特朗普时代反移民政策与粮食体系不稳定性的人类学视角

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY
Megan Styles, Debarati Sen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

当我们在2020年10月底出版本期杂志时,11月3日的总统选举和COVID-19大流行的不确定结束给我们带来了沉重的负担。这次选举的结果以及关于如何应对大流行病引发的经济危机的决定将在未来几年影响我们所有人。在关键工人被奉为英雄的时刻,也许我们劳动系统中最重要的工人——种植、采摘和包装食物的移民工人——在旨在使他们失去人性的政策和言论下变得更加脆弱。美国公民自由联盟(ACLU)和美国司法部近日宣布,2017年至2018年期间在美国边境被官员与家人分离的545名移民儿童的父母找不到。我们愿意认为,白宫政府的更迭可能会导致美国的移民政策发生巨大变化,但这一结果并不能得到保证。持续而无情的改革压力永远是必要的。本期特刊中的文章反映了人类学家和社会理论家在揭示特朗普时代(可能在特朗普时代之前,也可能在特朗普时代之后)移民,尤其是农场工人所面临的问题方面发挥的核心作用。特约编辑特蕾莎·m·马雷斯(Teresa M. Mares)在介绍中梳理了贯穿这些文章的核心线索——特朗普统治下加剧的恐惧、孤立和压迫,以及参与照顾那些在这一时刻更脆弱的人、积极抵制移民执法策略的各种行动者的工作。我们希望本期特刊所提供的见解将为制定更好的政策提供参考,以尊重移民在我们的劳动体系和社区中的关键重要性。同样在这一期,妮可·彼得森和安德里亚·弗雷德斯在《不仅仅是钱:大学校园里的食品安全障碍》一书中详细调查了美国大学生的食品安全状况。彼得森和弗雷德斯通过与本科生研究助理和食品银行工作人员的合作实地考察,探索了使学生难以获得足够数量和种类的食物的许多障碍。他们认为,对食品安全的传统分析往往忽略了这些非经济障碍,包括时间、交通和参与研究的学生所描述的其他因素。与本期特刊中的文章一起,这篇文章提醒我们,美国粮食体系内存在多种形式的不稳定。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Anthropological Perspectives on Anti-Immigrant Policies and Food System Precarity in the Trump Era

As we go to print with this issue at the end of October 2020, the November 3rd presidential election and the indeterminate end of the COVID-19 pandemic weigh heavily on our minds. The results of this election and decisions about how to deal with the economic crisis triggered by the pandemic will affect us all for years to come. In a moment when essential workers are honored as heroes, perhaps the most essential workers in our labor system—immigrant workers who cultivate, pick, and pack food—are made more vulnerable by policies and rhetoric designed to dehumanize them. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the U.S. Justice Department recently announced that the parents of 545 migrant children who were separated from family members by officials at the U.S. border between 2017 and 2018 cannot be found. We would like to think that a change in administration in the White House could result in a dramatically different approach to immigration policy in the United States, but this result is not guaranteed. Consistent and relentless pressure for reform will always be necessary.

The articles in this special issue reflect the central role played by anthropologists and social theorists in bringing to light the issues facing immigrants, especially farmworkers, during (before, and likely, after) the Trump era. In her introduction, guest editor Teresa M. Mares pulls together the central threads that run through these articles—the forms of fear, isolation, and oppression exacerbated under Trump but also the work of various actors involved in caring for those made more vulnerable in this moment and actively resisting immigration enforcement tactics. We hope that the insights provided in this special issue collection will inform the creation of better policies that honor the critical importance of immigrants in our labor system and our communities.

Also in this issue, Nicole Peterson and Andrea Freidus investigate in detail what food security looks and feels like for American university students in More than Money: Barriers to Food Security on a College Campus. Drawing on collaborative fieldwork involving undergraduate research assistants and food bank staff, Peterson and Freidus explore the many barriers that make it difficult for students to secure adequate amounts and types of food. They argue that conventional analyses of food security often overlook these non-financial barriers, which include time, transportation, and other factors described by the students participating in the study. Together with the articles in this special issue, this contribution reminds us of the many forms of precarity within the U.S. food system.

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来源期刊
Culture Agriculture Food and Environment
Culture Agriculture Food and Environment AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS & POLICY-
CiteScore
1.60
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