Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Landing Stability in Patients After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Yushi Chen, Shanshan Zheng, Le Yu, Xiao'ao Xue, Zikun Wang, Yang Sun, Yinghui Hua","doi":"10.1177/19417381251372976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381251372976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Dynamic postural control deficits are prevalent in people with anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACLI) or reconstruction (ACLR). Time to stabilization (TTS) and the dynamic postural stability index (DPSI) are used to assess dynamic postural stability during a jump-landing task. However, results vary on whether landing stability can adequately demonstrate dynamic postural deficits in patients with ACLI and ACLR.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To (1) describe common methods and parameters for determining TTS and DPSI, and (2) identify the differences in TTS and DPSI across different jump-landing tasks and directions between the ACLI or ACLR and control groups.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus were searched for articles from conception until March 2024.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Clinical studies assessing dynamic postural stability between patients with ACLI and ACLR and controls were included. Eleven articles were included in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>The following information was extracted from included articles: demographic data, sample size, methodology, landing stability test outcomes, and calculation methods of outcomes. Different jump tasks were explored, and meta-analyses were conducted on the landing stability test outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In forward jump-landing tasks, knees affected by ACLI or ACLR needed more time than controls to achieve stabilization, showing a moderate effect in the anteroposterior direction (based on 2 studies, 47 affected knees versus 44 healthy knees; standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.438), and a large effect in the vertical direction (based on 3 studies, 77 affected knees versus 74 healthy knees; SMD = 0.656).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate impaired dynamic stability in ACLI/ACLR patients, highlighting the importance of TTS as an effective measure for assessing landing stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251372976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Muscle Performance in Volleyball and Football Players: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Dayong Qiu, Jiahan He, Boming Li, Pinshi Ni, Zhengyang Zhao, Rong Lv, Fanghui Li","doi":"10.1177/19417381251372977","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251372977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The use of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) as an adjunct to improve muscle performance and accelerate recovery in high-level volleyball and football players remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether PBMT improves skeletal muscle performance in ball sports athletes, and whether there are differences in the improvement of skeletal muscle performance by PBMT between volleyballers and footballers.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A comprehensive search of the Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and PubMed databases was conducted through April 10, 2025.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Eligible studies included those explicitly categorized as randomized controlled trials (RCT) of PBMT interventions for high-level volleyballers and/or footballers; 14 studies met the inclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>The primary outcome measures included maximal voluntary contraction force (MVC), number of repetitions, and creatine kinase (CK) levels. Means and standard deviations for each variable of interest were used to calculate standardized mean differences (SMDs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The active laser had no significant effect on MVC (mean difference [MD], 19.67; 95% CI, 7.36 to 31.72; <i>P</i> = 0.31)]; however, it significantly increased the number of repetitions (SMD, 0.58; 95% CI, -0.05 to 1.21; <i>P</i> = 0.04) and significantly decreased CK levels (MD, -45.37; 95% CI, -55.52 to -35.22; <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PBMT can delay muscle fatigue onset and reduce CK levels in ball sports athletes. The improvement in skeletal muscle performance induced by PBMT showed differences between volleyballers and footballers, as there was a significant increase the number of repetitions in volleyball players, whereas a significant decrease in CK levels was noted in footballers.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251372977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Video Analysis of Suspected Injuries and Suspected Concussions in Elite Ladies Gaelic Football Matches.","authors":"Leigh Porter, Stephen W West, Stephen Behan, Siobhán O'Connor","doi":"10.1177/19417381251372982","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251372982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research shows that injuries are prevalent in ladies Gaelic football. However, little is known about how these injuries occur (ie, the mechanism of injury). In addition, there are limited data on injuries sustained during elite-level matches. Concussions are also a key concern, yet research has examined solely self-reported suspected concussions, and it remains unclear how potential concussions are identified and managed during matches.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To establish the incidence, characteristics, and management of suspected injuries and concussions in elite ladies Gaelic football matches.