Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento最新文献

{"title":"Autoeficacia en la vida académica y rasgos psicopatológicos","authors":"Rosa María García-Méndez, Armando Rivera Ledesma","doi":"10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N3.25159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N3.25159","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo del presente trabajo fue explorar la existencia de diferencias significativas en autoeficacia en la vida académica entre sujetos con rasgos psicopatológicos y sujetos que no presentan rasgos psicopatológicos en el contexto universitario mexicano, utilizando la Escala de Autoeficacia en la Vida Académica (EAVA) y el Inventario Multifásico de Personalidad de Minnesota (MMPI-2). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 251 estudiantes universitarios. Considerando los antecedentes, los sujetos con rasgos psicopatológicos obtuvieron puntuaciones más bajas en autoeficacia en la vida académica en comparación con sujetos que no presentan rasgos psicopatológicos. Destacaron las escalas asociadas a la integración social. En particular, Introversión social presentó puntuaciones más bajas en la mayoría de las sub-escalas EAVA, en especial: Liderazgo, Socialización y compañerismo, Logros profesionales, Creatividad e Innovación y Exposición frente a grupo. La investigación aportó evidencia sobre la importancia de la relación entre autoeficacia en la vida académica y rasgos psicopatológicos.","PeriodicalId":53986,"journal":{"name":"Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46122195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notas sobre el aspecto del género gramatical","authors":"Danniel da Silva Carvalho, Dorothy Bezerra Silva de Brito, Jair Gomes de Farias","doi":"10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N3.25859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N3.25859","url":null,"abstract":"El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir la función del género gramatical. A partir de una revisión sobre el origen de la categoría de género en las lenguas indoeuropeas y de partición de aspecto nominal propuesta por Rijkhoff (1991), se asume que la marcación gramatical de género determina diferencias de perspectivización de los nombres en base a la hipótesis de que la marcación de género y número son dos caras del trazo aspectual CONJUNTO. Se concluye que la realización de las marcas de género posibilita lecturas más individualizadas de objetos, las que pueden ser genéricas o particularizadas, lo que fue ilustrado en diferentes lenguas de distintas familias.","PeriodicalId":53986,"journal":{"name":"Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47373707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conceptual and methodological approaches to the study of Self-Regulation: An inquiry within Developmental Science","authors":"Juan Ignacio Paredes Nachón, M. S. Segretín, S. Lipina","doi":"10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N3.25739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N3.25739","url":null,"abstract":"The present work intends to thoroughly identify theoretical and practical applications of self-regulation (SR) in contemporary developmental research, by reviewing conceptual and operational definitions of SR, in addition to the methods and instruments used to assess it in empirical studies. 468 scientific articles with cumulative evidence from the last two decades of research were included (142 reviews and 326 original research articles). Using a mixed-methods approach based on grounded theory methodology, the main theoretical and methodological aspects involved in the definition and operationalization of SR were reviewed. Results point towards a growing consensus in the conceptual definition of SR, which emphasizes the interrelation of emotional and cognitive control, goal-oriented activity, physiological and interpersonal processes. Empirical research often considers to diverse biologic, behavioral and social features in the operationalization of the concept, making use of report scales, performance tasks and, to a lesser extent, physiological and observational measurements.","PeriodicalId":53986,"journal":{"name":"Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49611559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participación en actividades recreativas con exposición sonora y mecanismo coclear de protección auditiva en jóvenes universitarios","authors":"P. Pérez, F. Sotomayor, Stefania Soledad Vilella, A. L. Maggi, Mauricio Federico Zalazar-Jaime, María Hinalaf","doi":"10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N3.24103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N3.24103","url":null,"abstract":"Se determinó la relación entre la participación en actividades recreativas con exposición sonora y el mecanismo coclear de protección auditiva regulado por el Sistema Eferente Medial. Se evaluaron 72 jóvenes entre 18 y 25 años, mediante cuestionario sobre Exposición sonora en actividades recreativas y Supresión Contralateral (SC) de Otoemisiones Productos de Distorsión (OEAPD). De acuerdo a la exposición se clasificaron categorías de Exposición General a Música (EGM). A nivel auditivo se clasificaron los oídos en Grupo 1 (OEAPD presentes normales) y Grupo 2 (OEAPD presentes anormales). Luego se aplicó la SC de OEAPD. No se encontró una tendencia clara que relacione directamente EGM y nivel auditivo. Esta situación podría indicar que ambos actúan independientemente. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los jóvenes del Grupo 2 pertenecían a las categorías media y alta, pudiendo inferir que el mecanismo de protección podría encontrarse vulnerable si la exposición se mantuviera o incrementara a futuro.","PeriodicalId":53986,"journal":{"name":"Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41641890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Redundancy Effect on Human Predictive Learning: Evidence against a Propositional Interpretation","authors":"Jorge Andrés Pinto Pinto, Daniel E. Núñez","doi":"10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N3.25293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N3.25293","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl efecto de redundancia es el hallazgo de un mayor aprendizaje a un estimulo X entrenado en un procedimiento de bloqueo A+ AX+, que a un estimulo Y entrenado en un procedimiento de discriminacion BY+ CY-. Estos hallazgos son nuevos y teoricamente desafiantes para todas las teorias del condicionamiento que calculan el aprendizaje en base a un error comun. Es por ello que examinamos alternativamente la posibilidad que el fenomeno sea el resultado de un razonamiento proposicional. En un experimento, replicamos el efecto basico y encontramos que la adicion de instrucciones sobre la ocurrencia de las consecuencias a un nivel sub-maximo no tiene un efecto significativo sobre el efecto de redundancia. Estos hallazgos son discutidos en relacion con una aproximacion proposicional y asociativa basada en el supuesto que los estimulos experimentales comparten un elemento comun. EnglishThe redundancy effect is the finding of greater learning when an X stimulus is trained in an A+ AX+ blocking procedure, than when a Y stimulus is trained in a BY+ CY- discrimination procedure. These findings are new and theoretically challenging for all conditioning theories that calculate learning based on a common error. For this reason, we alternatively examined the possibility that the phenomenon is the result of a propositional reasoning. In an experiment, we replicated the basic effect and we found out that the addition of instructions on the occurrence of the consequences at a submaximal level does not have a significant impact on the redundancy effect. These findings are discussed with regard to a propositional and associative approach based on the assumption that the experimental stimuli share a common feature.","PeriodicalId":53986,"journal":{"name":"Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47253783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variables asociadas de malestar psicológico y funcionamiento de personas con dolor crónico","authors":"María José Hernández, María Vitoria Zambolin, Maria Jose Carabajar","doi":"10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N2.25392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N2.25392","url":null,"abstract":"espanolHasta un 40% de la poblacion adulta mundial padece de dolor cronico, esta asociado a malestar significativo, deterioro del funcionamiento y de la calidad de vida. Se tomaron las variables intervinientes en el Miedo-Evitacion del dolor y de Flexibilidad Psicologica. Fueron evaluaron 67 personas con dolor cronico, se midio la ansiedad y depresion (HADS), funcionamiento diario (IDF), catastrofizacion del dolor (PCS), hipervigilancia y conciencia del dolor (PVAQ), aceptacion del dolor cronico (CPAQ), inflexibilidad psicologica (PIPS) y mindfulness (FFMI). En los resultados se observan niveles moderados de ansiedad y depresion. Y se analizan las correlaciones entre las variables mencionadas. El funcionamiento en estas pacientes encuentra correlacion significativa con la aceptacion del dolor y mindfulness. Tambien se observaron relaciones significativas con la depresion y la ansiedad con varias de las variables involucradas en los modelos mencionados. Se discuten los resultados en relacion a la practica de la clinica psicologica. EnglishUp to 40% of the world's adult population suffer from chronic pain. This condition is associated with significant distress, less functioning and quality of life. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the core variables in two psychological models: Fear-Avoidance model and Psychological Flexibility model. 