Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Neural correlates of negative life events and their relationships with alcohol and cannabis use initiation.","authors":"Yihong Zhao, Marc N Potenza, Susan F Tapert, Martin P Paulus","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2252437","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2252437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Negative life events (NLEs), e.g., poor academic performance (controllable) or being the victim of a crime (uncontrollable), can profoundly affect the trajectory of one's life. Yet, their impact on how the brain develops is still not well understood. This investigation examined the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) dataset for the impact of NLEs on the initiation of alcohol and cannabis use, as well as underlying neural mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study evaluated the impact of controllable and uncontrollable NLEs on substance use initiation in 207 youth who initiated alcohol use, 168 who initiated cannabis use, and compared it to 128 youth who remained substance-naïve, using generalised linear regression models. Mediation analyses were conducted to determine neural pathways of NLE impacting substance use trajectories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dose-response relationships between controllable NLEs and substance use initiation were observed. Having one controllable NLE increased the odds of alcohol initiation by 50% (95%CI [1.18, 1.93]) and cannabis initiation by 73% (95%CI [1.36, 2.24]), respectively. Greater cortical thickness in left banks of the superior temporal sulcus mediated effects of controllable NLEs on alcohol and cannabis initiations. Greater left caudate gray-matter volumes mediated effects of controllable NLEs on cannabis initiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Controllable but not uncontrollable NLEs increased the odds of alcohol and cannabis initiation. Moreover, those individuals with less mature brain structures at the time of the NLEs experienced a greater impact of NLEs on subsequent initiation of alcohol or cannabis use. Targeting youth experiencing controllable NLEs may help mitigate alcohol and cannabis initiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"112-121"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71429220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current pharmacotherapy approaches and novel GABAergic antidepressant development in postpartum depression.","authors":"Sara V Carlini, Lauren M Osborne, Kristina M Deligiannidis","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2262464","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2262464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postpartum depression has deleterious effects on childbearing persons globally. Existing treatments have been largely extrapolated from those for other forms of depression and have included pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and neuromodulation. Hormonal treatments with oestrogen and progestogens, thought to be a rational approach to treatment in response to an emerging literature on the pathophysiology of postpartum depression, have only limited evidence for efficacy to date. Novel antidepressant development with allopregnanolone analogues, in contrast, has proven a promising avenue for the development of rationally designed and efficacious treatments. This state-of-the-art review presents the evidence for the current standard-of-care pharmacotherapy, hormonal treatment, and emerging allopregnanolone analogues for the treatment of postpartum depression along with a discussion of the current understanding of its neuroactive steroid-driven pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"92-100"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e6/f4/TDCN_25_2262464.PMC10557560.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41169239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of the use of psychoactive substances among students at the University of Lille during the COVID-19 health crisis: Results of the PETRA study.","authors":"Louise Carton,&nbsp;Axel Bastien,&nbsp;Nathalie Chérot,&nbsp;Clément Caron,&nbsp;Sylvie Deheul,&nbsp;Olivier Cottencin,&nbsp;Sophie Gautier,&nbsp;Sophie Moreau-Crépeaux,&nbsp;Thibaut Dondaine,&nbsp;Régis Bordet","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2268063","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2268063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Students represent a population at risk for substance abuse. That risk may have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to describe substance abuse among students and to compare consumption according to the university field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A self-administered questionnaire was sent by email to all students at the University of Lille, France, between March and July 2021. This anonymous questionnaire included questions about sociodemographic characteristics, university courses and the use of psychoactive substances (frequency, reasons, routes of administration) since the first university year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 4431 students who responded (response rate 6.1%), eighty percent declared having used alcohol since the first university year, 34% cannabis, 15.4% benzodiazepines, 14.7% opioid drugs, 7.5% cocaine, 6.8% nitrous oxide and 6.5% MDMA. More than 20% of the users of cannabis, benzodiazepines, amphetamines and cocaine reported having already felt dependent. Recreational use was described by more than 10% of benzodiazepine or opioid drug users. Nitrous oxide use was significantly more frequent in the health and sport field (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Tobacco, benzodiazepine, cannabis and MDMA uses were significantly more frequent in the humanities and social sciences/art, language and literature fields (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prevention measures focusing on alcohol, cannabis, illicit psychostimulants, nitrous oxide and prescription drugs are required in the student population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"101-111"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d4/1d/TDCN_25_2268063.PMC10578082.