International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife最新文献

{"title":"Breaking host barriers: detection of Cytauxzoon banethi in a non-felid feliform, the striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena)","authors":"Alireza Sazmand,&nbsp;Angela Monica Ionică,&nbsp;Leili Moradi,&nbsp;Mohammad Babaei,&nbsp;Georgiana Deak,&nbsp;Domenico Otranto,&nbsp;Andrei Daniel Mihalca","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cytauxzoon banethi</em> is one of the least characterized members of the genus <em>Cytauxzoon</em> and has so far been reported only from two European wildcats (<em>Felis silvestris</em>) in Romania. Consequently, its host range and geographic distribution remain poorly understood. In the present study, we molecularly characterized a <em>Cytauxzoon</em> isolate detected in a free-ranging striped hyena (<em>Hyaena hyaena</em>) from western Iran. Genomic DNA extracted from blood was analyzed by PCR amplification and sequencing of partial 18S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome b (<em>cytb</em>) genes. The 18S rRNA sequence was identical to published <em>C. manul</em> sequences and highly similar to several other <em>Cytauxzoon</em> species, confirming the limited species-level resolution of this conserved marker. In contrast, direct comparison of the <em>cytb</em> sequence with the available <em>C. banethi</em> reference sequence revealed only five synonymous nucleotide substitutions across 1,089 aligned positions (99.5% identity). Phylogenetic analysis of the <em>cytb</em> dataset placed the obtained isolate within the <em>C. banethi</em> lineage as the sister taxon to <em>C. manul</em>, supporting its identification as <em>C. banethi</em>. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first molecular detection of <em>C. banethi</em> in a member of the family Hyaenidae, the first record in a non-felid feliform host, the first report from Iran and Asia, and the first detection of this species outside Europe. These findings expand the currently recognized host range and geographic distribution of <em>C. banethi</em> and emphasize the importance of multilocus molecular approaches and broader wildlife surveillance for improving our understanding of the diversity and evolution of <em>Cytauxzoon</em> species in general, and for better assessing the genetic diversity and taxonomic boundaries of <em>C. banethi</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148625249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First record of Ibidoecus plataleae (Denny, 1842) (Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from the Black-faced Spoonbill, Platalea minor Temminck and Schlegel, 1849 (Pelecaniformes: Threskiornithidae) in the Republic of Korea","authors":"Jeong Hun Shim,&nbsp;Heon Woo Lee,&nbsp;Min-Seung Yang,&nbsp;In-Ki Kwon,&nbsp;Yeong-Deok Han,&nbsp;Seongjun Choe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chewing lice are highly host-specific, permanent ectoparasites of birds. This feature potentially places lice infesting endangered hosts at an even greater risk of extinction than the hosts themselves. Despite this ecological significance, research on chewing lice parasitizing endangered birds in the Republic of Korea remains limited. This study aims to document and provide taxonomic information on the chewing lice species infesting the wild population of the endangered Black-faced Spoonbill (<em>Platalea minor</em>) in Korea. In July 2025, five spoonbills were examined for ectoparasites. Collected specimens were morphologically identified using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), focusing on key diagnostic characters. Additionally, we performed a phylogenetic analysis and compared genetic distances. Based on the morphological and molecular analyses, our specimens were identified as <em>Ibidoecus plataleae</em> (Denny, 1842). This study represents the first report of <em>I</em>. <em>plataleae</em> from the Black-faced Spoonbill in Korea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13452958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microorganisms in Ixodes ricinus ticks in southern and southwestern Norway","authors":"Arnulf Soleng,&nbsp;Deepa Gurung,&nbsp;Vivian Kjelland,&nbsp;Katrine M. Paulsen,&nbsp;Benedikte N. Pedersen,&nbsp;Erik G. Granquist,&nbsp;John H.-O. Pettersson,&nbsp;Rose Vikse,&nbsp;Snorre Stuen,&nbsp;Åshild K. Andreassen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tick-borne diseases constitute a major group of emerging vector-borne infections and represent a growing public health concern in many European countries. In Europe, the most clinically significant agents transmitted by <em>Ixodes ricinus</em> are tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em> sensu lato, the causative agents of tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme borreliosis, respectively. <em>Ixodes ricinus</em> also serves as a vector for other pathogenic microorganisms, including louping-ill virus (LIV) and <em>Anaplasma phagocytophilum.</em> Various endosymbionts, such as <em>Wolbachia pipientis</em> and <em>Midichloria mitochondrii</em>, are also found in ticks. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of TBEV, LIV, <em>B. burgdorferi</em> s. l., <em>A. phagocytophilum</em>, <em>W. pipientis</em>, and <em>M. mitochondrii</em> in 3437 <em>I. ricinus</em> ticks collected from five locations in Norway. The estimated pool prevalence of TBEV ranged from 0 to 0.4% in nymphs, while the prevalence in adults ranged from 0 to 7.1%. In contrast, no LIV was detected. <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em> s. l. was detected at all sites, with prevalences ranging from 3.4% to 14.3% (overall prevalence of 5.7%), representing four genotypes (<em>B. afzelii</em>, <em>B. garinii</em>, <em>B. valaisiana</em> and <em>B. burgdorferi</em> sensu stricto). Estimated pooled prevalence of <em>A. phagocytophilum</em> was 5.1% in nymphs, while the overall prevalence in adults was 19.8%. In adult ticks, <em>W. pipientis</em> and <em>M. mitochondrii</em> occurred at overall prevalences of 11.0% and 84.1%, respectively. In only 12.3% of ticks, none of the agents investigated were detected. However, 32.6% of the ticks showed co-occurrence of infectious agents and/or the endosymbionts. Thus, this underscores the need for improved understanding of microbial interactions influencing tick-borne disease outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148585854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban prevalence and molecular confirmation of Trypanosoma lewisi in wild rats from Surabaya, Indonesia","authors":"Ryanka Edila,&nbsp;Frenky Laksana Putra,&nbsp;April Hari Wardhana,&nbsp;Ainaya Luthfi Anindya,&nbsp;Seli Nurmayani,&nbsp;Muchammad Yunus,&nbsp;Seongjun Choe,&nbsp;Makoto Matsubayashi,&nbsp;Lucia Tri Suwanti","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Trypanosoma lewisi</em> is a blood parasite of wild rodents increasingly recognised as an emerging zoonotic pathogen associated with atypical human trypanosomiasis. However, epidemiological and molecular data from major Indonesian metropolitan areas remain limited. This study investigated the prevalence and molecular identity of <em>T. lewisi</em> in urban wild rats from Surabaya, Indonesia's second-largest city. A total of 100 wild rats, comprising <em>Rattus norvegicus</em> (n = 54) and <em>Rattus tanezumi</em> (n = 46), were captured across five geographic zones between February and August 2025. Infection was assessed by wet-mount examination and Dip Quick-stained blood smears, followed by PCR amplification of the ITS1 region of ribosomal DNA, Sanger sequencing, and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Overall microscopy-detectable <em>T. lewisi</em> clade prevalence was 13.0% (13/100; 95% CI: 7.1–21.2%), with infected rats detected in four of five sampling zones. All successfully sequenced samples were placed within the well-supported <em>T. lewisi</em> clade (PP = 1.0) in Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. These findings provide the first molecular evidence of <em>T. lewisi</em> circulating in urban wild rats in Surabaya and demonstrate that synanthropic rodents may serve as important reservoirs of this zoonotic parasite in densely populated Indonesian cities. The study highlights the need to incorporate rodent-borne trypanosomes into One Health surveillance frameworks in urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13416456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and molecular characterisation of Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. at the wildlife-livestock interface in Laikipia, Kenya","authors":"Andrew M. Halls,&nbsp;Alice M. Burton,&nbsp;Olatunji Johnson,&nbsp;Catherine Walton,&nbsp;Charis Enns,&nbsp;Kathryn J. Else,&nbsp;Ian Hall,&nbsp;Melanie Wangui,&nbsp;Cianjoka Gichuyia,&nbsp;Eric M. Fèvre,&nbsp;Susanne Shultz","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Giardia and Cryptosporidium are important causes of diarrhoeal disease in humans, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, with several species and genotypes capable of zoonotic transmission. Central Laikipia, Kenya, represents a shared landscape characterised by close human-livestock-wildlife interactions. Traditional pastoral systems and commercial ranching coexist alongside high wildlife diversity offering high potential for interspecies disease transmission. Despite this, molecular data on protozoan parasites in animal hosts remains limited across the region. We collected faecal samples opportunistically from six wildlife and four livestock species over three years in Laikipia and screened them using molecular methods to investigate the sample prevalence and genetic diversity of <em>Giardia</em> and <em>Cryptosporidium</em>. <em>Giardia</em> occurrence was consistently high, ranging from 21% in in samples from 2022 to 27% in samples from 2025, whereas <em>Cryptosporidium</em> occurrence remained low (0–5%) over the same period. Multilocus sequencing was partially successful for a subset of samples at the <em>beta-giardin</em>, <em>triosephosphate isomerase</em>, and <em>glutamate dehydrogenase</em> genes. This identified predominantly livestock-adapted <em>Giardia duodenalis</em> assemblage E, with much lower occurrence of potentially zoonotic assemblages AI and AII in livestock. Sequencing of the <em>18S SSU</em> gene identified multiple <em>Cryptosporidium</em> species These were mostly ungulate specific species but did include the potentially zoonotic <em>C. ubiquitum</em>. The detection of both ungulate-specific and possibly zoonotic genotypes highlights possible One Health implications within this shared