Michael Davidson, Gabriela-Dumitrita Stanciu, Jonathan Rabinowitz, Ilinca Untu, Romeo-Petru Dobrin, Bogdan-Ionel Tamba
{"title":"Exploring novel therapeutic strategies: Could psychedelic perspectives offer promising solutions for Alzheimer's disease comorbidities?","authors":"Michael Davidson, Gabriela-Dumitrita Stanciu, Jonathan Rabinowitz, Ilinca Untu, Romeo-Petru Dobrin, Bogdan-Ionel Tamba","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2025.2480566","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2025.2480566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing prevalence of dementia within an ageing global population, combined with prolonged life expectancy, accentuates Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a multifaceted healthcare challenge. This challenge is further compounded by the limited therapeutic options currently available. Addressing the intricacies of AD management, the mitigation of comorbidities has emerged as a pivotal facet of treatment. Comorbid conditions, such as neurobehavioral symptoms, play a role in shaping the clinical course, management, and outcomes of this pathology; highlighting the importance of comprehensive care approaches for affected individuals. Exploration of psychedelic compounds in psychiatric and palliative care settings has recently uncovered promising therapeutic potential, enhancing neuroplasticity, emotional processing and connection. These effects are particularly relevant in the context of AD, where psychedelic therapy offers hope not only for mitigating core symptoms but also for addressing the array of comorbidities associated with this condition. The integration of this comprehensive method offers a chance to significantly enhance the care provided to those navigating the intricate landscape of AD. Therefore, the current paper reviews the intricate link between more frequent additional health conditions that may coexist with dementia, particularly in the context of AD, and explores the therapeutic potential of psychedelic compounds in addressing these concurrent conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charles Denis, Denis Boucaud-Maitre, Jérôme Brunelin, Lucie Jurek, William Vallet, Caroline Demily
{"title":"Prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in homeless children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Charles Denis, Denis Boucaud-Maitre, Jérôme Brunelin, Lucie Jurek, William Vallet, Caroline Demily","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2025.2486355","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2025.2486355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the prevalence of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in homeless children and adolescents, and the factors that may influence its prevalence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant publications in Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and PsycINFO were systematically searched to identify studies on the prevalence of ADHD in homeless children and adolescents (≤19 years). The extracted data were pooled using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen studies involving 2878 homeless children and adolescents were included (mean age: 12.0 years, sex F/M: 0.43). The prevalence rates of ADHD vary considerably across studies, ranging from 1.6% to 64.5%. The pooled prevalence of ADHD was 22.8% (95% CI 12.9-34.4%, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> =98%). Meta-regression analyses indicated that age (slope = 0.046; <i>p</i> = .042) significantly increased ADHD prevalence. The prevalence of ADHD in studies with a mean age ≥ 12 years (43.1%, 95% CI 26.5-60.4%) was higher than those with a mean age < 12 years (13.1%, 95%CI 4.3-25.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the high heterogeneity of the studies, we observed that ADHD could affect almost a quarter of homeless children and adolescents. Reintegrating them into care systems and ensuring access to public health interventions tailored for homeless families and youth is imperative for breaking the cycle of homelessness and improving long-term trajectories.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"86-97"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antipsychotic off-label use in the 21st century: An enduring public health concern.","authors":"Hélène Verdoux","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2025.2449833","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2025.2449833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soon after the introduction of second-generation antipsychotics, antipsychotic off-label use (OLU) progressively became a common prescribing practice. This evolving practice should be regularly monitored considering the growing number of persons exposed to the adverse effects of antipsychotics. The aim of the present review was to synthesise the literature published over the last 15 years on antipsychotic OLU for mental health symptoms. Observational studies confirm the persisting high rate of antipsychotic OLU prescription in two out of three youths and 30-60% of adults using antipsychotics. Increasing rates of low-dose quetiapine prescriptions for anxiety or sleep symptoms are paradigmatic of the current public health concern regarding antipsychotic OLU. Such prescriptions receive impetus from industry-funded marketing strategies and prescribers' feeling of innocuousness, with a resulting underestimation of the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADR). However, antipsychotic OLU should be neither trivialised nor demonised since it may be the only therapeutic option in persons with resistant psychiatric disorders or serious ADR with labelled drugs. To reduce the populational impact of antipsychotic OLU, it is necessary to better control the influence of the pharmaceutical industry regarding newly marketed drugs and to better inform prescribers and users about the risks associated with OLU prescribing.