Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Comment on \"Effect of Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair on Left Ventricular Flow Features\".","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1007/s13239-025-00795-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-025-00795-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"577"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Simulations Show Proof-of-Concept for Optogenetic Suppression of Ectopic Activity in Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy.","authors":"Jamie S Yang, Alexander R Ochs, Chelsea E Gibbs, Patrick M Boyle","doi":"10.1007/s13239-025-00794-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-025-00794-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Myocardial infarction results in extensive cardiac remodeling that can lead to heart failure. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hPSC-CM) injection can improve heart function but may lead to engraftment-associated ventricular tachycardia (VT). Optogenetics uses light stimulation to control electrical activity of cells genetically modified to express light-sensitive proteins (opsins). This study aims to use computational simulations to test the feasibility of optogenetically suppressing hPSC-CM ectopic activity without inhibiting the ability to undergo excitation by upstream wavefronts (i.e., engrafted cells could activate harmoniously with surrounding host myocardium during propagation of a normal sinus beat).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We simulated electrophysiology in single-cell hPSC-CM and tissue-scale ventricular models derived from histology images. The latter comprised host myocardium, hPSC-CM graft, and non-conductive scar. Ventricular and hPSC-CM cellular models were used in the host myocardium and hPSC-CM graft regions, respectively. Optogenetic modification of hPSC-CMs was simulated via incorporation of a photocycle model with the approximate properties of WiChR, a light-sensitive potassium channel. To test the efficacy of the proposed approach for silencing graft activity, we simulated sustained blue light illumination at 488 nm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sustained optogenetic stimulation suppressed spontaneous excitation altogether in opsin-expressing hPSC-CM models while maintaining cellular excitability. At the tissue scale, optogenetic suppression of VT-associated ectopic excitations was feasible with epicardial illumination. Opsin-expressing grafts in optogenetically silenced histology models remained excitable under simulated sinus rhythm-like excitation from the endocardium; however, potentially arrhythmogenic spatial heterogeneity of action potential duration was seen in model geometries with greater wall thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our simulations suggest WiChR-based optogenetic suppression of hPSC-CM graft-associated arrhythmia is likely feasible but must be carefully calibrated to avoid inadvertently pro-arrhythmic side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"563-576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12818589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Stenting on Hematological, Hemorheological and Hemodynamic Parameters, in Various Stent Configurations and Flow Conditions.","authors":"D Kokkinidou, K Kapnisis, M Chrysostomou, C Shammas, A Anayiotos, E Kaliviotis","doi":"10.1007/s13239-025-00791-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-025-00791-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Percutaneous coronary intervention is used extensively for the restoration of blood flow in diseased arteries. The influence of stent implantation on the physiology and flow of blood is an important and still not fully understood issue. The current work evaluated possible stent-induced changes in hematological, hemorheological and hemodynamic parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experiments were performed for blood flow in single and overlapping stent configurations, in both straight and curved tube geometries, in order to reproduce various stented coronary artery morphologies. Two different flow regimes were utilized to reflect a range of physiological and more intense flow conditions. Blood samples were obtained from a healthy human population and commercially available stents were inserted in clear perfluoroalkoxy alkane tubing, connected to a syringe/syringe-pump/pressure-sensor setup. Hematological measurements, red blood cell (RBC) deformability and aggregation, and whole blood viscosity tests were performed using standard techniques. The pressure drop across the stented area was measured via an in-line pressure sensing setup.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In terms of hematology, RBC count, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume show a slight influence from the longer exposure to elevated stresses. Regarding hemorheology, the most profound effect was observed on RBC aggregation, with an increasing trend primarily in the female population of the study. Further, differences were found in the hemodynamics of the flow, as the pressure drop was altered according to the stent configuration. The viscosity of the blood samples is also found affected in the higher flow rate cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presence of the stent was found to have a distinct effect on specific hemorheological and hemodynamic parameters according to the setup and stent configuration.