{"title":"Resolving Asymmetric Spectral Bands","authors":"Adrian J. Brown","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003981","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper introduces the basics of asymmetrical spectral band fitting and discusses the resolution of overlapping Gaussian shapes. We study how to fit overlapping bands with asymmetric Gaussian shapes. First, we derive an equation for an Asymmetric Gaussian shape. We then use this equation to derive a resolvability basis for the resolution of two nearby Gaussian bands. The so called Master Equation is then used to fit these two overlapping bands. We identify regions of the fitting space where the Asymmetric Gaussian fit is likely to be Optimal, Sub Optimal and Not Optimal. We then demonstrate the use of the Asymmetric Gaussian to fit four overlapping bands, and show how this is relevant to the olivine spectral complex at 1 <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>μ</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${upmu }$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>m. The limitations of the asymmetric band fitting method and a critical assessment of three commonly used numerical minimization and fitting methods are also provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003981","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Establishment of Safety Evaluation Factors for Dust Storms in the Landing Area Selection for Tianwen-3 Mission","authors":"Puzheng Wen, Yuan Tian, Bo Li, Shaojie Qu","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003994","url":null,"abstract":"<p>China's Tianwen-3 mission is expected to be launched around 2028, making it the first Mars sample return mission. Dust storms occurring in all seasons on Mars can affect the accuracy and safety of the landing and takeoff phases of Mars sampling missions. Hence, analyzing the spatio-temporal patterns of dust storms in the landing areas is important for the success of the Tianwen-3 mission. In this paper, firstly we improved the engineering constraints for selecting Mars landing sites (Golombek et al., 2012) by adding safety evaluation factors of dust storm activity. There are three factors: the emergence of protogenous dust storms, a dust storm sequence passing through and the buffer time of dust storm sequence. The pre-selected landing areas in Utopia and Chryse Planitia of Tianwen-3 mission can be divided into three categories: danger zones (areas with protogenous dust storm activity), safety zones (areas without any dust storm occurrence), and forecast zones (areas without protogenous dust storm activity but with dust storm sequences passing through). Then, the safety evaluation factors and method for predicting dust storms proposed in this paper have been successfully applied to the landing process of Tianwen-1 and their correctness has also been verified. Finally, taking into account factors such as elevation, slope, dust storm safety and scientific values, we selected four priority landing sites from the 40 pre-selected landing sites for Tianwen-3 mission.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003994","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steve P. Lund, Ellen Platzman, Gilbert Camoin, Nicolas Thouveny
{"title":"Paleomagnetic Secular Variation Records From the Post-Glacial Tahiti Coral Reef","authors":"Steve P. Lund, Ellen Platzman, Gilbert Camoin, Nicolas Thouveny","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003992","url":null,"abstract":"<p>IODP Expedition 310 recovered more than 600 m of Post Last-Glacial-Maximum (LGM) coral reef framework rocks from the current reef tract surrounding the island of Tahiti. Six sites (12 holes) were sampled for paleomagnetic studies on the south side of the island, termed the Maraa reef tract, and five sites (12 holes) were sampled for paleomagnetic studies on the north side of the island, termed the Tiarei reef tract. The sampled framework rocks are ∼8,000–15,000 cal. YBP in age based on more than 300 radiocarbon and uranium-series dates. We have recovered paleomagnetic inclination and relative paleointensity records from all of these holes with an average sampling interval of ∼100–200 years. These paleomagnetic records are correlatable across all holes of each reef tract. Combining all of the paleomagnetic data let us build a composite paleomagnetic record for each tract, which is correlatable between tracts in their interval of temporal overlap. The paleomagnetic records are synchronous between the two tracks and are consistent with Late Quaternary paleomagnetic records from Australia/New Zealand. This is the first detailed paleomagnetic record from a coral reef environment and one of few late Quaternary paleomagnetic records from the Southern Hemisphere Pacific region. The paleomagnetic results also are distinctive in that they provide replicate evidence for three short (∼100 years) intervals of anomalous inclinations with values that approach reversed