Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society最新文献

{"title":"Study of functional lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery using new ionizable tocopherol derivatives","authors":"Minyoung Choi,&nbsp;Onesun Jung,&nbsp;Eunjung Lee,&nbsp;Joon Sig Choi","doi":"10.1002/bkcs.12909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.12909","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, tocopherol-derived ionizable lipids were synthesized to create functional lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery. Tocopherol succinate is considered a biocompatible material because it has anti-cancer effects and degrades into vitamin E in the body. Two types of new ionizable tocopherol derivative lipids (DMT and AIT) were synthesized by introducing ionizable functional groups. The synthesized tocopherol lipids were used to make lipid nanoparticles with helper lipid, cholesterol, and PEG-DMG. The DMT LNP showed high mRNA encapsulation efficiency. Using HeLa cell lines, it was confirmed that gene transfection efficiency was increased approximately 2-fold in DMT LNP-treated cells compared to that of MC3 LNP. The two types of tocopherol derivative lipids exhibited high cell viability of over 90%, confirming very low levels of toxicity. The results of this study confirmed that lipid nanoparticles using newly developed ionizable tocopherol derivatives have potential as biocompatible and effective mRNA delivery vehicles.</p>","PeriodicalId":54252,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society","volume":"45 11","pages":"929-936"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetic synthesis of fluvirosaone A","authors":"Gyumin Kang,&nbsp;Sunkyu Han","doi":"10.1002/bkcs.12907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.12907","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past century, biomimetic synthesis has significantly enhanced our understanding of the biosynthetic pathways involved in the formation of natural products. In this article, we present a two-step biomimetic synthesis of fluvirosaone A from 2,3-dehydroallosecurinine, featuring a Nazarov-type cyclization as the key step. Based on our synthetic results and computational analysis, we propose an alternative biosynthetic route for fluvirosaone A, identifying pyruvaldehyde as the likely source of the extraneous three carbons incorporated into the securinega skeleton.</p>","PeriodicalId":54252,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society","volume":"45 11","pages":"876-879"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bkcs.12907","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stretchable conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS treated with hard-cation-soft-anion ionic liquid designed from molecular modeling","authors":"Yves Lansac,&nbsp;Changwon Choi,&nbsp;Yun Hee Jang","doi":"10.1002/bkcs.12908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.12908","url":null,"abstract":"<p>PEDOT:PSS, an ionic polymer mixture of positively-charged poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT⁺) and negatively-charged poly-styrenesulfonate (PSS⁻), is a water-processable and environmentally-benign organic semiconductor and electrochemical transistor, which plays a key role in organic (bio)electronic devices. However, pristine PEDOT:PSS films form 10-to-30-nm granular domains, where conducting-but-hydrophobic PEDOT-rich cores are surrounded by hydrophilic-but-insulating PSS-rich shells. Such morphology makes PEDOT:PSS water-soluble and thermally stable but very poor in conductivity. A tremendous amount of effort has been made to enhance the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS by restoring the extended conduction network of PEDOT. Recently, remarkable ~5000-fold improvements of conductivity have been achieved by mixing PEDOT:PSS with proper ionic liquids (ILs). In a series of free energy estimations using density functional theory calculation and molecular dynamics simulation, we have demonstrated that the classic hard-soft acid–base (or cation-anion) principle of chemistry plays an important role in such improvements. Ion exchange between PEDOT⁺:PSS⁻ and A⁺:X⁻ ILs helps PEDOT⁺ to decouple from PSS⁻ and to grow into large-scale conducting domains of π-stacked PEDOT⁺ decorated by IL anions X⁻. Thus, the most spontaneous decoupling between soft (hydrophobic) PEDOT⁺ and hard (hydrophilic) PSS⁻ would be induced by strong interaction with soft anions X⁻ and hard cations A⁺, respectively. Such hard-cation-soft-anion principles have led us to design ILs containing extremely hydrophilic (i.e., protic) cations and hydrophobic anions. Not only they indeed improve the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS but also enhance its stretchability as well. In summary, our modeling offered molecular-level insights on the morphological, electrical, and mechanical properties of PEDOT:PSS and a molecular-interaction-based enhancement strategy for intrinsically stretchable conductive polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":54252,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society","volume":"45 11","pages":"896-905"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bkcs.12908","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced signal to noise ratio of single entity electrochemistry signal of platinum nanoparticles using passive silver ultramicroelectrode","authors":"Seongkyeong Yoon,&nbsp;Jaedo Na,&nbsp;Sun Gyu Moon,&nbsp;Heewon