Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans最新文献

{"title":"Phytoplankton Response to the Record-Breaking Marine Heatwave in the Summer of 2020 in the South China Sea","authors":"Jingjing Zheng,&nbsp;Peng Xiu,&nbsp;Lili Zeng,&nbsp;Xueming Zhu,&nbsp;Xuanlian Ji,&nbsp;Shan Gao,&nbsp;Zhijie Li","doi":"10.1029/2024JC021275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021275","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A record-breaking marine heatwave (MHW) occurred in the South China Sea (SCS) during the summer of 2020, causing substantial ecological impacts, while its influence on phytoplankton dynamics remains unknown. Here we employed a regionally optimized physical-biogeochemical model to examine the phytoplankton response to this event. An analysis of the mixed-layer heat budget in the MHW region revealed that the MHW was driven by enhanced shortwave radiation and reduced horizontal advection of cold water, associated with weakened upwelling off the coast of Vietnam. For phytoplankton, average surface chlorophyll-a (Chla) concentrations during the MHW experienced a significant decline in June and July, and a slight reduction in September compared to normal conditions, which can be attributed to reduced horizontal advection of nutrients associated with weakened upwelling. Furthermore, we found that the reduction in depth-integrated Chla in the euphotic zone was much smaller during the MHW due to the increase in subsurface Chla, which was also attributable to the changed lateral transport. This study highlights the importance of non-local effects of MHWs on phytoplankton distributions in the SCS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus Speciation, Migration and Transformation in Seawater and Sediments and Potential Role in Starfish Outbreaks of the Xisha Islands, Northern South China Sea","authors":"Zhiming Ning,&nbsp;Zhijin Liu,&nbsp;Kefu Yu,&nbsp;Bin Yang,&nbsp;Xueyong Huang,&nbsp;Wei Jiang","doi":"10.1029/2024JC021259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021259","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Periodic outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish have led to severe coral reef degradation, with one hypothesized cause being eutrophication. Phosphorus (P) is one of the driving factors for eutrophication, but researches on the spatiotemporal distributions of P in coral reefs are limited, impeding our understanding of the P cycling in coral reefs and its correlation with starfish outbreaks. This study undertook an analysis of various P species, migration and transformation in seawater, sediments, and crown-of-thorns starfish within the coral reefs of the Xisha Islands, northern South China Sea. The results show that in seawater, P predominantly existed in the dissolved phase, with organic P constituting the largest fraction (&gt;67%). Conversely, in sediments, P primarily existed as inorganic form (43%−95%), with calcium-bound P comprising the majority (26%−46%). Notably, exchangeable P accounted for a relatively smaller fraction (9%−20%) but played a significant role as a source of P released from sediments into seawater (0.01−0.17 mmol m⁻² hr⁻¹). During starfish outbreaks, starfish (1,000 individuals per hectare) assimilated P from seawater via phytoplankton or corals, resulting in substantial accumulation of both organic and inorganic P in their tissues (69−315 μmol g⁻¹). Meanwhile, starfish excretion released P back into the seawater, which contributes to the migration and transformation of various P forms. Historical data also show a close relationship between P content and starfish density. These findings highlight the interactions between starfish and P cycling within coral reefs, and provide valuable insights into conservation and restoration on coral reefs, especially those severely affected by starfish outbreaks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Deep Western Boundary Current of the Southwest Pacific Basin: Insights From Deep Argo","authors":"Mitchell Chandler,&nbsp;Nathalie V. Zilberman,&nbsp;Janet Sprintall","doi":"10.1029/2024JC021098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021098","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The deep western boundary current (DWBC) of the Southwest Pacific Basin (SWPB) is the main pathway through which the deep and bottom waters formed around Antarctica are transported northward and distributed throughout the Pacific Ocean. However, historical observations of this current are sparse. Here, we used an unprecedented number of deep-ocean observations collected by Deep Argo floats since 2016 to examine temperature, salinity, and velocity in the DWBC of the SWPB. Deep Argo trajectory velocities were fastest along the western side of the Kermadec Trench, with an average velocity of &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;0.057&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;0.012&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $0.057pm 0.012$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; m s&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;. Trajectories confirmed the existence of a tight recirculation on the eastern side of the Kermadec Trench (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;0.021&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;0.008&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${-}0.021pm 