polarity. These may be magnetic field excursions or some different kind of anomalous paleomagnetic secular variation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003992","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microphysical Properties and Turbulence Evolution Characteristics of a Typical Coastal Fog Event in the Beibu Gulf, China","authors":"Lu Qianqian, Zheng Fengqin, Luo Shengyan","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003835","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A fog field observation experiment was carried out in the Beibu Gulf, Guangxi, China from February to April of 2023, with observational instruments including fog monitor, visibility meters, and the three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer. This study is the first to use the field observation data conducting a fog microphysics in this area. A dense coastal fog case during 10–11 February 2023 is chosen to understand the evolution of the microphysical characteristic parameters, dominant microphysical processes, as well as the turbulence characteristics. The main results are as follow: (a) The average values of fog droplets number concentration(N), liquid water content (LWC), average diameter (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mover>\u0000 <mi>D</mi>\u0000 <mo>‾</mo>\u0000 </mover>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $overline{D}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>), are 6.5 cm<sup>−3</sup>,0.0005 gm<sup>−3</sup> and 3.1 μm, respectively. The N and LWC over the Beibu Gulf are much lower than those in other coastal areas of China. (b) The droplet size distribution of the Beibu Gulf fog is monotonically decreasing, with peak diameter of 2.8 μm. The average droplet number distribution roughly conforms to the Junge distribution. (c) For the whole coastal fog event, condensation nucleation and droplet condensation growth are the dominant processes, and well-developed turbulence is observed. (d) During the development stage of this fog, condensation nucleation and condensation growth is the dominant processes; in the mature stage, turbulence is relatively stable, and the collision process plays a dominant role; during the dissipation stage, there is evaporation of fog droplets.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003835","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Graziella Caprarelli, David Baratoux, Cinzia Cervato, Paolo Diviacco, Alina Donea, Steven J. Fletcher, Subrahmanyam Bulusu, Helen M. Glaves, Cathleen E. Jones, Astrid Maute, Franklin P. Mills, Sara C. Pryor, Kristy Tiampo, Zunyi Xie
{"title":"Thank You to Our 2024 Reviewers","authors":"Graziella Caprarelli, David Baratoux, Cinzia Cervato, Paolo Diviacco, Alina Donea, Steven J. Fletcher, Subrahmanyam Bulusu, Helen M. Glaves, Cathleen E. Jones, Astrid Maute, Franklin P. Mills, Sara C. Pryor, Kristy Tiampo, Zunyi Xie","doi":"10.1029/2025EA004332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025EA004332","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Editors and Staff of <i>Earth and Space Science</i> thank the reviewers whose selfless work has significantly contributed to the publication process of papers highlighting the best research in geophysics, planetary, and space science in 2024. Peer-reviewing is a demanding and thankless job. It is however an essential component of the scientific process, requiring the highest standards of integrity and rigor. Reviewers check data and procedures and test reproducibility of methods and results; they share their expertise to verify that the interpretations and conclusions of a paper are consistent with assumptions and existing knowledge. Without this essential work, it would not be possible to trust in the scientific process. Publication of papers in a multidisciplinary journal such as <i>Earth and Space Science</i>, that highlights methods, instruments, data and algorithms, relies directly on the expertise of its reviewers to verify and vouch for the quality of the papers that are published. We are indebted to all our reviewers and are delighted to acknowledge them publicly in this Editorial.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025EA004332","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lily A. Clough, Victoria Da Poian, Jonathan D. Major, Lauren M. Seyler, Brett A. McKinney, Bethany P. Theiling
