Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach最新文献

{"title":"Estimating Repetitions in Reserve During the Bench Press Exercise: Should We Consider Sex and the Exercise Equipment?","authors":"Santiago A Ruiz-Alias, Andrés Baena-Raya, Alba Hernández-Martínez, David M Díez-Fernández, Manuel A Rodríguez-Pérez, Alejandro Pérez-Castilla","doi":"10.1177/19417381241285891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241285891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Estimating repetitions in reserve (RIR) has been established as a valid and practical method for monitoring set configuration concerning proximity to failure in resistance training. However, factors such as sex and exercise equipment could interfere with the estimation process. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the influence of sex (female vs male) and exercise equipment (free-weight vs Smith machine) on the RIR estimation at different relative loads during the bench press exercise.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Men would be more accurate than women in the RIR estimation, and participants would better perceive their actual effort at the Smith machine compared with the free-weight bench press exercise.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Repeated measures design.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a counterbalanced order, recreationally trained participants (12 female, 14 male) performed 2 identical sessions with the free-weight bench press exercise in 1 week and 2 identical sessions with the Smith machine bench press exercise in another week (first session for familiarization and second session for validity analysis). In each session, participants performed single sets of repetitions to failure against 3 relative loads (65%, 75%, and 85% of the 1-repetition maximum [1RM]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed a significant interaction between RIR and sex at 65% 1RM (<i>P</i> < 0.01; women: -1.2 [-1.7 to -0.6] repetitions; men: -0.1 [-0.6 to 0.3] repetitions), and between RIR and exercise equipment at 65% 1RM (<i>P</i> < 0.01; free-weight: -1.1 [-1.5 to -0.6] repetitions; Smith machine: -0.2 [-0.6 to 0.2] repetitions), but not at 75% and 85% 1RM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RIR estimation is a valid method for monitoring set configuration. However, this method tends to underestimate RIR at 65%1RM with female athletes and in the free-weight exercise for both sexes.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Strength and conditioning coaches should help their athletes understand effort awareness in the aforementioned context.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency Action Planning in United States High Schools.","authors":"Riley Michael Hedberg, Jack Michael Ayres, William Messamore, Jordan P Baker, Armin Tarakemeh, Richard Burkholder, Luis Salazar, Bryan George Vopat, Jean-Philippe Darche","doi":"10.1177/19417381241277833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241277833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rates of emergency action plan (EAP) implementation and compliance with EAP guidelines vary in United States secondary schools. There are limited data on emergency preparedness in schools without athletic trainers (ATs).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Rural and high poverty schools have poor emergency preparedness for high school athletic events due to financial barriers and lack of ATs.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 5.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A web-based questionnaire was emailed by each State High School Athletics Association to ATs, athletic directors, and coaches of recipient schools to assess emergency preparedness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 686 responses were received (response rate ~3.5%). Schools with an AT on staff were more likely to have an EAP (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Schools with a higher enrollment were more likely to have an EAP (<i>P</i> < 0.01), an AT on staff (<i>P</i> < 0.01), require additional training for coaches (<i>P</i> < 0.01), and have an automated external defibrillator (AED) onsite for all events (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Urban (odds ratio [OR], 3.514; 95% CI [2.242, 5.507]; <i>P</i> < 0.01) and suburban (OR, 4.950; 95% CI [3.287, 7.454]; <i>P</i> < 0.01) districts were more likely than rural districts to have an AT on staff. High poverty districts were less likely to have an AED (OR, 0.660; 95% CI [0.452, 0.964]; <i>P</i> = 0.03) or EAP (OR, 0.511; 95% CI [0.306, 0.853]; <i>P</i> < 0.01) at athletic venues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower enrollment, high poverty, and rural schools are less prepared for athletic emergencies than their higher enrollment, low poverty, and suburban counterparts as these schools are generally less likely to have an AT on staff, AEDs, and EAPs and less likely to provide additional training to coaches and other staff.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study assesses athletic emergency preparedness-a critical component of ensuring athlete safety and recovery after injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Therapy for Knee Pain Relief Induces Changes in Gut Microbiome Composition: A Secondary Analysis of Data From a Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Afroditi Kouraki, Amrita Vijay, Sameer Gohir, Bonnie Millar, Anthony Kelly, Ana M Valdes","doi":"10.1177/19417381241283812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241283812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aerobic exercise alters gut microbiome composition, yet the impact of gentle physiotherapy on gut microbiome and its relation to muscle strengthening and physical function remains unexplored.