS in ameliorating WM impairments and explore its influence on the resting-state effective connectivity within the frontoparietal network in patients with SZ.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A total of 48 patients diagnosed with SZ were randomly assigned to an active or sham iTBS group and underwent 20 sessions of active or sham iTBS over 4 weeks. Subsequently, all patients underwent cognitive tests, clinical symptom assessments, and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) scans. The effective connectivity between the frontal and parietal brain regions during the rs-fMRI scans was analyzed using a spectral dynamic causal modeling approach. Additionally, this trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry in November 2022 (registry number: ChiCTR2200057286).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>iTBS treatment improved the positive symptoms, negative symptoms, general psychopathology, and WM deficits. Following the iTBS intervention, the active group demonstrated a significant increase in connectivity strengths from the right MFG to the right SPL (<em>p</em> = 0.031) and from the left SPL to the left MFG (<em>p</em> = 0.010) compared to the pre-treatment levels. Additionally, compared to the sham group, the active group displayed a significantly higher connectivity strength from the right MFG to the right SPL (<em>p</em> = 0.042) after iTBS treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>All these findings suggest that iTBS targeting the parietal region may influence the resting-state effective connectivity within the frontoparietal network, thereby offering promising therapeutic implications for alleviating the cognitive deficits in SZ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103715"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The differential orbitofrontal activity and connectivity between atypical and typical major depressive disorder","authors":"Zhi-Peng Guo ,&nbsp;Lei Chen ,&nbsp;Li-Rong Tang ,&nbsp;Yue Gao ,&nbsp;Miao Qu ,&nbsp;Lihong Wang ,&nbsp;Chun-Hong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Atypical major depressive disorder (MDD) is a distinct subtype of MDD, characterized by increased appetite and/or weight gain, excessive sleep, leaden paralysis, and interpersonal rejection sensitivity. Delineating different neural circuits associated with atypical and typical MDD would better inform clinical personalized interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using resting-state fMRI, we investigated the voxel-level regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC) in 55 patients with atypical MDD, 51 patients with typical MDD, and 49 healthy controls (HCs). Support vector machine (SVM) approaches were applied to examine the validity of the findings in distinguishing the two types of MDD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to patients with typical MDD and HCs, patients with atypical MDD had increased ReHo values in the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and enhanced FC between the right lateral OFC and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and between the right striatum and left OFC. The ReHo in the right lateral OFC and the significant FCs found were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) in all groups of participants with MDD. The connectivity of the right striatum and left OFC was positively correlated with the retardation scores in the atypical MDD group. Using the ReHo of the right lateral OFC as a feature, we achieved 76.42% accuracy to differentiate atypical MDD from typical MDD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings show that atypical MDD might be associated with altered OFC activity and connectivity. Furthermore, our findings highlight the key role of lateral OFC in atypical MDD, which may provide valuable information for future personalized interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103717"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State-specific GluCEST alterations in insular subregions are associated with depression and plasma inflammatory biomarker levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Lixue Xu ,&nbsp;Jun Lu ,&nbsp;Minsi Zhou ,&nbsp;Haiyun Shi ,&nbsp;Jing Zheng ,&nbsp;Tianxin Cheng ,&nbsp;Hui Xu ,&nbsp;Dawei Yang ,&nbsp;Xingwang Yong ,&nbsp;Fang Xu ,&nbsp;Chenyue Xu ,&nbsp;Yan Dang ,&nbsp;Zhan Wang ,&nbsp;Siying Zhu ,&nbsp;Chunsaier Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Li ,&nbsp;Zhenchang Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Wu ,&nbsp;Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenghan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression commonly co-occurs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Abnormal glutamate levels in the insula and altered plasma inflammatory biomarkers are observed in IBD and depression. However, the changes in glutamate concentrations in insular subregions in IBD and their relationship with depression and inflammatory markers remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate differences in glutamate concentrations in insular subregions between IBD patients and healthy controls (HCs) and their correlation with depression scores and inflammatory markers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-two IBD patients (19 active, IBD-A; 23 in remission, IBD-R) and 46 HCs underwent glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) magnetic resonance imaging. Blood samples from 37 IBD patients were collected for plasma inflammatory biomarker analysis. GluCEST indices in insular subregions were measured. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) was used to estimate depression symptoms. Whole-brain voxel-based analysis using one-way ANOVA explored between-group differences in GluCEST indices within the insula. FDR-corrected partial correlation analysis evaluated the relationships between GluCEST, depression symptoms, and inflammatory factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GluCEST indices decreased in IBD patients in the left dorsal dysgranular subregion of the insula (dId) (uncorrected <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, cluster-level FWE-corrected <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). GluCEST indices in the left dId showed a significant positive correlation with HADS-D in IBD-R (FDR corrected <em>q</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, GluCEST indices in the left dId were negatively correlated with CXCL9 (FDR corrected <em>q</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>State-specific GluCEST alterations in the left dId are a cerebral metabolic feature of IBD. These changes are associated with depression and inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that the brain-immune-gut axis might underlie depression in IBD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between white matter microstructural changes and aggressiveness. A case-control diffusion tensor imaging study","authors":"Stephanie Seidenbecher ,&nbsp;Jörn Kaufmann ,&nbsp;Maria Schöne ,&nbsp;Henrik Dobrowolny ,&nbsp;Kolja Schiltz ,&nbsp;Thomas Frodl ,&nbsp;Johann Steiner ,&nbsp;Bernhard Bogerts ,&nbsp;Thomas Nickl-Jockschat","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research has focused on identifying neurobiological risk factors associated with aggressive behavior in order to improve prevention and treatment efforts. This study aimed to characterize microstructural differences in white matter (WM) integrity in individuals prone to aggression. We hypothesized that altered cerebral WM microstructure may underlie normal individual variability in aggression and tested this using a case-control design in healthy individuals. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to examine WM changes in martial artists (<em>n</em> = 29) and age-matched controls (<em>n</em> = 31). We performed tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to identify differences in axial diffusivity (AD), fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) between the two groups at the whole-brain level. Martial artists were significantly more aggressive than controls, with increased MD in parietal and occipital areas and increased AD in widespread fiber tracts in the frontal, parietal and temporal areas. Positive associations between AD/MD and (physical) appetitive aggression were identified in several clusters, including the corpus callosum, the superior longitudinal fasciculus and the corona radiata. Our study found evidence for WM microstructural changes associated with aggressiveness in a community case-control sample. Longitudinal studies with larger cohorts, taking into account the dimensional nature of aggressiveness, are needed to better understand the underlying neurobiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103712"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White matter integrity and cognitive performance in the subacute phase after ischemic stroke in young adults","authors":"Mijntje M.I. Schellekens ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Esther M. Boot ,&nbsp;Jamie I. Verhoeven ,&nbsp;Merel S. Ekker ,&nbsp;Frederick J.A. Meijer ,&nbsp;Roy P.C. Kessels ,&nbsp;Frank-Erik de Leeuw ,&nbsp;Anil M. Tuladhar","doi":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Reduced white matter integrity outside the stroke lesion may be a potential contributor of post-stroke cognitive impairment. We aimed to investigate how a stroke lesion affects the integrity of surrounding white matter, and whether the integrity of the non-lesioned part of white matter tracts is associated with cognitive performance after ischemic stroke in young adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients from the ODYSSEY study, aged 18–49 years, with a first-ever ischemic stroke, underwent 3T MRI and cognitive assessment within six months after the index event. Using TractSeg and free water imaging, we analyzed free water corrected fractional anisotropy (FA_T), free water corrected mean diffusivity (MD_T), and free water (FW) of all white matter tracts outside the stroke lesion. We calculated FA_T and FW in the lesioned white matter tracts at 2 mm incremental distances from the lesion, extending up to 10 mm, represented as Z-scores using the diffusion measures of controls. We categorized patients as no/mild or major vascular cognitive disorder (VCD) and compared with a stroke-free control group (n = 23). Group differences in diffusion measures were examined. We investigated associations between FA_T, FW and cognitive performance across seven domains.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 66 patients (median age 40.3 years (IQR 31.3–46.2); 54.5 % women), 22 had major VCD. In the different lesion expansions, we found differences in FA_T (p = 0.009) and FW (p = 0.049). Patients with major VCD had lower FA_T [range of Cohen’s d (0.65; 1.65)] and higher FW [Cohen’s d (−1.40; −0.64)] values compared to controls, both in the hemisphere affected by the lesion and the unaffected hemisphere. Performance in processing speed correlated with FA_T across eight tracts in the affected hemisphere [range of R²_adj (0.30; 0.37)], and with FW in four tracts in the affected and three in the unaffected hemisphere [R²_adj (0.28; 0.38)].</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>In the first months after a stroke, we observed a trend of microstructural changes remote from the lesion that diminish as the distance from the lesion increases. Tissue changes in the white matter outside the lesion are present in both hemispheres, but are more pronounced in the hemisphere affected by the stroke, and may contribute to worse cognitive performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54359,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage-Clinical","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}