{"title":"Interpretable Machine Learning Biosignature Detection From Ocean Worlds Analogue CO2 Isotopologue Data","authors":"Lily A. Clough, Victoria Da Poian, Jonathan D. Major, Lauren M. Seyler, Brett A. McKinney, Bethany P. Theiling","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003966","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Future missions to icy ocean worlds (OW) such as Europa and Enceladus will evaluate the habitability and potential for biosignatures on these worlds. These missions will benefit from autonomous science and machine learning (ML) methods to process high volumes of data and prioritize signals of interest for the first available downlink. Mass spectrometers (MS) are suitable instruments for implementing science autonomy due to their rich spectral data products and potential for biosignature detection. Light stable isotopes are strong candidates for biosignatures due to the large fractionations promoted by biological activity. However, complex abiotic geochemistry may obscure or mimic biogenic isotope fractionations. ML may accurately disentangle biosignatures from abiotic mimicry in MS data; however, ML model predictions can be inscrutable to human interpretation, compromising trust in scientifically significant detections. We develop and test a new biosignature detection ML model using a novel, laboratory-generated, CO<sub>2</sub> isotopologue data set of analogue OW samples. These data include various potential OW seawater chemistries and biotic mimicry. Our ML approach includes feature (variable) construction, providing mathematical and geochemical context for biosignatures, and a feature selection method called Nearest-neighbors Projected Distance Regression (NPDR) that identifies important predictors. Our Random Forest biosignature model predicts the presence of biosignatures with 87.3% mean accuracy regardless of the sample brine chemistry. We add network visualization of main effects and statistical interactions for interpretation of model prediction mechanisms. We use single-sample (local) variable importance scores to diagnose false predictions for individual samples, which is crucial for trust in astrobiology ML biosignature models.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003966","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingchuan Wang, Nicholas C. Schmerr, Vedran Lekić, Jacob Giles, Linden Wike, Austin Hoyle, Ernest Robert Bell, Naoma McCall, Jacob A. Richardson, Patrick Whelley, John D. West, Shannon Rees, Casey Braccia, Caela Barry, Jose M. Hurtado, Tara Sweeney, Nohemi Valenzuela
{"title":"Active Seismic Exploration of Planetary Subsurfaces via Compressive Sensing","authors":"Jingchuan Wang, Nicholas C. Schmerr, Vedran Lekić, Jacob Giles, Linden Wike, Austin Hoyle, Ernest Robert Bell, Naoma McCall, Jacob A. Richardson, Patrick Whelley, John D. West, Shannon Rees, Casey Braccia, Caela Barry, Jose M. Hurtado, Tara Sweeney, Nohemi Valenzuela","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003828","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Geophysical measurements, such as seismic experiments, are a key target for scientific activities on planetary surfaces. Dense spatial sampling of such measurements is often desirable, and acquisition is traditionally performed at regular intervals. However, achieving regular and dense spatial sampling is made difficult by obstacles and operational constraints of a planetary surface mission. Here, we present an application of compressive sensing (CS) in the design of seismic surveys on planetary surfaces for imaging the shallow subsurface. This approach is based on more flexible, randomized subsampling and requires fewer sources or receivers compared to traditional methods. We illustrate the potential of CS on synthetic data and measurements made along an active seismic transect across a lunar analog site. We then explore the use of CS-assisted seismic acquisition at a terrestrial analog site in the San Francisco Volcanic Field. We show how irregularly acquired data can be interpolated to reconstruct data at finer spatial sampling and yield seismic images comparable to those from regularly acquired high-density data. Finally, we apply our approach to reanalyze the legacy data collected by the Active Seismic Experiments during the Apollo 14 and 16 missions. The results show that the CS method can recover missing data and increase the amount of data available for refraction analysis. Our study highlights the potential of CS in future planetary surface exploration missions for (a) an order-of-magnitude improvement in survey efficiency and (b) improved imaging quality to gain a deeper understanding of the geologic processes of planetary bodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003828","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. L. Xu, Y. B. Yang, Y. M. Deng, C. Y. Sun, Z. N. Su, C. H. Feng, S. L. Shi
