Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach最新文献

{"title":"High-Level Competitive Athletes Who Undergo Hip Arthroscopy Demonstrate Durable 5-Year Outcomes and Lower Subjective Pain: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.","authors":"Thomas W Fenn, Nolan S Horner, H Sadiyya Ingawa, Mario Hevesi, Corey Beals, Shane J Nho","doi":"10.1177/19417381231183658","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381231183658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hip arthroscopy (HA) has been proven to be an effective treatment for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) in both competitive athletes (CA) and non-CA at short-term follow-up. However, there is a paucity of literature investigating midterm outcomes comparing athletes with Controls.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Athletes would have significant improvements at 5 years, with favorable outcomes compared with their control counterparts, and high return-to-sport (RTS) rate.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Propensity-matched retrospective comparative cohort study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CAs who underwent primary HA for FAIS from January 1, 2012 to April 30, 2017 were identified and propensity matched on a 1:4 basis to Controls by age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were collected preoperatively and at 5 years. Minimal clinically important differences (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom states (PASS) rates were calculated using previously published thresholds. Rate and duration of RTS were collected retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 57 high-level CA (33 female, 24 male; age, 21.7 ± 4.2 years; BMI, 23.1 ± 2.8 kg/m²) were propensity matched to 228 Controls (132 female, 96 male; <i>P</i> > 0.99; age, 23.3 ± 5.8 years; <i>P</i> = 0.02; BMI, 23.8 ± 4.3 kg/m², <i>P</i> = 0.24). Significant differences were observed in preoperative Hip Outcome Score Sports Specific and Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL) subscales (CA, 74.9 ± 13.7 vs Controls, 66.4 ± 18.4; <i>P</i> = 0.01) and modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) (CA, 64.7 ± 12.9 vs Controls, 59.7 ± 14.3; <i>P</i> = 0.04). Both groups demonstrated significant postoperative improvements in all outcome scores measured (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.01). At 5 years postoperatively, there were significant differences between groups in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain (CA, 17.3 ± 17.6 vs Controls, 24.7 ± 25.9; <i>P</i> = 0.02). There were no significant differences in achieving MCID or PASS. Athletes RTS at a median of 25.2 weeks (Q1 22.4-Q3 30.7) with an overall RTS rate of 90%. Similar rates of revision were seen between CA patients (n = 3; 5.3%) and Control patients (n = 9; 3.9%) (<i>P</i> = 0.66).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CAs demonstrated significant and durable improvements in PROs as well as high MCID and PASS achievement rates after primary HA, which were comparable with those of Controls. Clinicians should be aware that CA patients demonstrate higher preoperative mHHS and HOS-ADL scores than Controls and achieve lower average self-reported pain at 5 years postoperatively. In addition, CA patients demonstrate high rates of RTS at a median of 25 weeks postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study provides insight into CA versus Control PROs and rates of achieving MCID and PASS at a midterm follow-up of 5 y","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11195862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing Student Athletes' Success: The Transformative Impact of Sleep and the Urgent Call for Later School Start Times.","authors":"Joanna Fong-Isariyawongse","doi":"10.1177/19417381241257949","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241257949","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11195868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of Rating of Perceived Exertion Scales in Relation to Movement Velocity and Exercise Intensity During Resistance-Exercise: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Jorge L Petro, Guido Ferrari, Luis A Cardozo, Salvador Vargas-Molina, Leandro Carbone, Richard B Kreider, Diego A Bonilla","doi":"10.1177/19417381241260412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241260412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Movement velocity (MV) may be a valid tool to evaluate and control the load in resistance training (RT). The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) also enables practical load management. The relationship between RPE and MV may be used to monitor RT intensity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the validity and practicality of RPE scales related to MV and training intensity in resistance exercise. We hypothesize a positive correlation among RPE, MV, and load intensity in RT. Therefore, RPE may serve as a supplementary indicator in monitoring RT load.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Boolean algorithms were used to search several databases (SPORTDiscus, EBSCO, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar).</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Studies published from 2009 to 2023 included clinical trials (randomized or not) in healthy female and male subjects that analyzed the relationship between different RPE scales and MV in basic RT exercises.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Systematic review.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 18 studies were selected using different RPE scales with reported MV training loads. Participants included RT and untrained male and female subjects (15-31 years old). Two RPE scales (OMNI-RES and repetitions in reserve) were used. The selected studies showed moderate positive correlations among these RPE scales, MV, and training load (eg, percentage of 1-repetition maximum [%1-RM]). In addition, equations have been developed to estimate %1-RM and MV loss based on the OMNI-RES scale.