Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach最新文献

{"title":"Preserving Knee Health and Delivering Specialized Care for Active Older Athletes.","authors":"Anna Bartsch, Seth Lawrence Sherman, Joseph Tramer, Monica Sri Vel, Michael Fredericson","doi":"10.1177/19417381251326527","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251326527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Athletes differ from recreational exercisers in many characteristics and often require tailored treatments uniquely adapted to their situations and requirements. This practice is highlighted in young and middle-aged high-performance athletes. However, with advancing age and declining physical performance, age often outweighs athleticism, discounting the existing distinctions. This review focuses on physiological age-related processes in active older athletes and common knee conditions and elucidates the differences in preventing and treating knee injuries from the active adult population.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>Nonsystematic review with critical appraisal of existing literature.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Clinical review.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may interfere with the muscle hypertrophy mechanism in older athletes and it may be beneficial to adapt to other pharmacological interventions for knee osteoarthritis (OA). Arthroplasty is not typically compatible with high level sports activities; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery in the older athlete may be an effective option to improve function and enable return to sport, especially in the absence of OA. Chronic degenerative meniscal injuries can usually be treated conservatively, regardless of subjective mechanical symptoms. Acute traumatic meniscal tears in nonarthritic knees that cause effusions or reproducible mechanical symptoms may yet be considered for repair at any age. Conservative options are more dominant for patella tendinopathy, where platelet-rich plasma may be more effective than the classic extracorporeal shockwave therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With the increase of the active older athletic population, prevention and injury treatment strategies must be balanced and tailored to their individual needs. Older athletes have various goals and demands in their respective sports, necessitating distinct prevention and treatment strategies.Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT):B.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251326527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Distress, Skipped Meals, and Insufficient Sleep, and the Occurrence of Back Pain in Adolescent Female Soccer Players: The Karolinska Football Injury Cohort Study.","authors":"Luca Orzali, Martin Asker, Nathan Weiss, Clara Onell, Urban Johnson, Anne Fältström, Ulrika Tranaeus, Eva Skillgate","doi":"10.1177/19417381251326498","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251326498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is growing awareness that back pain in adolescent soccer (European football) players is not always related to local tissue damage. Approaches taking into consideration lifestyle factors are needed. This study aimed to investigate the association between psychological distress, skipped meals, and insufficient sleep, and the occurrence of back pain among adolescent female soccer players.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Psychological distress, skipped meals, and insufficient sleep are associated with the occurrence of back pain.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cohort study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Swedish adolescent female soccer players aged 12 to 17 years, without back pain at baseline, were included. The exposures psychological distress, skipped meals, and insufficient sleep were assessed at baseline. The players were followed for 1 year with a weekly web-based survey, where back pain intensity was measured on a numeric rating scale (NRS) ranging from 0 to 10. The outcome back pain was defined as reporting low back pain and/or upper back/neck pain intensity of ≥4 on the NRS. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to estimate the hazard rate ratio (HRR) with 95% CI for the association between each exposure and the outcome back pain, adjusted for age at baseline and parents' education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 351 players were included, and 141 players reported back pain at some point during the 1-year follow-up. The adjusted HRR for back pain was 1.79 (95% CI, 1.11-2.91) for insufficient sleep, 1.45 (95% CI, 0.97-2.17) for psychological distress, and 0.98 (95% CI, 0.61-1.59) for skipped meals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Insufficient sleep and psychological distress are associated with the occurrence of back pain among female adolescent soccer players.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Our results contribute to the understanding of what may influence the occurrence of back pain in adolescence, offering potential strategies for the prevention of back pain in adolescent female soccer players.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251326498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification in Collegiate Football Athletes: A Retrospective, Observational Study.","authors":"William Hollabaugh, Tyler Hill, Claudia Davidson, Jacquelyn Pennings, Nicholas Strasser, Lauren Porras, Charles Cox, Robert Fitch","doi":"10.1177/19417381251326531","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251326531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lower extremity muscle tears are common sports injuries. The British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification (BAMIC) may provide clinical guidance for tears although its value in American football and college athletes is unknown.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Clinical outcomes, specifically time to return to play (RTP) (TRTP), in college American football athletes with activity-related hamstring (HS) and quadriceps (QD) tears will be associated with BAMIC.