Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach最新文献

{"title":"Fatal Exertional Heat Stroke Trends in Secondary School Sports From 1982 Through 2022.","authors":"Rebecca L Stearns, Kristen L Kucera, Yuri Hosokawa, Erica M Filep, Aleksis Grace, Randi DeLong, Robert Cantu, Douglas J Casa","doi":"10.1177/19417381241298293","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241298293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a leading cause of secondary school sport-related death; however, a longitudinal analysis on observed trends is lacking. Our purpose was to describe EHS deaths in United States secondary school athletes since the 1982/1983 academic year.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>EHS deaths will be primarily represented by football athletes and have a stable or increasing trend across a decade-by-decade analysis.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive epidemiology study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>EHS deaths in secondary school sports from July 1, 1982 through June 30, 2022 captured in the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research database were included (n = 67). Chi-square test of goodness of fit (alpha = 0.05), incidence rate ratios, and 95% CIs of differences in number of deaths between the 4 decades are reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 67 deaths, 66 (98.5%) were male. Ages ranged from 13 to 18 years. Football accounted for 63 (94%) of deaths, with basketball (n = 2), soccer (n = 1), and track and field (n = 1) accounting for the remainder. The southern region had the largest number of deaths, n = 50 (74.6%). Most deaths occurred in August (n = 38), followed by July (n = 15) and September (n = 9). Stratified into 4 separate 10-year periods, the proportion of EHS deaths differed significantly across time (<i>χ</i>²(3, n = 67) = 8.72; <i>P</i> = 0.03). The period 2002-2011 had the highest number of EHS deaths (n = 26), 1982-1991 had 9, while both 1992-2011 and 2012-2021 had 16 deaths.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The most recent decade shows a 38% reduction from the peak decade (2002-2011, n = 26), but remains similar to 1982-1991.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Continued efforts are required to prevent catastrophic sport-related death due to EHS. Secondary school EHS deaths are overwhelmingly represented by football, most commonly in August, and in the south. This emphasizes the need for secondary schools to be equipped with basic tools and policies to saves lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"951-957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitual Caffeine Consumption and Training Status Affect the Ergogenicity of Acute Caffeine Intake on Exercise Performance.","authors":"Davar Khodadadi, Farhad Azimi, Abdorreza Eghbal Moghanlou, Recep Gursoy, Abdullah Demirli, Parham Jalali, Reza Behdari, Maryam Seyedheydari","doi":"10.1177/19417381251315093","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251315093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute caffeine ingestion can improve exercise performance. Interplay between caffeine habituation and training status on the performance-enhancing effect of caffeine is unknown.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Habitual caffeine consumption and training status affect the ergogenicity of pre-exercise caffeine intake on exercise performance.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced experimental design.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty physically inactive men were randomized into 1 of 4 groups: caffeine supplementation (CAF), caffeine supplementation + exercise training (CAFEXE), placebo (PLA), and placebo + exercise training (PLAEXE); high-intensity interval training and caffeine were administered for 9 and 8 weeks, respectively. Data were collected pre-test, mid-test, post-test, and delayed post-test, each including 2 experiment sessions (3 mg/kg caffeine or placebo), with an additional experiment session post-test (6 mg/kg caffeine). In each experiment session, 45-min after consuming a placebo or caffeine, a 3-km running test and a Wingate power test were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pre-exercise ingestion of 3 mg/kg caffeine improved 3-km running time and mean power output (MPO) in all groups at all stages (<i>P</i> < 0.05); this effect was higher in trained than in untrained volunteers (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Habitual caffeine consumption reduced the ergogenic effect of caffeine in both aerobic and anaerobic trials (<i>P</i> < 0.05); 6 mg/kg caffeine enhanced this decrease only in CAFEXE (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Short-term caffeine withdrawal augmented the reduced ergogenic effect of caffeine on 3-km running performance and MPO in CAF and CAFEXE (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Habituation to caffeine and training status could partially influence the ergogenic effects of caffeine on exercise performance.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Regular caffeine consumption leads to some degree of tolerance and decreases its ergogenicity. A pre-exercise increase in caffeine dosage in trained people and short-term caffeine withdrawal in both trained and untrained people could compensate for the reduced caffeine ergogenicity in young men.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"930-941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injuries, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies in Bicycle Motocross (BMX): A Scoping Review.","authors":"Claire Rockliff, Karen Pulsifer, Srijal Gupta, Carley B Jewell, Amanda M Black","doi":"10.1177/19417381241285037","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241285037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Bicycle motocross (BMX) has become increasingly popular since its inclusion in the 2008 Olympics, but it has some of the highest injury rates (IRs) in multisport studies. To support planning for tailored primary prevention, understanding gaps in BMX injury prevention is crucial.