Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Patient-Specific Haemodynamic Analysis of Virtual Grafting Strategies in Type-B Aortic Dissection: Impact of Compliance Mismatch.","authors":"Louis Girardin, Catriona Stokes, Myat Soe Thet, Aung Ye Oo, Stavroula Balabani, Vanessa Díaz-Zuccarini","doi":"10.1007/s13239-024-00713-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-024-00713-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Compliance mismatch between the aortic wall and Dacron Grafts is a clinical problem concerning aortic haemodynamics and morphological degeneration. The aortic stiffness introduced by grafts can lead to an increased left ventricular (LV) afterload. This study quantifies the impact of compliance mismatch by virtually testing different Type-B aortic dissection (TBAD) surgical grafting strategies in patient-specific, compliant computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A post-operative case of TBAD was segmented from computed tomography angiography data. Three virtual surgeries were generated using different grafts; two additional cases with compliant grafts were assessed. Compliant CFD simulations were performed using a patient-specific inlet flow rate and three-element Windkessel outlet boundary conditions informed by 2D-Flow MRI data. The wall compliance was calibrated using Cine-MRI images. Pressure, wall shear stress (WSS) indices and energy loss (EL) were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased aortic stiffness and longer grafts increased aortic pressure and EL. Implementing a compliant graft matching the aortic compliance of the patient reduced the pulse pressure by 11% and EL by 4%. The endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) differed the most within the aneurysm, where the maximum percentage difference between the reference case and the mid (MDA) and complete (CDA) descending aorta replacements increased by 16% and 20%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that by minimising graft length and matching its compliance to the native aorta whilst aligning with surgical requirements, the risk of LV hypertrophy may be reduced. This provides evidence that compliance-matching grafts may enhance patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"290-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11239731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Monte Carlo Sensitivity Analysis for a Dimensionally Reduced-Order Model of the Aortic Dissection.","authors":"Hamed Keramati, Erik Birgersson, Sangho Kim, Hwa Liang Leo","doi":"10.1007/s13239-024-00718-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-024-00718-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Aortic dissection is associated with a high mortality rate. Although computational approaches have shed light on many aspects of the disease, a sensitivity analysis is required to determine the significance of different factors. Because of its complex geometry and high computational expense, the three-dimensional (3D) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation is not a suitable approach for sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) to investigate the sensitivity of hemodynamic quantities to the lumped parameters of our zero-dimensional (0D) model with numerically calculated lumped parameters. We performed local and global analyses on the effect of the model parameters on important hemodynamic quantities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MCS showed that a larger lumped resistance value for the false lumen and the tears result in a higher retrograde flow rate in the false lumen (the coefficient of variation, <math> <mrow><msub><mi>c</mi> <mrow><mtext>v</mtext> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi></mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.0183</mn></mrow> </math> , the sensitivity <math> <mrow><msubsup><mi>S</mi> <mrow><msub><mtext>X</mtext> <mi>i</mi></msub> </mrow> <mi>σ</mi></msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.54</mn></mrow> </math> , Spearman's coefficient, <math> <mrow><msub><mi>ρ</mi> <mtext>s</mtext></msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.464</mn></mrow> </math> ). For the intraluminal pressure, our results show a significant role in the resistance and inertance of the true lumen (the coefficient of variation, <math> <mrow><msub><mi>c</mi> <mrow><mtext>v</mtext> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi></mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.0640</mn></mrow> </math> , the sensitivity <math> <mrow><msubsup><mi>S</mi> <mrow><msub><mtext>X</mtext> <mi>i</mi></msub> </mrow> <mi>σ</mi></msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.85</mn></mrow> </math> , and Spearman's coefficient, <math> <mrow><msub><mi>ρ</mi> <mtext>s</mtext></msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.855</mn></mrow> </math> for the inertance of the true lumen).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the necessity of comparing the results of the local and global sensitivity analyses to understand the significance of multiple lumped parameters. Because of the efficiency of the method, our approach is potentially useful to investigate and analyze medical planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"333-345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Remodeled ECM and Co-culture with iPSC-Derived Cardiac Fibroblasts on the Mechanical Function of Micropatterned iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes.","authors":"A Stempien, M Josvai, J Notbohm, J Zhang, T J Kamp, W C Crone","doi":"10.1007/s13239-024-00711-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-024-00711-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In native heart tissue, functions of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) include synthesis, remodeling, and degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as secreting factors that regulate cardiomyocyte (CM) function. The influence of direct co-culture and CF-derived ECM on CM mechanical function are not fully understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here we use an engineered culture platform that provides control over ECM geometry and substrate stiffness to evaluate the influence of iPSC-CFs, and the ECM they produce, on the mechanical function of