Culture Agriculture Food and Environment最新文献

{"title":"Sanitary Crises and “No Contact” Aquaculture: Chilean Fish Farming During the Pandemic","authors":"Eric H. Thomas","doi":"10.1111/cuag.12265","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cuag.12265","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The COVID-19 pandemic has inspired novel strategies for keeping worksites operational and workers safe, with varying degrees of success. In southern Chile, where more than a third of the world’s farmed salmon is produced, the industrial aquaculture sector has been largely successful at avoiding major disruptions and financial losses by mobilizing strategies developed during previous sanitary crises that threatened the health of fish and the industry itself. Here, I engage with the literature on crises and disasters to evaluate these strategies as well as their unintended consequences. I contend that many of the strategies developed to address COVID-19 as a sanitary crisis and prevent the spread of the virus have deepened the divisions between aquaculture firms and the remote coastal communities where they operate. These social and economic divisions have the potential to undermine the industry’s long-term viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":54150,"journal":{"name":"Culture Agriculture Food and Environment","volume":"43 1","pages":"14-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/cuag.12265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84773318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Winegrowers and More-than-Human Workers in Ohioan and Alsatian Vineyards","authors":"Mark Anthony Arceño","doi":"10.1111/cuag.12266","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cuag.12266","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understandings of the terroir concept range from recognizing “the environment” as being largely responsible for affecting the taste of a place-based product like wine to considering the intervening role of social actors in its production. This article takes the perspective that non-human life forms, as well as non-living entities, are more than just ecologically embedded observers. They also have active roles in the terroir system itself. Here, I use multispecies framings and multisensory approaches to analyze data gathered from interviews and participant observation with winegrowers in central Ohio and eastern France over a period of 18 months. I contend that non-human actants contribute various forms of labor throughout the terroir system, as understood through semiotic relationships with human counterparts. Attending to more-than-human workers is important for understanding changes to the “taste of place” in times of climatic, political, and socio-cultural change.</p>","PeriodicalId":54150,"journal":{"name":"Culture Agriculture Food and Environment","volume":"43 1","pages":"36-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/cuag.12266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79280177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A “Win-Win” for Soil Conservation? How Indiana Row-Crop Farmers Perceive the Benefits (and Trade-offs) of No-Till Agriculture","authors":"Nicholas C. Kawa","doi":"10.1111/cuag.12264","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cuag.12264","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To address problems of soil degradation, industrial farmers across the United States have converted to no-till agriculture, which can mitigate the effects of soil erosion and reduce operating costs without necessarily compromising agricultural output. However, producers still debate the benefits of this practice. Through participant observation and semi-structured interviews with 14 row-crop farmers in central Indiana, this study examines farmer perceptions of no-till as a soil conservation practice. Ethnographic findings reveal that adopters highlight no-till’s benefits for improving soil quality while also minimizing operating costs, including labor and fuel. However, both adopters and critics alike acknowledge trade-offs; for example, no-till disrupts entrenched management practices and norms—from the aesthetics of “clean” fields to the timing of spring planting. Furthermore, some non-adopters argue that no-till’s heightened reliance on herbicide contradicts the broader goals of conservation. This study thus shows that while a compelling case can be made for no-till as an environmental and economic “win-win,” this narrative also elides ongoing disagreements and trade-offs linked to its adoption. No-till’s appeal for many producers is that it advances soil conservation without fundamentally challenging industrial farming’s aspiration for ever-increasing efficiency and profitability.</p>","PeriodicalId":54150,"journal":{"name":"Culture Agriculture Food and Environment","volume":"43 1","pages":"25-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/cuag.12264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89533778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Food Matters: Racial Justice in the Wake of Food Justice. Hanna Garth, and Ashanté M. Reese Editors. 2020. University of Minnesota, 288 pages, ISBN: 9781517908140, paperback","authors":"Sarah Grace Davenport","doi":"10.1111/cuag.12267","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cuag.12267","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54150,"journal":{"name":"Culture Agriculture Food and Environment","volume":"43 1","pages":"74-75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/cuag.12267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77722904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porkopolis: A Conversation","authors":"Andrea Rissing,&nbsp;Nicholas C. Kawa","doi":"10.1111/cuag.12262","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cuag.12262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54150,"journal":{"name":"Culture Agriculture Food and Environment","volume":"43 1","pages":"71-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/cuag.12262","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81023794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Who Would Watch the Animals?”: Gendered Knowledge and Expert Performance Among Andean Pastoralists","authors":"Allison Caine","doi":"10.1111/cuag.12261","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cuag.12261","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent decades, global and regional pastoralist development initiatives have articulated their project goals within the broader objective of climate change adaptation. Development programs in the high Andes have sought to diminish pastoralist vulnerability to the impacts of shifting seasonal weather patterns and glacial retreat. Despite the increase in attention to the gendered distribution of climate change risks and strategies globally, women alpaca herders in the Andes continue to be sidelined in discussions around animal health and pasture management. I argue that women’s marginalization reflects the ways that pastoralist expertise is ascribed and reproduced in interactional encounters. Andean women