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the evidence on injury incidence, prevalence, risk factors, prevention strategies, and prevention implementation in BMX.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus were searched systematically in June 2023.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Articles including BMX and any injury as the main topic or subtopic were searched across multiple databases.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A scoping review was designed following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>BMX injury incidences, prevalence, risk factors, prevention strategies, and prevention implementation were extracted. Two reviewers screened all studies and extracted data independently.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1856 articles screened, 37 met inclusion criteria. Most studies used injury surveillance at elite competitions or emergency departments, and common injuries were contusions, lacerations, and fractures. IRs provided were based primarily on elite competition and were heterogeneous (eg, 2016 Olympics: 37.5 per 100 athletes; 2007 BMX World Championship: 11.7 per 100 athletes; 1989 BMX Euro Championship: 6.6 per 100 athletes). Only 1 study stratified IRs by BMX discipline (BMX freestyle: IR, 22.2 injuries per 100 athletes; BMX racing: IR, 27.1 per 100 athletes). Few prevention strategies have been evaluated, but reducing the number of riders per race could be helpful.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most BMX studies do not use recommended injury surveillance methodology. Studies based on emergency department data may underestimate minor injuries and do not adequately measure BMX exposures. Rigorous community-based prospective studies examining IRs for both BMX racing and freestyle, risk factors, and prevention strategies are needed to inform widespread evidence-based prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"965-977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the Stretch-Shortening Cycle on the Relationship Between Maximum Number of Repetitions and Lifting Velocity During the Prone Bench Pull.","authors":"Sergio Miras-Moreno, Amador García-Ramos, Jonathon Weakley, Francisco J Rojas-Ruiz, Alejandro Pérez-Castilla","doi":"10.1177/19417381241286519","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241286519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The fastest mean (MV_fastest) and peak (PV_fastest) velocity in a set are used to predict the maximum number of repetitions (RTF), but stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) effects on these relationships are unknown.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Velocity values associated with each RTF would show higher values for eccentric-concentric and multiple-point methods compared with concentric-only and 2-point methods.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After determining the prone bench pull (PBP) 1-repetition maximum (1RM), 23 resistance-trained male participants randomly performed 2 sessions (1 for each PBP exercise), consisting of single sets of RTFs against 3 relative loads (60%-80%-70%1RM). Individualized RTF-velocity relationships were constructed using the multiple-point (60%-80%-70%1RM) and 2-point (60%-80%1RM) methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Goodness-of-fit was very high and comparable for concentric-only (RTF-MV_fastest, <i>r</i>² = 0.97; RTF-PV_fastest, <i>r</i>² = 0.98) and eccentric-concentric (RTF-MV_fastest, <i>r</i>² = 0.98; RTF-PV_fastest, <i>r</i>² = 0.99) PBP exercises. Velocity values associated with different RTFs were generally higher for eccentric-concentric compared with concentric-only PBP exercise, but these differences showed heteroscedasticity (<i>R</i>² ≥ 0.143). However, velocity values associated with different RTFs were comparable for the multiple- and 2-point methods (<i>F</i> ≤ 2.4; <i>P</i> ≥ 0.13).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that the inclusion of the SSC does not impair the goodness-of-fit of RTF-velocity relationships, but these relationships should be determined specifically for each PBP exercise (ie, concentric-only and eccentric-concentric). In addition, the 2-point method serves as a quick and less strenuous procedure to estimate RTF.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Practitioners only need to monitor the MV_fastest or PV_fastest and the RTF from 2 (2-point method) or 3 (multiple-point method) sets performed to failure to construct an RTF-velocity relationship. Once these relationships have been established, coaches need only monitor the MV_fastest or PV_fastest of the set to estimate RTF against a given absolute load.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"996-1006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Writing a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: A Step-by-Step Guide.","authors":"Danielle Dagher, Moin Khan","doi":"10.1177/19417381251364686","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251364686","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":"17 5","pages":"885-890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12402582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Repetitions in Reserve During the Bench Press Exercise: Should We Consider Sex and the Exercise Equipment?","authors":"Santiago A Ruiz-Alias, Andrés Baena-Raya, Alba Hernández-Martínez, David M Díez-Fernández, Manuel A Rodríguez-Pérez, Alejandro Pérez-Castilla","doi":"10.1177/19417381241285891","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241285891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Estimating repetitions in reserve (RIR) has been established as a valid and practical method for monitoring set configuration concerning proximity to failure in resistance training. However, factors such as sex and exercise equipment could interfere with the estimation process. