Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiology of Injuries Among National Basketball Association Players: 2013-2014 Through 2018-2019.","authors":"Christina D Mack, Mackenzie M Herzog, Travis G Maak, Asheesh Bedi, Rahul Gondalia, Peter Meisel, Frederick M Azar, Jimmie Mancell, Aaron Nelson, John DiFiori","doi":"10.1177/19417381241258482","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241258482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the epidemiology of injuries to athletes is essential to informing injury prevention efforts.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>The incidence and impact of basketball-related injuries among National Basketball Association (NBA) players from 2013-2014 through 2018-2019 is relatively stable over time.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive epidemiology study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Injuries from 2013-2014 through 2018-2019 were analyzed using the NBA Injury and Illness Database from an electronic medical record system. Descriptive statistics were calculated for injuries by season, game-loss, and onset. Incidence rates were estimated using Poisson models and linear trend tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 552 and 606 players participated in ≥1 game per season during the study. Annual injury incidence ranged from 1550 to 1892, with 33.6% to 38.5% resulting in a missed NBA game. Game-loss injury rates ranged from 5.6 to 7.0 injuries per 10,000 player-minutes from 2014-2015 through 2018-2019 (<i>P</i> = 0.19); the rate was lower in 2013-2014 (5.0 injuries per 10,000 player-minutes), partly due to increased preseason injury rates and transition of reporting processes. The 6-year game-loss injury rate in preseason and regular season games was 6.9 (95% CI 6.0, 8.0) and 6.2 (95% CI 6.0, 6.5) injuries per 10,000 player-minutes; the rate in playoff games was lower (<i>P</i> < 0.01) at 2.8 (95% CI 2.2, 3.6). Most (73%) game-loss injuries had acute onset; 44.4% to 52.5% of these involved contact with another player.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From 2013-2014 through 2018-2019, over one-third of injuries resulted in missed NBA games, with highest rates of game-loss injuries in preseason games and lowest rates in playoff games. Most game-loss injuries had acute onset, and half of those involved contact with another player.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings - through reliable data reporting by team medical staff in an audited system - can guide evidence-based injury reduction strategies and inform player health priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"585-593"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141322010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Progressive and Velocity-Based Autoregulatory Resistance Training on Lower-Limb Movement Ability in Taekwondo Athletes.","authors":"Zijing Huang, Jing Dai, Lunxin Chen, Liang Yang, Min Gong, Duanying Li, Jian Sun","doi":"10.1177/19417381241262024","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241262024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) and velocity-based resistance training (VBRT) utilize real-time monitoring of athlete physical performance to adjust training loads to provide appropriate training stimuli. However, the monitoring and adjustment approaches differ between both methods. This study aimed to compare the effects of APRE and VBRT on the muscle strength, power, and agility of college taekwondo athletes.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Eight weeks of APRE and VBRT will promote similar results to strength gains in regards maximal strength, but VBRT will be superior to APRE in explosive power and agility.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Clinical trial.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty taekwondo athletes were divided randomly into 2 groups (VBRT/APRE), and all participants completed an 8-week APRE/VBRT intervention. Maximum strength, explosive power, and agility performance were assessed during the squat 1-repetition maximum (1RM), countermovement jump (CMJ), drop jump (DJ), kicking strength test (KST), taekwondo-specific agility test (TSAT), and hexagon test (HT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Highly significant time effects (<i>P</i> < 0.01) were observed for squat 1RM, CMJ, and TSAT in both the APRE and VBRT groups. However, there were no significant group-by-time differences for any of the measured outcomes to intergroup (<i>P</i> > 0.05), but APRE had a small effect size (ES) over VBRT for CMJ (ES = 0.48, <math><mrow><mi>η</mi><mn>2</mn><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> = 0.06), TSAT (ES = 0.26, <math><mrow><mi>η</mi><mn>2</mn><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> = 0.02), and HT (ES = 0.42, <math><mrow><mi>η</mi><mn>2</mn><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An 8-week autoregulatory APRE and VBRT can both effectively improve both the maximal strength, explosive power, and agility performance of taekwondo athletes, with APRE exhibiting potential advantages in improving CMJ, TSAT, and HT.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These results provide important insights into the selection of suitable resistance training programs by professional coaches, taking into account athlete needs, training efficiency, and safety considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"545-555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 on Injury Incidence and Severity in Professional Female Football Players: A Cohort Prospective Study.","authors":"Víctor Moreno-Pérez, Javier Courel-Ibáñez, José María Oliva-Lozano, David Barrachina Celda, Miguel Ángel Buil, Israel Álvarez Miguel, Estrella Armada-Cortes, Pablo Gasulla-Angles, Honorio Martínez Martínez, Víctor Sebastía-Paredes, Joaquín González-Ródenas, Juan Del Coso","doi":"10.1177/19417381241262031","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241262031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Earlier statements suggested a negative impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on sports performance and injury risk. With the COVID-19 pandemic under control and the dominance of a less-severe strain of the virus, there is a need to confirm whether these adverse effects still apply to the current situation.