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of causal relationships between genetic liability to inflammatory bowel disease and autism spectrum disorder by Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Ruijie Zeng, Rui Jiang, Wentao Huang, Huihuan Wu, Zewei Zhuo, Qi Yang, Jingwei Li, Felix W Leung, Weihong Sha, Hao Chen","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2025.2460798","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2025.2460798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging observational studies have indicated the association between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and IBD, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), whereas the causality remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Summary-level data from large-scale genome-wide association (GWAS) studies of IBD and ASD were retrieved. Mendelian randomisation analyses were performed with a series of sensitivity tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetic predisposition to ASD was not associated with the risk of IBD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI = 0.91-1.06, <i>p</i> = 0.70; OR [95% CI]: 1.03 [0.93-1.13], <i>p</i> = 0.58 for CD; OR [95% CI]: 0.96 [0.87-1.05], <i>p</i> = 0.37 for UC) in the IIBDGC dataset. In the FinnGen dataset, their causal effects were unfounded (OR [95% CI]: 1.04 [0.94-1.15], <i>p</i> = 0.49 for IBD; OR [95% CI]: 1.08 [0.89-1.31], <i>p</i> = 0.42 for CD; OR [95% CI]: 1.00 [0.88-1.13], <i>p</i> = 0.95 for UC). In the meta-analysis of two datasets, the OR was 1.01 (95% CI 0.96-1.07, <i>p</i> = 0.45). For the risk of ASD under genetic liability to IBD, the OR from meta-analysis was 1.03 (95% CI 1.01-1.05, <i>p</i> = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate genetic predisposition to ASD might not increase the risk of IBD, whereas genetic liability to IBD is associated with an increased risk of ASD. Further investigations using more powerful datasets are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"26-34"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gambling disorder comorbidity a narrative review.","authors":"Rishi Sharma, Aviv Weinstein","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2025.2484288","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2025.2484288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Problematic and pathological gambling (PG) lead to major adverse consequences for individuals, their families, and society and is highly comorbid with numerous other mental health disorders.</p><p><p><b>Methods:</b> This narrative review summarized population-based, cross-sectional, treatment and prospective studies on gambling disorder and comorbidity over the past 14 years.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> These studies show a high rate of comorbidity of PG and substance and alcohol use disorders, mood and anxiety disorders. Prospective studies indicate that, in some cases, gambling precedes the onset of the comorbid disorder, while in other instances, the temporal relationship is reversed. Women face greater psychiatric comorbidity and are more likely to have mood disorders, suicidality, mania, anxiety and alcohol dependence. Treatment of PG can be effective by improving the gambling and depressive symptoms of PG.</p><p><p><b>Conclusions</b>: Over the past 15 years, significant progress has been made in understanding and treating GD and its psychiatric comorbidities, with evidence highlighting the reciprocal relationships between GD and conditions like substance use, mood and anxiety disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A global neuronal workspace model of functional neurological disorders.","authors":"Lionel Naccache, Esteban Munoz-Musat","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2024.2340131","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2024.2340131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We introduce here a general model of Functional Neurological Disorders based on the following hypothesis: a Functional Neurological Disorder could correspond to a consciously initiated voluntary top-down process causing involuntary lasting consequences that are consciously experienced and subjectively interpreted by the patient as involuntary. We develop this central hypothesis according to Global Neuronal Workspace theory of consciousness, that is particularly suited to describe interactions between conscious and non-conscious cognitive processes. We then present a list of predictions defining a research program aimed at empirically testing their validity. Finally, this general model leads us to reinterpret the long-debated links between hypnotic suggestion and functional neurological disorders. Driven by both scientific and therapeutic goals, this theoretical paper aims at bringing closer the psychiatric and neurological worlds of functional neurological disorders with the latest developments of cognitive neuroscience of consciousness.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11107854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji Sun Kim, Young Wook Song, Sungkean Kim, Ji-Yoon Lee, So Young Yoo, Joon Hwan Jang, Jung-Seok Choi
{"title":"Resting-state EEG microstate analysis of internet gaming disorder and alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Ji Sun Kim, Young Wook Song, Sungkean Kim, Ji-Yoon Lee, So Young Yoo, Joon Hwan Jang, Jung-Seok Choi","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2024.2432913","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2024.2432913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To investigate the neurophysiological aspects of addiction, the microstate characteristics of internet gaming disorder (IGD), alcohol use disorder (AUD), and healthy control (HC) groups were compared using resting-state electroencephalography (EEG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 199 young adults (75 patients with IGD, 57 patients with AUD, and 67 HCs) participated in this study. We conducted EEG microstate analysis among the groups and also compared the obtained parameters with the results of psychological assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The global explained variance, occurrence, and coverage of microstate C were significantly lower in the AUD group than in the IGD group. Additionally, rates of transition from microstates A, B, and D to C were significantly lower in the AUD group than in the IGD group, whereas rates of transition