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the influence of sex (female vs male) and exercise equipment (free-weight vs Smith machine) on the RIR estimation at different relative loads during the bench press exercise.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Men would be more accurate than women in the RIR estimation, and participants would better perceive their actual effort at the Smith machine compared with the free-weight bench press exercise.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Repeated measures design.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a counterbalanced order, recreationally trained participants (12 female, 14 male) performed 2 identical sessions with the free-weight bench press exercise in 1 week and 2 identical sessions with the Smith machine bench press exercise in another week (first session for familiarization and second session for validity analysis). In each session, participants performed single sets of repetitions to failure against 3 relative loads (65%, 75%, and 85% of the 1-repetition maximum [1RM]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed a significant interaction between RIR and sex at 65% 1RM (<i>P</i> < 0.01; women: -1.2 [-1.7 to -0.6] repetitions; men: -0.1 [-0.6 to 0.3] repetitions), and between RIR and exercise equipment at 65% 1RM (<i>P</i> < 0.01; free-weight: -1.1 [-1.5 to -0.6] repetitions; Smith machine: -0.2 [-0.6 to 0.2] repetitions), but not at 75% and 85% 1RM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RIR estimation is a valid method for monitoring set configuration. However, this method tends to underestimate RIR at 65%1RM with female athletes and in the free-weight exercise for both sexes.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Strength and conditioning coaches should help their athletes understand effort awareness in the aforementioned context.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"1007-1012"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Predisposing Risk Factors in Adolescent Male Water Polo Players.","authors":"Aslı Yeral, Feryal Subaşı, Ata Tekin, Elif Tuğçe Çil, Gonca Mumcu, Meral Yay, Uğur Şaylı","doi":"10.1177/19417381241286502","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241286502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Shoulder injuries are prevalent in adolescent water polo (WP) players. Study aimed to determine whether preseason shoulder characteristics (range of motion [ROM], flexibility, and strength) and core endurance can identify athletes at risk of future shoulder injuries.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Shoulder characteristics, including changes in ROM (internal rotation [IR], external rotation [ER], and total), strength (IR and ER), pectoralis minor flexibility, shoulder capsule flexibility, and core endurance, would be risk factors for shoulder reinjury in athletes with previous overuse injuries compared with noninjured athletes.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At baseline, 53 male youth WP players (mean age, 16.6 ± 3.5 years) were assigned to Group 1 (with previous shoulder injuries [G1, n = 26]) and Group 2 (without previous shoulder injuries [G2, n = 27]). ROM, flexibility, strength, and core muscle endurance were assessed preseason. After a 12-month follow-up, players were again divided into those who developed new shoulder injuries (G3, n = 27) and those who remained healthy (G4, n = 26).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total of 26 players (49%) had previous shoulder injuries at baseline. At baseline, decreased pectoralis minor flexibility, IR, total ROM, and core endurance were found in players with a previous shoulder injury compared with players without a previous shoulder injury (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At baseline, a significant difference was present in proposed risk factors (shoulder and core endurance parameters) between players with and without a previous shoulder injury. Shoulder IR ROM and years of experience were significant predictors of shoulder injury. Early detection of modifiable proposed risk factors may help prevent reinjury in young athletes.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Screening at an early age can help identify and address pre-existing injuries, support youth athletes' return to sport after a shoulder injury, prevent new injuries, and improve performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"978-989"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Effects of the Type of Physical Exercise on Blood Pressure in Independent Older Adults.","authors":"Jose M Cancela-Carral, Pedro Bezerra, Adriana Lopez-Rodriguez, Bruno Silva","doi":"10.1177/19417381241303706","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241303706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exercise and its effect on cardiovascular diseases have been extensively studied in the elderly population. The difference in blood pressure (BP) between fit and unfit subjects can be >5 mmHg. It is not well established whether the positive effects of exercising on BP are associated with exercise type, be it aerobic or anaerobic (maximal muscle strength).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Anaerobic training (maximal muscle strength) causes greater improvements than aerobic training on BP in active older adults.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Clinical trial.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This clinical trial was carried out with 202 participants (n = 116 aerobic program [ABPG], n = 86 strength program [SBPG]; 58.05% female; age 67.61 ± 5.01 years). The training program was carried out between 2018 and 2021. Periodic evaluations of BP (systolic BP [SBP] and diastolic BP [DBP]) were conducted with a frequency of twice per year. BP comparisons were made by using 2 × 2 analysis of variance with repeated measurements over the course of the 4 years of the project.