67 people with chronic pain were evaluated, measures of anxiety and depression (HADS), daily functioning (IDF), catastrophization of pain (PCS), hypervigilance and pain awareness (PVAQ), acceptance of the chronic pain (CPAQ), psychological inflexibility (PIPS) and mindfulness (FFMI). The results show moderate levels of anxiety and depression. And the correlations (Pearson's r) between the mentioned variables are analyzed. The functioning in this group of patients is associated with acceptance of pain and mindfulness. Likewise, significant association were found between anxiety and depression and the core variables involved in the abovementioned models. The results are discussed in relation to the psychological practice.","PeriodicalId":53986,"journal":{"name":"Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44142197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating role of poverty in the association between environmental factors and cognitive performance in preschoolers","authors":"C. Fracchia, M. S. Segretín, M. J. Hermida, L. Prats, S. Lipina","doi":"10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N2.26482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N2.26482","url":null,"abstract":"TThe association between environmental factors and cognitive performance during childhood could be mediated by poverty (i.e., households with Unsatisfied or Satisfied Basic Needs). This study explored such mediating roles in preschoolers from different socioeconomic backgrounds. Tasks to assess executive attention, working memory, inhibitory control, planning, and fluid reasoning were administered to 250 children aged 4 and 5 years. The results suggested that poverty mediated the effects of family composition, child health, health risk factors, children and adults at home, maternal age, and literacy activities on the performance of executive attention, fluid reasoning, and inhibitory control. These results contribute to our understanding of the relationship between environmental factors and cognitive development through the identification of the mediating role of poverty.","PeriodicalId":53986,"journal":{"name":"Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41869905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Análisis intercultural del trastorno por uso de alcohol: criterios diagnósticos en universitarios","authors":"Karina Conde, P. Gimenez, M. Cremonte, Mar Diaz-Castela, Ana-Raquel Ortega-Martínez","doi":"10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N2.25420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N2.25420","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl objetivo de este estudio fue examinar las manifestaciones clinicas del trastorno por uso de alcohol (TUA) en universitarios de paises con distintas practicas de consumo, y estimar el potencial de una medida de consumo de alcohol como marcador de TUA. Participaron estudiantes de universidades en Argentina (N = 2157), Espana (N = 320) y Brasil (N = 149). Se evaluaron criterios diagnosticos de TUA, puntos de corte compatibles con el DSM 5, y una medida de consumo excesivo episodico de alcohol. Se realizaron analisis descriptivos y de clases latentes. Generalmente el TUA grave se caracterizo por endorsar todos los criterios; el moderado-leve por tolerancia, perdida de control, problemas interpersonales y negligencia de obligaciones. En los paises con un patron humedo de consumo (Argentina y Espana) los criterios uso en situaciones peligrosas y consumo a pesar de problemas mentales/fisicos se manifestaron en categorias distintas. La medida de consumo presento potencial como marcador de TUA. EnglishThis study aimed to examine the clinical manifestations of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) in university students from countries with different drinking practices, and the potential of a drinking measure as an AUD marker. University students from Argentina (N = 2157), Spain (N = 320), and Brazil (N = 149) participated in the study. The TUA criteria and the cut off-points were compatible with the DSM 5, and a measure of binge drinking was evaluated. Descriptive and latent class analyses were performed. In general, the severe AUD is characterized by the endorsement of all criteria; the moderate-mild, by tolerance, loss of control (quit/cut), interpersonal problems, and role impairment. In countries with a wet drinking pattern (Argentina and Spain), the criteria of hazardous use and psychological or physical problems due to use were characteristic of different severity levels. The binge drinking measure showed potential as a marker of TUA.","PeriodicalId":53986,"journal":{"name":"Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42259362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equivalencia psicométrica de las aplicaciones impresas y electrónicas de tres escalas psicosociales","authors":"Nazira Calleja, Julieta Beatriz Candelario Mosco, Jorge Humberto Rosas Medina, Erika Souza Colín","doi":"10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N2.25284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N2.25284","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl proposito del estudio fue examinar el efecto del formato de aplicacion (impreso versus electronico) de escalas psicosociales sobre sus propiedades psicometricas y las mediciones obtenidas. Estudiantes universitarios (N = 435) respondieron tres escalas breves y unidimensionales, que evaluaban optimismo, gratitud y bienestar subjetivo, en formato impreso (52%) o electronico (48%). Se encontro que las medias de los puntajes de las tres escalas no difirieron significativamente al comparar ambos medios de aplicacion. En