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"525-536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12528324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction Model for Thermal Lesions in Radiofrequency Ablation Based on an Artificial Neural Network.","authors":"Tong Ren, Yuqi Wu, Xiaomei Wu, Shengjie Yan","doi":"10.1007/s13239-025-00790-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-025-00790-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiofrequency cardiac ablation (RFCA) is a widely utilized treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, its therapeutic efficacy can be compromised by either insufficient or excessive ablation, potentially leading to serious adverse effects. Therefore, precise control of the thermal lesion size generated during RFCA is critical for surgical success. Neural network is an implementation method of artificial intelligence, which has a strong ability to learn and adapt to complex data patterns, and shows significant application potential in the field of prediction. This study aimed to construct an artificial neural network (ANN) model capable of predicting the depth, width, and volume of ablation thermal lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-branch ANN model was developed to predict lesion size on the basis of four key parameters: RF power, ablation duration, catheter‒tissue contact force, and contact angle. The training dataset for the model was derived from a finite element model of radiofrequency cardiac ablation. The model incorporated two types of RF power; catheter-tissue contact forces of 10 g, 20 g, 30 g, and 40 g; and contact angles of 0°, 45°, and 90°. The test dataset was obtained from ex vivo experiments conducted on a swine model, involving ten sets of experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The finite element model effectively simulated the process of thermal lesion formation during RFCA, generating a substantial amount of effective training data. The ex vivo experiments provided reliable test data. The two-branch ANN model was able to predict the depth, width, and volume of thermal lesions, with errors of 0.1986 mm, 0.7891 mm, and 4.9384 mm³, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study introduces a two-branch ANN model that serves as an efficient and reliable tool for predicting lesion size for RFCA. The two-branch ANN model proposed in this study enhances the model's ability to fit complex relationships through activation functions and nonlinear combination features. Compared with other models, it has superior predictive capabilities regarding the depth, width, and volume of ablation thermal lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"505-524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Neo-Sinus on Thrombogenicity of Aortic Valve Prostheses: Experimental Proof-of-Concept Study.","authors":"Saskia Thoenissen, Ilona Mager, Claudio A Luisi, Markus Mous, Thomas Schmitz-Rode, Ulrich Steinseifer, Johanna C Clauser","doi":"10.1007/s13239-025-00792-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-025-00792-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is the standard treatment for patients with aortic diseases at high surgical risk. Transcatheter heart valve prostheses (THV) are inserted into the aortic valve, creating a new area between the native and artificial leaflets. This area, known as neo-sinus, increases the thrombogenicity of THVs. But there is a lack of testing methods that evaluate thrombogenicity in vitro.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To analyze the flow field within the native sinus and the neo-sinus, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was performed with a thrombosis tester. Additionally, a comparative study was conducted with porcine blood on two polycarbonate urethane valves, with and without neo-sinus, respectively. Blood samples collected every hour were analyzed for platelet count, coagulation via ROTEM parameters, and plasma-free hemoglobin. Thrombus formation was detected optically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PIV measurements yield a physiological flow field in the aortic root that were consistent with those reported in literature. The analyzed blood parameters reveal no obvious difference between the valve with neo-sinus and the valve without. A higher amount of thrombus material for the valve with neo-sinus was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The visualized flow field shows low velocities and stagnation zones due to the presence of native leaflets. Clot formation at the heart valve prostheses are in accordance with in-vivo findings. The benchmark of the two valves indicates an increased thrombogenic potential due to the neo-sinus. The thrombosis tester simulates the natural environment after TAVR. Thereby, newly developed THVs can be evaluated in vitro and consequently optimized regarding their thrombogenicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"537-550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12528357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Downsampled ECGs and Alternative Loss Functions in Multi-Label Classification of 12-Lead ECGs.","authors":"Bjørn-Jostein Singstad, Eraraya Morenzo Muten","doi":"10.1007/s13239-025-00797-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-025-00797-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an almost universally accessible diagnostic tool for heart disease. An ECG is measured by using an electrocardiograph, and today's electrocardiographs use built-in software to interpret the ECGs automatically after they are recorded. However, these algorithms exhibit limited performance, and therefore, clinicians usually have to manually interpret the ECG, regardless of whether an algorithm has interpreted it or not. Manual interpretation of the ECG can be time-consuming and requires specific skills. Therefore, better algorithms are clearly needed to make correct ECG interpretations more accessible and time-efficient. Algorithms based on artificial intelligence (AI) have demonstrated promising performance in various fields, including ECG interpretation, over the past few years and may represent an alternative to manual ECG interpretation by doctors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We trained and validated a convolutional neural network with an Inception architecture on a dataset with 88253 12-lead ECGs, and classified 30 of the most frequent annotated cardiac conditions in the dataset. We assessed two different loss functions and different ECG sampling rates and the best-performing model used double soft F1-loss and ECGs downsampled to 75Hz. This model achieved an F1-score of <math><mrow><mn>0.420</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.017</mn></mrow> </math> , accuracy <math><mrow><mo>=</mo> <mn>0.954</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.002</mn></mrow> </math> , and an AUROC score of <math><mrow><mn>0.832</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>0.019</mn></mrow> </math> . An aggregated saliency map, showing the global importance of all 12 ECG leads for the 30 cardiac conditions, was generated using Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME). The global saliency map showed that the Inception model paid the most attention to the limb leads and the augmented leads and less importance to the precordial leads.