HIV & AIDS Review最新文献_第10页

Evaluation of anthropometric indices, eating habits, and their relationship with CD4 level in individuals with HIV/AIDS 评价HIV/AIDS患者的人体测量指数、饮食习惯及其与CD4水平的关系

IF 0.2

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2020.101595

M. Zareipour, Ehsan Movahed, R. Sadeghi, Ahmad Sotoudeh, S. Sadeghi, Mahboobe Ameri

{"title":"Evaluation of anthropometric indices, eating habits, and their relationship \u0000with CD4 level in individuals with HIV/AIDS","authors":"M. Zareipour, Ehsan Movahed, R. Sadeghi, Ahmad Sotoudeh, S. Sadeghi, Mahboobe Ameri","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2020.101595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.101595","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Malnutrition is one of the important and complex complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and anthropometry is a valuable clinical indicator in health planning and policy making among HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate anthropometric indices, eating habits, and their association with CD4 in individuals with HIV/AIDS. Material and methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on all individuals with HIV/ AIDS over 20 years of age, who referred to a behavioral diseases counseling center in Iran in 2018. Census sampling method was conducted, and 122 patients were selected. Anthropometric indices were measured using standard methods, and nutritional status questionnaire was used to assess patients’ nutritional status. Results: The mean body mass index in women and men were 25 and 22 kg/m2, respectively. Abdominal obesity was 0.89 and 0.87 cm in female and male patients, respectively. Furthermore, 64% of patients had poor eating habits. Among food groups, consumption of water ( p = 0.05) and carbonated drinks ( p = 0.034) were significantly different between men and women. Among dietary groups, only meat and legumes group had a significant association with CD4 level ( p = 0.047). Conclusions: Although 57% of patients with HIV infection were within normal range, abdominal obesity was higher than standard values, and two thirds of the participants presented poor eating habits. Therefore, nutritional interventions are of great importance in this group of patients.","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82677049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Micronutrients status among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Southern India 印度南部人类免疫缺陷病毒感染儿童微量营养素状况

IF 0.2

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2020.93062

Sangeetha Sivasubramanian, J. Shenoy, S. Kamath, V. Kulkarni, Mukund P. Srinivasan, B. S. Baliga

{"title":"Micronutrients status among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Southern India","authors":"Sangeetha Sivasubramanian, J. Shenoy, S. Kamath, V. Kulkarni, Mukund P. Srinivasan, B. S. Baliga","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2020.93062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.93062","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Deficiencies of micronutrients play a role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its severity. Identifying the micronutrient status would guide supplementation, thus al-tering the disease progression and severity. Material and methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in Southern India on hundred HIV-infected children. Estimation of serum micronutrient levels (zinc, copper, and iron) and comparison of the deficient micronutrients with clinical stages, immunological categories, CD4 counts, and nutritional status was performed. Results: Among 100 HIV-infected children, zinc deficiency was the most common (62%), whereas copper and iron deficiency was present in 2% and 1%, respectively. Mean age of children was 11.20 ± 3.14 years, 52% were girls, 24% were malnourished, 76% were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), and four had CD4 counts < 200/mm 2 indicating AIDS. Using Kruskalwallis test, serum iron levels ( p = 0.000) and CD4 levels ( p = 0.001) were significantly associated with clinical stages, while serum zinc levels ( p = 0.043) and CD4 levels ( p = 0.000) were significantly associated with various degrees of immune classification. Mean micronutrient levels did not correlate significantly with CD4 counts less than and greater than 350 by unpaired t test. Zinc deficiency did not correlate with clinical staging, immunological classification, nutritional status, and receipt of ART on multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: In HIV-infected children, zinc deficiency was the most common and it did not correlate with clinical staging, immunological classification, nutritional status, and receipt of antiretroviral therapy. Hence, supplementation of zinc would be required along with initiation of ART.","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90276733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in HIV-positive adults on antiretroviral therapy in Ondo State, Nigeria 尼日利亚Ondo州接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒阳性成人高血压患病率和危险因素