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>American football college athletes who sustained a HS or QD tear and underwent magnetic resonance imaging within 7 days at 1 institution during the 2023 season were included. TRTP and reinjury rate (RIR) for HS and QD tears classified by BAMIC and injury characteristics were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 24 HS and 10 QD tears in 21 (17.3%) of 121 athletes (20 ± 1.2 years; 100.0% male), most (60.0%) were BAMIC 2a-3b. Most (89.3%) injuries occurred before the season, and all occurred in practice. Overall median TRTP was 26 days (interquartile range, 17.8-33.0), translating to about 4 weeks missed play. The RIR was 19.0% (4/21). Most (75.0%) reinjuries occurred before RTP. There was no significant relationship between BAMIC and TRTP, although TRTP was less for grade 0 injuries and greater TRTP for injury site \"c,\" albeit with small effect sizes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Activity-related HS and QD tears are common in American football college athletes, particularly in preseason and practice. Injured athletes missed about 3 to 4 games, regardless of BAMIC, with 1 in 5 athletes suffering a reinjury. There was no relationship between BAMIC or muscle group and TRTP.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This appraisal of BAMIC in college and American football athletes highlights the prevalence of muscle tears and the need for prevention. Although BAMIC lacked value in this study, larger studies are needed to evaluate BAMIC in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251326531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex- and Age-Specific Review of Flag Football Injuries in the United States: A 10-Year Analysis of National Injury Data.","authors":"Auston R Locke, Niklas H Koehne, Avanish Yendluri, Charles Laurore, Kyle K Obana, Justin Tiao, Bryan M Saltzman, David P Trofa, Xinning Li, Robert L Parisien","doi":"10.1177/19417381251326575","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251326575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Flag football is a rapidly growing sport with injuries frequently presenting to emergency departments (EDs). Current literature on flag football lacks mechanisms of injury and any information pertaining to female athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine demographic-specific injury trends in those playing flag football.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for flag football injuries presenting to United States EDs from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2022. Patient demographics, injury site, diagnosis, and disposition were recorded. NEISS narratives were used to identify mechanisms of injury. National estimates (NEs) were calculated using the NEISS statistical sample weight. Annual injury trends were evaluated by linear regression.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive epidemiology study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 2508 flag football injuries (NE, 86,443) analyzed from 2013 to 2022; 78.2% were sustained by male athletes. Linear regression analysis revealed no significant trend in annual injuries (<i>P</i> = 0.16) from 2013 to 2022. The most common mechanism of injury was player-player collision (35.7%). The 2 age groups most affected by flag football injuries were middle school-aged (11-13 years) (20.8%) and high school-aged (14-18 years) (23.7%). The area of the body most affected for pediatric (<18 years) groups was the head, while adults most frequently injured their fingers. In addition, the most common mechanism for the pediatric age group was fracture (21.3%), whereas adult age groups most frequently suffered from strain/sprain injuries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The number of injuries from flag football identified in this study has not decreased throughout the last decade, aside from 2020 - potentially due to the prevalence of COVID-19. Collisions were the most frequent mechanism of injury across all age groups. Whereas younger athletes frequently sustained head injuries and fractures, older athletes typically sustained strain/sprain injuries and finger injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251326575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Explaining the Severity of Acute Achilles Tendinopathy Among Runners: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Analysis.","authors":"Marie-Hélène Lavallée-Bourget, Laurence Roy-Bélanger, María García-Arrabé, Xavier Laurier, Arielle Tougas, Blaise Dubois, Valérie Bélanger, Jean-Sébastien Roy","doi":"10.1177/19417381251324929","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251324929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a prevalent musculoskeletal injury among runners, accounting for approximately 10% of all running-related injuries. AT can result in persistent symptoms and impact the quality of life of runners. The Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment questionnaire (VISA-A) is a widely used self-reported tool for assessing severity of AT. However, the anatomic, biomechanical, psychological, and social factors that influence its score are still poorly understood. The aim of this study is to identify the factors that explain the severity of AT based on the VISA-A score in runners experiencing acute AT.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>The VISA-A score will be explained by both biological and psychosocial factors.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Runners with AT were assessed within 3 months of symptoms onset. The potential explanatory factors assessed included sociodemographic characteristics and medical history, as well as psychosocial, physical, and anatomic (ultrasound imaging) variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with AT (n = 84) demonstrated moderate impairments, with a mean VISA-A score of 62.8 (SD, 15.1). Three variables emerged as significant factors explaining AT severity: higher level of kinesiophobia and pain catastrophizing, pain during single-leg jumps, and increased cross-sectional Achilles tendon area on ultrasound imaging. These 3 variables had a moderate capacity (<i>R</i>² = 0.47) to explain the VISA-A score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pain during single-leg jumps, an increased cross-sectional tendon area assessed by ultrasound, and a high score on kinesiophobia and pain catastrophizing questions are associated with higher VISA scores.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings provide the basis for the development of more tailored interventions to improve the quality of life and function of runners with acute AT.