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Archeologický výzkum na nádvoří radnice v Českých Budějovicích ČeskéBudŞjovice市政厅庭院的考古研究
IF 0.6 4区 历史学
Archeologicke Rozhledy Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2018.33
Ladislav Čapek
{"title":"Archeologický výzkum na nádvoří radnice v Českých Budějovicích","authors":"Ladislav Čapek","doi":"10.35686/ar.2018.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2018.33","url":null,"abstract":"Cílem studie je představení post-exkavační metody práce se stratigrafickými a keramickými daty za účelem vytvoření relativní chronologie mnohovrstevnaté městské lokality na základě rozfázovaného sekvenčního modelu. K interakci mezi stratigrafickými a keramickými daty jsou využity exploatorní a vícerozměrové (multivariační) statistické metody seriace, korespondenční a faktorové analýzy. Příkladová studie vychází z výzkumu nádvoří městské radnice v Českých Budějovicích, který proběhl v letech 1996–1997, jehož výsledky byly v nedávné době vyhodnoceny a publikovány. Shrnuty jsou zde hlavní vývojové fáze osídlení od počátků založení města v roce 1265 do výstavby renesanční radnice v polovině 16. století a k nim odpovídající statisticky vyčleněné keramické horizonty. V článku jsou rovněž nastíněny možnosti dynamické interpretace rozfázovaného sekvenčního Harrisova diagramu v souvislosti se sociálními a behaviorálními přístupy ke studiu archeologických stratifikací, které ukazují na řadu druhů lidských aktivit v zastavěném městském prostředí.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47649360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eneolitické kostrové hroby z Holubic, okr. Praha-západ
IF 0.6 4区 历史学
Archeologicke Rozhledy Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2018.30
M. Dobeš, Josef Hložek, Petr Menšík, I. Světlík
{"title":"Eneolitické kostrové hroby z Holubic, okr. Praha-západ","authors":"M. Dobeš, Josef Hložek, Petr Menšík, I. Světlík","doi":"10.35686/ar.2018.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2018.30","url":null,"abstract":"Jeden z problémů středoevropského eneolitu představuje pohřební ritus badenské kultury, vcelku dobře dokumentovaný ve východní části jejího rozšíření a o to hůře v oblasti západní, kam spadají i Čechy. Předmětem předloženého příspěvku je prezentace prvních uspokojivě dokumentovaných kostrových hrobů ze jmenované oblasti, které byly prozkoumány v Holubicích, okr. Praha-západ. Práce přináší kromě zevrubného vyhodnocení nálezové situace a všech získaných pramenů též soubor radiokarbonových dat. Dále je v ní řešena detailní chronologická pozice hrobů a míra jejich podobnosti s projevy pohřbívání v jiných oblastech rozšíření badenského komplexu.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44541748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Depot zbraní z doby římské v krušnohorské Hrádečné, okr. Chomutov
IF 0.6 4区 历史学
Archeologicke Rozhledy Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2018.32
Agnieszka Půlpánová-Reszczyńska, Marek Půlpán, Lenka Ondráčková
{"title":"Depot zbraní z doby římské v krušnohorské Hrádečné, okr. Chomutov","authors":"Agnieszka Půlpánová-Reszczyńska, Marek Půlpán, Lenka Ondráčková","doi":"10.35686/ar.2018.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2018.32","url":null,"abstract":"Na k. ú. obce Hrádečná (okr. Chomutov, Ústecký kraj) byl při amatérském detektorovém průzkumu v roce 2003 objeven hromadný nález výzbroje a výstroje z doby římské čítající celkem 21 železných předmětů a vážící 2,3 kg. Součást výzbroje tvoří meč a 11 hrotů kopí/oštěpů; výstroj je zastoupena elementy několika štítů (4 puklice, 5 držadel). Na základě typologicko-chronologické analýzy lze předměty datovat rámcovým rozpětím stupňů B1–C1. Charakteristickým rysem souboru je jeho intencionální zničení. Nález umístěný mimo sídelní a funerální areály představuje ojedinělý doklad lidské aktivity v době římské v centrální části Krušných hor. Přes nejisté nálezové okolnosti lze klást soubor do souvislostí s rituálním chováním a interpretovat jej jako ireverzibilní depot uložený někdy na přelomu starší a mladší doby římské z votivních důvodů.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42172597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Slag-pit bloomery furnace of the Tarchalice type Tarchalice型的渣坑开花炉
IF 0.6 4区 历史学
Archeologicke Rozhledy Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2018.23
Paweł Madera, Dariusz Kik, I. Suliga
