International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife最新文献

{"title":"Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada","authors":"Molly F. Tilley ,&nbsp;Danielle Barry ,&nbsp;Patrick C. Hanington ,&nbsp;Cameron P. Goater","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Morphological, gene sequence, host tissue tropism, and life cycle characteristics were utilized to describe the myxozoan, <em>Myxobolus rasmusseni</em> n. sp. from fathead minnow, <em>Pimephales promelas,</em> collected from reservoirs in southern Alberta. Results from serial histological sections of whole heads showed that myxospores were contained within irregular-shaped and sized coelozoic capsules (=plasmodia). Clusters of membrane-bound, myxospore-filled plasmodia filled the head cavities of juvenile fathead minnows, leading to the development of large, white, disfiguring lesions in mid to late summer. Bilateral exopthalmia (pop-eye disease) was a common outcome of <em>M. rasmusseni</em> n. sp. development. BLASTn search of a 1974 bp sequence of the 18S rDNA gene isolated from myxospores indicated that <em>M</em>. <em>rasmusseni</em> n. sp. was distinct from other coelozoic and histozoic <em>Myxobolus</em> spp. cataloged in GenBank. 18S rDNA gene sequences from triactinomyxon spores released from the oligochaete <em>Tubifex</em> were 100% identical to sequences from myxospores collected from syntopic fathead minnows. Results from a longitudinal survey of the 2020 cohort of fathead minnows showed that young-of-the-year are exposed at 1–5 mo and that 60–90% of these had developed myxospore-filled lesions approximately one year later. Data regarding potential sources and timing of <em>M. rasmusseni</em> n. sp. emergence in fathead minnow populations are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100944"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424000403/pdfft?md5=3c8c9b356215f0889f82f4c056b316b9&pid=1-s2.0-S2213224424000403-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141325218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 (Monogenoidea Gyrodactylidae) isolated from Diptychus maculatus in Yarkand River, Xinjiang, China","authors":"Cui-lan Hao ,&nbsp;Wen-run Zhang ,&nbsp;Kadirden Arken ,&nbsp;Jin-pu Wang ,&nbsp;Cai-xia Shi ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Cheng Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate <em>Gyrodactylus</em> infection of fish in the river system of Xinjiang (China), <em>Gyrodactylus</em> individuals were isolated from specimens of <em>Diptychus maculatus</em>. Morphological characterization and phylogenetic analysis based on <em>ITS1-5.8S-ITS2</em> rDNA locus revealed that the gyrodactylids belong to new species. <em>Gyrodactylus diptychi</em> n. sp. differs significantly in the morphology of the haptoral structures from 12 known species of <em>Gyrodactylus</em> found in fishes of the subfamily Schizothoracinae. In particular, <em>G. diptychi</em> n. sp. has a relatively short dorsal bar with thick and large ends, flat and straight hamuli roots, and small ventral bar processes. Furthermore, <em>G</em>. <em>diptychi</em> n. sp. is the only representative of <em>Gyrodactylus</em> found on <em>D. maculatus.</em> Using the BLASTn search of <em>ITS1-5.8S-ITS2</em> rDNA sequences in GenBank and the Bayesian Information and Maximum Likelihood methods, we constructed phylogenetic trees for <em>G. diptychi</em> n. sp. As a result, our studies clearly identified that <em>G. diptychi</em> n. sp. was the first <em>Gyrodactylus</em> monogenean isolated from <em>D</em>. <em>maculatus</em> and a new species belonged to the subgenus <em>Limnonephrotus</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100949"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424000452/pdfft?md5=1128a26e80d78fa2f4c66227aa664456&pid=1-s2.0-S2213224424000452-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying a modified streamlined disease risk analysis framework to a platypus conservation translocation, with special consideration for the conservation of ecto- and endoparasites","authors":"Jessica Whinfield ,&nbsp;Kristin Warren ,&nbsp;Larry Vogelnest ,&nbsp;Rebecca Vaughan-Higgins","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Platypuses are the world's most evolutionarily distinct mammal and have several host-specific ecto- and endoparasites. With platypus populations declining, consideration should also be given to preserving these high conservation priority parasites alongside their charismatic host. A disease risk analysis (DRA) was performed for a platypus conservation translocation, using a modified streamlined methodology that incorporated a parasite conservation framework. DRA frameworks rarely consider parasite conservation. Rather, parasites are typically