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251324929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Injuries in the First 3 Years of Premier Rugby Sevens Between Male and Female Players.","authors":"Rachel Sachs, Margaret Gibson, Katherine Henry, Morgan Birrell","doi":"10.1177/19417381251325131","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251325131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Premier Rugby Sevens (PR7S) is a new professional rugby league. Our study aims to examine injury data from PR7S over the last 3 years to clarify the incidence of injury per event and determine any trends within injuries to specific body regions related to both sex and year of competition. Understanding these injury patterns will assure relevant player education campaigns related to injury awareness, inform sex-specific injury prevention strategies, and help medical professionals care for athletes more effectively in future competitions.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>There will be a difference in injury patterns and data between men and women throughout the last 3 years of data.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cohort study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cohort study including the whole population of athletes from PR7S from 2021 to 2023. After each of the 9 events, athletes filled out a postevent injury form in Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant electronic health record with their team athletic trainer which included name, date of birth, event, injury type, and location of injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When comparing injury rates year to year, there was a statistically significant increase from 7 to 62 injuries among female athletes (<i>P</i> = 0.004). The number of injuries in male athletes stayed relatively the same. Despite having 432 athletes for both sexes, lower extremity injuries in female athletes have increased each year, whereas male athlete lower extremity injuries have stayed roughly the same throughout the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were statistically more injuries in female athletes compared with male athletes.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These results are similar to other studies including other sports showing increased lower extremity injuries among female athletes compared with male athletes. More research needs to be done to evaluate the causes of increased injuries into to develop prevention strategies in rugby and in other sports.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251325131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Quadriceps Atrophy After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear.","authors":"Meredith K Owen, Kelsey R Casadonte, Nicholas T Thomas, Christine M Latham, Camille R Brightwell, Katherine L Thompson, Gregory S Hawk, Cale A Jacobs, Darren L Johnson, Christopher S Fry, Brian Noehren","doi":"10.1177/19417381241230612","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241230612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Female athletes lag behind their male counterparts in recovery from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Quadriceps muscle size and strength are crucial factors for regaining function after ACL injury, but little is known about how these metrics vary due to biological sex.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Female patients have reduced vastus lateralis fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) and lower quadriceps strength after ACL injury than male patients.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 60 participants with recent ACL tear were evaluated for vastus lateralis muscle fiber CSA, isometric quadriceps peak torque, and quadriceps rate of torque development. Linear mixed models were fit to determine differences across sex and limb for each variable of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The female group averaged almost 20% atrophy between limbs (<i>P</i> < 0.01), while the male group averaged just under 4% (<i>P</i> = 0.05). Strength deficits between limbs were comparable between female and male groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Immediately after ACL injury, female patients have greater between-limb differences in muscle fiber CSA but between-limb strength deficits comparable with those of male patients.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These results indicate that the underpinnings of strength loss differ based on biological sex, and thus individual patients could benefit from a sex-specific treatment approach to ACL injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"236-242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective Causes for Failure to Return to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Katie Yensen, Cory K Mayfield, Ioanna K Bolia, Ryan A Palmer, Michael Brown, Daniel R Kim, Maya S Abu-Zahra, Jacob L Kotlier, Thomas Webb, Emmett Cleary, Nima Saboori, Frank A Petrigliano, Alexander E Weber","doi":"10.1177/19417381241231631","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241231631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>While current literature has explored the outcomes of athletes who return to sport (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, less is known about the outcomes of those who are unsuccessful in returning to sport.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the rate of athletes who did not RTS after primary ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and to identify the specific subjective reasons for failure to RTS.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A comprehensive search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted through April 2021.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Eligible studies included those explicitly reporting the rate of failure for RTS after ACLR as well as providing details on reasons for athletes' inability to return; 31 studies met the inclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2 to 4.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>The reasons for failure to RTS referred to in our study are derived from those established previously in the studies included. Data were collected on the number of athletes, mean age, mean follow-up time, type of sport played, failure to RTS rate, and specific reasons for failure to return.