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Infected players would have a higher noncontact muscle injury incidence compared with noninfected counterparts.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cohort observational study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven teams (n = 147 players) competing in the Spanish professional women's football league (Liga F) were prospectively monitored during the 2021-2022 season. Data from noncontact injuries were recorded and classified following the latest consensus statement from the International Olympic Committee. COVID-19 was certified by the medical staff by regular polymerase chain reaction analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-two players suffered at least 1 noncontact muscle injury during the season. Injury incidence during the season was similar in players with COVID-19 (n = 83) and players without infection (5.1 ± 6.7 versus 4.9 ± 10.0 injuries/1000 h of play, respectively; <i>P</i> = 0.90). Players with COVID-19 were not more likely to suffer noncontact injuries compared with those players without infection (<i>R</i>² = 0.02; odds ratio [OR] 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.36-1.38; <i>P</i> = 0.31). There was no effect of COVID-19 on the days of absence due to injury (<i>R</i>² = 0.01; OR 95% CI = 1.00-1.01; <i>P</i> = 0.44) or in the classification of the severity of the injury (<i>P</i> = 0.79).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>COVID-19 has no significant effect on noncontact injury incidence and severity in professional female football players.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Currently, COVID-19 infection does not alter noncontact muscle injury risk in professional football and requires no further attention in terms of injury management. Usual return-to-play protocols apply to COVID-19 considering the particularities of each player since the severity of infection, period of inactivity, and effects on the player's health and performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"491-497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of High-Velocity Versus Low-Velocity Resistance Training on Muscle Echo Intensity in Healthy Young Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Zimin Wang, Masashi Taniguchi, Junya Saeki, Noriaki Ichihashi","doi":"10.1177/19417381241257181","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241257181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improving muscle quality to prevent and treat muscle dysfunction is critical. However, effective measures to improve muscle quality remain poorly understood. We investigated the effects of high- and low-velocity resistance training (RT) on muscle quality, mass, and function before and after an 8-week intervention.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>High-velocity RT would improve muscle quality more effectively than low-velocity RT.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 1.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 33 healthy young women (23.1 ± 2.2 years) were assigned randomly to high-velocity (n = 16) or low-velocity (n = 17) groups. Both groups underwent concentric knee extension RT with a 60% 1-repetition maximum (1RM) load, performing 10 repetitions of 4 sets, 3 times per week for 8 weeks. The high-velocity group was instructed to complete each repetition as quickly as possible (mean repetition duration of 0.5 seconds), while the low-velocity group was required to execute each repetition in 3 seconds. Before and after the 8-week intervention, quadriceps femoris echo intensity (EI), muscle thickness (MT), isokinetic peak torque (60 and 300 deg/s), rate of velocity development (RVD) at 300 deg/s, and 1RM were assessed. Split-plot factorial design analysis of variance was used to compare the group × time interaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A group×time interaction was observed for EI (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Only the high-velocity group showed a significant reduction in EI after the intervention. MT revealed a main effect of time (<i>P</i> < 0.01), with both groups significantly increasing MT. RVD showed a group × time interaction (<i>P</i> < 0.05), with significant increase only in the high-velocity group. Isokinetic peak torque and 1RM showed main effects of time (<i>P</i> < 0.01), with significant increases in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-velocity RT may be superior to low-velocity RT in enhancing muscle quality and RVD.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These results emphasize the importance of RT velocity for muscle quality improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"637-645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Injection Strategies on Patients With Patellar Tendonitis (Jumpers' Knee): A Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Shaowei Wang, Buwei Lyu","doi":"10.1177/19417381241263338","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241263338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Patellar tendonitis (PT) is a common degenerative disease of the patellar tendon that seriously affects the sports careers of elite athletes and activities of daily living of sports enthusiasts. Injection therapy is a prevalent invasive treatment for PT.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This work comprehensively analyzes various injection treatments for PT that consider agent type and characteristics, frequency, and assessment timepoints by meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were sources of data.</p><p><strong>Data selection: </strong>Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) analyzing the effect of various injection strategies on the treatment of patients with PT were considered.