Kim,&nbsp;Ki Jun Kim,&nbsp;Seong Jung Kwon","doi":"10.1002/bkcs.12905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.12905","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The single-entity electrochemistry (SEE) of electrocatalytic platinum (Pt) single nanoparticles (NPs) on a less electrocatalytic silver (Ag) ultramicroelectrode (UME) surface was investigated using the electrocatalytic amplification method. Two characteristic types of current responses—current staircases and blips (or spikes)—were observed during single NP collision experiments, depending on the applied potential at the Ag UME. Notably, at applied potentials of 0.13 and 0.17 V, the Ag UME becomes passive due to the formation of a delicate oxide layer, resulting in a highly stable background current. This leads to an enhanced signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, attributed to the low background current, when using Ag UME compared to commonly used UMEs such as Au, C, Ni, and Hg for the SEE of Pt NPs. The exceptionally low background current can provide a significant advantage for detailed observation of SEE signals and further mechanistic studies based on the current response.</p>","PeriodicalId":54252,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society","volume":"45 11","pages":"911-919"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in utilizing surface-features of naturally derived nanocellulose and nanochitin for self-cleaning and purifying applications","authors":"Donggyu Lee,&nbsp;Jun Mo Koo,&nbsp;Yumi Cho,&nbsp;Jinsik Kim,&nbsp;Soyeon Kim,&nbsp;Dongyeop X. Oh,&nbsp;Hyeonyeol Jeon,&nbsp;Jeyoung Park","doi":"10.1002/bkcs.12906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.12906","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent advancements in the utilization of naturally derived nanocellulose and nanochitin/chitosan have opened new avenues for self-cleaning and purification applications to address environmental challenges. This review highlights the unique structural properties of bio-based nanofibers, which are typically rich in hydroxyl groups that enhance their functionality in various industrial sectors. Through appropriate chemical modification, they can perform specific functions facilitated by carboxylic acids or amine groups. We explored the mechanisms by which these materials facilitate oil/water separation, ultrafiltration, and self-cleaning processes, including the incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles, such as TiO₂, to improve hydrophilicity and oleophobicity. Furthermore, this review discusses innovative fabrication techniques, such as spray-assisted layer-by-layer assembly, which enhance the performance of nanofiber-based coatings. We examined the potential of these materials for diverse applications, including food packaging, wastewater treatment, and personal protective equipment, emphasizing their role in promoting sustainable industrial practices. As the global emphasis on eco-friendly solutions intensifies, continued research and development of nanocellulose and nanochitin is expected to drive significant advancements in materials science, paving the way for greener technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54252,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society","volume":"45 11","pages":"880-895"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bkcs.12906","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Picture: Synthesis and computational studies for halide-free, neutral, and bifunctional one-component ferrocene-based catalysts for the coupling of carbon dioxide and epoxides (BKCS 10/2024) Jieun Lee, Wooram Lee, Yoseph Kim, Mujin Choi, Seol Ryu, Joonkyung Jang, Youngjo Kim","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bkcs.12750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.12750","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image depicts the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from carbon dioxide and epoxides using a ferrocene-based catalyst in which two dimethylamino groups were introduced in the same Cp ring. The new catalyst does not need halide-based additives or tethered salts attached to ligands when used for this coupling reaction. More details are available in the article by Jienu Lee, Wooram Lee, Yoseph Kim, Mujin Choi, Seol Ryu, Joonkyung Jang, Youngjo Kim.\u0000\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":54252,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society","volume":"45 10","pages":"803"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bkcs.12750","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effective synthesis of unsymmetric tetrazines","authors":"Jiwon Hwang,&nbsp;Byeongjip Yoon,&nbsp;Sung-Eun Suh","doi":"10.1002/bkcs.12903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.12903","url":null,"abstract":"<p>1,2,4,5-Tetrazines serve as versatile two-carbon synthons, essential for synthesizing a variety of (hetero)aromatic compounds. Their specific reactivity with certain dienophiles, without interfering with biochemical processes, makes them ideal for bioorthogonal ligation. Despite their broad utility, current synthetic methods are costly and raise safety concerns, particularly during scale-up. This study introduces safer and more cost-effective synthetic strategies utilizing zinc chloride or boron trifluoride diethyl etherate as catalysts. These alternatives significantly reduce costs and enhance safety, potentially expanding the