Environmental Earth Sciences最新文献

{"title":"A distributed parallel processing framework for sentinel-1 wide-area time series InSAR: Application in Jining City","authors":"Guanghui Zhang,&nbsp;Zhigang Yu,&nbsp;Guoman Huang,&nbsp;Min Ji,&nbsp;Xu Yang,&nbsp;Chunyu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12665-026-13147-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-026-13147-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar plays a critical role in large-scale surface deformation monitoring. Nevertheless, conventional time-series InSAR techniques are often constrained by low computational efficiency and heavy reliance on high-performance hardware when processing massive datasets. To overcome these challenges, we develop a distributed and parallel time-series InSAR processing strategy. Sentinel-1 imagery is segmented into burst-level units, enabling task partitioning and multi-device parallel computation, which substantially reduces the dependence on advanced computing resources. In addition, a mosaicking and correction workflow is established, where quadratic polynomial fitting and distance-weighted blending are applied for burst and swath mosaicking. This ensures the spatial continuity of the deformation field. A case study in Jining City demonstrates that the proposed approach achieves efficient large-area processing on a personal computer, successfully identifying significant subsidence zones in mining areas and characterizing their temporal evolution. Field surveys confirm the occurrence of road fractures and building cracks in regions of severe deformation. Overall, the proposed framework enhances computational efficiency and lowers hardware requirements, thereby providing a cost-effective and practical solution for regional geohazard monitoring and infrastructure safety assessment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"85 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-026-13147-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-dimensional cloud-model-based fuzzy evaluation method for grading nonlinear tunnel large deformation","authors":"Shibin Yao,&nbsp;Peixi Yang,&nbsp;Jian Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s12665-026-13108-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-026-13108-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tunnel large deformation is governed by coupled effects of rock mass strength, groundwater, and discontinuity conditions. In practice, blurred grade boundaries and inconsistent indicator definitions often undermine the stability and interpretability of conventional threshold-based grading and single-weighting methods, especially in cross-project applications. This study develops a multi-dimensional cloud-model-based fuzzy grading framework for nonlinear large deformation. Under predefined grading intervals, asymmetric cloud models are established to derive membership (association) intervals of each indicator across grades; the upper–lower envelope bandwidth of these intervals is further extracted to quantify sample dispersion and variability, thereby mitigating boundary sensitivity. A subjective–objective integrated weighting strategy is adopted: subjective weights are obtained from an expert scoring matrix, while objective weights are computed using EWM, CRITIC, PCA, and TOPSIS. The representative objective scheme is selected based on grading accuracy and then fused with the subjective weights to form comprehensive weights. Moreover, a same-grade coupling mechanism is introduced to construct pairwise coupling cloud models, which quantify the joint support of indicator combinations for grade discrimination and provide interpretable explanations for misclassifications with actionable optimization directions. Validation on Telmo, Huangjiagou, and Muzhailing datasets yields accuracies of 88%, 90%, and 85%, outperforming single-weighting schemes. Aggregating the three projects produces a global ranking of 13 indicators, offering a unified, robust, and interpretable basis for grading, early-warning prioritization, and mitigation optimization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"85 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-026-13108-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volcanic stratigraphy offshore East Montserrat: Selective preservation and subaqueous remobilisation in marine records","authors":"Dina Hanifah,&nbsp;Steffen Kutterolf,&nbsp;Katrin Huhn","doi":"10.1007/s12665-026-13151-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-026-13151-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In tectonically active regions, volcanic eruptions generate large volumes of material that are transported offshore through processes such as pyroclastic density currents, turbidity currents, and secondary sediment remobilisation. These deposits form key stratigraphic markers for reconstructing eruptive histories, yet their preservation, correlation with onshore events, and modification by mass wasting remain insufficiently understood. This study examines the effectiveness of marine sedimentary sequences in recording eruptive and mass-transport events from Soufrière Hills Volcano offshore Montserrat, in comparison to the monitoring record of its well-known last eruptive phase between 1995 and 2010. We focus on spatial and temporal variations in facies, evaluating how offshore deposits reflect transport mechanisms, depositional settings, and post-depositional reworking. Two gravity cores (~ 1.7 m in total) from the eastern offshore sector provide contrasting perspectives: one retrieved in a depression and close to a mass-transport deposit contains ~ 30 cm of volcaniclastic layers underlain by debrites, whereas the other, from a more stable setting higher at the slope, preserves only a thin (~ 1 cm) ash horizon. A multi-proxy approach, including X-ray fluorescence (XRF) geochemistry, multi-sensor core logging (MSCL), and computed tomography (CT) imaging, was applied to characterise volcanic facies, assess ash preservation, and