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weighted rate of failure to RTS after ACLR was 25.5% (95% CI, 19.88-31.66). The estimated proportion of psychosocial-related reasons cited for failure to RTS was significantly greater than knee-related reasons for failure RTS (55.4% vs 44.6%, <i>P</i> < 0.01). The most cited reason for failure to RTS was fear of reinjury (33.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study estimates the rate of failure to RTS after ACLR to be 25.5%, with the majority of athletes citing fear of reinjury as the major deterrent for returning to sports. We highlight how factors independent of surgical outcomes may impact an athlete's ability to return to play given that the predominant reason for no RTS after ACLR was unrelated to the knee.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"243-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Customized Landing Task for ACL Injury Risk Assessment: Kinematic Sex-Related Differences.","authors":"Claudia Brunetti, Rodrigo Rabello, Federico Adragna, Lucas Silva Zandonato, Alessandro Zucchetti, Filippo Bertozzi, Manuela Galli, Chiarella Sforza","doi":"10.1177/19417381241236893","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241236893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women present a higher anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rate than men, suggesting sex-related biomechanical differences. Task characteristics are often fixed for both sexes, possibly affecting the perceived difficulty. We investigated kinematic sex differences across landing tasks for ACL injury risk assessment, adjusted to participants' anthropometrics/performance, and whether different tasks affect kinematic sex comparisons.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Female subjects would exhibit motion patterns more associated with ACL injury risk, and sex-related differences may depend on task type.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive laboratory study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 27 female and 29 male amateur players (18-30 years) executed horizontal hop, drop jump (DJ), and DJ followed by vertical or forward jump (length, proportional to maximal forward jump; box, 20% participant's height). An optoelectronic system provided lower limb kinematics at initial contact and peaks until maximum knee flexion (KF), analyzed separately by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At initial contact, the interaction term had significant effects on hip adduction (<i>P</i> < 0.01) and knee abduction (KAb) (<i>P</i> = 0.04); female participants demonstrated higher KAb (<i>P</i> < 0.01) and knee internal rotation (<i>P</i> = 0.05). For peaks analysis, the interaction term had no significant effects on any individual variable, although significant in MANOVA; female participants had higher KAb (<i>P</i> = 0.01) and lower KF (<i>P</i> = 0.04). Task type affected hip flexion and knee angles in both analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All variables in which significant sex-related differences were found are potential ACL injury risk factors, and all findings indicate that the analyzed female sample exhibited higher injury-related patterns. Although customized, male and female participants showed different landing strategies depending on the task.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The findings underline how female participants adopted potentially harmful kinematics while executing customized landing tasks (adjusted by subject's anthropometrics/performance), which may enhance risk of ACL injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"252-261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140307845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Lifting Straps on the Relationship Between Maximum Repetitions to Failure and Lifting Velocity During the Prone Bench Pull Exercise.","authors":"Sergio Miras-Moreno, Amador García-Ramos, Francisco J Rojas-Ruiz, Alejandro Pérez-Castilla","doi":"10.1177/19417381241235163","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241235163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fastest mean (MV_fastest) and peak (PV_fastest) velocity of the set have been proposed to predict the maximum number of repetitions to failure (RTF) during the Smith machine prone bench pull (PBP) exercise.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Goodness-of-fit would be higher for individualized compared with generalized RTF-velocity relationships and comparable for both execution equipment conditions (with or without straps), and the MV_fastest and PV_fastest associated with each RTF would be comparable between execution equipment and prediction methods (multiple- vs 2-point method).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After determining the PBP 1-repetition maximum (1RM), 20 resistance-trained male athletes performed 2 sessions randomly, with and without lifting straps, consisting of single sets to failure against the same load sequence (60% to 80% to 70% 1RM). Generalized (pooling data from all subjects) and individualized (separately for each subject using multiple-point or 2-point methods) RTF-velocity relationships were constructed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individualized RTF-velocity relationships were always stronger than generalized RFT-velocity relationships, but comparable with (MV_fastest: <i>r</i>² = 0.87-0.99]; PV_fastest: <i>r</i>² = 0.88-1.00]) and without (MV_fastest: <i>r</i>² = 0.82-1.00; PV_fastest: <i>r</i>² = 0.89-0.99]) lifting straps. The velocity values associated with each RTF were comparable between execution equipment (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.22), but higher for the multiple-point compared with the 2-point method (<i>P</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of lifting straps during the Smith machine PBP exercise does not affect the goodness-of-fit of the RTF-velocity relationships or the velocity values associated with different RTFs. However, caution should be exercised when using different methods.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The benefits of the RTF-velocity relationships can be extrapolated when using lifting straps, and the 2-point method can also be used as a quick and more fatigue-free procedure. Nevertheless, it is imperative for coaches to ensure that these relationships are reflective of fatigue experienced during training.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"332-341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140307847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}