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>First author, year of publication, research location, registration information, patient type, sample size, age, sex, intervention, control treatment, and follow-up period in each study were extracted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen RCTs were included in the analysis. In the network meta-analysis of Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Patellar (VISA-P) outcomes, polidocanol (standardized mean difference (SMD), 6.52; 95% CI 4.75, 8.30; <i>P</i> < 0.01), tenocyte-like cells (SMD, 4.08; 95% CI 2.92, 5.25; <i>P</i> < 0.01), and leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP) plus high-volume image-guided injection (HVIGI) (SMD, 1.56; 95% CI 0.62, 2.50; <i>P</i> < 0.01) were significantly superior to noninjection conservative treatment, mainly at the 6-month follow-up timepoint. For visual analog scale results, multiple dry needling (DN) (SMD, -1.78; 95% CI -2.56, -1.00; <i>P</i> < 0.01), LP-PRP (SMD, -0.71; 95% CI -1.31, -0.12; <i>P</i> = 0.02), and LP-PRP plus HVIGI (SMD, -1.31; 95% CI -2.22, -0.39; <i>P</i> < 0.01) were significantly superior to blank, which was also mainly at the 6-month timepoint.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Injection-related treatments: polidocanol, tenocyte-like cells, LP-PRP, and multiple DN showed potential short (1-3 months) or medium (6 months)-term treatment benefits. There is still no evidence for injection interventions with long-term therapeutic benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"556-563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Locomotor and Physiological Demands of Small-Sided Soccer Games in Wildcard and Regular Players: Effects of Goalkeepers and Type of Wildcard.","authors":"Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández, Filipe M Clemente, Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo, Javier Sánchez-Sánchez","doi":"10.1177/19417381241257175","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241257175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Small-sided games (SSGs) are frequent training drills in soccer. This study investigated whether type of game (ie, with/without goalkeepers) and wildcard ( without vs internal vs external wildcard) impact the physiological (heartrate [HR]) and locomotor (total distance [TD] covered) demands in regular and wildcard players and to evaluate between-player and within-player variability.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Demands are influenced by wildcard and game type, with higher demand (distance covered at high intensities and sprint speed) in regular players and with higher variability in SSG with wildcard players.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive/comparative study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four soccer players completed 6 SSG as 3 versus 3 without (NG) or with (GK) goalkeepers, and with internal (NG+IW and GK+IW) and external (NG+EW and GK+EW) wildcard. Average HR (HR_avg), rate of perceived exertion, and locomotor demands (TD, medium [MID = 7.0-13.9 km h^-1], high [HID = 14.0-20.9 km h^-1] and sprint [SPD >21.0 km h^-1] distance and peak speed [PS]) were registered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The inclusion of GK and internal wildcard led to decreased HR_avg and TD in regular players. Wildcard players positioned internally exhibited higher TD, PS, and lower HR_avg than externally positioned wildcards. Regular players demonstrated higher TD, PS, MID, HID, HR_avg and time spent in Z3 (>90% HR_max) compared with wildcard players in SSG played with external wildcard. Regular and wildcard players displayed great between- and within-player variability in high-intensity metrics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Specific game type and wildcard inclusion impact the physiological and locomotor demands in SSG, with variations observed between regular and wildcard players.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study provides comprehensive information on the physiological and locomotor demands of SSG depending on the inclusion and position of goalkeepers and wildcards, which can be useful for strength and conditioning coaches when designing specific training tasks, individualizing training load and applying return-to-play programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"603-613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Differences in Abdominal Muscle Thickness, Strength, and Endurance in Persons Who Are Runners, Active, and Inactive\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/19417381241303176","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241303176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"648"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Psychological Variables and Time Since Surgery Related to Rotator Cuff Strength and Functional Performance in Cadets After Shoulder Stabilization Surgery?","authors":"Preston C Casper, Timothy Benedict, Jamie Morris, Paige McHenry, Max Dummar, Michael S Crowell","doi":"10.1177/19417381241270360","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241270360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traumatic shoulder instability is a common injury in the general population and the military. Surgical stabilization surgery reduces recurrence rates compared with nonsurgical management. Time since surgery is generally the primary measure of return to sport. There is a gap in knowledge on psychological variables and time since surgery and their relationship to rotator cuff strength and functional performance.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>It was hypothesized that, after shoulder stabilization surgery, psychological factors and time since surgery will be associated positively with objective physical performance tests, that physical performance will differ significantly between postsurgery cadets and healthy controls, and that surgical stabilization of the nondominant arm will demonstrate greater range of motion deficits than surgical intervention on the dominant arm.