evaluate the development of mechanically weak layers that may act as failure planes for eruption-induced remobilisation or slope instability. Results demonstrate significant challenges in correlating terrestrial and submarine records regarding smaller eruptive events and in the temporal order of years. Offshore sequences show selective preservation, with simple, thin ash deposits in undisturbed areas contrasting with complex, remobilised successions near disturbed settings. These findings underline the critical role of post-depositional processes in shaping proximal marine volcanic archives and highlight the value of integrated sedimentological and physical property analyses for reconstructing eruptive processes and improving hazard assessments in proximal volcanic island settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"85 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-026-13151-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of drought index and quantitative assessment of spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the Loess Plateau using multi-source remote sensing","authors":"Jing Zhou,&nbsp;Wanyun Huang,&nbsp;Kelin Wang,&nbsp;Pingda Lu,&nbsp;Mengyun Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoping Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12665-026-13145-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-026-13145-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drought significantly affects water and carbon cycles of the terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. However, drought monitoring using remote sensing approaches remains limited, because remote sensing-based drought indices lack explicit physical mechanisms. To address this gap, this study developed a comprehensive drought index (CDI) by integrating the normalized difference drought index (NDDI), soil moisture monitoring index (SMMI), and temperature vegetation drought index (TVDI), while explicitly accounting for the temporal evolution and physical drivers of drought. Using Theil-Sen Median trend analysis and the Mann-Kendall test, this study quantified the spatiotemporal dynamics of drought across the Loess Plateau during 2001–2022. Combined with Hurst index analysis, this study further assessed the long-term persistence and projected future drought trends. The results showed that: (1) CDI effectively reflected regional soil drought conditions, and exhibited a significant negative correlation with in situ soil moisture measurements (<i>R</i>^<i>2</i> = 0.71). (2) The Loess Plateau experienced moderate drought, with a slow declining trend in dryness. (3) Spatially, drought conditions migrated seasonally; severe drought occurred predominantly in spring and summer, whereas moderate drought prevailed in autumn and winter. Drying trends dominated the northwestern and southeastern Loess Plateau, while the central region along the northeast-southwest exhibited an obvious wetting trend. (4) Hurst index suggested an overall trend toward drier conditions in the future, with larger humidifying areas in autumn and winter than in spring and summer. This study advances drought monitoring methodology and provides data support for drought monitoring and early warning in the Loess Plateau.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"85 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-026-13145-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sabkha systems of the United Arab Emirates as integrated carbonate–evaporite laboratories: facies architecture, brine evolution, critical-element potential, and geoheritage significance","authors":"Mostafa. R. Abukhadra,&nbsp;Mohammed Al-zharani,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Allam,&nbsp;Mohammad Ahmad Hamdan,&nbsp;Péter Szűcs,&nbsp;Mohamed H. Eid","doi":"10.1007/s12665-026-13146-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-026-13146-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sabkha systems of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) represent one of the world’s most extensively documented modern carbonate–evaporite settings, yet their multidisciplinary significance has not previously been synthesized within a unified process-based framework. This review integrates sedimentological architecture, hydrogeochemical dynamics, geomicrobiological mediation, radiogeochemical behaviour, and resource-oriented implications across coastal and inland sabkha domains. We demonstrate that UAE sabkhas are not static evaporite flats but highly reactive hydrogeochemical systems characterized by lateral facies zonation, vertical brine stratification, and a fundamental decoupling between water sources and solute inputs. Microbial mat processes and extracellular polymeric substances are shown to play a critical role in early diagenesis, particularly in low-temperature dolomite formation and sulfate–carbonate transformations. Hydrogeochemical synthesis confirms that evaporite mineral assemblages (carbonate → gypsum/anhydrite → halite) reflect recurrent concentration–reset cycles rather than simple linear evaporation paths, with implications for reservoir heterogeneity and early cement distribution. Radiogeochemical partitioning is facies-dependent, controlled by detrital provenance, sulfate mineral trapping, and brine–sediment interaction. While lithium and associated critical elements may concentrate in hydrologically restricted, late-stage residual brines, current evidence supports a cautious, facies-resolved screening approach rather than assumptions of inherent high-grade enrichment. Beyond their value as modern analogues for ancient evaporitic systems and Arabian Plate reservoir–seal models, UAE sabkhas emerge as strategically important geomaterial systems linking sedimentology, basin analysis, geoheritage conservation, environmental baselines, and saline-resource evaluation. This integrated synthesis establishes a framework for evidence-based resource screening and sustainable management of arid coastal evaporitic environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"85 