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Studies show that RPE scales and MV constitute a valid, economic, and practical tool for assessing RT load progression and complementing other training monitoring variables. Exercise professionals should consider familiarizing participants with RPE scales and factors that might influence the perception of exertion (eg, level of training, motivation, and environmental conditions).</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Shoulder Injuries in Female Athletes Playing Overhead Sports: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Malia C Steele, Tessa R Lavorgna, Victoria K Ierulli, Mary K Mulcahey","doi":"10.1177/19417381241259987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241259987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Sports involving overhead motions put substantial biomechanical demands on the shoulder and may result in injuries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine risk factors (RFs) for shoulder injuries in female athletes who play overhead sports and evaluate strategies to reduce shoulder injuries in these athletes.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A systematic electronic search was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases included were PubMed, Tulane Matas Library Search Engine, and Google Scholar, with search terms: \"Overhead injuries/Shoulder AND female athletes AND Risk Factors.\"</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Of the initial 1574 studies identified, 314 were evaluated for eligibility by full-text review and 291 studies were excluded. Overall, 23 studies were included in this study. Studies were published from 2000 to 2021, subject age range was 15 to 35 years, with documented prevalence of shoulder injuries in female athletes playing overhead sports.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Systematic review.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Two independent researchers completed abstract and full-text review. Data extraction used the Covidence and Cochrane Consumer guide template.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Volleyball was the most common sport with shoulder injuries (6/23; 26%) followed by softball 5/23 (22%), swimming 5/23 (22%), gymnastics 4/23 (17%), tennis 3/23 (13%), water polo 2/23 (8%), and basketball 1/23 (4%). Six RFs (dominant shoulder, volume/overuse, time in sport, older age at time of injury, past injury, and multidirectional instability) were described. Of the 23 studies, 9 (39%) identified the dominant shoulder as a RF for sustaining injury (mean risk ratio [RR], 2.04), while 6 (26%) cited volume of repetition and overuse as a prominent RF (RR, 1.45).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review demonstrates important RFs for shoulder injuries in female athletes associated with playing overhead sports. Multiple prevention strategies are described. Prevention programs are helpful in reducing the risk of reinjury.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Locomotor and Physiological Demands of Small-Sided Soccer Games in Wildcard and Regular Players: Effects of Goalkeepers and Type of Wildcard.","authors":"Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández, Filipe M Clemente, Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo, Javier Sánchez-Sánchez","doi":"10.1177/19417381241257175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241257175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Small-sided games (SSGs) are frequent training drills in soccer. This study investigated whether type of game (ie, with/without goalkeepers) and wildcard ( without vs internal vs external wildcard) impact the physiological (heartrate [HR]) and locomotor (total distance [TD] covered) demands in regular and wildcard players and to evaluate between-player and within-player variability.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Demands are influenced by wildcard and game type, with higher demand (distance covered at high intensities and sprint speed) in regular players and with higher variability in SSG with wildcard players.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive/comparative study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four soccer players completed 6 SSG as 3 versus 3 without (NG) or with (GK) goalkeepers, and with internal (NG+IW and GK+IW) and external (NG+EW and GK+EW) wildcard. Average HR (HR_avg), rate of perceived exertion, and locomotor demands (TD, medium [MID = 7.0-13.9 km h^-1], high [HID = 14.0-20.9 km h^-1] and sprint [SPD >21.0 km h^-1] distance and peak speed [PS]) were registered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The inclusion of GK and internal wildcard led to decreased HR_avg and TD in regular players. Wildcard players positioned internally exhibited higher TD, PS, and lower HR_avg than externally positioned wildcards. Regular players demonstrated higher TD, PS, MID, HID, HR_avg and time spent in Z3 (>90% HR_max) compared with wildcard players in SSG played with external wildcard. Regular and wildcard players displayed great between- and within-player variability in high-intensity metrics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Specific game type and wildcard inclusion impact the physiological and locomotor demands in SSG, with variations observed between regular and wildcard players.