applicability of tetrazine synthesis across broader research domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":54252,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society","volume":"45 10","pages":"867-872"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bkcs.12903","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moisture-resistant nitroaromatic explosive gas sensor based on hydrophilic pentiptycene polymer","authors":"Gyeongsoo Kim,&nbsp;Sun Bu Lee,&nbsp;Jaeyoung Heo,&nbsp;Tae Eun An,&nbsp;Gang Min Lee,&nbsp;Junggong Kim,&nbsp;Keunyoung Kim,&nbsp;Jongman Lee,&nbsp;Han Yong Bae,&nbsp;Changsik Song","doi":"10.1002/bkcs.12902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.12902","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The detection of explosive materials, particularly nitroaromatic compounds such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), is critical for public safety and national security. Existing detection methods often require complex instrumentation, limiting their applicability for real-time or in-field use. Fluorescent sensors, which offer rapid and sensitive detection through fluorescence quenching, present a promising alternative. This study evaluates the performance of two pentiptycene-based polymers, P-1 and P-2, in detecting explosive vapors, with a specific focus on their behavior under high-humidity conditions. P-2, modified with triethylene glycol groups, demonstrated significantly increased hydrophilicity compared to the commonly studied P-1, as confirmed by contact angle measurements. Spectroscopic analysis revealed a blue shift in P-2's UV–Vis absorption and photoluminescence spectra, indicating electronic property changes due to structural modifications. The enhanced hydrophilicity of P-2 enabled it to maintain stable sensing performance under moist conditions, showing less than a 10% reduction in sensitivity, compared to the 20% decrease observed in P-1. This superior moisture resistance suggests that P-2 is a more robust and practical sensor for explosive detection in environments with variable humidity levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":54252,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society","volume":"45 10","pages":"828-834"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and computational studies for halide-free, neutral, and bifunctional one-component ferrocene-based catalysts for the coupling of carbon dioxide and epoxides","authors":"Jieun Lee,&nbsp;Wooram Lee,&nbsp;Yoseph Kim,&nbsp;Mujin Choi,&nbsp;Seol Ryu,&nbsp;Joonkyung Jang,&nbsp;Youngjo Kim","doi":"10.1002/bkcs.12901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.12901","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We used stable and nontoxic [(dimethylamino)methyl]ferrocene (<b>Fc-N</b>), (hydroxymethyl)ferrocene (<b>Fc-O</b>), 1,2-bis[(dimethylamino)methyl]ferrocene (<b>Fc-N2</b>), and 1-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)ferrocene (<b>Fc-NO</b>) as halide-free, neutral, and bifunctional one-component catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates. They do not need halide-based additives or tethered salts attached to ligands when used for this coupling reaction. Among them, <b>Fc-N2</b> exhibited the best catalytic activity under the same reaction conditions. Catalytic activity decreased rapidly in the order <b>Fc-N2</b> &gt; <b>Fc-NO</b> &gt; <b>Fc-N</b> &gt; <b>Fc-O</b>, and interestingly, the more amino groups introduced into the Cp groups, the higher the activity. Various terminal and internal epoxides were easily converted into the corresponding cyclic carbonates. Calculations based on the density functional theory were also carried out to elucidate the mechanism of the coupling reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":54252,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society","volume":"45 10","pages":"821-827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EPR spectroscopy: A versatile tool for exploring transition metal complexes in organometallic and bioinorganic chemistry","authors":"Minyoung Ju,&nbsp;Jin Kim,&nbsp;Jeongcheol Shin","doi":"10.1002/bkcs.12899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.12899","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Paramagnetic molecules, such as main-group radicals and transition metal complexes, play crucial roles in catalytic and enzymatic reactions in organometallic and bioinorganic chemistry. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy emerges as a powerful tool for probing the intricate electronic and geometric structures of these molecules. The application of EPR spectroscopy spans a wide spectrum of chemical entities, from simple radicals to transition metal complexes, metalloproteins, and metal clusters, emphasizing its versatility across various fields of chemistry. This review introduces the EPR spectra of transition metal complexes, offering a comprehensive theoretical foundation along with illustrative examples from both bioinorganic and organometallic chemistry. These examples highlight the effectiveness of EPR spectroscopy in characterizing transition metal complexes, reinforcing our understanding of their structure and reactivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54252,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society","volume":"45 10","pages":"835-862"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bkcs.12899","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}