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Case-control study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 52 participants (26 postsurgical [6-24 months after surgery] and 26 healthy controls) were all military cadets. Outcome measures were patient-reported outcomes, range of motion, isometric strength, and functional performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant relationships existed between time since surgery and psychological factors to rotator cuff strength or functional performance. Significant differences were found between groups in self-reported outcomes, including the Shoulder Instability Return to Sport After Injury scale, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, quickDASH, flexion and external rotation (ER), and ER limb symmetry. Those who received dominant-sided shoulder surgery demonstrated a greater mean active range of motion deficit than those who received nondominant-sided surgery. Both groups demonstrated a significant loss in ER, but dominant-sided surgical participants also demonstrated significant flexion loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Time since surgery and psychological variables did not demonstrate a relationship to rotator cuff strength and functional performance. Significant differences existed between the stabilization surgical participants and healthy controls in all patient-reported outcomes. Surgical participants with dominant-sided shoulder surgery demonstrated a greater mean motion deficit when compared with those who received nondominant-sided surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"523-532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Evaluation of Isometric Maximal Muscle Strength in an Orthopaedic Cohort.","authors":"Robert Ossendorff, Lisa-Marie Lauter, Sebastian G Walter, Marco Sowa, Gordon Haeder, Gian M Salzmann","doi":"10.1177/19417381241273295","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241273295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although the lower extremities are essential for movement function and human gait, no normalized isometric maximum strength values, which include the factors gender, age, weight, height, and body mass index (BMI), have been defined to date for orthopaedic patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically analyze the isometric maximal muscle strength of a cohort in an orthopaedic outpatient clinic and to evaluate its relation to gender, age, weight, height, BMI, and the differences between diseases.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isometric maximal muscle strength of knee extension, knee flexion, hip abduction, and hip adduction was measured in orthopaedic patients of an outpatient clinic using a specific muscle strength measurement device. Correlation analysis was performed for age, gender, height, weight, and BMI. Patients were grouped by disease characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort consisted of 311 subjects (sex: 164 male, 147 female; age: 48.63 years, SD = 16.595; BMI: 26.56 kg/m², SD = 4.9). Age correlated significantly with maximal isometric muscle strength. At the age of 54 years onward, based on 133 patients, a decline in maximum isometric muscle strength was detected. Gender showed a strong influence on maximal isometric muscle strength, with significantly higher values for male patients. Furthermore, weight and height, but not BMI, correlated significantly with muscle strength.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For clinical studies comparing different evidence-based training interventions for rehabilitation, it is important to consider determinants such as gender, age, weight, and height for isometric maximum strength measurement. For further validation, follow-up examinations taking into account the performance level, other target groups, and other muscle groups are required to avoid the wide dispersion of isometric maximum strength values. These results and associated determinants are highly clinically relevant and can be used as a reference for further studies in the field of musculoskeletal regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"629-636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diving Into the Health Problems of Competitive Divers: A Systematic Review of Injuries and Illnesses in Pre-elite and Elite Diving Athletes.","authors":"Benjamin M Currie, Michael K Drew, Michael Hetherington, Gordon Waddington, Nicholas A T Brown, Liam A Toohey","doi":"10.1177/19417381241255329","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381241255329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The Olympic sport of diving involves the competitive disciplines of 3 m springboard and 10 m platform. Although it is generally accepted that lumbar spine injuries are common in diving athletes, the existing literature of health problems in diving athletes remains scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the incidence, prevalence, and type of health problems that occur in competitive diving athletes.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Medline, EMBASE, SportsDiscus, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Studies written in English investigating elite or pre-elite competitive diving (springboard, platform) injuries and/or illnesses were eligible. Two independent reviewers screened for inclusion by title, abstract, and full text in accordance with the eligibility criteria.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Systematic review.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Data extraction was completed by 1 author using a structured form. A second author then independently reviewed and verified the extracted data, any discrepancies were resolved through consensus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search identified 2554 potential articles, with 28 studies meeting eligibility criteria. The surveillance setting of most studies was restricted to competition-based events, with the reported injury incidence proportion ranging from 2.1% to 22.2%. The reported injury incidence rate ranged from 1.9 to 15.5 per 1000 athlete-exposures. Injuries to the shoulder, lower back/lumbar spine, trunk, and wrist/hand were reported most frequently. The prevalence of low back pain was reported as high as 89% (lifetime), 43.1% (period), and 37.3% (point). The illness incidence proportion ranged from 0.0% to 22.2%, with respiratory and gastrointestinal illness reported most frequently.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Up to 1 in 5 diving athletes sustain an injury and/or illness during periods of competition. A reporting bias was observed, with most cohort studies limiting surveillance to short competition-based periods only. This limits the current understanding of the health problems experienced by diving athletes to competition periods only and requires expansion to whole-of-year surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"594-602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}