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>One of the more significant contributions that emerge from this study is the use of aggregated saliency maps to obtain global ECG lead importance for different cardiac conditions. In addition, we emphasized the relevance of evaluating different loss functions, and in this specific case, we found double soft F1-loss to be slightly better than binary cross-entropy (BCE). Finally, we found it somewhat surprising that drastic downsampling of the ECG led to higher performance than higher sampling frequencies, such as 500Hz. These findings contribute in several ways to our understanding of the artificial intelligence-based interpretation of ECGs, but further studies should be carried out to validate these findings in other datasets from other patient cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"599-610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12528228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Fully Automatic Pipeline of Identification, Segmentation, and Subtyping of Aortic Dissection from CT Angiography.","authors":"Changjin Zhuang, Yanan Wu, Qianqian Qi, Shuiqing Zhao, Yu Sun, Jie Hou, Wei Qian, Benqiang Yang, Shouliang Qi","doi":"10.1007/s13239-025-00787-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-025-00787-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Aortic dissection (AD) is a rare condition with a high mortality rate, necessitating accurate and rapid diagnosis. This study develops an automated deep learning pipeline for identifying, segmenting, and Stanford subtyping AD using computed tomography angiography (CTA) images.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pipeline consists of four interconnected modules: aorta segmentation, AD identification, true lumen (TL) and false lumen (FL) segmentation, and Stanford subtyping. In the aorta segmentation module, a 3D full-resolution nnU-Net is trained. The segmented aorta's boundary is extracted using morphological operations and projected from multiple views in the AD identification module. AD identification is then performed using the multi-view projection data. For AD cases, a 3D nnU-Net is further trained for TL/FL segmentation based on the segmented aorta. Finally, a network is trained for Stanford subtyping using multi-view maximum density projections of the segmented TL/FL. A total of 386 CTA scans were collected for training, validation, and testing of the pipeline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For AD identification, the method achieved an accuracy of 0.979. The TL/FL segmentation for TypeA-AD and Type-B-AD achieved average Dice coefficient of 0.968 for TL and 0.971 for FL. For Stanford subtyping, the multi-view method achieved an accuracy of 0.990.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The automated pipeline enables rapid and accurate identification, segmentation, and Stanford subtyping of AD using CTA images, potentially accelerating the diagnosis and treatment. The segmented aorta and TL/FL can also serve as references for physicians. The code, models, and pipeline are publicly available at https://github.com/zhuangCJ/A-pipeline-of-AD.git .</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"465-480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Initial Opening Morphology of Polymeric Valves on Hemodynamic Performance.","authors":"Shihong Liu, Xiaofan Zheng, Yuqi Cao, Wenshuo Wang, Lai Wei, Shengzhang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s13239-025-00789-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-025-00789-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In order to explore the correlation between the initial morphology of the valve and hemodynamic and valve dynamic performance, this study is based on the fact that polymeric prostheses are more convenient to manufacture, and have the possibility of preparing complex geometric shapes and directly obtaining the initial morphologies of different valves, aims to research the effect of different initial opening morphologies of polymeric valves on hemodynamic performance.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Valve models with different opening shapes were established. Polyurethane materials were used to manufacture the valve samples by dip-coating molding. The stress distribution of three different initial opening shapes was compared by finite element simulation. The hemodynamics and the leaflets dynamic performance of the three polymeric valves were analyzed by in vitro pulsatile flow experiments and particle image velocity measurement experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The valve morphology at 0.025s, 0.053s, and 0.079s was selected as the initial shape and was recorded as PHV1, PHV2, and PHV3. Finite element analysis found that during the systolic phase, the stress concentration area of PHV1 was the highest among the three types of valves, while during the diastolic phase, the stress concentration area of PHV1 was the lowest. Similarly, the maximum principal strain of PHV1, PHV2, and PHV3 decreased in turn at the time of peak systole but increased in turn at the time of peak diastole. In vitro testing results showed that valves with smaller opening areas had smaller regurgitant volume, while valves with larger opening areas had larger EOA, as well as smaller vorticity and viscous shear stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Valves with a smaller initial opening area have a better effect in preventing regurgitation, whereas valve with a larger initial opening area has a larger opening area and a lower risk of thrombosis. Therefore, comprehensive considerations are needed when designing the initial morphology of the polymeric artificial heart valve.