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-026-13146-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal patterns of ecological condition under water-salt stress in the yellow river delta: an improved remote sensing ecological index approach","authors":"Xiaokang Du,&nbsp;Shentang Dou,&nbsp;Guangzhou Wang,&nbsp;Feihe Kong,&nbsp;Weiqi Dai,&nbsp;Chao Zhu,&nbsp;Shaohua Zhang,&nbsp;Yaoshen Fan","doi":"10.1007/s12665-026-13129-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-026-13129-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurately assessing ecological condition is crucial for ecosystem conservation. The Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI), which incorporates soil moisture (WET), was widely used to assess regional ecological condition. However, in coastal wetlands, the performance of the WET index is often undermined due to high soil salinity caused by seawater intrusion. Therefore, a Water-Salt Stress (WSS) index was developed by integrating WET and salinity (SI) to quantify the combined water-salt stress on vegetation. Replacing WET with WSS, an improved index, Water-Salt Stress Remote Sensing Ecological Index (WSRSEI), was established for ecological condition assessment. Results show higher WSS (&gt; 0.7) in tide-influenced coastal areas and lower WSS (&lt; 0.4) near inland channels. In high-WSS zones, WSRSEI was significantly lower than RSEI. Independent field validation demonstrate that WSRSEI significantly outperforms RSEI in capturing actual vegetation conditions. Long-term analysis (1985–2025) revealed a slight overall decline in the delta's WSRSEI (from 0.631 to 0.621). Ecological condition improved in the Qingshuigou Nature Reserve (QSGNR) (WSRSEI: 0.565 to 0.627) due to sediment input and post-2008 ecological water supplementation, but declined in the Diaokou River Nature Reserve (DKRNR) (0.621 to 0.554) due to coastal erosion and saltwater intrusion. Engineering structures such as levees and farm dikes effectively mitigated seawater intrusion. Since 1985, the expansion of aquaculture ponds, bare land, and built-up areas has been a major factor in the overall decline of ecological condition. This study provides a refined methodological framework for coastal ecological condition assessment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"85 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-026-13129-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure mechanism analysis of the catastrophic Junlian landslide in Southwestern China based on seismic signal analysis and numerical simulation","authors":"Qingyuan Chen,&nbsp;Qiao Tang,&nbsp;Gang Fan,&nbsp;Juntong Zhou,&nbsp;Congjiang Li,&nbsp;Bingkun Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12665-026-13142-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-026-13142-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-speed long-runout landslides are characterized by abrupt initiation, rapid movement, and extensive impact areas, making them among the most destructive geological hazards in mountainous regions of Southwest China. Because these events often occur suddenly, continuous observations throughout the entire movement process are rarely available, which makes it difficult to accurately characterize their dynamic evolution and failure mechanisms. To address this limitation and improve the understanding of such hazards, this study investigates two successive high-speed long-runout landslides that occurred in Junlian County, Yibin City, Sichuan Province, China, on February 8, 2025, by integrating seismic signal analysis, discrete element simulation, and limit equilibrium analysis. Landslide-induced seismic signals were used to identify movement stages and estimate centroid motion parameters, whereas discrete element simulation and limit equilibrium analysis were used to interpret the initiation failure mode and stability-controlling factors. Results indicate that the two successive landslides can be divided into three stages: initiation and acceleration, collision and redirection, and deceleration and accumulation. The estimated peak centroid velocities of the first and second landslides were approximately 45 m/s and 42 m/s, respectively, subject to significant uncertainty from mass estimation. Discrete element simulation shows that the initiation failure process was characterized by rear tensile cracking, toe shear deformation, progressive connection of the potential sliding surface, and rapid downslope movement after instability. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the rear crack connectivity ratio and internal friction angle were the key factors controlling slope stability, whereas horizontal seismic acceleration and rear-crack water depth had relatively limited influence. Overall, this study provides a seismic-signal-based method for post-event reconstruction of sudden geohazards, supporting mechanism analysis and hazard mitigation of similar landslides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"85 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-026-13142-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of compost and gypsum to improve physicochemical properties of saline-sodic soil conditions in Asaita District, Northeastern Ethiopia","authors":"Habtamu Admas,&nbsp;Tesfahun Kassahun","doi":"10.1007/s12665-026-13143-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-026-13143-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil salinity and sodicity are important constraints to agricultural productivity in irrigated areas of the Lower Awash Basin, particularly in Asaita District, Northeastern Ethiopia. This study evaluated the effectiveness of biological and chemical-organic reclamation approaches for improving the physicochemical properties and nutrient availability of saline-sodic soils at two experimental sites in Asaita District. Two field experiments were conducted separately. The first experiment evaluated nine treatments comprising salt-tolerant forage