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41220183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural mechanisms linked to treatment outcomes and recovery in substance-related and addictive disorders.","authors":"Gemma Mestre-Bach, Marc N Potenza","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2242359","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2242359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present review focuses on potential neural mechanisms underlying recovery from psychiatric conditions characterised by impaired impulse control, specifically substance use disorders, gambling disorder, and internet gaming disorder. Existing treatments (both pharmacological and psychological) for these addictions may impact brain processes, and these have been evaluated in neuroimaging studies. Medication challenge and short-term intervention administration will be considered with respect to treatment utility. Main models of addiction (e.g., dual process, reward deficiency syndrome) will be considered in the context of extant data. Additionally, advanced analytic approaches (e.g., machine-learning approaches) will be considered with respect to guiding treatment development efforts. Thus, this narrative review aims to provide directions for treatment development for addictive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"75-91"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/16/b7/TDCN_25_2242359.PMC10444012.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10458098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connectome-based prediction of craving in gambling disorder and cocaine use disorder.","authors":"Stephanie Antons, Sarah W Yip, Cheryl M Lacadie, Javid Dadashkarimi, Dustin Scheinost, Matthias Brand, Marc N Potenza","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2208586","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2208586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Craving, involving intense and urgent desires to engage in specific behaviours, is a feature of addictions. Multiple studies implicate regions of salience/limbic networks and basal ganglia, fronto-parietal, medial frontal regions in craving in addictions. However, prior studies have not identified common neural networks that reliably predict craving across substance and behavioural addictions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Functional magnetic resonance imaging during an audiovisual cue-reactivity task and connectome-based predictive modelling (CPM), a data-driven method for generating brain-behavioural models, were used to study individuals with cocaine-use disorder and gambling disorder. Functions of nodes and networks relevant to craving were identified and interpreted based on meta-analytic data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Craving was predicted by neural connectivity across disorders. The highest degree nodes were mostly located in the prefrontal cortex. Overall, the prediction model included complex networks including motor/sensory, fronto-parietal, and default-mode networks. The decoding revealed high functional associations with components of memory, valence ratings, physiological responses, and finger movement/motor imagery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Craving could be predicted across substance and behavioural addictions. The model may reflect general neural mechanisms of craving despite specificities of individual disorders. Prefrontal regions associated with working memory and autobiographical memory seem important in predicting craving. For further validation, the model should be tested in diverse samples and contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"33-42"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/42/7d/TDCN_25_2208586.PMC10190201.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9630478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadherin Adhesion Complexes Direct Cell Aggregation in the Epithelial Transition of Wnt-Induced Nephron Progenitor Cells.","authors":"Balint Der, Helena Bugacov, Bohdana-Myroslava Briantseva, Andrew P McMahon","doi":"10.1101/2023.08.27.555021","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.08.27.555021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the developing mammalian kidney, nephron formation is initiated by a subset of nephron progenitor cells (NPCs). Wnt input activates a β-catenin ( <i>Ctnnb1</i> )-driven, transcriptional nephrogenic program. In conjunction, induced mesenchymal NPCs transition through a pre-tubular aggregate to an epithelial renal vesicle, the precursor for each nephron. How this critical mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) is regulated is unclear. In an <i>in vitro</i> mouse NPC culture model, activation of the Wnt pathway results in the aggregation of induced NPCs into closely-packed, cell clusters. Genetic removal of β-catenin resulted in a failure of both Wnt pathway-directed transcriptional activation and the formation of aggregated cell clusters. Modulating extracellular Ca ²⁺ levels showed cell-cell contacts were Ca ²⁺ -dependent, suggesting a role for cadherin (Cdh)-directed cell adhesion. Molecular analysis identified <i>Cdh2</i> , <i>Cdh4</i> and <i>Cdh11</i> in uninduced NPCs and the up-regulation of <i>Cdh3</i> and <i>Cdh4</i> accompanying the Wnt pathway-induced MET. Genetic removal of all four cadherins, and independent removal of α-catenin, which couples Cdh-β-catenin membrane complexes to the actin cytoskeleton, abolished cell aggregation in response to Wnt pathway activation. However, the β-catenin driven inductive transcriptional program was unaltered. Together with the accompanying paper (Bugacov <i>et al</i> ., submitted), these data demonstrate that distinct cellular activities of β-catenin - transcriptional regulation and cell adhesion - combine in the mammalian kidney programs generating differentiated epithelial nephron precursors from mesenchymal nephron progenitors.</p><p><strong>Summary statement: </strong>Our study highlights the role of Wnt-β-catenin pathway regulation of cadherin-mediated cell adhesion in the mesenchymal to epithelial transition of induced nephron progenitor cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11037868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91372449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent component analysis for internet gaming disorder.","authors":"Gemma Mestre-Bach, Roser Granero, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Marc N Potenza","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2168135","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2168135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> There is a growing interest in the study of the neurobiological correlates of internet gaming disorder (IGD), and new techniques are beginning to be implemented for this purpose, such as independent component analysis (ICA). <b>Aims:</b> The present narrative review aimed to explore the studies that had used ICA for the study of the different brain networks possibly associated with IGD. <b>Methods:</b> We specifically focussed on three of the main networks: default-mode network, executive-control and salience networks. <b>Results:</b> Most studies have identified alterations in these three brain networks in individuals with IGD, which may be involved in the development and maintenance of this disorder. <b>Conclusion:</b> More studies are needed to deepen an understanding of the specific role of each in the symptomatology and treatment of IGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"14-23"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9930851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9168973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise addiction: A narrative overview of research issues.","authors":"Aviv Weinstein,&nbsp;Attila Szabo","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2023.2164841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19585969.2023.2164841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This narrative overview summarises the work on exercise addiction (EA) over the past 12 years and exposes critical conceptual and methodological issues. More than 1000 articles exist on EA, conceptualised as uncontrolled training harming the individual. Still, EA has no clinical diagnosis criteria at this time. Research is increasing continuously, but it is stale in advancing knowledge. Scalar measurement and lack of differentiation between <i>addictive</i> and <i>instrumental</i> exercise could be reasons for insufficient progress. Exercise addiction fits in the framework of behavioural addictions, but excessive exercise patterns also co-occur with other morbidities, including eating or body-image disorders. In these cases, exercise is instrumental; it functions to achieve a non-exercise-related goal. Therefore, it is essential to separate primary from secondary EA. Based on the interactional model, significant stress and capacity-exceeding ambitions fuel primary EA, while chief motives behind secondary EA embed body image dissatisfaction and eating disorders. Few reports exist on EA's brain mechanisms, which could delay its classification as a distinct psychiatric dysfunction. Treatment of EA involves cognitive-behavioural approaches, but we know little about their effectiveness. Conceptually focussed psychophysiological research and in-depth interviews, complementing scalar data, could answer several open questions in this widely studied but relatively stagnant scholastic field.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9869993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9117015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry guidelines on the assessment and pharmacological treatment of compulsive sexual behaviour disorder.","authors":"Daniel Turner,&nbsp;Peer Briken,&nbsp;Joshua Grubbs,&nbsp;Leo Malandain,&nbsp;Gemma Mestre-Bach,&nbsp;Marc N Potenza,&nbsp;Florence Thibaut","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2022.2134739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19585969.2022.2134739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current guidelines aim to evaluate the role of pharmacological agents in the treatment of patients with compulsive sexual behaviour disorder (CSBD). They are intended for use in clinical practice by clinicians who treat patients with CSBD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An extensive literature search was conducted using the English-language-literature indexed on PubMed and Google Scholar without time limit, supplemented by other sources, including published reviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each treatment recommendation was evaluated with respect to the strength of evidence for its efficacy, safety, tolerability, and feasibility. Psychoeducation and psychotherapy are first-choice treatments and should always be conducted. The type of medication recommended depended mainly on the intensity of CSBD and comorbid sexual and psychiatric disorders. There are few randomised controlled trials. Although no medications carry formal indications for CSBD, selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors and naltrexone currently constitute the most relevant pharmacological treatments for the treatment of CSBD. In cases of CSBD with comorbid paraphilic disorders, hormonal agents may be indicated, and one should refer to previously published guidelines on the treatment of adults with paraphilic disorders. Specific recommendations are also proposed in case of chemsex behaviour associated with CSBD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An algorithm is proposed with different levels of treatment for different categories of patients with CSBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"24 1","pages":"10-69"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10408697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10018382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving clinical decision-making in psychiatry: implementation of digital phenotyping could mitigate the influence of patient's and practitioner's individual cognitive biases.","authors":"Stéphane Mouchabac,&nbsp;Ismael Conejero,&nbsp;Camille Lakhlifi,&nbsp;Ilyass Msellek,&nbsp;Leo Malandain,&nbsp;Vladimir Adrien,&nbsp;Florian Ferreri,&nbsp;Bruno Millet,&nbsp;Olivier Bonnot,&nbsp;Alexis Bourla,&nbsp;Redwan Maatoug","doi":"10.1080/19585969.2022.2042165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19585969.2022.2042165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High stake clinical choices in psychiatry can be impacted by external irrelevant factors. A strong understanding of the cognitive and behavioural mechanisms involved in clinical reasoning and decision-making is fundamental in improving healthcare quality. Indeed, the decision in clinical practice can be influenced by errors or approximations which can affect the diagnosis and, by extension, the prognosis: human factors are responsible for a significant proportion of medical errors, often of cognitive origin. Both patient's and clinician's cognitive biases can affect decision-making procedures at different time points. From the patient's point of view, the quality of explicit symptoms and data reported to the psychiatrist might be affected by cognitive biases affecting attention, perception or memory. From the clinician's point of view, a variety of reasoning and decision-making pitfalls might affect the interpretation of information provided by the patient. As personal technology becomes increasingly embedded in human lives, a new concept called digital phenotyping is based on the idea of collecting real-time markers of human behaviour in order to determine the 'digital signature of a pathology'. Indeed, this strategy relies on the assumption that behaviours are 'quantifiable' from data extracted and analysed through connected tools (smartphone, digital sensors and wearable devices) to deduce an 'e-semiology'. In this article, we postulate that implementing digital phenotyping could improve clinical reasoning and decision-making outcomes by mitigating the influence of patient's and practitioner's individual cognitive biases.</p>","PeriodicalId":54343,"journal":{"name":"Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"23 1","pages":"52-61"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9286737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40609480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}