0.008$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; m s&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;). This recirculation was likewise seen in an independent eddy-resolving ocean reanalysis. For the DWBC within the northern Kermadec Trench (26–30°S), Deep Argo profiles and the ocean reanalysis demonstrated seasonal isopycnal heaving of the deep-ocean that was likely driven by local Ekman pumping and may influence seasonal DWBC transport. At the northern end of the Kermadec Trench, the deep-ocean salinity maximum was eroded as the DWBC exited the trench to the north through the Louisville Seamount Chain collision zone, thus revealing a previously unidentified region of enhanced deep-ocean mixing. Although Deep Argo observations accurately estimated vertical turbulent diffusivity in the Samoan Passage (6.1 &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${times} $&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; 10&lt;sup&gt;−3&lt;/sup&gt; to 1.57 &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${times} $&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; 10&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt; m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; s&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;), mixing within the Louisville Seamount Chain collision zone was not due solely to vertical turbulent diffusivity. A global Deep Argo array could re","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JC021098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subsurface Marine Heatwaves in the South China Sea","authors":"Yulong Yao,&nbsp;Chunzai Wang","doi":"10.1029/2024JC021356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021356","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Marine heatwaves (MHWs), extreme warm ocean temperature events, greatly impact marine ecosystems. While most MHW studies in the South China Sea (SCS) focus on the sea surface, subsurface characteristics remain less explored. This study uses high-resolution (1/12°) ocean reanalysis data sets to assess MHW properties with depth in the SCS from 1993 to 2022. We find that MHW intensities are typically stronger at subsurface levels (30–150 m) than at the surface, with significant spatial variations. The vertical structures of MHW maximum and cumulative intensities peak between 70 and 100 m with 2.7°C and 63°C days, respectively; MHW annual days and duration increase gradually from 10 to 2,000 m with duration peaks at 2,000 m (∼60 days), four times longer than that at the surface. The SCS experienced two major periods of extensive El Niño-related subsurface MHWs from 1997 to 2002 and 2008 to 2014, with MHWs reaching depths of 150 m and covering 70% of the upper 40 m. Strong El Niño events strengthen the western Pacific subtropical high, reducing summer monsoon winds, weakening coastal upwelling east of Vietnam, and increasing water temperatures. Regions of elevated eddy kinetic energy in the SCS suggest that significant mesoscale eddy activities are situated east of Vietnam. In addition, notable eddy heat transport was observed in the above region and west of the Luzon Strait in the upper 1,000 m. This may help to explain the high maximum and cumulative intensities of MHWs exceeding 100 m in the northern SCS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Modeling of Tsunamis Generated by Submarine Volcanic Eruptions","authors":"Yibin Liu,&nbsp;Hermann M. Fritz","doi":"10.1029/2023JC020796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JC020796","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Submarine volcanic eruptions can induce major local and regional tsunami hazards through varied source mechanisms. Large-scale experiments of tsunamis generated by submarine volcanic eruptions are conducted to study the cylindrical wave generation and propagation in a three-dimensional wave basin. A unique volcanic tsunami generator (VTG) was deployed at the bottom of the wave basin to generate volcanic tsunamis with repeatable and controlled source parameters. The physical modeling is based on the generalized Froude number defined with the VTG velocity and the near source water depth. The pneumatically driven vertical stroke motion generates leading elevation waves in the wave basin. The tsunami waves generated by the VTG are measured with a wave gauge array. The wave maker performance is characterized by the dimensionless leading wave amplitudes and periods. The experimental data show the variations of the leading wave amplitude, period, and celerity along the radial propagation distance. The generated cylindrical waves belong to the weakly nonlinear wave regime in the near field with decaying wave amplitude along radial propagation. The attenuation rate of the leading wave exceeds the range from the linear wave theory in runs with higher Froude numbers. The dimensionless leading wave period increases with the dimensionless propagation distance due to the dispersion relation. Empirical equations for the characteristic wave parameters such as amplitudes and periods are derived. The experimental results contribute to the understanding of volcanic tsunami generation processes and may serve rapid volcanic tsunami hazard assessments as well as the advancement and validation of numerical models.