herders lack access to the social, political, and economic resources necessary to perform expertise in a ratified way, and as a consequence are left out of critical decision-making processes around climate change adaptation. An attention to women’s herding work yields insight into pastoralist knowledge and skill as distributive, relational, and embedded within social networks that are at increasing risk of fragmentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54150,"journal":{"name":"Culture Agriculture Food and Environment","volume":"43 1","pages":"4-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/cuag.12261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85462671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropological Perspectives on Anti-Immigrant Policies and Food System Precarity in the Trump Era","authors":"Megan Styles,&nbsp;Debarati Sen","doi":"10.1111/cuag.12260","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cuag.12260","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As we go to print with this issue at the end of October 2020, the November 3rd presidential election and the indeterminate end of the COVID-19 pandemic weigh heavily on our minds. The results of this election and decisions about how to deal with the economic crisis triggered by the pandemic will affect us all for years to come. In a moment when essential workers are honored as heroes, perhaps the most essential workers in our labor system—immigrant workers who cultivate, pick, and pack food—are made more vulnerable by policies and rhetoric designed to dehumanize them. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the U.S. Justice Department recently announced that the parents of 545 migrant children who were separated from family members by officials at the U.S. border between 2017 and 2018 cannot be found. We would like to think that a change in administration in the White House could result in a dramatically different approach to immigration policy in the United States, but this result is not guaranteed. Consistent and relentless pressure for reform will always be necessary.</p><p>The articles in this special issue reflect the central role played by anthropologists and social theorists in bringing to light the issues facing immigrants, especially farmworkers, during (before, and likely, after) the Trump era. In her introduction, guest editor Teresa M. Mares pulls together the central threads that run through these articles—the forms of fear, isolation, and oppression exacerbated under Trump but also the work of various actors involved in caring for those made more vulnerable in this moment and actively resisting immigration enforcement tactics. We hope that the insights provided in this special issue collection will inform the creation of better policies that honor the critical importance of immigrants in our labor system and our communities.</p><p>Also in this issue, Nicole Peterson and Andrea Freidus investigate in detail what food security looks and feels like for American university students in <i>More than Money: Barriers to Food Security on a College Campus</i>. Drawing on collaborative fieldwork involving undergraduate research assistants and food bank staff, Peterson and Freidus explore the many barriers that make it difficult for students to secure adequate amounts and types of food. They argue that conventional analyses of food security often overlook these non-financial barriers, which include time, transportation, and other factors described by the students participating in the study. Together with the articles in this special issue, this contribution reminds us of the many forms of precarity within the U.S. food system.</p>","PeriodicalId":54150,"journal":{"name":"Culture Agriculture Food and Environment","volume":"42 2","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/cuag.12260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80657777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Fear of Deportation: Intersectional Barriers to Well-Being Among Latina Farmworkers in Southwestern Idaho","authors":"Lisa Meierotto,&nbsp;Rebecca L. Som Castellano,&nbsp;Cynthia Curl","doi":"10.1111/cuag.12255","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cuag.12255","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Latina farmworkers in rural Idaho live with geographic isolation, fear of deportation, gender disparities, and income inequalities. While economic and social challenges have existed for decades, fear and isolation have become more acute during the Trump administration. Utilizing interview, survey, and focus group data, we identify multiple ways in which Latina farmworkers struggle with policy-exacerbated isolation. We find that experiences of isolation intersect with gender disparities and economic inequalities, and this ultimately affects women’s well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":54150,"journal":{"name":"Culture Agriculture Food and Environment","volume":"42 2","pages":"93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/cuag.12255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91386625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Si Dios Quiere:” Instability, Sustainability, and Wellness in a Vermont Migrant Worker Health Clinic","authors":"Kelsey Smith","doi":"10.1111/cuag.12257","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cuag.12257","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The political health ecology of Vermont is shaped by its status as a rural, borderland state and its dependence upon dairy for agricultural revenue in a fluctuating neoliberal market. The Care Center, a free clinic serving uninsured patients in Cherry County, is the primary medical provider for the growing Latinx migrant worker population that supports the majority of Vermont dairy farms. My findings demonstrate the gendered nature of how Latinx migrant dairy workers and healthcare professionals navigate the compounding precarities in Vermont that make safety and wellness difficult to establish. I contend that the layered use of structural vulnerability, political health ecology, and ecofeminist situated sustainability offers a perspective on the hidden interconnectedness between healthcare work and sustainability, ultimately providing directions for collaboration.</p>","PeriodicalId":54150,"journal":{"name":"Culture Agriculture Food and Environment","volume":"42 2","pages":"83-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/cuag.12257","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74156502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Issue Introduction: Immigration, Labor, and Agriculture in the United States in the Trump Era","authors":"Teresa M. Mares","doi":"10.1111/cuag.12259","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cuag.12259","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54150,"journal":{"name":"Culture Agriculture Food and Environment","volume":"42 2","pages":"71-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/cuag.12259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84706480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}