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Physiotherapy exercises modulate gut microbiome composition and changes in gut microbes are linked to improvements in muscle strength or function.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Secondary data analysis of samples from a randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2b.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from a 6-week randomized controlled trial of physiotherapy for knee pain were analyzed. Gut microbiota profiling utilized 16S sequencing. We compared intervention and control (usual care) groups using microbial diversity metrics. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) that changed after the program were identified with ALDEX2, and correlations between these ASVs and measures of physical function, muscle strength, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No diversity changes were observed between standard care (n = 43) and physiotherapy (n = 34). Physiotherapy led to significant increases in <i>Alistipes</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i>, <i>Clostridium sensu stricto 1</i>, and <i>Faecalibacterium</i> ASVs. Of these, <i>Clostridium sensu stricto 1</i> and <i>Faecalibacterium</i> were associated with postintervention muscle strength. Increase in <i>Faecalibacterium</i> was correlated with a decrease in IL-6 in the physiotherapy group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Physiotherapy had modest effects on gut microbiome composition affecting 4 taxa. Increases in muscle strength were correlated with increases in 2 taxa including <i>Faecalibacterium. Faecalibacterium</i> was also linked to reduced inflammation. Improved walking speed was linked to an increase in <i>Alistipes</i> with no differences found for strength or squatting ability.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Improved gut microbiome composition is linked to better overall health outcomes, including enhanced immune function, reduced inflammation, and improved metabolic health. This is particularly relevant for patients with osteoarthritis, who are known to have a high prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities. Integrating physiotherapy protocols that positively influence the gut microbiome can thus enhance overall patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Changes in Hamstring Injury Risk Factors After a Session of High-Volume Maximal Sprinting Speed Efforts in Soccer Players.","authors":"Gerard Carmona, Lia Moreno-Simonet, Pedro Luís Cosio, Andrea Astrella, Daniel Fernández, Xavier Padullés, Joan Aureli Cadefau, Josep Maria Padullés, Jurdan Mendiguchia","doi":"10.1177/19417381241283814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241283814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maximal sprinting speed (MSS) overexposure is associated with increased risk of injury. This study aimed to describe changes in sprint performance-related factors and hamstring strain injury (HSI) risk factors after a high-volume sprinting session in soccer players.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>A high-volume sprinting session can induce acute changes in several sprint performance-related factors (sprint time and mechanical properties) and HSI risk factors (posterior chain muscle strength, hamstring range of motion, and dynamic lumbo-pelvic control [LPC], measured as changes in anterior pelvic tilt [APT] during maximal speed sprinting).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective observational case series.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen active male amateur soccer players participated. Changes in sprint performance-related factors and HSI risk factors were examined for 72 hours after high-volume MSS efforts (H-VMSSE) using a soccer-contextualized multifactorial approach. Muscle damage proxy markers (hamstring perceived soreness and creatine kinase) were also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>H-VMSSE induced decrements in sprint performance-related factors. Significant reductions in theoretical maximal horizontal velocity (<i>P</i> < 0.01; effect size [ES], -0.71) and performance (<i>P</i> = 0.02; ES, -0.59) were observed for 48 and 72 hours after H-VMSSE. Small but significant reductions in posterior chain muscle force-generating capacity were detected for 48 and 72 hours after H-VMSSE for the nondominant (<i>P</i> < 0.03; ES, -0.60) and dominant (<i>P</i> < 0.04; ES, -0.40) leg. Finally, players exhibited persistent small, albeit nonsignificant (<i>P</i> = 0.06; ES, 0.53), decreases in dynamic LPC (APT increases) for 72 hours after H-VMSSE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>H-VMSSE induced declines in both sprint performance-related factors and HSI risk factors. Sprinting can alter a player's anatomic structure by increasing APT during the maximum speed phase of the sprint.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>A soccer-contextualized multifactorial approach might allow for the regulation of MSS dosage depending on individual HSI risk factor status, thereby serving as a tailored \"vaccine\" for sprinting needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Incidence of Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in High School and Collegiate Softball Athletes: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Nichelle M Enata, Paul M Inclan, Robert H Brophy, Derrick Knapik, Matthew V Smith","doi":"10.1177/19417381241280643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241280643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Despite increased youth and adolescent participation in fast-pitch softball and the reporting of upper extremity injuries, there remains a relative paucity of research examining shoulder and elbow injuries in high school and collegiate softball athletes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the reported incidence, setting, and positional factors associated with shoulder and elbow injuries in high school and collegiate fast-pitch softball players.