{"title":"Slag-pit bloomery furnace of the Tarchalice type","authors":"Paweł Madera, Dariusz Kik, I. Suliga","doi":"10.35686/ar.2018.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2018.23","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of the first stage of experimental research on reconstruction of the bloomery process in the slag-pit furnace of the Tarchalice type. The phenomenon of bloomery furnaces from the Przeworsk culture settlement in Tarchalice (Tarxdorf), Lower Silesia, Poland, has been known to the scientific community since 1903. With regard to ancient slag-pit furnaces discovered in the second half of the twentieth century in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains and Mazovia region, these features had two-times larger diameter of slag-pits and almost four-times greater weight of slag blocks. The large sizes of the slag-pits suggested dissimilarity of conditions of running the process, formation of iron bloom and block of slag in relation to quite well known from scientific experiments the bloomery process from the Świętokrzyskie Mountains.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45459684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The manufacturing technology of a pattern-welded knife from Kobilić (Republic of Croatia) 科比利奇(克罗地亚共和国)花纹焊接刀的制造技术
IF 0.6 4区 历史学
Archeologicke Rozhledy Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2018.25
Á. Thiele
{"title":"The manufacturing technology of a pattern-welded knife from Kobilić (Republic of Croatia)","authors":"Á. Thiele","doi":"10.35686/ar.2018.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2018.25","url":null,"abstract":"A pattern-welded knife dated to the 13th century was found during an archaeological excavation conducted on the site of Kobilić 1 in 2010. Nowadays, pattern-welded knives are very popular due to their decorative appearance and supposedly excellent mechanical properties. This paper introduces some new experimental results gained during the manufacturing of a copy of the medieval pattern-welded knife using historical techniques. During this experimental work some new practical observations were taken in general about smelting and processing bloomery iron and concerning the decorative effect of phosphoric-iron used in pattern-welding.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42875388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Editorial 编辑
IF 0.6 4区 历史学
Archeologicke Rozhledy Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2018.13
Jiří Hošek, P. Crew
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Jiří Hošek, P. Crew","doi":"10.35686/ar.2018.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2018.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44216828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modelling of bloomery processes in a medieval Russian furnace 中世纪俄罗斯熔炉中的开花过程建模
IF 0.6 4区 历史学
Archeologicke Rozhledy Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2018.24
V. Zavyalov
{"title":"Modelling of bloomery processes in a medieval Russian furnace","authors":"V. Zavyalov","doi":"10.35686/ar.2018.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2018.24","url":null,"abstract":"A fully preserved 14th-century AD bloomery furnace was excavated in 2014 on the settlement of Kolesovka-4 (Russia, Tula district). This extraordinary find has been taken as a model for experimental work. The iron ore used came from the Loknya River, a metallurgical conglomerate used came from the archaeological site of Staraya Ryazan. The most successful result was achieved by using the conglomerate from Staraya Ryazan – three pieces of blooms were made, weighing about 1 kg, and consisting of soft iron and a large number of very coarse slag inclusions. These show a similar trace-element composition as the medieval bloom comingfrom the same site. Experiments conducted have shown that the bloomery furnace uncovered at the Kolesovka-4 settlement is a rational pyrotechnological construction, allowing for a large number of smelting cycles.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43614837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metallographic examination of four 7th–8th century long-blade weapons from Želovce (Slovakia) 4件产自Želovce(斯洛伐克)的7 - 8世纪长刃武器金相检验
IF 0.6 4区 历史学
Archeologicke Rozhledy Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2018.26
J. Hošek, Márk Haramza