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study provides comprehensive information on the physiological and locomotor demands of SSG depending on the inclusion and position of goalkeepers and wildcards, which can be useful for strength and conditioning coaches when designing specific training tasks, individualizing training load and applying return-to-play programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Additional Neuromuscular Training on Peri-Ankle Muscle Morphology and Function in Chronic Ankle Instability Subjects: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Khadijeh Kazemi, Khodabakhsh Javanshir, Feryal Saadi, Shahin Goharpey, Mohammad Jafar Shaterzadeh Yazdi, César Calvo-Lobo, Daniel López-López, Gholamhossein Nassadj","doi":"10.1177/19417381241258467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241258467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lateral ankle sprain is one of the most common musculoskeletal issues during sports and activities of daily living. This study investigated the effect of combined neuromuscular training and conventional training (including strengthening, range of motion, and balance exercises) on muscle morphology, dynamic balance, perceived ankle instability, and functional capacity in persons with chronic ankle instability (CAI).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>The combination of neuromuscular and conventional training programs might result in additional benefits on the morphology of muscle, dynamic balance, and functional capacity in subjects with CAI.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A single-blind parallel-arm randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 34 participants with CAI were divided randomly into experimental (EG) and control groups (CG). The EG received conventional and neuromuscular training, while the CG underwent conventional training. Cross-sectional areas of the peroneus longus and tibialis anterior muscles were measured using ultrasonography. Measurements included reaching direction distance, ankle instability, and the foot and ankle outcome score, all evaluated before and immediately after 12 intervention sessions and 4 weeks later in the follow-up phase.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant improvement in the EG, particularly in the cross-sectional area of the tibialis anterior muscle on the injured side and the posteromedial reaching direction displacement of the Y balance test. Moreover, the EG's foot and ankle outcome scores increased significantly compared with the CG (<i>P</i> < 0.05). However, the group effect size ranged from minor to moderate (Hedges <i>g</i>, 0.40-0.73).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining neuromuscular and conventional training programs yields greater benefits than conventional training alone regarding tibialis anterior muscle morphology, posteromedial dynamic balance, and functional capacity in persons with CAI.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The combination of neuromuscular and conventional training programs could enhance muscle morphology, dynamic balance, perceived ankle instability, and functional capacity in persons with CAI.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Injuries Among National Basketball Association Players: 2013-2014 Through 2018-2019.","authors":"Christina D Mack, Mackenzie M Herzog, Travis G Maak, Asheesh Bedi, Rahul Gondalia, Peter Meisel, Frederick M Azar, Jimmie Mancell, Aaron Nelson, John DiFiori","doi":"10.1177/19417381241258482","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241258482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the epidemiology of injuries to athletes is essential to informing injury prevention efforts.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>The incidence and impact of basketball-related injuries among National Basketball Association (NBA) players from 2013-2014 through 2018-2019 is relatively stable over time.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive epidemiology study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Injuries from 2013-2014 through 2018-2019 were analyzed using the NBA Injury and Illness Database from an electronic medical record system. Descriptive statistics were calculated for injuries by season, game-loss, and onset. Incidence rates were estimated using Poisson models and linear trend tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 552 and 606 players participated in ≥1 game per season during the study. Annual injury incidence ranged from 1550 to 1892, with 33.6% to 38.5% resulting in a missed NBA game. Game-loss injury rates ranged from 5.6 to 7.0 injuries per 10,000 player-minutes from 2014-2015 through 2018-2019 (<i>P</i> = 0.19); the rate was lower in 2013-2014 (5.0 injuries per 10,000 player-minutes), partly due to increased preseason injury rates and transition of reporting processes. The 6-year game-loss injury rate in preseason and regular season games was 6.9 (95% CI 6.0, 8.0) and 6.2 (95% CI 6.0, 6.5) injuries per 10,000 player-minutes; the rate in playoff games was lower (<i>P</i> < 0.01) at 2.8 (95% CI 2.2, 3.6). Most (73%) game-loss injuries had acute onset; 44.4% to 52.5% of these involved contact with another player.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From 2013-2014 through 2018-2019, over one-third of injuries resulted in missed NBA games, with highest rates of game-loss injuries in preseason games and lowest rates in playoff games. Most game-loss injuries had acute onset, and half of those involved contact with another player.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings - through reliable data reporting by team medical staff in an audited system - can guide evidence-based injury reduction strategies and inform player health priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141322010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing Exertional Heat Stroke in Football: Time for a Paradigm Shift.","authors":"Scott A Anderson, E Randy Eichner, Scott Bennett, Barry P Boden, Bob Colgate, Ron Courson, Jon K Davis, Gregory A Elkins, Lawrence W Judge, Mike Krueger, Kristen L Kucera, Karissa Niehoff, Yvette Rooks, James B Tucker, William O Roberts","doi":"10.1177/19417381241260045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241260045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Among American sports, football has the highest incidence of exertional heat stroke (EHS), despite decades of prevention strategies. Based on recent reports, 100% of high school and college EHS football fatalities occur during conditioning sessions. Linemen are the at-risk population, constituting 97% of football EHS deaths. Linemen heat up faster and cool down slower than other players.