iPSC-CMs. Mechanical analysis was performed using digital image correlation to quantify maximum contractile strain, spontaneous contraction rate, and full-field organization of the contractions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When cultured alone, iPSC-CFs produce and remodel the ECM into fibers following the underlying 15° chevron patterned ECM. The substrates were decellularized and confirmed to have highly aligned fibers that covered a large fraction of the pattern area before reseeding with iPSC-CMs, alone or in co-culture with iPSC-CFs. When seeded on decellularized ECM, larger maximum contractile strains were observed in the co-culture condition compared to the CM Only condition. No significant difference was found in contractile strain between the Matrigel and decellularized ECM conditions; however, the spontaneous contraction rate was lower in the decellularized ECM condition. A methodology for quantifying alignment of cell contraction across the entire field of view was developed based on trajectories approximating the cell displacements during contraction. Trajectory alignment was unaltered by changes in culture or ECM conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These combined observations highlight the important role CFs play in vivo and the need for models that enable a quantitative approach to examine interactions between the CFs and CMs, as well as the interactions of these cells with the ECM.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"264-278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11239313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140050999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmentation and Volumetric Analysis of Heart from Cardiac CT Images","authors":"Rashmitha, K. N. Manjunath, Anjali Kulkarni, Vamshikrishna Kulkarni","doi":"10.1007/s13239-024-00715-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13239-024-00715-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Cardiac CT is a valuable diagnostic tool in evaluating cardiovascular diseases. Accurate segmentation of the heart and its structures from cardiac CT and MRI images is essential for diagnosing functional abnormalities, treatment plans and cardiovascular diseases management. Accurate segmentation and quantitative assessments are still a challenge. Manual delineation of the heart from the scan images is labour-intensive, time-consuming, and error prone as it depends on the radiologist's experience. Thus, automated techniques are highly desirable as they can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of image analysis.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Method</h3><p>This work addresses the above problems. A new, image-driven, fast, and fully automatic segmentation method was developed to segment the heart from CT images using a processing pipeline of adaptive median filter, multi-level thresholding, active contours, mathematical morphology, and the knowledge of human anatomy to delineate the regions of interest.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The algorithm proposed is simple to implement and validate and requires no human intervention. The method is tested on the 'Image CHD' DICOM images (multi-centre, clinically approved single-phase de-identified images), and the results obtained were validated against the ground truths provided with the dataset. The results show an average Dice score, Jaccard score, and Hausdorff distance of <i>0.866, 0.776</i>, and <i>33.29 mm</i>, respectively, for the segmentation of the heart's chambers, aorta, and blood vessels. The results and the ground truths were compared using Bland-Altmon plots.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The heart was correctly segmented from the CT images using the proposed method. Further this segmentation technique can be used to develop AI based solutions for segmentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140838000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Planning and Patient-Specific Graft Design for Aortic Repairs.","authors":"Seda Aslan, Xiaolong Liu, Qiyuan Wu, Paige Mass, Yue-Hin Loke, Jed Johnson, Joey Huddle, Laura Olivieri, Narutoshi Hibino, Axel Krieger","doi":"10.1007/s13239-023-00701-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-023-00701-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Patients presenting with coarctation of the aorta (CoA) may also suffer from co-existing transverse arch hypoplasia (TAH). Depending on the risks associated with the surgery and the severity of TAH, clinicians may decide to repair only CoA, and monitor the TAH to see if it improves as the patient grows. While acutely successful, eventually hemodynamics may become suboptimal if TAH is left untreated. The objective of this work aims to develop a patient-specific surgical planning framework for predicting and assessing postoperative outcomes of simple CoA repair and comprehensive repair of CoA and TAH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The surgical planning framework consisted of virtual clamp placement, stenosis resection, and design and optimization of patient-specific aortic grafts that involved geometrical modeling of the graft and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation for evaluating various surgical plans. Time-dependent CFD simulations were performed using Windkessel boundary conditions at the outlets that were obtained from patient-specific non-invasive pressure and flow data to predict hemodynamics before and after the virtual repairs. We applied the proposed framework to investigate optimal repairs for six patients (n = 6) diagnosed with both CoA and TAH. Design optimization was performed by creating a combination of a tubular graft and a waterslide patch to reconstruct the aortic arch. The surfaces of the designed graft were parameterized to optimize the shape.