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Ovid, Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Central, and Clinicaltrials.gov.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>English-language articles reporting the incidence of shoulder and/or elbow injuries occurring in high school or collegiate fast-pitch softball players were included. Biomechanical studies, review articles, abstract only texts, previous systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were excluded.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Systematic review.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Two reviewers independently evaluated studies. Data related to the reported incidence of shoulder and elbow injuries, injury setting, position, and rate of return to play after injury were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 22 studies were identified. In high school athletes, shoulder injury rates ranged from 0.88 to 1.14 per 10,000 athletic exposures (AE), with elbow injury rates ranging from 0.41 to 0.71 per 10,000 AE. In collegiate athletes, reported injury rates ranged from 3.76 to 5.93 per 10,000 AE for shoulder and 1.5 to 3.39 per 10,000 AE for elbow injuries. Shoulder and elbow injuries were reported more commonly during competition in high school athletes, and with greater frequency in the practice setting in collegiate athletes. No association between injury incidence and position was appreciated at either the high school or collegiate level. Most (81%-96%) athletes were able to return to sport within 3 weeks of injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of shoulder and elbow injuries was greater in collegiate softball athletes than in high school athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2024 Reviewer List.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/19417381241288801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241288801","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilates Dosage in Rehabilitation of Patients With Musculoskeletal Conditions: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Aikaterini Pantelis Sivrika,Georgios Kypraios,Demetris Lamnisos,George Georgoudis,Dimitrios Stasinopoulos","doi":"10.1177/19417381241278263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241278263","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXTPilates exercise is commonly used in the rehabilitation of individuals with musculoskeletal conditions, but dosing parameters for optimal outcomes are unclear. Large variations exist in Pilates-based protocols, and research related to specific dosing is sparse.OBJECTIVETo identify optimal dose parameters of Pilates exercise when applied to the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal conditions.DATA SOURCESEnglish-language articles published up to February 2023, in the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Pedro databases.STUDY SELECTIONArticles where patients 20-60 years old with musculoskeletal conditions received a Pilates-based exercise intervention and reported quantification of treatment dose. A total of 72 full-text articles were assessed, with 14 meeting inclusion criteria.STUDY DESIGNScoping review.DATA EXTRACTIONTwo investigators (A.P.S., G.K.) independently identified all proposed Pilates-based protocols and outcome measures from the included studies.RESULTSFrom the 1667 references initially found in 4 databases, 14 studies were included of which 13 were randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental (612 patients) and 1 was a Cochrane review (19,642 patients). Eight studies were of high methodological quality. The most frequent musculoskeletal condition examined was chronic low back pain. Pilates dosage regarding total intervention duration ranged from 6 to 16 weeks, but the most frequent duration reported was 8 weeks and 2 to 3 sessions per week with sessions lasting 50 to 60 minutes.CONCLUSIONThis review suggests that there are clinically relevant Pilates dosing parameters that result in improved outcomes for patients with musculoskeletal disorders.","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142266027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait Characteristics and Deviation Factors of Backward Walking in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability","authors":"Lei Zhang, Tianyu Liu, Xin Zhou, Junyao Chen, Haopeng Zhang, Rao Leng, Houyin Shi, Guoyou Wang","doi":"10.1177/19417381241277804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241277804","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Despite growing applications of backward walking (BW) in assessing and rehabilitating neuromuscular conditions, its effects on gait in chronic ankle instability (CAI) remain unclear. Moreover, linking patient-reported and clinically generated measures is imperative for understanding CAI.Hypotheses:Patients with CAI will exhibit worse and compensatory spatio-temporal and kinetic gait parameters during BW, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) will be correlated significantly with gait parameters.Study Design:Case-control study.Level of Evidence:Level 4.Methods:A total of 46 volunteers participated (23 per group). Patients filled out scales for pain, functions, and fear-avoidance beliefs before testing. All participants walked 6 times each in both forward and backward conditions, and gait was recorded using the Win-Track system. A 2-way mixed analysis of variance was performed to compare gait parameters. The relationship between PRO and gait outcomes was assessed through the Pearson product correlation coefficient.Results:The CAI group demonstrated prolonged support and swing phases, increased walk-off angle, and plantar pressure area, but decreased step length and plantar pressure