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>Case series were identified from organized, supervised football at the youth, high school, and collegiate levels and compiled in the National Registry of Catastrophic Sports Injuries. Sources for event occurrence were media reports and newspaper clippings, autopsy reports, certificates of death, school-sponsored investigations, and published medical literature. Articles were identified through PubMed with search terms \"football,\" \"exertional heat stroke,\" and \"prevention.\"</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Clinical review.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 5.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Football EHS is tied to (1) high-intensity drills and conditioning that is not specific to individual player positions, (2) physical exertion as punishment; (3) failure to modify physical activity for high heat and humidity, (4) failure to recognize early signs and symptoms of EHS, and (5) death when cooling is delayed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To prevent football EHS, (1) all training and conditioning should be position specific; (2) physical activity should be modified per the heat load; (3) understand that some players have a \"do-or-die\" mentality that supersedes their personal safety; (4) never use physical exertion as punishment; (5) eliminate conditioning tests, serial sprints, and any reckless drills that are inappropriate for linemen; and (6) consider air-conditioned venues for linemen during hot practices. To prevent EHS, train linemen based on game demands.</p><p><strong>Strength-of-recommendation taxonomy: </strong>n/a.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141318997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Relationships of Ligamentous Injuries in the Knee on Corticospinal Tract Structure: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.","authors":"Le Yu, Weichu Tao, Zhengbiao Jin, Yi Li, Xiao'ao Xue, Ru Wang, Yinghui Hua","doi":"10.1177/19417381241255342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241255342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between ligamentous knee injuries and corticospinal tract (CST) structure has attracted attention; however, any causal relationship remains uncertain. We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify the causal effects of ligamentous knee injuries on the CST.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Ligamentous knee injuries impair CST microstructure (ie, by reducing fractional anisotropy [FA] and increasing mean diffusivity [MD]).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>MR analysis.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MR uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to infer causal relationships between exposures and outcomes. Summary data for ligamentous injuries in knee and CST structure were obtained from genome-wide association study datasets. Significant and independent (5 × 10^-6; <i>r</i>² < 0.001; 10,000 kb) single-nucleotide polymorphisms were extracted for MR analysis. Three methods for MR analysis were used (hypothesis-driven 1-tailed inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median), and sensitivity analyses were conducted to test reliability and stability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from 3 MR methods consistently demonstrated that ligamentous knee injuries increased MD of the right CST (β, 0.063; 90% CI, 0.003-0.123; <i>P</i> = 0.04), and weak statistical significance suggested increased MD of the left CST (β, 0.060; 90% CI, -0.002 to -0.121; <i>P</i> = 0.05). However, no significant causal relationships were observed in CST FA, and no significant pleiotropy or heterogeneity was observed. Sensitivity analysis utilizing 2-tailed tests had no significant associations between ligamentous knee injuries and changes in CST structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is statistically weak genetic evidence that corticospinal pathway abnormalities may evolve after ligamentous knee injuries, which manifests as abnormally organized neurites.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Ligamentous knee injuries require attention not only to damage to the structure of the knee joint itself but also to the process of maladaptive neuroplasticity that leads to structural and functional changes of the CST; novel interventions that target the corticospinal pathway may provide subsequent treatment of ligamentous knee injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141322009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radial Tunnel Syndrome in a Collegiate Baseball Pitcher: A Case Report.","authors":"Alex McCourt, Marissa Pazik, Ryan P Roach, Toby Harkins, Giorgio Zeppieri, Robert Matthias, Kevin W Farmer","doi":"10.1177/19417381241258479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241258479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A Division I baseball pitcher presented with chronic forearm pain in his throwing arm while pitching. Physical examination was remarkable for point tenderness over the radial tunnel. A postexertion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan revealed edema around the posterior interosseous nerve. The patient underwent decompression of the nerve along with radial tunnel release, which resulted in full resolution of symptoms and return to full baseball activities. Radial tunnel syndrome is a rare phenomenon but can occur in throwing athletes. MRI immediately after a pitching session aided in accurate diagnosis and successful surgical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}