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"481-492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of a Mathematical Model for Rupture Status of Spherical Intracranial Aneurysms.","authors":"Seth Street, Mark D Johnson, John Na, Paolo Palmisciano, Samer Hoz, Lauren Schaffer, Geet Shukla, Aaron Grossman, Matthew Smith, Peyman Shirani, Jonathan Forbes, Norberto Andaluz, David Dierker, Charles J Prestigiacomo","doi":"10.1007/s13239-025-00782-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-025-00782-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>An accurate mathematical model of intracranial aneurysm (IA) mechanics is of great value for its potential utility in assessing probability of IA rupture. Such a model for spherical IAs has been developed which predicts a wall-thickness-to-IA-radius ratio (WTR) of 6.1 × 10^-3 at which IAs rupture. To our knowledge, no further work has been done to validate this model with clinical data. We aim to assess the accuracy and utility of this model of spherical IA rupture mechanics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Aneurysm height, width, neck diameter, and vessel radius were measured on radiologic images of IAs of the basilar terminus, anterior communicating, and posterior communicating arteries. Geometric modeling was used to approximate IA wall thickness. Calculations were performed with and without accounting for changes in IA morphology which have been shown to occur post-rupture. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and positive likelihood ratios (LR) were produced for WTR, aspect ratio (AR), bottleneck factor (BF), and size ratio (SR). Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the WTR where there is a 50% chance of presentation as a ruptured aneurysm in our cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>52 unruptured and 28 ruptured spherical IAs were included. ROC curve analysis revealed similar areas under the curve for WTR, AR, BF, and SR, ranging from 0.636 to 0.773 with overlapping confidence intervals. LRs ranged from 1.34 (95% CI 1.09-1.65) for AR calculated with post-rupture dimensional adjustments to 2.14 (95% CI 1.45-3.14) for WTR and BF calculated without post-rupture adjustments. Logistic regression revealed a strong association between decreased WTR and rupture status. The point at which there is a 50% chance of presentation as ruptured was found to be WTR = 7.9 × 10^-3 when calculated without post-rupture adjustments and WTR' = 6.2 × 10^-3 when calculated with post-rupture adjustments, from which the proposed 6.1 × 10^-3 differs by 23% and 1.4%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The model for IA rupture mechanics assessed in this study agrees reasonably well with clinical data and could serve as a foundation for further investigation. It additionally performs well in discriminating between ruptured and unruptured aneurysms, though its performance in this dataset is similar to more conventional, simpler parameters. Most importantly, this study demonstrates that biomathematical models can provide valuable insight into the nature of aneurysmal lesions despite their simplifying assumptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"400-409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12367843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Anatomy-Mimicking, Wave Transport-Preserving Mock Circulation Loop for Evaluating Pulsatile Hemodynamics as Supported by Cardiovascular Assist Devices.","authors":"Pong-Jeu Lu, Ming-Yao Chan, Steven Tsui, Tzung-Tza Shen, Jui-Chih Chang","doi":"10.1007/s13239-025-00785-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-025-00785-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Assessing circulatory hemodynamics in-vitro is crucial for cardiovascular device design before in-vivo testing. Current mock circulation loops (MCLs) rely on simplified, lumped-parameter hydraulic representations of human circulation. There is a need for a more sophisticated MCL that can accurately represent the human circulatory physiology and allow for critical assessment of device-supported hemodynamics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anatomy-mimicking MCL design guided by one-dimensional flow models has been developed, using tree-like arterial casts to create a complex system. The MCL comprises cardiac simulators, systemic circulatory subsystems consisting of 46 connected arterial casts, and lumped venous and pulmonary components. A parameter tuning process was also developed to ensure that the simulated MCL baselines are consistent with targeted healthy or heart failure scenarios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Blood pressure and flow waveforms in the thoracic aorta, upper and lower limb arteries and abdominal organs (kidney, liver, spleen, etc.) were reproduced and validated against published data. Complex afferent and efferent flows in cerebral circulation and phasic coronary flow subjected to myocardial compression effect were replicated with precision. Pulse wave behavior was authentically generated and compared favorably to the published in-vivo and in-silico results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This wave transport-preserving MCL is able to simulate pulsatile human circulatory hemodynamics with sufficient detail and accuracy. Complex cardiovascular device-intervened hemodynamics in large arteries and end organs can be systematically assessed using this new MCL, potentially contributing to a rapid and accurate in-vitro simulation to help advance device design and functional optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"435-454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12367835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}