{"title":"Geophysics Indicator of Sandstone-Type Uranium Mineralization in the Northern Ordos Basin, China: Analysis From Gravity and Magnetic Data","authors":"M. L. Xu, Y. B. Yang, Y. M. Deng, C. Y. Sun, Z. N. Su, C. H. Feng, S. L. Shi","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003521","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ordos Basin, one of the largest uranium resource areas in China, holds significant potential due to its favorable metallogenic geological conditions and promising potential. Early exploration efforts primarily targeted sandstone-hosted uranium deposits. Recently, the discovery of several large and super-large sandstone-type uranium deposits has revealed previously unrecognized uranium-bearing formations. However, these newly identified formations have yet to undergo systematic research on their geological conditions and metallogenesis processes, highlighting the urgent need for further investigation to advance metallogenic theory. Additionally, fault structures, which are critical to the metalization process, remain insufficiently described due to lack of comprehensive geophysical data. To bridge this gap, this study employs areal data to characterize the geophysical signatures of both traditional and newly discovered ore-bearing formations. The research delineates the distributions of primary and secondary faults, analyzes the characteristic of basement relief, and integrates basin evolution with key metallogenic factors utilizing gravity and magnetic exploration. Furthermore, the study identifies two promising metallogenic zones, offering essential insights to guide future exploration, resource development, and efficient exploitation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephen P. Scheidt, David A. Crown, Daniel C. Berman
{"title":"Mapping Fluvial Valleys on the Flanks of Alba Mons: Implications for Amazonian Watershed Development in Northern Tharsis, Mars","authors":"Stephen P. Scheidt, David A. Crown, Daniel C. Berman","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003967","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study characterizes fluvial activity on Alba Mons using a combination of image and topographic data to inform photogeologic interpretation and hydrological modeling. We produced a comprehensive digital inventory of fluvial valleys that documents the extensive dendritic and parallel drainage patterns dissecting Early Amazonian volcanic materials. Drainage density was correlated with regional slopes. On the summit and southern flanks, valleys are sparse and regional slopes are less steep, between 0.0° and 0.3° (average 0.4° ± 0.2°). Areas with higher drainage density (average 0.24 km<sup>−1</sup>; locally >0.5 km<sup>−1</sup>) have steeper regional slopes, between 0.1° and 2.9° (average 1.0° ± 0.4°). Ridged lava tubes and tabular lava flows represent local topographic highs that exert a strong influence on drainage patterns, but are also locally eroded by fluvial valleys. Graben formation and ice-rich mantle deposition complicate analyses by altering fluvial features. For two case studies, we employed an integrated approach that combined mapping and hydrological modeling to create watershed reconstructions that allowed robust morphometric analyses of drainage basins and the contained valley networks. Mapping shows well-preserved drainage patterns with morphometry and hypsometry that support a prolonged history of erosion and development into mature drainage networks. Modeling provides characterization of the downstream parts of drainage basins that are largely obscured. These results have climate implications, suggesting fluvial dissection resulted from widespread precipitation with possible contributions from meltwater related to periodic accumulation of ice-rich surface deposits.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003967","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xu Chen, Shengjun Zhang, Ole Baltazar Andersen, Yongjun Jia
{"title":"Along-Track Marine Geoid Resolution Enhancement With SWOT","authors":"Xu Chen, Shengjun Zhang, Ole Baltazar Andersen, Yongjun Jia","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003893","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Satellite altimetry has been the major data source for marine geoid determination·and gravity recovery in recent decades. In general, altimetry-derived geoid and gravity anomaly models are typically released with a 1' × 1' gridding interval. However, their actual spatial resolution is far lower than the nominal ∼2 km level. Therefore, analyzing the marine geoid resolution capability from satellite altimetry observations is crucial for marine gravity recovery studies. The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission is a newly launched satellite using advanced radar technology to make headway in observing the·variability of water surface elevations, providing new information through along-track and across-track two-dimensional swath observations. Here, we present the analysis results of marine geoid resolution capability for both typical conventional nadir altimeters and the SWOT Ka-band radar interferometer (KaRIn) in 2° × 2° bins worldwide between 60°N and 60°S. We demonstrate the potential of SWOT KaRIn to capture along-track short-wavelength signals below 10 km and analyze the bin-based statistics of key marine geophysical factors correlated with this marine geoid resolution capability. Generally, SWOT KaRIn exhibits better marine geoid resolution capability over bins with large-scale seamounts or trenches.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003893","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}