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Peak systolic pressure drop (PSPD) and time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) were used as performance metrics to evaluate surgical outcomes of various graft designs and implantation. The average PSPD improvements were 28% and 44% after the isolated CoA repair and comprehensive repair, respectively. Maximum values of TAWSS were decreased by 60% after CoA repair and further improved by 22% after the comprehensive repair. The oscillatory shear index was calculated and the values were confirmed to be in the normal range after the repairs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results showed that the comprehensive repair outperforms the simple CoA repair and may be more advantageous in the long term in some patients. We demonstrated that the surgical planning and patient-specific flow simulations could potentially affect the selection and outcomes of aorta repairs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"123-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138177912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Cross-Limb Stent-Graft Configuration on Hemodynamics in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Interventional Therapy.","authors":"Yanqing Xie, Yating Zhu, Yike Shi, Yawei Zhao, Hongpeng Zhang, Fen Li, Hui Song, Lingfeng Chen, Wei Guo","doi":"10.1007/s13239-023-00702-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-023-00702-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The cross-limb (CL) technique is a commonly used endovascular treatment for addressing unfavorable anatomical features in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The configuration of CL stent-graft plays a critical role in determining the postoperative hemodynamic properties and physiological behaviors, which ultimately impact the efficacy and safety of endovascular AAA treatment. This study aims to investigate the relationship between hemodynamics and CL stent-graft configuration from a hemodynamic perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five distinct geometric models of cross-limb (CL) stent-graft configurations were constructed by optimizing the real clinical computed tomography angiography (CTA) data. These models varied in main body lengths and cross angles and were used to perform numerical simulations to analyze various hemodynamic parameters. Flow pattern, distribution of wall shear stress (WSS)-related parameters, localized normalized helicity (LNH), pressure drop, and the displacement force of all models were examined in this paper.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patient-specific cases, helical flow and WSS increase with the main body. However, it also generated secondary flow in localized areas, leading to increased oscillation in the WSS direction. Notably, increasing the stent graft's main body length or decreasing the cross angle reduced the displacement force exerted on the stent-graft. Reducing the cross angle did not significantly alter the hemodynamic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the clinical practice of CL deployment, it is crucial to carefully consider the stent-graft configuration and the patient specific to achieve optimal postoperative outcomes. This study provides valuable insights for guiding stent selection and treatment planning in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm undergoing CL techniques, from a hemodynamic perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138177979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preclinical Models of Cardiac Disease: A Comprehensive Overview for Clinical Scientists.","authors":"Elisa C H van Doorn, Jorik H Amesz, Amir H Sadeghi, Natasja M S de Groot, Olivier C Manintveld, Yannick J H J Taverne","doi":"10.1007/s13239-023-00707-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-023-00707-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For recent decades, cardiac diseases have been the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Despite significant achievements in their management, profound understanding of disease progression is limited. The lack of biologically relevant and robust preclinical disease models that truly grasp the molecular underpinnings of cardiac disease and its pathophysiology attributes to this stagnation, as well as the insufficiency of platforms that effectively explore novel therapeutic avenues. The area of fundamental and translational cardiac research has therefore gained wide interest of scientists in the clinical field, while the landscape has rapidly evolved towards an elaborate array of research modalities, characterized by diverse and distinctive traits. As a consequence, current literature lacks an intelligible and complete overview aimed at clinical scientists that focuses on selecting the optimal platform for translational research questions. In this review, we present an elaborate overview of current in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo and in silico platforms that model cardiac health and disease, delineating their main benefits and drawbacks, innovative prospects, and foremost fields of application in the scope of clinical research incentives.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"232-249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11116217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemodynamics of Saline Flushing in Endoscopic Imaging of Partially Occluded Coronary Arteries.","authors":"Syed Faisal, Michael Barbour, Eric J Seibel, Alberto Aliseda","doi":"10.1007/s13239-023-00708-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-023-00708-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Intravascular endoscopy can aid in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis by providing direct color images of coronary plaques. The procedure requires a blood-free optical path between the catheter and plaque, and achieving clearance safely remains an engineering challenge. In this study, we investigate the hemodynamics of saline flushing in partially occluded coronary arteries to advance the development of intravascular forward-imaging catheters that do not require balloon occlusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In-vitro experiments and CFD simulations are used to quantify the influence of plaque size, catheter stand-off distance, saline injection flowrate, and injection orientation on the time required to achieve blood clearance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experiments and simulation of saline injection from a dual-lumen catheter demonstrated that flushing times increase both as injection flow rate (Reynolds number) decreases and as the catheter moves distally away from the plaque. CFD simulations demonstrated that successful flushing was achieved regardless of lumen axial orientation in a 95% occluded artery. Flushing time was also found to increase as plaque size decreases for a set injection flowrate, and a lower limit for injection flowrate was found to exist for each plaques size, below which clearance was not achieved. For the three occlusion sizes investigated (90, 95, 97% by area), successful occlusion was achieved in less than 1.2 s. Investigation of the pressure fields developed during injection, highlight that rapid clearance can be achieved while keeping the arterial overpressure to < 1 mmHg.