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional video analysis study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A video coding framework was developed based on similar published studies and validated by 5 Gaelic football-specific raters. One research assistant coded all matches from the 2022 season, and an experienced referee also reviewed foul play events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 829 suspected injuries (suspected injury rate [IR], 229.0 per 1000 hours; 95% CI, 214.0-245.2; 6.9 suspected injuries per match) and 162 suspected concussions (IR, 44.8 per 1000 hours; 95% CI, 38.4-52.2; 1.4 per match) recorded in 120 matches. Most suspected injuries received onfield medical attention (84.0%); however, just 13.6% of suspected concussions were removed from play. The tackle accounted for the most suspected injuries (40.2%), player-to-player contact (68.2%) was the most common mechanism, and the head/neck (38.1%) was the body location injured most frequently. Foul play concerned 53.2% of suspected injuries, with 76.7% of fouls concerning the tackle.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nonremoval of suspected concussions and the frequency of tackle-related suspected injuries and foul play warrants attention.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Developing and implementing injury prevention programs, concussion management strategies, and education for all knowledge users may contribute to a safer playing environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251372982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ten-Year Epidemiology of Concussions in Cirque du Soleil Performers.","authors":"Jeffrey A Russell, Mychelle Berry, Todd Richardson, Janet E Simon","doi":"10.1177/19417381251373057","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251373057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sports concussion receives heavy attention from researchers. Conversely, research devoted to performing arts concussion is scant, despite a variety of head injury opportunities in artistic endeavors and environments. Circus is a high-energy, high-velocity performing art for which minimal concussion research is available.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Assess via medical records the 10-year concussion incidence in Cirque du Soleil (CdS) performers and the variables surrounding their concussions.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive epidemiology.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 5.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were extracted from CdS performers' medical records for 2010 to 2019: sex, age at injury, performance type, artistic discipline, mechanism of injury, performance context, and time-loss from full participation. Yearly artist-exposures for all CdS artists were identified. Data were analyzed for both resident and touring shows.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 10 years there were 2,733,073 exposures, with 354 concussions sustained among 296 performers. Acrobats were the most commonly concussed (82.8% of all concussions). There were 1.30 concussions per 10,000 artist-exposures. Repeat concussions accounted for 58 concussions (16.4%). Full return to performance occurred at a mean of 35.5 ± 100.3 days. The highest rate of concussions was in 2019 (1.93 per 10,000 artist-exposures); 2010 had the lowest (0.86 per 10,000 artist-exposures). More concussions occurred during performances than training sessions; nearly half (170 of 354) occurred during the first of 2 shows presented nightly. There was no significant difference in overall incidence between resident and touring performers. The most frequent concussion mechanisms were impact with apparatus/equipment (113 of 354) or with another artist (106 of 354).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The concussion incidence of CdS artists is noteworthy compared with sports concussions. Acrobats sustained the most concussions. Concussions occurred more frequently during performances than during training.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These new data on performing arts concussions highlight the prevalence and incidence of concussions in circus performers for healthcare professionals who care for them.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251373057"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superficial and Deep Gluteal Muscle Activation During Common Therapeutic Exercises: A Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis.","authors":"Sungwan Kim, Julie P Burland, Kristin D Morgan, Lindsay J DiStefano, Michelle C Boling, Neal R Glaviano","doi":"10.1177/19417381251372979","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251372979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deep gluteal muscles play an important role in femoral rotation and hip stability, but are often neglected in clinical research. We quantified and compared activation changes of superficial and deep gluteal muscles across 4 common therapeutic exercises: single-leg bridge (BRIDGE), side-lying clamshell (CLAM), side-lying reverse clamshell (R-CLAM), and side-lying hip abduction with external rotation (ABD-ER).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>ABD-ER activates both superficial and deep gluteal muscles more effectively than other exercises.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Controlled laboratory study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten healthy, physically active people (5 women and 5 men; age, 27.2 ± 1.9 years; Tegner activity scale, 6.4 ± 0.5) participated. Muscle functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted before and after 1 set of 40 repetitions of each exercise type. Percent changes in T2 relaxation time in superficial and deep gluteal muscle activation were assessed before and after each exercise using repeated-measures analysis of variance or Friedman test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All muscles showed increased activation after exercise. BRIDGE (11.6%) and ABD-ER (13.2%) activated the gluteus medius more than CLAM (4.5%). ABD-ER activated the tensor fasciae latae (17.8%) and gluteus minimus (18.1%) more than other exercises (2.7% to 7.2%). BRIDGE (13.1%), CLAM (14.5%), and ABD-ER (23.8%) activated the piriformis more than R-CLAM (5.3%). CLAM (24.2%) and ABD-ER (19.5%) activated the obturator internus more than BRIDGE (5.3%) and R-CLAM (7.3%). CLAM and ABD-ER activated the gemellus superior (18.7% and 21.4%, respectively) and gemellus inferior (6.7% and 9.2%, respectively) more than R-CLAM (7.7% and 3.4%, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Of the exercises studied, ABD-ER was most effective in activating both superficial and deep gluteal muscles. BRIDGE and CLAM demonstrated selective activation advantages for specific muscles, supporting an individualized approach to exercise selection.