considered myopically in terms of the potential harm they may cause their host. To address this, a previously proposed parasite conservation framework was incorporated into an existing streamlined DRA methodology. Incorporation of the two frameworks was achieved readily, although there is opportunity for further refinement of this process. This DRA is significant as it is the first performed for any monotreme species, and implements the emerging approach of balancing the health and disease risk of the host with parasite conservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100948"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424000440/pdfft?md5=6bdeff36982861d6659ab325b637301c&pid=1-s2.0-S2213224424000440-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141131286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and biology of Spirometra tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea), zoonotic parasites of wildlife: A review","authors":"Roman Kuchta ,&nbsp;Anna J. Phillips ,&nbsp;Tomáš Scholz","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tapeworms of the genus <em>Spirometra</em> Faust, Campbell et Kellogg, 1929 have long been known as intestinal parasites of carnivores and their larvae (spargana) have been found in various vertebrates. Nevertheless, their species diversity, host associations and geographical distribution remain poorly understood. Molecular data clearly confirm the validity of the genus, which has been synonymised by several authors with <em>Diphyllobothrium</em> Cobbold, 1858. Despite morphological similarities between the species of the two genera, they are not closely related and also differ in their life cycle. The present review provides a list of the species recognised as valid and additional genotypes that may represent other species, with a basic characterisation of each taxon and comments on their validity, the probable range of definitive and intermediate hosts, and their distribution. The existing taxonomic problems and the insufficient knowledge of the host specificity and distribution of <em>Spirometra</em> tapeworms can only be solved by combining molecular and morphological data, i.e. by comparing genetically characterised specimens with corresponding morphological vouchers (hologenophores). Further targeted sampling and surveys are required to clarify the distribution and host associations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424000439/pdfft?md5=594058ba592c9dea2a242995f61143dc&pid=1-s2.0-S2213224424000439-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141137580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and molecular characterization of parabasilids isolated from ex situ nonhuman primates and their keepers at different institutions in Brazil","authors":"Lais Verdan Dib ,&nbsp;Alynne da Silva Barbosa ,&nbsp;Lais Lisboa Correa ,&nbsp;Breno da Silva Torres ,&nbsp;Alcides Pissinatti ,&nbsp;Silvia Bahadian Moreira ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Hidalgo Friciello Teixeira ,&nbsp;André Luíz Mota da Costa ,&nbsp;José Augusto Pereira Carneiro Muniz ,&nbsp;Amauri Michel Junglos ,&nbsp;Zelinda Maria Braga Hirano ,&nbsp;Maria Regina Reis Amendoeira","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intestinal protozoa, which can be asymptomatic or cause diarrhea, dysentery and even death, are among the main agents that affect nonhuman primates (NHPs) kept under human care. Nevertheless, information on the molecular and morphometric profiles of parabasilids in the Neotropics is still scarce. In this context, the objective of this study was to isolate the Parabasalia protozoa detected in the feces of NHPs and their keepers in Pavlova and TYSGM9 media and to characterize the isolates by molecular biology and morphometry. Fecal samples from NHPs from five Brazilian institutions were analyzed. Direct examination was performed immediately after obtaining the samples. A total of 511 fecal samples from NHPs were collected, and 10.6% contained parabasilids. Regarding the handlers, of the 74 samples analyzed, three were positive. In vitro-generated parabasilid isolates were successfully obtained from all positive samples, as identified via microscopy. Isolates of the parasite were obtained both from New World NHPs, including the genera <em>Leontopithecus</em>, <em>Saguinus</em>, <em>Leontocebus</em>, <em>Aotus</em>, <em>Saimiri</em>, <em>Sapajus</em>, and <em>Alouatta,</em> and from the Old World primate <em>Pan troglodytes</em>. Forty-nine NHP isolates were molecularly identified: <em>Pentatrichomonas hominis</em> (16), <em>Trichomitus batrachorum</em> (14), <em>Tetratrichomonas brumpti</em> (13) and <em>Hypotrichomonas hampli</em> (6). The human isolates were identified as <em>Tetratrichomonas</em> sp. (2) and <em>T. batrachorum</em> (1). Visualization and morphometric analysis revealed trophozoites with piriform or rounded shapes that presented variable measurements. The isolates previously characterized as <em>P. hominis</em> had up to five free flagella, while <em>T. batrachorum</em> and <em>Tetratrichomonas</em> sp. had up to four free flagella, and <em>H. hampli</em> had a maximum of three free flagella. These morphometric characteristics corroborated the molecular identification. In general, a variety of parabasilids were observed to infect NHPs, and <em>T. batrachorum</em> was isolated from biological samples from both NHPs and their keepers, a finding that reinforces the susceptibility of these hosts to infections by parabasilids in Brazil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100946"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424000427/pdfft?md5=9f24d5cb8b2e34c87b7eff27f1ecab6c&pid=1-s2.0-S2213224424000427-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141078607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial community of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and mammals from Arauca, Colombian Orinoquia","authors":"Paula A. Ossa-López ,&nbsp;Héctor E. Ramírez-Chaves ,&nbsp;María Elena Álvarez López ,&nbsp;Gabriel Jaime Castaño Villa ,&nbsp;Fredy A. Rivera-Páez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites of vertebrates and are relevant worldwide due to the number of bacterial and other pathogens they can transmit. To date, the knowledge about the microorganisms that ticks harbor and transmit to their hosts is incipient. In this study, 24 samples of mammals belonging to four taxonomic orders and ticks of the genera <em>Amblyomma</em> and <em>Rhipicephalus</em> from the Orinoco region of Colombia were analyzed to described and compare the bacterial microbiome. Genetic extraction was performed, and the V3–V4 region of the <em>16S</em> rRNA gene was amplified by PCR. Libraries were created, and those samples with adequate quality indices were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology. Bacterial taxonomic assignment analyses were conducted through Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) and Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). The results correspond to 16 samples that passed the quality filters, with 3218 OTUs (415 families). Although a considerable number of unknown bacteria was found, Enterobacteriaceae, Beijerinckiaceae, Moraxellaceae, and Burkholderiaceae are the most prevalent families, and the presence of the genera <em>Coxiella</em>, <em>Escherichia-Shigella</em>, <em>Enterobacter</em>, which can harbor pathogenic species was confirmed. In individuals of <em>Amblyomma mixtum</em> found actively feeding on <em>Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris</em>, bacteria of the genera <em>Escherichia-Shigella</em> and <em>Enterobacter</em> were documented. Similarly, <em>Rhipicephalus microplus</em> found actively feeding on <em>Odocoileus virginianus cariacou</em> shared <em>Escherichia-Shigella</em>. <em>Ralstonia</em> was shared among the blood samples of <em>H. hydrochaeris</em>, while <em>Anaplasma</em> and <em>Eubacterium</em> were shared in blood and liver samples of <em>O. v. cariacou</em>. Shared bacteria between <em>A. mixtum</em> and <em>R. microplus</em> included <em>Bacillus</em>, <em>Coxiella</em>, and <em>Escherichia-Shigella</em>. The results highlight the need of additional studies in other natural regions of Colombia and other American countries where tick-borne diseases have been detected. Likewise, the recorded data are the first at the level of bacterial communities in ticks of the family Ixodidae and provide valuable knowledge for the understanding host-tick and pathogen interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424000397/pdfft?md5=62c636dff4aa6e4a21cd5ad3dbd1bc47&pid=1-s2.0-S2213224424000397-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140917890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasitological examination results of zoo animals in Germany between 2012 and 2022","authors":"Lea-Christina Murnik ,&nbsp;Ronald Schmäschke ,&nbsp;Andreas Bernhard ,&nbsp;Jens Thielebein ,&nbsp;Klaus Eulenberger ,&nbsp;Nadine Barownick ,&nbsp;Sandra Gawlowska ,&nbsp;Cora Delling","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parasitic infections in zoo animals are a critical concern for both animal health and management. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of endo- and ectoparasites among zoo animals in Germany. A retrospective analysis of the submitted samples of a diverse range of zoo animals (5768) from a ten-year period (2012–2022) was conducted. Overall, 31.1% of those samples tested positive for at least one parasite. In the examined samples, helminths (28.4%) were found more often than protozoans (10.3%) or ectoparasites (0.8%). Among the various animal groups the following parasites were found most commonly: Artiodactyla: Coccidia (34.6%), Strongylida (23.4%); Perissodactyla: Strongylida (19.3%), Ascaridida (12.0%); Carnivora: Ascaridida (16.6%), Coccidia (8.1%); Rodentia: Oxyurida (18.2%), Coccidia (10.5%); Marsupialia: Coccidia (9.4%), Oxyurida (5.9%); Primates: <em>Trichuris</em> spp. (9.7%), Oxyurida (2.2%); Aves: <em>Capillaria</em> (7.8%), Ascaridida (7.6%); Reptilia, Amphibia, Insecta: Oxyurida (18.7%); Pisces: Ciliates (6.2%). Furthermore, potentially zoonotic parasites were identified, including <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> (0.1%), <em>Cryptosporidium</em> sp. (0.1%). By examining the occurrence of specific parasites, these findings demonstrate the importance of parasites in the context of zoo animal health. They also highlight the need for effective strategies to control parasite burden to improve the overall welfare of zoo animals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424000385/pdfft?md5=05e5ea431925ac5ca67828b21a69ebba&pid=1-s2.0-S2213224424000385-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140917889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helminth community of Nectomys squamipes naturally infected by Schistosoma mansoni in an endemic area in Brazil: A comparison of 22 years apart","authors":"Karina Varella ,&nbsp;Beatriz Elise de Andrade-Silva ,&nbsp;Sócrates Fraga da Costa-Neto ,&nbsp;Brena Aparecida de Oliveira Cruz ,&nbsp;Arnaldo Maldonado Junior ,&nbsp;Rosana Gentile","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The municipality of Sumidouro in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, is considered an area with low endemicity of <em>Schistosoma mansoni</em>. In this municipality, the wild water rat <em>Nectomys squamipes</em> is a wild reservoir of <em>S. mansoni</em>. A helminth community survey was carried out on <em>N. squamipes</em> populations in Sumidouro from 1997 to 1999. In the present study, we compared the helminth fauna and the helminth community structure of <em>N. squamipes</em> with a recent survey after a 22-year time interval, considering that the prevalence of <em>S. mansoni</em> infection in humans remained stable and that the area showed the same environmental characteristics. Seventy-three host specimens of <em>N. squamipes</em> collected between 1997 and 1999 and 21 specimens collected in 2021 were analyzed in this study. Seven helminth species were found in each collection period. The nematode <em>Syphacia evaginata</em> was recorded for the first time in <em>N. squamipes</em> in 2021. <em>Syphacia venteli</em> was the most abundant species in both periods and the most prevalent in 2021. During the period from 1997 to 1999, the most prevalent species was <em>Hassalstrongylus epsilon</em>. Significant differences in prevalence and abundance in relation to host sex were observed only for <em>S. mansoni</em> in 1997–1999. Significant differences in the abundance of the helminth species over time were observed only in <em>Physaloptera bispiculata. Hassalstrongylus epsilon</em>, <em>S. venteli</em> and <em>S. mansoni</em> were the dominant species in both periods. <em>Litomosoides chagasfilhoi, Echinostoma paraensei paraensei</em> and <em>P. bispiculata</em> became dominant, codominant and subordinate, respectively, over time. In conclusion, the helminth community of <em>N. squamipes</em> remained stable, with similar species richness, prevalence and abundance values and low beta-diversity over time. The occurrence of <em>S. mansoni</em> in the water rat has remained stable for decades, highlighting its importance for schistosomiasis control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100941"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424000373/pdfft?md5=51cc0bb80365151f1c24e25511302776&pid=1-s2.0-S2213224424000373-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141023892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trypanosoma cruzi in domestic and wild mammals in the northeast region of Colombia","authors":"Dina Ricardo-Caldera ,&nbsp;Lyda Espitia-Pérez ,&nbsp;Paula A. Avilés-Vergara ,&nbsp;Álvaro J. Benítez ,&nbsp;Julio Chacón-Pacheco ,&nbsp;Jesús Ballesteros-Correa ,&nbsp;Ana Negrette-Oquendo ,&nbsp;Sara Soto-De León ,&nbsp;Catalina Tovar-Acero","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trypanosoma cruzi hosts can serve as a source of infection for animals, vectors, and humans, contributing to the establishment of Chagas disease (CD) in a given area. Traditionally, the Department of Córdoba has not been considered a transmission area for CD; however, the report of several acute cases of Chagas disease highlights