landscape. While potentially zoonotic genotypes indicate there may be public health risk through animal-to-human transmission, the predominance of ungulate-specific genotypes suggests higher potential for animal-to-animal transmission cycles, with potential indirect effects on human health through impacts on livestock productivity and growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13416461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sharing more than just the pastures? Parasitological monitoring of translocated European bison (Bison bonasus) and co-grazing cattle in Switzerland","authors":"Tobias Heiri,&nbsp;Caroline F. Frey","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numbers of European bison (<em>Bison bonasus</em>) reintroduction programmes are increasing across Europe. Investigating potential health risks related to translocations is crucial for the long-term success of such programmes. Parasitological analyses play a central role in monitoring the health status and assessing disease transmission risks during the translocation of European bison herds. This study monitored the endoparasite fauna of both a newly relocated European bison herd (n = 7 animals), and of the neighbouring suckler cow herd (n = 25 animals), over the course of one year. The aim of the study was to compare the parasite populations of these two closely related ruminant species kept under similar management conditions, and to assess the risk of parasite transmission by shared grazing areas. From April 2023 to March 2024, faecal samples from both herds were analysed monthly, using direct detection methods such as sedimentation, combined sedimentation-flotation, Baermann funnel, McMaster, and copro-antigen tests (total n = 72 samples). A total of seven helminth groups and four protozoan genera were thereby identified, with a richer parasite diversity in the bison samples. Eggs of <em>Trichuris</em> spp., <em>Nematodirus</em> spp., <em>Moniezia</em> spp., and cysts of <em>Giardia</em> sp. were exclusively shed by the European bison. On the other hand, cysts of <em>Buxtonella</em> sp. were only found in cattle samples. Paramphistomidae eggs and <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. were significantly more frequently detected in cattle samples. Both, the suckler cow and the European bison herd, showed constant infection with gastrointestinal strongylids, but the faecal egg counts were tenfold higher in the bison. Infections with <em>Eimeria</em> spp., <em>Strongyloides</em> spp., and <em>Dicrocoelium dendriticum</em> were detected in both species, and no lungworm larvae were detected in either species. Further investigations should include identification of the parasites to species level, and the parasitological monitoring in the two herds should be continued to assess if the observed differences persist or disappear over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148625250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic isosporosis (atoxoplasmosis) in American robins (Turdus migratorius) in the southeastern United States","authors":"C. Robert Stilz ,&nbsp;Michael J. Yabsley ,&nbsp;Maya S. Schlesinger ,&nbsp;Kayla B. Garrett ,&nbsp;Melanie R. Kunkel ,&nbsp;Alisia A.W. Weyna ,&nbsp;Kate Slankard ,&nbsp;Christine Casey ,&nbsp;David Hanni ,&nbsp;Nicole M. Nemeth","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Systemic isosporosis (atoxoplasmosis) is a common disease of passerines globally. In July 2021, two free-ranging juvenile American robins (<em>Turdus migratorius</em>) from Kentucky, USA and a third of unknown age from Tennessee, USA died and were submitted to the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study for postmortem evaluation. On histopathology, high numbers of intracellular protozoal merozoites often associated with necrosis and granulomatous inflammation were observed in the lung (n = 2), liver (n = 2), spleen (n = 2), heart (n = 1), kidney (n = 1), and brain (n = 1). <em>Isospora</em> (<em>Atoxoplasma</em>) spp. was subsequently detected in all three birds. Comorbidities included poor nutritional condition (n = 3), traumatic injury (n = 1), avian pox (n = 1), aspergillosis (n = 1), and endoparasite infection (n = 1). Disease development in young robins is likely due to a combination of factors, including incompletely developed immune systems, nutritional and/or environmental stress, coinfections, and anthropogenic influences. Continued monitoring of vector-borne and parasitic diseases in wildlife is important given rapidly changing landscapes and climatic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antigenic and genotypic relatedness of buffalo-derived Theileria parva from Zambia to cattle-derived parasites and vaccine stocks","authors":"Chimvwele Namantala Choopa ,&nbsp;Walter Muleya ,&nbsp;Lubembe Donald Mukolwe ,&nbsp;Paul Fandamu ,&nbsp;Kgomotso Penelope Sibeko-Matjila","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The African buffalo (<em>Syncerus caffer</em>) is the natural reservoir of <em>Theileria parva</em>, a tick-transmitted protozoan parasite that severely constrains cattle production across eastern, southern, and central Africa. While the antigenic and genetic diversity of cattle-derived <em>T. parva</em> (causing East Coast fever) is well characterized in Zambia, little is known about the buffalo-derived