</p>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023JC020796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142443391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Distribution of Critical Metals and Chemostratigraphy in Co-Rich Ferromanganese Nodules in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean","authors":"Jiangbo Ren,&nbsp;Yong Yang,&nbsp;Miao Yu,&nbsp;Jiancheng Liu,&nbsp;Shuaijie Luo,&nbsp;Jie Li,&nbsp;Xianze Deng,&nbsp;Xiuzhan Zhang,&nbsp;Fang Dong,&nbsp;Limin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenquan Wei,&nbsp;Gaowen He","doi":"10.1029/2024JC021287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021287","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ferromanganese nodules are important marine storehouses for critical metals and windows for changing oceans. Although advanced in situ analytical techniques have been applied to visualize the elemental distribution in the nodule cross-sections, their spatial distribution remains largely uncertain. This study addresses this gap by employing micro X-ray fluorescence mapping of parallel nodule cross-sections to delineate the spatial distributions of critical metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ti, Ni, and Cu) in three Co-rich ferromanganese nodules from the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The 10-layer Os isotopic compositions of one nodule closely align with the well-documented marine Os isotope evolution of seawater, providing a chronological framework and a maximum age of ∼36 Ma for these nodules. Three concentric chemostratigraphic layers, labeled L1, L2, and L3, were identified from the inside out, based on microscopic structures and the distributions of critical metals. The early growth stage was marked by Mn-rich, Si-rich, and high Mn/Fe ratios, suggesting a diagenetic-driven process attributed to high paleoproductivity conditions because of the low latitude of the study area at that time. The subsequent growth stages are all hydrogenetic in origin to be rich in Fe, Co, and Ti with low Mn/Fe ratios. The apparent detritus present during the second growth stage of the nodules may correspond to the stronger bottom currents in the early Miocene. The final mineralization stage indicates a more stable environment with diminished bottom current activity, leading to the formation of a dense, laminar hydrogenetic layer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Lagrangian Model-Based Analysis of Protist Plankton Variability and Its Impact on Organic Matter Dynamics Along Transit Pathways Through the Fram Strait","authors":"Vanessa Lampe,&nbsp;Aidan Hunter,&nbsp;Ben Andrew Ward,&nbsp;Eva-Maria Nöthig,&nbsp;Anja Engel,&nbsp;Ingrid Helene Ellingsen,&nbsp;Markus Schartau","doi":"10.1029/2024JC021254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021254","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Arctic Ocean is characterized by substantial seasonal and inter-annual variability, of which the sources and impacts are not yet fully understood. Here, we analyze how much of the variability found in in situ observations of biogeochemical and ecological variables collected at the Long-Term Ecological Research Observatory HAUSGARTEN can be explained by differences in the physical conditions in the water masses passing through the Fram Strait (FS). Employing a size-based plankton ecosystem model with nine distinct size classes of protist phyto- and zooplankton, we simulate standing stocks and fluxes within the nutrient, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detritus pools in water parcels that follow trajectories tracing the opposing East-Greenland and West-Spitsbergen currents through the FS. Our model results agree with in situ observations of biogeochemical tracers, plankton size measurements, climatological data, and remote sensing observations. They show distinct temporal developments in plankton size composition, growth, and export in trajectory ensembles, highlighting how variable physical conditions affect the communities' specific growth histories. Our study indicates that 10%–72% of the variability in upper water column tracer concentrations observed in the FS can be attributed to differences in water parcel trajectories. The maxima of net primary production and vertical export along the trajectories occurred in some (spatial and temporal) distance upstream of the sites of in situ sampling. This study shows that Lagrangian modeling helps clarify complex biogeochemical-ecological relationships in highly dynamic systems such as the FS, which is urgently needed to understand the role of climate change in the Arctic carbon cycle.