{"title":"Metallographic examination of four 7th–8th century long-blade weapons from Želovce (Slovakia)","authors":"J. Hošek, Márk Haramza","doi":"10.35686/ar.2018.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2018.26","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the metallographic examination of three sabres and one double-edged sword coming from the 7th–8th century Slavic-Avar site of Želovce (Slovakia). All four weapons had been subjected to metallography as early as 1975, but the results were not published in sufficient detail. With this article, written in honour of Radomír Pleiner, the authors wish to repay this debt. The blades are compared with other (metallographically examined) weapons from Želovce, and the manufacturing methods of early medieval production of sabres are discussed.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42645736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Multi-phase microstructures in Anatolian Seljuks iron-steel objects: classification and production techniques 安纳托利亚塞尔柱钢铁制品中的多相微观结构：分类和生产技术
IF 0.6 4区 历史学
Archeologicke Rozhledy Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2018.27
Ümit Güder, C. Tasan, Alptekin Yavaş
{"title":"Multi-phase microstructures in Anatolian Seljuks iron-steel objects: classification and production techniques","authors":"Ümit Güder, C. Tasan, Alptekin Yavaş","doi":"10.35686/ar.2018.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2018.27","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a collection of iron objects from the Anatolian Seljuks Period, ca. 12th–13th century AD, are analysed and discussed from a metallurgical perspective. A total number of 21 iron-steel objects, small knives and flat bodied (with thin cross-section) arrowheads was examined. These objects are coming from the Seljuks’ cultural layers of Eğirdir (Isparta, Central Anatolian Caravanserai), Kubad Abad (Konya, Central Anatolian Sultan’s Palace Complex), and Samsat (Adıyaman, Eastern Anatolian Fortress). In the samples which were taken from iron tools, composite-like structures formed by different ferrous phases were revealed by metallography, SEM-EDX and micro hardness examinations. These structures are classified according to the production materials and techniques. The first group revealed signs of continuous forging and, in some cases, bloomery iron folding, which can lead to such composite-like structures. The second group consisted of tools which were produced from different starting materials which were forge-welded before or during shaping process. The crucible steel knives can be classified as another group, in which the composite-like structure exhibits totally different constituents leading to more homogeneous mechanical character. In modern times, composite materials have gained importance and become key engineering materials due to their outstanding specific properties. This study reveals that skilled Seljuks’ blacksmiths made similar materials design choices in the production of iron or steel objects, despite limited materials and metallurgical knowledge.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42170431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Before or after? 之前还是之后?
IF 0.6 4区 历史学
Archeologicke Rozhledy Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.35686/ar.2018.19
R. Janiszewski
{"title":"Before or after?","authors":"R. Janiszewski","doi":"10.35686/ar.2018.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35686/ar.2018.19","url":null,"abstract":"Chronology of the bloomery fields of the Iron Age is a very complex and interesting subject. Usually it can be established by radiocarbon analysis of the organic debris, mainly charcoal fragments, found at the bottom of slag-pit furnaces or by dating archaeological material collected from the sites during excavations. Both methods however, based on very limited material, often provide only broad time frames for the occupation of the sites. In Mazovian Centre of Metallurgy, where several large bloomery fields were located very close to or even within the Iron Age settlements, frequently a number of slag-pit furnaces were recorded instratigraphic relations with other archaeological features. The chronology of those features could be established more precisely by analysing their archaeological contents. The aim of this paper will be to discuss the chronological implications for the slag-pit furnaces found in such relations. The results of this assessment will be compared with series of radiocarbon measurements from the Mazovian Centre which haven’t been published so far.","PeriodicalId":54176,"journal":{"name":"Archeologicke Rozhledy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45256861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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