species with and without 10 t/ha filter-cake compost, while the second experiment evaluated three gypsum rates (0, 5, and 10 t/ha) combined factorially with three filter-cake compost rates (0, 5, and 10 t/ha). Both experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable sodium, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), bulk density (BD), organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), cation exchange capacity (CEC), available phosphorus (Av. P) and available sulphur (Av. S), and selected micronutrients were determined after treatment application. The results showed that integrated amendment treatments generally produced greater improvements in soil properties than individual amendments. At Site I, Blue panic grass (Panicum antidotale) combined with 10 t/ha filter-cake compost produced the lowest BD (1.01 g/cm³) and pH (7.77), compared with 1.31 g/cm³ and 8.32, respectively, in the untreated control. At Site II, the combined application of 10 t/ha gypsum and 10 t/ha filter-cake compost was the best-performing treatment. It reduced EC from 6.56 to 2.85 dS/m (56.6%), ESP from 13.17% to 5.79% (56.0%), and pH from 8.25 to 7.65 (0.60 pH units; 7.3%), while reducing BD from 1.37 to 1.01 g/cm³ and increasing CEC from 73.2 to 79.6 cmolc/kg. The same treatment also enhanced the availability of several nutrients and micronutrients. These findings indicate that integrated application of gypsum and filter-cake compost can effectively improve saline-sodic soil properties under the conditions of the experimental sites. Therefore, 10 t/ha gypsum combined with 10 t/ha filter-cake compost is recommended as the best-performing treatment for saline-sodic soils with similar characteristics in Asaita District, provided that adequate irrigation and drainage are available. The findings should not be generalized to the entire Afar Region because soil properties, irrigation conditions, and agro-ecological characteristics vary among locations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"85 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-026-13143-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Midterm drought forecasting based on dam storage prediction using deep learning algorithms","authors":"Hyeong-Yun So,&nbsp;Hyeon-Cheol Yoon,&nbsp;Tae-Gyun Kim,&nbsp;Se-Jeong Lee","doi":"10.1007/s12665-026-13138-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-026-13138-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effective drought preparedness depends on sufficient lead time to secure water resources and implement adaptive response strategies. In South Korea, three-month drought forecasts are issued at the beginning of each month under the supervision of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety; however, these forecasts remain insufficient to mitigate the risk of persistent drought conditions. Accordingly, this study aims to improve midterm drought forecasting by extending the prediction horizon to six months and modeling dam storage dynamics using deep learning algorithms, thereby enhancing proactive drought preparedness. To achieve this objective, three training datasets were developed through feature engineering applied to observational hydrological data and then combined with four deep learning architectures (Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN), and Convolutional Neural Network–LSTM (CNN-LSTM)), resulting in 12 predictive models. Among the evaluated models, the configuration combining the TCN architecture with training dataset B exhibited the highest performance, and its hyperparameters were subsequently optimized via a stepwise grid search procedure. Evaluation of the final midterm prediction model with optimized hyperparameters yielded an average Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 35.440 and an average error rate of approximately 6.23% relative to total storage, thereby demonstrating robust quantitative predictive performance. Furthermore, qualitative evaluation indicates that the model effectively reproduces temporal storage variability patterns, including those observed during severe drought conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"85 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-026-13138-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying nitrate sources and nitrogen transformation in a karst river–groundwater system using dual nitrate isotopes and a Bayesian (SIAR) mixing model","authors":"Zupeng Wan,&nbsp;Baojun Liu,&nbsp;Wenwen Chen,&nbsp;Yingjie Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Yan,&nbsp;Honghu Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s12665-026-13136-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-026-13136-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Karst basins have permeable surface-subsurface connections that can accelerate nitrogen transport. The Lipu River Basin in southern Guilin is affected by intensive agriculture and industrial activity, but its nitrate sources and transformations remain poorly resolved. We integrated dual nitrate isotopes (δ¹⁵N-NO₃⁻ and δ¹⁸O-NO₃⁻), hydrochemical data, and a Bayesian SIAR mixing model. River-water TN was significantly higher in winter (7.09 ± 6.59 mg/L) than in summer (2.95 ± 1.48 mg/L). River-water NO₃⁻-N was lower in summer than in winter and lower than groundwater only during summer; the winter river-groundwater difference was not significant. The highest individual groundwater NO₃⁻-N values occurred near the industrial park, but the land-use group difference was not significant (Kruskal-Wallis, <i>p</i> = 0.48). The SIAR model identified manure and sewage as the largest modeled summer nitrate source, contributing 49% at the basin scale. These results identify elevated winter river loads and groundwater nitrate hotspots near tributaries and industrial zones as management priorities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"85 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-026-13136-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}