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JC021254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow Evolution and Vertical Accelerations in Wave-Swash Interactions","authors":"Claudio Meza-Valle,&nbsp;Nimish Pujara","doi":"10.1029/2024JC021126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC021126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report on a laboratory study of wave-swash interactions, which occur in the very nearshore environment of a beach when the shallow swash flow of a breaking wave interacts with a subsequent wave. Wave-swash interactions have been observed in the field, hypothesized to be important for nearshore transport processes, and categorized into different qualitative types, but quantitative descriptions of their dynamics have remained elusive. Using consecutive solitary waves with different wave heights and separations, we generate a wide variety of wave-swash interactions with large flow velocities and vertical accelerations. We find that wave-swash interactions can be quantitatively characterized in terms of two dimensionless parameters. The first of them corresponds to the wave height ratio for consecutive waves, and the second is a dimensionless measure of the time separation between consecutive wave crests. Using measurements of bed pressure and free-surface displacement, we estimate the total vertical accelerations and focus on the peak upward-directed acceleration. We find that wave-swash interactions can generate vertical accelerations that can easily exceed gravity, despite occurring in very shallow water depths. The large vertical accelerations are upward-directed and are quickly followed by onshore-directed horizontal velocities. Together, our findings suggest that wave-swash interactions are capable of inducing large material suspension events of sediment or solutes in sediment pores, and transporting them onshore. While the data are from a single location making it difficult to generalize the findings across the swash zone, the results clearly demonstrate the importance of large vertical accelerations in wave-swash interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JC021126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propagation of Free Infragravity Waves Generated at Distant Beaches","authors":"Yoshinao Matsuba,&nbsp;Dano Roelvink,&nbsp;Ap van Dongeren","doi":"10.1029/2023JC020580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JC020580","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Infragravity (IG) waves are important drivers of extreme run-up, morphological changes, and seiches. While locally forced IG waves have been extensively investigated, recent studies have revealed the significance of free IG waves generated on distant beaches. This study focuses on free IG waves generated at a coast facing southeast in Japan during the passage of a typhoon. The relationship between incident short waves and free IG waves as well as their contributions to nearshore IG waves, in particular to seiches in a small port, are analyzed using unique measurement data and numerical experiments. During the typhoon passage, more than 75% of the observed IG wave energy originates from free IG waves at an observatory located at a depth of 23 m, and their peak direction is alongshore. Six-year measurement data demonstrate that peak directions of free IG waves strongly depend on the incident wave angles of short waves and that swells from the south generate alongshore propagating free IG waves. A numerical model can reproduce the alongshore propagating free IG waves accurately when using a large computational domain. Moreover, numerical experiments performed using the model demonstrate that the alongshore propagating free IG waves are IG waves reflected from distant beaches. The free IG waves from distant beaches are small outside the port, but seiches in the port are amplified by more than 10%. The relationship between seiches and incoming free IG waves is further discussed based on the numerical experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023JC020580","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142429956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Variability of the Size Distributions of Submicron Particles in the Oceans","authors":"Yuanheng Xiong,&nbsp;Xiaodong Zhang,&nbsp;Yannick Huot,&nbsp;Brandon M. Stephens,&nbsp;Craig A. Carlson","doi":"10.1029/2024JC020983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JC020983","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The size distribution of submicron particles is essential for understanding their biogeochemical and optical roles, but it has seldom been measured. This study utilizes ViewSizer 3000, an instrument that tracks Brownian motions of particles, to measure the particle size distributions (PSD) from 250 to 1,050 nm in the North Pacific Ocean (NP) and the North Atlantic Ocean (NA) at depths from 5 to 500 m. The concentration of particles varies over one order of magnitude at any given size bin, with greater variations up to two orders of magnitude at sizes &gt;600 nm. In both locations, concentrations decrease with depth. Bacterioplankton are a dominant component, accounting for 65%–90% of the submicron particles in the surface waters (&lt;100 m) and approximately 30%–40% at depths &gt;150 m at both sites. In the NP, the volume mean diameter increased approximately 5% from the morning to noon at the surface, probably resulting from the diurnal growth of bacterioplankton. In the NA, the concentration and mean size increased by &gt;60% and ∼10% respectively after one storm that introduced a different particle population into the study area.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54340,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans","volume":"129 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JC020983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}