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A dual lumen saline injection catheter was shown to produce clearance safely and effectively in models of partially occluded coronary arteries. Clearance was achieved across a range of engineering and clinical parameters without the use of a balloon occlusion, providing development guideposts for a fluid injection system in forward-imaging coronary endoscopes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"211-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139405218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 3D-Printed Externally Adjustable Symmetrically Extensible (EASE) Aortic Annuloplasty Ring for Root Repair and Aortic Valve Regurgitation.","authors":"Yuanjia Zhu, Matthew H Park, Robert J Wilkerson, Hyun-Chel Joo, Pearly K Pandya, Y Joseph Woo","doi":"10.1007/s13239-024-00709-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-024-00709-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The valve-sparing aortic root replacement (VSARR) procedure was developed to preserve the aortic valve apparatus to replace aneurysmal aortic roots with synthetic grafts and to eliminate associated aortic regurgitation (AR). However, residual post-repair AR is not uncommon and has been found to be associated with recurrent AR and future reoperation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed and manufactured a 3D-printed, external adjustable symmetrically extensible (EASE) aortic annuloplasty ring that can symmetrically reduce the aortic annulus diameter via a radial constriction, compliant mechanism. An ex vivo porcine VSARR model with annular dilation and AR was developed (n = 4) and used for hemodynamic, echocardiography, and high-speed videography data collection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After ring annuloplasty repair using the EASE aortic ring, the regurgitant fraction decreased from 23.6 ± 6.9% from the VSARR model to 7.4 ± 5.6% (p = 0.05), which was similar to that measured from baseline with a regurgitant fraction of 10.2 ± 3.9% (p = 0.34). The leaflet coaptation height after annuloplasty repair also significantly increased from that measured in VSARR model (0.4 ± 0.1 cm) to 0.9 ± 0.1 cm (p = 0.0004), a level similar to that measured in baseline (1.1 ± 0.1 cm, p = 0.28).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using an ex vivo VSARR model, the EASE ring successfully reduced AR by reducing the annular diameter and improving leaflet coaptation. With its broad applicability and ease of use, this device has the potential to have a significant impact on patients suffering worldwide from AR due to root aneurysms.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"224-231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139492144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EDL Induced Electro-magnetized Modified Hybrid Nano-blood Circulation in an Endoscopic Fatty Charged Arterial Indented Tract.","authors":"Poly Karmakar, Sanatan Das","doi":"10.1007/s13239-023-00705-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13239-023-00705-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The electrokinetic process for streaming fluids in magnetic environments is emerging due to its immense applications in medical and biochemical industrial domains. In this context, our proposed model seeks to inquire into the hemodynamic characteristics of electro-magnetized blood blended with trihybrid nanoparticles circulation induced by electro-osmotic forces in an endoscopic charged arterial annular indented tract. This steaming model also invokes the consequences of variable Lorentz attractive force, buoyancy force, heat source, viscous and Joule warming, arterial wall properties, and sliding phenomena for featuring more realistic problems in blood flows. Different shapes of suspended trihybrid nanoparticles, such as spheres, bricks, cylinders, and platelets, are included in the model formation. Electro-magnetized modified hybrid nano-blood is an electro-conductive solution comprising blood as base fluid and magnetized trihybrid nanoparticles (copper, gold, and alumina).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Closed-form solution in terms of Bessel's functions is gotten for electro-osmotic potential due to the electric double layer (EDL). The homotopy perturbation methodology is implemented in order to track down the convergent series solutions of non-linear coupled flow equations being elicited. The physical attributes of distinct evolving parameters on the different dimensionless hemodynamic profiles and quantities of interest are elucidated evocatively via a sort of graphs and charts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ancillary outcomes proved that the Debye-Hückel parameter and Helmholtz-Smoluchowski velocity have a dual impact on the ionized bloodstream. The bloodstream rapidity is alleviated/boosted for the assisting/opposing electroosmosis process. Cooling of ionized blood in the endoscopic arterial conduit is achieved with lower Hartmann numbers. Copper-gold-alumina/blood exhibits a superior heat transmission rate across the arterial wall than copper-gold-blood, copper-blood, and pure blood. Additionally, the contour topology for the bloodstream in the flow domain is briefly elaborated. The contour distribution is significantly amended due to the variant of the Debye-Hückel parameter.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The model's new findings may be invaluable in electro-magneto-endoscopic operation, electro-magneto-treatment for cancer, surgical process, etc.</p>","PeriodicalId":54322,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"171-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139040932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}