Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Major Depressive Disorder and Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers as Predictors of Reward-Processing Dysfunction in an American Indian Sample","authors":"Lizbeth Rojas,&nbsp;Eric Mann,&nbsp;Xi Ren,&nbsp;Danielle Bethel,&nbsp;Nicole Baughman,&nbsp;Kaiping Burrows,&nbsp;Rayus Kuplicki,&nbsp;Leandra K. Figueroa-Hall,&nbsp;Robin L. Aupperle,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Stewart,&nbsp;Salvador M. Guinjoan,&nbsp;Sahib S. Khalsa,&nbsp;Jonathan Savitz,&nbsp;Martin P. Paulus,&nbsp;Ricardo A. Wilhelm,&nbsp;Neha A. John-Henderson,&nbsp;Hung-Wen Yeh,&nbsp;Evan J. White","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>American Indians (AIs) experience chronic stressors that may be associated with disproportionate prevalence rates of major depressive disorder (MDD). Stress affects mental health through increased inflammatory processes and has been associated with increased risk of MDD and disruptions to reward processing. In this study, we investigated the role of inflammation in reward-processing disruptions among AI individuals with lifetime MDD, a population at heightened risk due to chronic stressors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants (<em>N</em> = 73) completed a monetary incentive delay task during simultaneous electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Blood samples were analyzed for proinflammatory (tumor necrosis factor [TNF], interleukin 6 [IL-6], C-reactive protein [CRP]) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) biomarkers. Depression severity was assessed using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression scale. Covariates were included and assessed using self-report measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Regression analyses revealed that elevated TNF concentrations and sex were associated with reduced activation across subregions of the basal ganglia during gain anticipation. Similarly, TNF and CRP concentrations, as well as medication, were associated with reduced activation within basal ganglia subregions across loss anticipation. IL-10, IL-6, and P300 showed limited predictive value for neural responses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that inflammation may contribute to reward<strong>-</strong>processing disruptions by impairing striatal function in a sample with lifetime MDD. The observed associations underscore the importance of inflammation’s potential role in and association with the pathophysiology of MDD, particularly in contexts of chronic stress. This study highlights the need to address the disproportionate mental health burden in AI communities through a biopsychosocial approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 9","pages":"Pages 1051-1061"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subscribers' Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2451-9022(26)00238-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2451-9022(26)00238-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 9","pages":"Page A2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148916160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive Astrocytes and Network Functional Connectivity Underlying Cognitive Symptoms in Schizophrenia: A Positron Emission Tomography and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study","authors":"Sunah Choi,&nbsp;Minah Kim,&nbsp;Sang Soo Cho,&nbsp;Harin Oh,&nbsp;Woori Choi,&nbsp;Taekwan Kim,&nbsp;Jongrak Kim,&nbsp;Jungha Lee,&nbsp;Su-Jin An,&nbsp;Jun Seo Hwang,&nbsp;Yun-Sang Lee,&nbsp;In Chan Song,&nbsp;Sun Young Moon,&nbsp;Silvia Kyungjin Lho,&nbsp;Jun Soo Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive symptoms are among the core features of schizophrenia, but their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Current hypotheses suggest that alterations in the frontal cortex cause network dysfunction, thereby contributing to cognitive symptoms. Growing evidence links reactive astrocytes with cognitive function and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. We aimed to investigate in vivo reactive astrocyte signals in the dysconnected networks underlying cognitive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>[¹⁸F]THK5351 positron emission tomography (PET) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained from 32 patients with schizophrenia and 32 age- and sex-matched healthy control participants. [¹⁸F]THK5351 PET was used to measure monoamine oxidase B, a marker of reactive astrocytes. We performed network analysis to identify dysconnected subnetworks related to cognitive symptoms and examined reactive astrocyte signals in these subnetwork regions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients showed impaired verbal learning (<em>F</em>_1,₆₁ = 18.97, <em>p</em> &lt; .001) and memory (<em>F</em>_1,₆₁ = 24.31, <em>p</em> &lt; .001). In patients, reduced left medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC)–left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left mOFC–right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex connectivity predicted impaired verbal learning (β = 0.45, <em>p</em> = .011) and memory (β = 0.56, <em>p</em> = .001), respectively. The PET standardized uptake value ratio was greater in the left mOFC in patients than in controls (<em>t</em>₆₂ = −2.61, <em>p</em> = .011).