general, tanto los instrumentos electronicos como los de papel aportaron resultados con propiedades similares de confiabilidad y validez. Al analizar la invarianza de medicion, comparando el modelo sin restricciones en la estructura factorial con los distintos modelos con invarianza, se comprobo que las medidas eran equivalentes en ambos formatos. Se concluyo que el medio de aplicacion no afecta los indices obtenidos, por lo que podrian emplearse indistintamente. EnglishThe purpose of the study was to examine the influence of the format of administration (printed versus electronic) of psychosocial scales on their psychometric properties and the measurements obtained. University students (N = 435) completed three short and one-dimensional scales, which evaluated optimism, gratitude, and subjective well-being, in printed (52%) or electronic (48%) format. It was found that the mean scores of the three scales did not differ significantly when comparing both modes of application; overall, both electronic and paper instruments provided results with similar properties of reliability and validity. When analyzing the measurement invariance, comparing the model without constraints in the factor structure with the different models with invariance, the measures were equivalent in printed and electronic formats. It was concluded that the format of administration does not affect the indices obtained, so they could be used interchangeably.","PeriodicalId":53986,"journal":{"name":"Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45737397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estructura Factorial de la Escala de Riesgo de Violencia de Plutchik (ERVP): Propiedades psicométricas y diferencias en función a variables sociodemográficas en universitarios limeños","authors":"Ma. Del Carmen Rocha Espinoza, Andrés Burga, Alvaro Okumura","doi":"10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N2.26387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.V12.N2.26387","url":null,"abstract":"espanolAnte el incremento de los niveles de violencia ciudadana, resulta relevante adaptar instrumentos para identificar factores de riesgo en poblacion juvenil. Por ello, el objetivo fue analizar las propiedades psicometricas de la Escala de Riesgo de Violencia de Plutchik (ERVP). Se realizo una adaptacion linguistica de la version espanola de la ERVP, ajustandola a la terminologia local. Dicha adaptacion fue examinada por ocho jueces. Se administro a 1052 universitarios limenos, entre los 16 y 37 anos de edad. La unidimensionalidad permitio aplicar un modelo Rasch de Escala de Valoracion de Andrich, considerando el funcionamiento diferencial de tres items en funcion al sexo. La confiabilidad se obtuvo a traves del coeficiente omega, cuyo valor es de .70, 95% IC [.63, .77]. La ERVP cuenta con adecuadas propiedades psicometricas y es una buena alternativa para el tamizaje del riesgo de violencia en poblaciones similares. EnglishBased on the current increase in levels of citizen violence, it is relevant to standardize instruments for identifying crime-related risk factors in youth population. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the psychometric properties of Plutchik’s Violence Risk Scale (PVRS). The PVRS Spanish version was linguistically adapted to local terminology, and subsequently examined by eight judges. It was administered to 1052 university students from Lima, who ranged from 16 to 37 years old. The exploratory factor analysis showed a single-factor structure, which differs from the three-factor Spanish version. It was applied the Rasch model of Andrich’s Rating Scale because of its unidimensionality, identifying sex differential functioning of three items. Reliability was obtained through coefficient omega, whose value was .70; 95% CI [.63, .77]. In conclusion, the PVRS has suitable psychometric properties and appears to be a good alternative to screen the risk of violence in populations similar to the one studied. portuguesA luz dos niveis crescentes de violencia cidada, e relevante padronizar instrumentos de triagem que permitam a identificacao imediata de fatores de risco relacionados ao crime na populacao jovem. Portanto, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as propriedades psicometricas da Escala de Risco de Violencia de Plutchik (PVRS). A versao em espanhol do PVRS foi adaptada linguisticamente a terminologia local, que foi posteriormente examinada por 8 juizes. A escala foi aplicada a 1.052 universitarios de Lima, com idades entre 16 e 37 anos. A analise fatorial exploratoria mostrou uma estrutura de fator unico diferente da versao espanhola de tres fatores. A unidimensionalidade possibilitou a aplicacao de um modelo Rasch da Escala de Avaliacao de Andrich, considerando o funcionamento diferencial de tres itens com base no genero. A confiabilidade foi obtida atraves do coeficiente omega, cujo valor foi 0,70; IC 95% [0,63, 0,77]. O PVRS possui propriedades psicometricas adequadas e parece ser uma boa alternativa para rastrear ","PeriodicalId":53986,"journal":{"name":"Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44468863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}