versus controls ( P &lt; 0.05). The CAI group had a smaller right walk-off angle during BW than FW; the control group showed the opposite ( P &lt; 0.05). The left single stance duration was greater in the CAI group, while the right was not ( P &lt; 0.05). PRO correlated significantly with gait parameters, particularly spatial parameters ( P &lt; 0.05).Conclusion:The CAI group exhibited worse gait parameters during BW. The CAI group exhibited a characteristic compensatory gait pattern. Linking the self-reported scores provides a better representation of gait changes in CAI.Clinical Relevance:These results suggest that BW may be an effective strategy for identifying and evaluating CAI. It may be feasible to apply BW to the rehabilitation of CAI.","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142266028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Weight Distribution in the Foot on Balance and Plantar Pressure in Female Adolescent Athletes","authors":"Senay Cerezci-Duygu, Hazal Sarak-Kucukosmanoglu, Aydan Aytar","doi":"10.1177/19417381241277796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241277796","url":null,"abstract":"Background:It is widely reported that the weight distribution in each foot is approximately 60% in the rearfoot and 40% in the forefoot. For balance training, it is recommended to transfer some weight to the forefoot. However, it is still unclear whether fore-rear foot weightbearing ratio affects balance and plantar pressure parameters.Hypothesis:There is a relationship between the forefoot weightbearing ratio and balance and plantar pressure in female adolescent athletes.Study Design:Cross-sectional study.Level of Evidence:Level 3.Methods:A total of 91 adolescent female athletes aged between 10 and 19 years were included in the study. Weightbearing ratios of the forefoot, balance, and plantar pressure were assessed using a plantar pressure platform (FootWork, AMCube IST). In the static and stabilometric evaluation, the weightbearing ratio (%), mean and maximum plantar pressure (kPa), center of pressure (CoP) total, antero-posterior and medio-lateral sway length (cm), CoP surface area (cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>), and length over area (cm<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup>) were recorded. In the dynamic evaluation, the maximum pressure (kPa) acting on each foot was recorded.Results:Two groups with forefoot weightbearing ratio &lt;40% and ≥40% were compared. Maximum pressure values in static conditions, CoP anteroposterior, and total sway length were significantly different between these groups. In addition, as the amount of load transferred to the forefoot increased, CoP total and anteroposterior sway length increased postural stability.Conclusion:Although postural control mechanisms are quite complex, plantar pressure and postural control parameters can be varied by optimizing rear-to-fore foot weight transfer.Clinical Relevance:This study will contribute to the development of appropriate training and rehabilitation strategies to optimize athlete performance and reduce injury risk.","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Shoulder and Elbow Pathology in Major League Baseball Prospects From the Dominican Republic.","authors":"Thomas A Fortney, Andrew J Luzzi, Zachary M Tenner, Kevin Ma, Brandon L Rogalski, Christopher S Ahmad","doi":"10.1177/19417381241277790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241277790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rates of shoulder and elbow pathology are well documented among competitive baseball players in the United States; however, little is known about the prevalence of these pathologies in the Dominican Republic (DR).</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the epidemiology of shoulder and elbow pathology among participants at a Major League Baseball scouting event in Santo Domingo, DR.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective descriptive study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All pitchers and position players who attended the 2021 scouting event were reviewed. Those with complete medical history, physical examination, imaging series, and radiology reports were included. All participants underwent shoulder and elbow radiography, while pitchers also underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All pathologic findings on imaging studies were recorded and compared among position players and pitchers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-five participants (average age, 17.9 years) were reviewed (42 position players, 33 pitchers); 72% and 32% had ≥1 abnormal finding on elbow and shoulder radiographs, respectively. Position players had significantly higher numbers of elbow radiographic findings compared with pitchers (81% vs 57.6%, <i>P</i> = 0.03) but similar numbers on shoulder radiograph (28.6% vs 33.3%, <i>P</i> = 0.66). Position players had high numbers of acromioclavicular separation (14.3%) and little leaguer's shoulder (14.3%) on shoulder radiograph, with olecranon osteophytes (23.8%) and medial epicondyle nonunions (11.9%) prevalent on elbow radiograph. Pitchers had high numbers of rotator cuff pathology (93.9%), labral tears (75.8%), and Bennett lesions (51.5%). On elbow imaging, pitchers had high numbers of ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) abnormalities (81.8%), olecranon osteophytes (69.7%), osteochondral lesions (18.2%), and medial epicondyle nonunions (12.1%). Two pitchers had complete UCL disruption (6.1%), while 8 had partial tears (24.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dominican baseball prospects had high numbers of asymptomatic shoulder and elbow pathology on imaging studies. Knowledge of the prevalence of these pathologies can guide injury prevention programs in Dominican youth baseball.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}