the importance of studying the dynamics of disease transmission in this region. This study aimed to detect T. cruzi in domestic and wild mammals in the department of Córdoba. In 2017, a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in six villages in two municipalities in the department of Córdoba. Blood samples from dogs living in the zones were collected in EDTA vacutainer tubes for domestic mammals. Wild mammals were collected using Sherman and Tomahawk traps and mist nets in crops and peridomiciles. T. cruzi DNA was detected using the kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) variable region and the tandem repeat satellite region of T. cruzi as molecular targets. We sampled 168 dogs and 146 wild mammals. The detected prevalence of T. cruzi was 6.37%; the TcI lineage was found in <em>D. marsupialis</em>, <em>H. anomalus</em>, and one canine. A specimen of <em>D. marsupialis</em> with TcI and TcII lineages was also identified. T. cruzi DNA was detected in domestic and wild animals in the study area, indicating the circulation of the parasite in peridomestic environments. <em>D. marsupialis</em> may represent an important host in maintaining this region's wild and domestic cycle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100940"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424000361/pdfft?md5=61a9db3e9efd95774bf4b19cbcaa0338&pid=1-s2.0-S2213224424000361-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140786837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Location and elimination of Anisakis simplex third stage larvae in Atlantic herring Clupea harengus L","authors":"Kaan Kumas,&nbsp;Azmi Al-Jubury,&nbsp;Per W. Kania,&nbsp;Taghrid Abusharkh,&nbsp;Kurt Buchmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We here describe the location of anisakid third stage larvae in Atlantic herring <em>Clupea harengus</em> L. caught in the North Sea in August 2023. We further demonstrate how industrial processing (mechanical gutting, removal of entrails, head, tail, hypaxial anterior musculature and vertebral column) reduces the overall infection and worm load in the musculature. The isolated anisakid larvae were identified as <em>Anisakis simplex</em> sensu stricto by a combination of morphometrics and molecular methods (PCR of rDNA and mtDNA, sequencing, BLAST analysis). As a baseline we examined a total of 75 specimens of freshly caught and ungutted herring and showed a positive correlation between host size (fish length and weight) and infection level. The overall prevalence of infection was 84 %, the mean intensity 11.3 (range 1–38 parasites per fish) and the abundance 9.52. The main part of the overall worm population was associated with stomach and pyloric caeca in the body cavity (77 %) and only 5 % was found in the musculature. Larvae occurred in the hypaxial part of the musculature (21), the epaxial part (7 worms) and the caudal part (5 worms). The prevalence of muscle infection was 28 % and the mean intensity 1.6 (range 1–5) parasites per fish and abundance 0.44 parasites per fish. In order to assess the effect of industrial processing on worm occurrence in the fish we examined a total of 67 specimens of herring, from exactly the same batch, but following processing. This included removal of organs in the body cavity, cutting the lower part of the hypaxial segment but leaving the right and left musculature connected by dorsal connective tissue. Five out of these fish carried one larva (prevalence 7.5%, mean intensity 1, abundance 0.07 larvae per fish), and these worms were located in the ventral part of the anterior musculature (2), in the central part of the anterior musculature (2) and one larva in the central part of the caudal musculature. The industrial processing reduced the overall occurrence (abundance) of worms in the fish from 9.52 to 0.07 (136 times reduction) and the occurrence in the musculature from 0.44 to 0.07 (6.28 times reduction). The overall prevalence was reduced from 84 % to 7.5 % (11.2 times reduction). Muscle infection prevalence fell from 28 % to 7.5 % (3.7 times reduction). We then followed another batch of herring following a marinating process (11% NaCl for 24 h and subsequent incubation in acetic acid and vinegar) by artificially digesting the flaps during week 1–8. Although a total of 31 larvae were recovered from 144 fish examined no live nematode larvae were isolated. The importance of fish handling, processing and marination for consumer safety is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100937"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424000336/pdfft?md5=26fcb463f44fa8886a158b8169ad386e&pid=1-s2.0-S2213224424000336-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140619018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}