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Throughout the training program, SBPG showed significant and consistent improvements in both SBP and DBP (<i>P</i> < 0.01). On the other hand, the ABPG reported a significant initial improvement (<i>P</i> < 0.01), which was not repeated in subsequent years. BP monitoring carried out over the 4 years showed a decrease in DBP and SBP, with this decrease being more pronounced in SBPG. However, the differences between the groups were not significant (2021; DBP, <i>F</i> = 1.227; <i>P</i> = 0.27; SBP, <i>F</i> = 0.826, <i>P</i> = 0.36).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among persons aged ≥65 years, muscle strength training programs appear to be more effective in inducing exercise-related positive changes in BP and cardiovascular risk factors compared with aerobic exercise programs.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Muscle strength training programs result in favorable changes in BP and cardiovascular risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"1020-1027"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medium- to Long-term Outcomes of Fasciotomy for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome: A 6-Year Mean Follow-up Study.","authors":"Michael Moore, Bradley Lezak, Emily Berzolla, Andrew Hughes, Julian Seidenberg, Daniel Kaplan, Eric Strauss, Laith Jazrawi","doi":"10.1177/19417381241288899","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241288899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Operative treatment of chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) with fasciotomy is effective for symptomatic resolution, but outcomes at medium- to long-term follow-up are unclear.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Patients will have favorable satisfaction at medium- to long-term follow-up and a high return to sport (RTS) rate after fasciotomy for treatment of CECS.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective review of patients who underwent fasciotomy for treatment of CECS from 2010 to 2021. Outcomes were assessed using Tegner Activity Scale, symptom resolution, patient satisfaction, return to activities, and EQ-5D-5L survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty patients (23 male and 27 female) were included. Mean age at time of surgery was 29.0 ± 11.6 years with mean follow-up 6.0 ± 2.3 years (range, 2.6-10.9). Tegner activity scores at final follow-up were improved compared with symptom onset (mean, 5.2 vs 3.3; <i>P</i> < 0.01). Increased preoperative symptom duration correlated with decreased RTS (β = -0.447; <i>P</i> = 0.01) and return to work (RTW) (β = -0.572; <i>P</i> = 0.01). Patients with a previous psychiatric diagnosis (n = 15) had lower rates of RTS (β = -0.358; <i>P</i> = 0.03) and RTW (β = -0.471, <i>P</i> = 0.02). Mean time to RTS was 5.5 ± 6.1 months. Mean visual analogue scale satisfaction rate was 74.4; 36 (72.0%) patients would be willing to have their fasciotomy again. Patients with fasciotomy of 1 to 2 compartments had higher Tegner score at final follow-up (<i>P</i> = 0.02) than those who had fasciotomy of >3 compartments; 19 (38.0%) patients reported experiencing paresthesia after their operation. No patients experienced major complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Medium- to long-term outcomes of patients with CECS treated with fasciotomy demonstrated high satisfaction levels and high RTS rate. However, rate of minor complications including paresthesia, swelling, and cramping was high.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"958-964"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Limb Loading and Lower Extremity Strength Recovery Across Time After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.","authors":"Amelia S Bruce Leicht, Xavier D Thompson, Robin M Queen, Jordan S Rodu, Michael J Higgins, Kevin M Cross, Brian C Werner, Jacob E Resch, Joe M Hart","doi":"10.1177/19417381241285859","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241285859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence as to how patient thigh muscle strength and limb loading (LL) during a squatting task recovers throughout rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is lacking.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Patients will improve LL and strength throughout rehabilitation. Changes in LL and strength over time will be positively correlated.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 60 participants (28 male/32 female; age, 22.5 ± 9.35 years) participated in 2 visits post-ACLR, assessing LL and strength. Using an instrumented pressure mat, patients completed 3 sets of 3 repetitions of bodyweight squats. Peak force (N), unilateral cumulative load (%), and quadriceps and hamstring isokinetic peak torque (N·m) were calculated and recorded bilaterally. LL and peak torque were compared over time and between limbs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant limb-by-time interaction was observed for LL peak force (N), where patients underloaded the ACLR limb at visit 1 compared with the contralateral limb (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Patients increased their ACLR LL across visits (<i>P</i> = 0.04). A limb-by-time interaction for quadriceps peak torque (N·m) was observed where the ACLR limb increased peak torque across visits (<i>P</i> < 0.01); however, strength deficits persisted at visit 2 (<i>P</i> < 0.01) when compared with the nonoperative limb. Weak correlations were observed between all change scores metrics (<i>r</i>, 0.20-0.25).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients recovering from ACLR exhibited more symmetric loading during a squatting task and improved their lower extremity strength over time. Changes in strength were not related to changes in LL during a squatting task over time.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Squatting tasks are safe and easily implemented throughout ACLR recovery. As changes in functional LL and strength recovery are not related, both should be considered in serial postoperative testing for more comprehensive function and strength assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"1063-1071"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}