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These insights into gluteal muscle activation changes before and after therapeutic exercises will aid clinical decision-making for exercise prescriptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251372979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concussion Reporting Expectation Screening in the Preparticipation Physical Examination.","authors":"Alexandra Abbott, Alexandra M Klomhaus, Aurelia Nattiv, Joshua Goldman","doi":"10.1177/19417381251372975","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251372975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletes have been concerning for rates of athletes reporting playing while symptomatic with a concussion and of athlete nondisclosure of concussion symptoms.</p><p><strong>Purpose/hypothesis: </strong>This study's primary aim was to determine whether application of a brief and validated scale for concussion reporting expectation (CR-E) is an effective screening tool for collegiate athletes. It was hypothesized that 20% of athletes would be considered high risk for nondisclosure of concussion symptoms using this screening tool.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2B.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NCAA Division I athletes (<i>n</i> = 358) from 18 teams who presented for preparticipation physical examinations (PPEs) in the 2023 fall season were queried with the CR-E and concussion history questions. The time to complete the CR-E was recorded, and providers recorded whether the screening results warranted additional concussion counseling or education. We report survey responses for all athletes stratified by sex and sport. Power analysis study population was based on NCAA collegiate athletes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CR-E required an average of 2 minutes for athletes to complete during their PPE. Of 238 of 358 athletes who completed the CR-E questionnaire, 2 in 3 were determined to benefit from concussion education. Overall, athletes felt \"neutral\" about their agreement on a Likert scale to report concussion symptoms in 4 scenarios described on the CR-E. Water polo, volleyball, women's soccer, gymnastics, and football represented sports with higher rates of counseling, below average agreement to report concussion symptoms for 4 scenarios queried, and most frequent nonreporting histories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CR-E questionnaire represents an impactful screening tool with high utility and feasibility for collegiate athletes.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Our study supports a brief screening tool to guide concussion counseling for athletes. Based on our data, there appears to be room for improvement in athlete concussion education overall.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251372975"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evidence Driving Policy for the Implementation of Virtual Rehabilitation Is Riddled With Conflicts of Interest.","authors":"Daniel I Rhon, Amy McDevitt, John Magel, Megan B Donaldson","doi":"10.1177/19417381251372980","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251372980","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251372980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waveform Analysis To Identify Biomechanical Relationships and Differences Between Softball Pitchers With and Without Pain.","authors":"Kenzie B Friesen, Kevin A Giordano, Gretchen D Oliver","doi":"10.1177/19417381241285894","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241285894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Softball pitchers accrue high rates of injury. Research suggests certain mechanics at discrete pitch events are related with pain. Here, we examine relationships between peak throwing shoulder kinetics and trunk/pelvis kinematics and compare trunk/pelvis kinematics between pitchers who were healthy and those currently experiencing pain.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>(1) Peak shoulder kinetics would be positively related to greater trunk and pelvis flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation; and (2) pitchers in pain would exhibit greater trunk and pelvis flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation during the pitch than those who were pain-free.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 42 high school pitchers (height, 1.71 ± 0.06 m; weight, 75.0 ± 15.9 kg; age, 16 ± 2 years) were separated into 2 groups based on presence or absence of pain. Peak kinetic data from 3 pitches per pitcher were averaged and used as dependent variables. Kinematic data were averaged across 3 trials, and time normalized to 101 datapoints between foot contact and follow-through of the pitch. Statistical parametric mapping regressions were used to assess the relationships between peak shoulder kinetics and waveform of trunk and pelvis kinematics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pelvic lateral tilt significantly predicted peak throwing shoulder superior (<i>P</i> = 0.05) and lateral (<i>P</i> = 0.04) force. Pelvis rotation predicted peak superior force (<i>P</i> = 0.02). Waveform analyses revealed no waveform differences between healthy pitchers and those currently experiencing pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Peak shoulder kinetic variables are related with pelvic positioning during the pitch; however, trunk and pelvis kinematics do not differ according to presence of pain.