from microstate A to B were lower in the IGD group compared to HCs. Furthermore, the occurrence of microstate C and transition from microstate B to C were negatively correlated with the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification and Behavioural Inhibition Scale score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were significant differences in microstate characteristics among the groups, which correlated with the psychological scores. These findings suggest that microstate features can be used as neuromarkers in clinical settings to differentiate between addictive disorders and evaluate the pathophysiology of AUD and IGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"26 1","pages":"89-102"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11610357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142734752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microcephaly type 22 and autism spectrum disorder: A case report and review of literature.","authors":"Jiqiang Ma, Yu'e Liu, Kaijun Zhao","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2024.2359918","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2024.2359918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a multifaceted etiology. This case report explores the ischemic cryptogenic vascular dissection as a potential underlying cause of ASD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 9-year-old child presented with symptoms of ASD, including social interaction difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and cognitive challenges. Despite conventional ASD treatments, significant improvement was only observed after addressing an underlying ischemic cryptogenic vascular dissection identified through DCE-CT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following a reconstructive treatment approach to the vascular dissection, the patient showed marked improvement in cognitive functions, social abilities, and a reduction in ASD-related symptoms whether during the perioperative period or during approximately 5-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case suggests that ischemic cryptogenic vascular dissection may contribute to the symptoms of ASD. Identifying and treating underlying vascular anomalies may offer a new avenue for mitigating ASD symptoms, emphasizing the need for comprehensive diagnostic estimations in ASD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"26 1","pages":"24-27"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bénédicte Aubet, Julia Marie, Philippe Portier, Florence Thibaut
{"title":"A profile of French clergymen who sexually assaulted victims and a review.","authors":"Bénédicte Aubet, Julia Marie, Philippe Portier, Florence Thibaut","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2024.2429453","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2024.2429453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual abuse within the Catholic Church is a distressing concern. As part of the investigation conducted by the French Independent Commission on Sexual Abuse in the Church, we analysed available files of convicted sexual abusers between 1950 and 2020. We analysed the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of French clergymen sex offenders. Thirty-five clergymen were included. Sexual assaults were documented for 176 individuals in total, including 153 minors (79.7% male) and 23 adults (52.2% female). No sex offender assaulted both juvenile and adult victims. Homosexuality was declared in 50% of the perpetrators. A past history of child sexual abuse was observed in 30% (<i>N</i> = 9) of juvenile offenders. The mean number of victims per offender was around 5, with the highest mean number in male or both sex juvenile offenders. More than 90% of the victims were known to the perpetrator. Both hands-on and hands-off sexual offences occurred in over 80% of male juvenile offenders compared to less than 6% of female juvenile offenders and less than 17% of adult offenders. Sex offenders within the Catholic Church present some specificities in comparison to non religious sex offenders, such as a higher number of male juvenile victims somewhat older and more often known. Personal, interpersonal and systemic factors, some of which being specific, interact to foster sexual offence. Prevention of sexual abuse within the Catholic Church is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"26 1","pages":"77-88"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11587733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Should dietary restrictions be imposed on Alzheimer's Disease patients affected by type 2 diabetes?","authors":"Cristina Ștefănescu, Michael Davidson","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2024.2392491","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2024.2392491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antidiabetic drugs, reduction of carbohydrates intake, maintaining normal weight and physical activity are the cornerstone of diabetes 2 treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This opinion article is not intended to challenge hundreds of studies unequivocally demonstrating the benefits of a healthy lifestyle including appropriate diet in controlling the consequences of T2DM. The article questions whether the benefits of dietary restrictions for the management of T2D in older adults who are already demented, are worth the potential detrimental effects on quality of life for the patients and their caregivers, as well as the effects of dietary restrictions on frailty, sarcopenia.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>However, the benefit of dietary restrictions including carbohydrates restrictions, might not manifest in elderly Alzheimer and vascular dementia patients with type 2 diabetes. On the contrary, such restrictions might hinder the patients' and caregiver's quality of life and encumber attempts to maintain normal weight in a population which tends to be underweight. Therefore, the benefit/risk ratio of dietary restriction should be weighed in this population on an individual basis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"26 1","pages":"53-55"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}