IF 0.2

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2020.99681

O S Ilesanmi, O. Akpa

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in HIV-positive adults on antiretroviral therapy in Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"O S Ilesanmi, O. Akpa","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2020.99681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.99681","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The occurrence of hypertension in people living with human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (PLWHA) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is increasing. In Nigeria, where the national human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence is 1.4%, an estimated 700,000 PLWHA are on ART. We investigated the prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among adults on ART in Owo, Ondo State. Material and methods: A retrospective study with 300 PLWHA on ART in Federal Medical Centre, Owo, was conducted. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mm Hg. Descriptive statistics were performed. Chi-square tests were used to identify associations between sociodemographic/clinical parameters and hypertension. Odds ratio and adjusted odds ratio were used to examine risk factors associated with hypertension. Results: The mean age of PLWHA was 38.3 years (SD, 10.4) and 33.7% were males. Median duration on ART was 6 years (range, 0.5-15). The prevalence of hypertension was 20.3%, with 25.7% in males and 17.5% among females. The prevalence of hypertension before commencing ART was 14.7% and 20.3% after ART was commenced (p = 0.043). Mean SBP was 110 ± 16 mm Hg before ART use and 118 ± 18 after utilization of ART (p < 0.001). Hypertension before commencing ART was associated with age of 38 years and above (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.3-6.8). Amongst PLWHA, hypertension after commencing treatment was associated with being previously hypertensive (AOR: 9.2; 95% CI: 4.5-18.6). Conclusions: HIV treatment programs should include screening and management of hypertension. Screening and assessment of risk factors were directed at PLWHA diagnosed with hypertension before commencing ART, while routine check of blood pressure was evaluated at subsequent visits. HIV AIDS Rev 2020; 19, 3: 199-205 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.99681","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83710618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Do stigma and disclosure of HIV status are associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy among men who have sex with men? 污名化和披露艾滋病毒状况是否与男男性行为者坚持抗逆转录病毒治疗有关?

IF 0.2

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2020.101594

L. Nafisah, P. Riono, T. Muhaimin

{"title":"Do stigma and disclosure of HIV status are associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy among men who have sex with men?","authors":"L. Nafisah, P. Riono, T. Muhaimin","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2020.101594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.101594","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA), especially men who have sex with man (MSM) suffer from double stigma because of their sexual behavior and HIV status; therefore, many of them do not reveal their status to others. Unfair treatment of health workers experienced by MSM negatively impacts their health, particularly their adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Non-compliance with therapy leads to poor conditions of PLWHA and increased transmission of HIV to their sexual partners. The aim of this study was to examine whether perceived stigma and disclosed HIV status are associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) non-adherence among MSM. Material and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from April to July 2018 in two private clinics in DKI Jakarta, which are often visited by MSM. Thirty-eight adult MSM who had been on ART for ≥ 6 months with a complete medical record were included in this study, using a purposive sampling method. Quantitative data were collected with a structured direct interview and recorded in STATA v.14 for analysis. Results: The average age was 31 years (SD ± 5.38), 94.74% of participants did not have a formal employment and were not married, and 65.79% completed undergraduate education. 50% felt a high stigma related to their HIV status; however, 63.16% revealed their status to others, especially health workers and 52.63% had a good relationship with doctors. There was no significant relationship between perceived stigma and disclosure of status with adherence to ART therapy. Conclusions: Perceived stigma should be minimized by establishing a good patient-doctor relationship. Therefore, MSM would be willing to disclose their HIV status and sexuality, and hence help to achieve optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy.","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82766180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Stigma and discrimination in the view of people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Isfahan, Iran 在伊朗伊斯法罕，对人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者的污名和歧视

IF 0.2

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/HIVAR.2020.96489

Setayesh Sindarreh, F. Ebrahimi, M. Nasirian

{"title":"Stigma and discrimination in the view of people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Isfahan, Iran","authors":"Setayesh Sindarreh, F. Ebrahimi, M. Nasirian","doi":"10.5114/HIVAR.2020.96489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/HIVAR.2020.96489","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In Iran, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a stigmatized issue and there is a nega tive attitude towards the disease. The stigma and discrimination because of HIV can affect both physical and mental health, social activities, and the quality of life of HIVpositive people. The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitude towards HIV infection among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Isfahan, Iran. Material and methods: This crosssectional study examined 99 HIVpositive patients from the Isfahan Health Center, Isfahan, Iran, in December 2017. A standard questionnaire through a crosssectional study was used to evaluate the attitude concerning HIV infection among PLHIV. In addition, linear regression was used to assess factors affecting attitude among PLHIV. Results: About 24% of participants had good levels of attitude, whereas 67.71% of them had a moderate attitude. In addition, around 93% of respondents believed that to allow PLHIV to joint freely in all social activities. The evaluated factors such as gender (p = 0.28), age (p = 0.96), educational level (p = 0.83), and marital status and occupation (p = 0.58), did not have a significant relationship with the attitude score. Conclusions: The attitude to HIV infection was not satisfactory among PLHIV in Isfahan, considering that HIV/AIDSrelated stigma can cause personal, familial, and social problems. Therefore, appropriate actions are needed to improve the attitude and to reduce stigma associated with HIV infection. HIV AIDS Rev 2020; 19, 2: 132-138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.96489","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5114/HIVAR.2020.96489","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71091104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The effect of practical intimate relationship skills training (PAIRS) on marital satisfaction, adjustment, and sexual function in women living with HIV and AIDS: a randomized controlled trial 实用亲密关系技巧训练(PAIRS)对HIV / AIDS女性患者婚姻满意度、适应性和性功能的影响:一项随机对照试验