parasites. The latter cause the equally fatal Corridor disease and impact the epidemiology and control of bovine theileriosis, particularly where live vaccines are used. This study investigated antigenic and genotypic diversity of <em>T. parva</em> from three Zambian buffalo populations, in comparison with cattle-derived parasites and vaccine stocks (Katete and Chitongo). Analysis of Tp1 and Tp2 antigen genes revealed contrasting diversity. Tp1 epitopes showed limited variation, whereas Tp2 exhibited extensive polymorphism, especially among buffalo-derived sequences. None of the variations have been previously reported in Zambia, suggesting ongoing diversification. Phylogenetic analysis showed paraphyletic clustering of buffalo and cattle parasites. However, some buffalo genotypes grouped closely with vaccine strains, suggesting potential cross-protection. Only two Tp2 sequences from buffalo-derived parasites clustered with those from cattle or vaccines, highlighting a risk of vaccine break-through. Population genetic analysis using multilocus genotyping demonstrated higher allelic richness and diversity in buffalo-derived parasites compared to cattle-derived. Although buffalo parasites showed greater multiplicity of infection (MOI) and unique alleles, principal coordinate analysis revealed limited genetic sub-structuring and shared alleles across hosts. These results suggest a common ancestry and overlapping transmission cycles. The greater MOI in buffalo populations highlights higher genetic exchange and can complicate control efforts. Overall, the study demonstrates extensive antigenic and genetic diversity of buffalo-derived <em>T. parva</em> in Zambia. These findings have critical implications for current vaccine efficacy, emphasizing the need for continuous molecular surveillance, strict livestock movement control, and vaccine efficacy trials to ensure effective management of <em>T. parva</em> infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the host-parasite relationship of Polymorphidae (Acanthocephala) in Nannopterum brasilianus (Aves, Phalacrocoracidae) in the Soure Marine Extraction Reserve, Pará","authors":"Elaine Lopes de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Gerônimo da Silva Cabral ,&nbsp;Ricardo Luis Sousa Santana ,&nbsp;Tiago Paixão Mangas ,&nbsp;Elane Guerreiro Giese","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Neotropical <em>Nannopterum brasilianus</em> is a piscivorous bird feeding on aquatic organisms, can ingest various infectious forms of helminths, such as those from the phylum Acanthocephala. In their adult stage, these parasites attach to the intestinal mucosa of their definitive hosts, causing varying degrees of tissue damage. Between 2020 and 2023, 35 individuals of <em>N. brasilianus</em> were analyzed, and 20 of them (57.1%) presented acanthocephalan infection. Morphological and histopathological analyses identified the species as <em>Southwellina hispida</em>, we described the tissue alterations associated with its presence in detail. The results contribute to the taxonomic knowledge of the parasite and provide important information for diagnosing and monitoring of infections in birds housed at Wildlife Triage and Rehabilitation Centers (WTRC).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147656876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The first record of the ectoparasite fly Carnus hemapterus for the Southern Hemisphere","authors":"Paula Maiten Orozco-Valor ,&nbsp;Luciano Damián Patitucci ,&nbsp;José Hernán Sarasola","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Carnus</em> (family Carnidae, Order Diptera) comprises five species of small-bodied and blood-sucking flies that parasitize nestlings of wild bird species. Almost all species in this genus are restrictely distributed across different continents in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly <em>Carnus hemapterus</em>, which is a widespread ectoparasite of many bird species. Here, we report <em>C. hemapterus</em> parasitizing wild birds in central Argentina, resulting in the first record for the species in the entire Southern Hemisphere. Individual flies of <em>C. hemapterus</em> were found in nestlings of two bird of prey species, the American kestrel, already recorded as a host of <em>C. hemapterus</em> in North America, and the Chimango caracara, a new host species for this ectoparasite. Consistent with the species’ life cycle, flies were observed only in nestlings but not in adult individuals captured in the same breeding areas. Besides the plausible reasons that could explain this new report, it significantly updates the global distribution for this ectoparasite taxon. Therefore, this record should draw the attention to ornithologists and parasitologists from large regions of the global South, which include some of the most important avian biodiversity host-spots, to this new ectoparasite-host interaction, which may affect a significant number of bird species and warrants investigation of its physiological and ecological impacts. Furthermore, beyond its role as an avian ectoparasite, <em>C</em>. <em>hemapterus</em> is involved in complex interespecific interactions, serving as a host for parasitoids and participating in multitrophic food webs within bird nests, which clearly warrant further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}