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We found evidence of increased reactive astrocyte activity in the key region of the dysconnected network underlying cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. These results suggest a potential link between reactive astrocytes in the mOFC and the pathophysiology underlying cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 9","pages":"Pages 1188-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146133016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging Astrogliosis in Schizophrenia: Some Methodological Considerations","authors":"Mark Slifstein","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 9","pages":"Pages 1048-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Neural Activity Profiles Underlying Inhibitory Control Deficits of Clinical Relevance in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Insights From Electroencephalography Tensor Decomposition","authors":"Negin Gholamipourbarogh,&nbsp;Veit Roessner,&nbsp;Annet Bluschke,&nbsp;Christian Beste","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder that affects cognitive control processes. While neurophysiological data (e.g., electroencephalography [EEG] data) have provided valuable insights into its underlying mechanisms, fully understanding the altered cognitive functions in ADHD requires advanced analytical approaches capable of capturing the highly dimensional nature of neurophysiological data more effectively.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined 59 individuals with ADHD and 63 neurotypical participants using a standard Go/NoGo task to assess response inhibition. We used EEG tensor decomposition to extract spectral, temporal, spatial, and trial-level features associated with inhibitory control deficits in ADHD. The trial-level features capture intraindividual variability, which is then used in a machine learning analysis to differentiate individuals with ADHD from neurotypical participants. We also applied a feature selection algorithm to identify the most important features for distinguishing the 2 groups in the classification process.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed typical response inhibition deficits in ADHD. Contrary to common assumptions, frontocentral theta band activity did not seem to be the most distinguishing EEG feature between ADHD and neurotypical individuals. Instead, the most important distinguishing features were tensor components reflecting posterior alpha band activity during attentional selection time windows and posterior theta band activity during response selection and control time windows.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We identified novel neurophysiological facets of response inhibition in ADHD, enabling the classification of ADHD and neurotypical individuals. Our findings suggest that ADHD-related deficits emerge early during attentional selection and persist through response control stages. The findings underscore the need to refine conceptions about neural peculiarities in ADHD and adapt clinical interventions targeting inhibitory control deficits accordingly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 9","pages":"Pages 1123-1131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Effort-Cost Decision-Making Mechanisms in Mood and Psychotic Disorders: A Computational Modeling Approach Across Physical and Cognitive Effort Paradigms","authors":"Xiaoyu Dong,&nbsp;Jessica A. Cooper,&nbsp;Erin K. Moran,&nbsp;Deanna M. Barch","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Effort-cost decision making (ECDM) is a core component of motivational deficits across diagnostic boundaries, but the mechanisms underlying ECDM deficits are not yet fully understood. Importantly, similar behavioral phenotypes during ECDM paradigms may be associated with distinct underlying cognitive and affective processes across individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used a person-centered modeling approach to examine individual decision-making phenotypes (systematic or nonsystematic decision making) during both physical and cognitive ECDM in 5 diagnostic groups: healthy control (<em>n</em> = 90), schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) (<em>n</em> = 67), current major depression (<em>n</em> = 70), remitted major depression (<em>n</em> = 52), and bipolar I disorder (<em>n</em> = 64). We examined the associations between ECDM phenotype, cognitive functioning, motivation, and diagnostic group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found significant diagnostic group differences in the ECDM phenotype, such that individuals with an SSD, but not current or remitted major depression or bipolar disorder, were less likely to incorporate changing trialwise reward value information in cognitive effort exertion, with the same trend for physical effort. In all diagnostic groups, nonsystematic decision making was associated with lower cognitive functioning but not lower motivation. In addition, individuals with an SSD showed steeper effort discounting during both physical and cognitive ECDM paradigms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings point toward substantial individual differences in ECDM phenotypes both within and across diagnostic boundaries, suggesting that deficits in subjective value representation may be more prevalent in psychosis compared with in mood disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 9","pages":"Pages 1071-1080"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12782055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145590336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural Response to Reward and Loss Following Basic Combat Training","authors":"Clara Freeman,&nbsp;Eric Rawls,&nbsp;Collin D. Teich,&nbsp;Scott R. Sponheim,&nbsp;Melissa A. Polusny,&nbsp;Craig Marquardt","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The brain’s responsiveness to rewarding stimuli is essential for adaptive functioning, while deficits in neural reward processing have been linked to the transdiagnostic symptom of anhedonia. Acute or prolonged stressors may negatively impact neural reward responses; however, few studies have examined whether real-world naturalistic stressors prospectively predict reductions in brain responses to rewards.