IF 0.2

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2020.101593

A. Kia, Z. B. Jozani, K. Kabir, L. Salehi, Z. Mahmoodi

{"title":"The effect of practical intimate relationship skills training (PAIRS) on marital satisfaction, adjustment, and sexual function in women living with HIV and AIDS: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"A. Kia, Z. B. Jozani, K. Kabir, L. Salehi, Z. Mahmoodi","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2020.101593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.101593","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Considering the role of marital satisfaction and adjustment in family functioning, which can be influenced by specific disease, such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), this study was conducted to determine the effect of practical intimate relationship skills training (PAIRS) on marital satisfaction, adjustment, and sexual function in women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS (WLHA). Material and methods: In a randomized controlled trial, 44 WLHA referred to the Behavioral Disease Counseling Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran in 2019, were randomly divided into intervention and control groups based on four randomized blocks. Eight sessions of educational counseling were provided once a week for both group. At the beginning, at the end, and at four weeks following the training, Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire, Spinner marital adjustment, and Rosen sexual function questionnaires were completed by patients and analyzed with a SPSS-21 software. Results: This study showed no significant difference between total score of marital satisfaction, marital adjustment, and sexual function before the intervention. Rate of marital satisfaction (p = 0.003), marital adjustment (p = 0.03), and female sexual function (p < 0.001) were significantly increased in the intervention group immediately and one month after the intervention. The results also indicated that 77.9% of the changes in post-test scores of marital satisfaction, 76% of marital adjustment, and 94.9% of sexual function were related to the intervention effect, demonstrating a sustainable impact of educational intervention (p < 0.001). Conclusions: PAIRS can improve marital satisfaction and adjustment and sexual function in WLHA, and influence quality of family functioning. HIV AIDS Rev 2020; 19, 4: 252-259 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.101593","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82800095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early signs of standing postural instability in asymptomatic people living with HIV 无症状艾滋病毒感染者站立姿势不稳的早期迹象

IF 0.2

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2020.99680

Martin G. Rosario

{"title":"Early signs of standing postural instability in asymptomatic people living with HIV","authors":"Martin G. Rosario","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2020.99680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.99680","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can present vestibular system impairments, affecting postural stability. There is limited literature related to visual and somatosensory systems in maintaining postural stability in HIV-positive people. The purpose of this study was to describe sensory systems used to maintain postural stability and how the sources of sensory information can influence postural stability in asymptomatic persons with HIV. Material and methods: Postural stability was measured in 20 asymptomatic persons with HIV with no history of fall (11 males, 9 females; aged 43 ± 8 years). Static postural stability was evaluated during eight conditions that perturbed the visual, somatosensory, and vestibular inputs. One-way MANOVA test was conducted to compare center of pressure (COP), antero-posterior displacement (APD), and right-left displacement (RLD) on a stable and unstable surface. Results: There was a significant increase in the COP, APD, and RLD when the proprioceptive system was challenged on the unstable surface. Conclusions: Postural instability can be detected in asymptomatic HIV-positive persons with challenging conditions before the evident appearance of balance impairments. HIV AIDS Rev 2020; 19, 3: 193-198 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.99680","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90603644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior neuromuscular modification recruitment during postural standing in people living with HIV 艾滋病病毒感染者体位站立时腓肠肌和胫肌前神经肌肉修复恢复