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Pitchers in pain do not adopt specific trunk and pelvic alterations during the pitch, potentially concealing the effects of pain from visual identification. Coaches and clinicians need to discuss health status with pitchers versus relying on visual observations to understand pain and injury risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"990-995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Ketogenic Diets and Ketone Supplements on the Aerobic Performance of Endurance Runners: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Kexin Sun, Yee Tung Choi, Clare Chung Wah Yu, Edmund Anthony Severn Nelson, Jorming Goh, Siyu Dai, Lai Ling Hui","doi":"10.1177/19417381241271547","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241271547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Ketogenic diets and ketone supplements have gained popularity among endurance runners given their purported effects: potentially delaying the onset of fatigue by enabling the increased utilization of the body's fat reserve or external ketone bodies during prolonged running.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effects of ketogenic diets (>60% fat and <10% carbohydrates/<50 g carbohydrates per day) or ketone supplements (ketone esters or ketone salts, medium-chain triglycerides or 1,3-butadiol) on the aerobic performance of endurance runners.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Pro Quest, and Science Direct for publications up to October 2023.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Human studies on the effects of ketogenic diets or ketone supplements on the aerobic performance of adult endurance runners were included after independent screening by 2 reviewers.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Systematic review.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Primary outcomes were markers of aerobic performance (maximal oxygen uptake [VO₂max], race time, time to exhaustion and rate of perceived exertion).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VO₂max was assessed by incremental test to exhaustion. Endurance performance was assessed by time trials, 180-minute running trials, or run-to-exhaustion trials; 5 studies on ketogenic diets and 7 studies on ketone supplements involving a total of 132 endurance runners were included. Despite the heterogeneity in study design and protocol, none reported benefits of ketogenic diets or ketone supplements on selected markers of aerobic performance compared with controls. Reduction in bodyweight and fat while preserving lean mass and improved glycemic control were reported in some included studies on ketogenic diets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review did not identify any significant advantages or disadvantages of ketogenic diets or ketone supplements for the aerobic performance of endurance runners. Further trials with larger sample sizes, more gender-balanced participants, longer ketogenic diet interventions, and follow-up on metabolic health are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"906-918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Taurine Combined With Creatine on Repeated Sprinting Ability After Exhaustive Exercise Under Hot and Humid Conditions.","authors":"Peiqi Yu, Yongzhao Fan, Xiangyu Wang, Hao Wu","doi":"10.1177/19417381251320095","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251320095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Taurine (TAU) and creatine (Cr) are common ergogenic aids used by athletes to enhance performance; however, the effect of their combined supplementation, and on recovery in high temperature and humidity environments, has not been studied.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Combined TUA and Cr will have greater effect on physiological indicators and repetitive sprint performance recovery after exhaustive exercise under hot and humid conditions than single supplementation or placebo.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Single-blind crossover randomized controlled study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (12 sports students) were assigned randomly to 1 of 4 supplementation intervention groups: placebo (P), taurine (T), creatine (C), or taurine + creatine (T+C). Exercise protocol included exhaustion tests and repeated sprinting exercises were conducted in a laboratory environment at 35 °C/65% relative humidity. Heartrate, blood lactate (BLa), tympanic temperature, thermal sensation, and rating of perceived exertion were monitored throughout. Heartrate variability, time to exhaustion (TTE), reaction time, and countermovement jump (CMJ) height were tracked before and after exhaustion exercise and before sprint exercise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TTE was significantly higher in the T+C group than in the P group (<i>P</i> = 0.04). BLa and tympanic temperature increased rapidly in all 4 conditions, then decreased gradually, and T group peak values were higher than those of P group (<i>P</i> = 0.04; <i>P</i> < 0.01). CMJ decreased in the C and T+C groups (<i>P</i> = 0.04; <i>P</i> = 0.04) after exhaustive exercise, unlike other groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Indicators of repeated sprint exercise, peak power, mean power, and power decrement showed a decreasing trend within groups but no difference between groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this small student group, under hot and humid conditions, T+C supplementation significantly enhanced TTE.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>TAU, Cr, and their combined supplementation do not significantly improve repeated sprint performance after exhaustive exercise under hot and humid conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"919-929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11840827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}