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This preregistered analysis (<span><span>https://osf.io/f6e8w</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) used data from the ARMOR (Advancing Research on Mechanisms of Resilience) study to assess whether exposure to basic combat training (BCT), which is a demanding and stress-inducing 10-week program, led to reductions in electrophysiological measures of reward response. One hundred fifteen military recruits completed a virtual gambling task while an electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded before and after BCT. Mean EEG activity in the time window of the reward positivity (RewP; 175–325 ms post-feedback at FCz) was averaged separately for the gain and loss conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that neural response to both gain and loss feedback in the time window of the RewP significantly decreased from baseline following BCT (<em>b</em> = −0.67, <em>p</em> &lt; .001), but the difference between conditions did not decrease (<em>b</em> = 0.28, <em>p</em> = .23). Greater reports of BCT-related stressors predicted decreased neural response to gain but not loss. Finally, baseline reward-related power in the delta-band frequency prospectively predicted less self-reported BCT-related stress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that experiencing the stress of BCT is associated with reductions in neural processing of both reward and loss feedback. Furthermore, individuals with greater reward-related delta oscillatory activity may perceive less negative impact of real-world stressors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 9","pages":"Pages 1132-1140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reward Processing Deficits and Inflammatory Markers in the Context of Chronic Stress and Major Depressive Disorder","authors":"Kreshnik Burani","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 9","pages":"Pages 1043-1044"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methamphetamine Modulates Functional Connectivity Signatures of Sustained Attention and Arousal","authors":"Yizhou Lyu,&nbsp;Anna Corriveau,&nbsp;Hanna Molla,&nbsp;Harriet de Wit,&nbsp;Monica D. Rosenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Between-subjects studies suggest that psychostimulants can shift whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) toward patterns linked to heightened sustained attention. In this study, we examined how a single dose of methamphetamine (MA) (20 mg) changes sustained attention and associated network-level functional organization in healthy adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a within-subject study in which 76 healthy participants completed 2 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning sessions after taking MA or placebo. We tested whether MA selectively affects behavioral and fMRI connectivity signatures of sustained attention and arousal.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Under MA, participants showed improved sustained attention task performance as well as FC signatures of higher sustained attention and arousal. These network changes emerged consistently across resting-state and task-based fMRI, indicating that MA influences attention- and arousal-related networks regardless of cognitive context. Furthermore, a support vector classifier distinguished FC patterns observed during the MA and placebo conditions, identifying connections overlapping with networks related to arousal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Together, these findings are consistent with previous work on other psychostimulants such as methylphenidate, showing that MA modulates sustained attention and related large-scale brain networks. By revealing how MA modulates attention-relevant brain connectivity patterns, our results highlight the utility of psychostimulants as causal tools for probing the robustness, generalizability, and interpretability of brain-based biomarkers of behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 8","pages":"Pages 976-986"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145643929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Effects of Adolescent Substance Use on Neurocognitive Functioning May Be Difficult to Parse From Social and Demographic Factors","authors":"Alexander S. Weigard,&nbsp;Katie J. Paige","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54231,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry-Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging","volume":"11 8","pages":"Pages 899-900"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}