IF 0.2

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2020.101633

Martin G. Rosario

{"title":"Gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior neuromuscular modification recruitment during postural standing in people living with HIV","authors":"Martin G. Rosario","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2020.101633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.101633","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A known repercussion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an alteration of gait and balance, which increases the risk of fall-related injuries for those living with the disease. Muscle weakness and neurocognitive alterations can lead to distorted postural strategies in people living with HIV (PLHIV); however, the precise neuromuscular mechanism leading to this impaired postural instability remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the neuromuscular recruitment of lower extremities during single and dual-cognitive balance tasks among PLHIV. Material and methods: Fifty adults participated in this study, of whom 19 were diagnosed HIV-positive and 31 were HIV-negative. Each participant had surface electromyography electrodes placed on the tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius (GA) muscles of their dominant leg before being instructed to stand in a bi-pedal posture on a balance foam pad for 15 seconds per task. Four single balance tasks and four dual-cognitive balance tasks were performed on the foam pad. Results: Significant modifications in delayed and prolonged neuromuscular activation recruitment were found in both the GA and TA during single tasks, whereas dual cognitive tasks presented comparable results between the HIV group and the control group. Conclusions: Asymptomatic PLHIV exhibit altered neuromuscular recruitment while standing, which suggest a correlation between this evident increase in modification and a localized, peripheral issue or miscommunication between the central and peripheral nervous systems. This research highlights the necessity of conducting lower extremity neuromuscular assessments in all HIV-positive individuals.","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76411438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Fetus exposure to HIV infection by mother during pregnancy – legal aspects 胎儿暴露于艾滋病毒感染的母亲在怀孕期间-法律方面

IF 0.2

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2020.98005

M. Rorat, T. Jurek

{"title":"Fetus exposure to HIV infection by mother during pregnancy – legal aspects","authors":"M. Rorat, T. Jurek","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2020.98005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2020.98005","url":null,"abstract":"From the medical and legal points of view, mother to child way of pathogens’ transmission is specific. In case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the highest risk of infection occurs during labor; hence, implementation of pharmacological prophylaxis for the mother and child is of high importance. Criminal law protection of a pregnant woman is of special nature, as it concerns two dependent entities, yet unequal before the law: the mother and the child. Legislators clearly give priority to the mother's life and health over the life and health of nasciturus . The beginning of labor or the moment when objective indications for early delivery occur, are considered to be the beginning of legal protection of life and health of a child, provided that the fetus has reached fetal viability. Only then, it is entitled to full legal protection. A HIV-infected woman who refuses therapy and, therefore, puts her child at risk of becoming infected, may be liable to prosecution. Liability under Article 161 § 1 of the Penal Code arises only when the child acquires the rights of a born person (human rights). Should the infection be transmitted in the perinatal period or after the birth, a mother may be held liable for moderate or even serious damage to the child's health. A physician is required by law to provide his patient with detailed information regarding the ways of HIV transmission, the options to protect the child against infection, and the risks associated with refusal to undergo therapy.","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90950534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A structural model of HIV risk-taking intentions in Barbados 巴巴多斯艾滋病毒冒险意愿的结构模型

IF 0.2

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/HIVAR.2019.84171

Kimone Phillips, Troy Lorde, Dwayne Devonish

{"title":"A structural model of HIV risk-taking intentions in Barbados","authors":"Kimone Phillips, Troy Lorde, Dwayne Devonish","doi":"10.5114/HIVAR.2019.84171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/HIVAR.2019.84171","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of the study was to provide a comprehensive explanation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (sexual) risk-taking intentions in Barbados using an extended model derived from the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) using structural equation modelling (SEM). The study extends this model by including two other factors essential for the prediction of an individual’s intention to engage in unsafe sexual behaviours: knowledge about HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and perceived risk of or susceptibility to HIV infection. Material and methods: A structured questionnaire was used as the main data collection tool. The main constructs were: HIV Risk-taking Intentions, Attitudes, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioural Control, Knowledge of HIV/AIDS, and Perceived Risk. Three models were tested: SEM; a direct effects model; and the traditional TPB model. Results: The traditional TPB model performed best. Attitudes and perceived behavioural control were significant predictors of HIV risk-taking intentions; knowledge of HIV/AIDS and perceived risk of HIV infection had no influence. Conclusions: Behavioural change interventions should focus on changing attitudes towards sex and sexual behaviours among individuals since attitudes are important determinants of intentions. In terms of perceived behavioural control, efforts should be made to identify those persons who find it difficult to control their sexual behaviours. Enhancing these individuals’ self-efficacy beliefs and confidence about condom use and other safe sex practices would curb intentions to engage in risky sexual practices as well as actual behaviours. HIV AIDS Rev 2019; 18, 1: 62-69 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2019.84171","PeriodicalId":53943,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82440774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0