Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica最新文献

{"title":"\"They treat us equally, they guide us\": peer navigation for HIV care linkage in men who have sex with men and transgender women in Lima, Peru.","authors":"Andres Maiorana, Elizabeth Lugo, Wendy Hamasaki, Gino Calvo, Kelika Konda, Alfonso Silva-Santisteban, Carlos Cáceres, Susan Kegeles","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13198","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective.: </strong>To analyze the elements of a navigation program in Lima that facilitated the linkage of men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) with HIV care.</p><p><strong>Material and methods.: </strong>We conducted interviews with 20 users receiving navigation services and 4 peer navigators living with HIV.</p><p><strong>Results.: </strong>The work of the navigators contributed to filling a gap in HIV services, providing personalized accompaniment to navigate the health care system and facilitating the process of engaging with care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions.: </strong>Patient navigation based on the development of users' strengths can be a useful and feasible strategy to improve linkage to medical care for MSM and TW in Peru, incorporating peer navigators to health teams, horizontality in treatment and public health strategies with greater community participation.</p><p><p>Motivation for the study. In Peru, men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) present low levels of linkage to HIV medical care, which is crucial to consider it a chronic disease, guarantee a healthy life and prevent transmission. Main findings. We implemented a program with specialized personnel called peer navigators, which helped MSM and TW to identify personal strengths and become autonomous within a fragmented and unfriendly health system. Implications. Incorporating peer navigators is a useful and feasible strategy that contributed to filling a gap in HIV care services, providing accompaniment, education and horizontal treatment to improve linkage to medical care for MSM and TW.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"41 2","pages":"105-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of orofacial clefts in Latin America and the Caribbean: trends between 2000 and 2020.","authors":"Juan Sebastián Zuluaga-Morales, Brenda Yuliana Herrera-Serna, Olga Patricia López-Soto, Gloria María Sandoval-Llanos, Juliana Martínez-Nieto","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13558","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"41 2","pages":"220-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trypanosoma spp. infection in urban and wild ecotopes of the caribbean region in Colombia.","authors":"Iván Benavides-Céspedes, Marlon Mauricio Ardila, Geovanny Jiménez-Cotes, Luis Avendaño-Maldonado, Daisy Lozano-Arias, Roberto Garcia-Alzate, Leidi Herrera","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13598","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Motivation for the study. The role of bats as hosts of Trypanosoma spp. in the Atlantic department in Colombia, as well as its taxonomic diversity has been poorly studied. Main findings. This is the first report of frequency of infection by Trypanosoma spp. in bats in the Atlántico Department in Colombia. Implications. The great adaptive capacity of bats to different ecological niches and its role as hosts of Trypanosoma spp. for wild and urban ecotopes represents a risk factor in transmission cycles of epidemiological importance. We conducted a study to evaluate the frequency of infection by Trypanosoma spp. in bats captured in wild and urban ecotopes in the Department of Atlántico in the Caribbean region of Colombia from March 2021 to May 2022. Bats were taxonomically identified, and sex, relative age, and reproductive conditions were determined. A blood sample was used for parasitological analysis and DNA extraction to amplify a region of the 18S rRNA. 125 bats were collected, with the most abundant families being Molossidae (62/125; 49.6%) and Phyllostomidae (43/125; 34.4%). Molossus molossus collected in wild habitats showed an infection frequency of 8.1% (5/61) and 4.1% (3/61) through parasitological and molecular analysis, respectively. In comparison, Noctilio albiventris collected in urban habitats showed an infection frequency of 16.6% (2/12) for both analyses. These findings represent the first records of M. molossus harboring trypanosomes for the Department of Atlántico and of N. albiventris harboring trypanosomes in Colombia.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"41 2","pages":"156-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of the mcr-1 gene in bacteriaemia caused by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.","authors":"Coralith García, Lizeth Astocondor, Noemi Hinostroza, Fiorella Krapp, Jan Jacobs","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13507","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13507","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"41 2","pages":"223-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 mortality: educational inequalities and socio-spatial context in two provinces of Argentina.","authors":"Carlos M Leveau, Guillermo A Velázquez","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13201","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Motivation for the study. There are very few studies on the educational inequalities in COVID-19 mortality, taking into account social contextual factors. Main findings. We found educational inequalities of COVID-19 mortality during both the 2020 and 2021 waves, regardless of the level of poverty and urbanization in the departments of Mendoza and San Juan provinces (Argentina). Implications. Preventive policies should focus not only in areas with high levels of poverty, but also in areas with adults of low educational level. With the aim of describing the association between sociodemographic characteristics and contextual factors with COVID-19 mortality during 2020-2021 in the provinces of Mendoza and San Juan in Argentina, we conducted an ecological study, which included the sociodemographic factors: age, sex and educational level, and the contextual factors: poverty and urbanization at the departmental level. The analyses were estimated using negative binomial Bayesian hierarchical models. Educational inequalities existed regardless of socioeconomic context and level of urbanization. The exception was the age group 65 years and older during 2021, which, regardless of educational level, showed a higher risk of death by COVID-19 in departments with high levels of structural poverty. In conclusion, educational inequality is an indicator of social inequality that increases vulnerability to COVID-19 mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"41 2","pages":"171-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Budget impact of upadacitinib in patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis in Argentina.","authors":"Natalia Espinola, Anastasia Secco, Dario Balan, Diego Kanevsky, Guido Calvi, Pierre Morisset, Ariel Bardach, Federico Augustovski","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.12934","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.12934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives.: </strong>To analyze the budget impact of upadacitinib (UPA) 15 mg + methotrexate (MTX) for the treatment of moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients with an inadequate response to conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (cDMARD-IR) from the perspective of social security and the private health sector in Argentina.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods.: </strong>A budget impact analysis model was developed for a hypothetical cohort of 100,000 adults with health insurance coverage who were diagnosed with RA over a 5-year time horizon. The model parameters were obtained through literature review and validated by local experts. The costs are expressed in 2024 US dollars (USD).</p><p><strong>Results.: </strong>The introduction of UPA 15 mg + MTX for the treatment of moderate-to-severe RA and cDMARD-IR resulted in minimal increase, with a five-year total cumulative incremental cost of USD 1,855 for social security and USD 1,812 for the private health sector, representing 2% of the total budget. The acquisition cost of UPA was the most influential variable in the sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions.: </strong>The introduction of UPA 15 mg + MTX for the treatment of moderate-to-severe RA and cDMARD-IR can provide an effective treatment option with a minimal increase in costs for the healthcare system in Argentina, which is especially important in developing countries where health system budgets are more limited. Providing evidence-based estimates is a valuable tool for informing healthcare policies and can help policymakers make informed decisions about the allocation of healthcare resources to improve patient outcomes while also managing costs.</p><p><p>Motivation for the study. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disease that hasn’t cure, so it’s important to know the budget impact of treatment with upadacitinib (UPA) 15 mg + methotrexate (MTX) in patients with moderate to severe RA who didn’t respond well to conventional antirheumatic drugs. Main findings. UPA + MTX would entail a minimal increase in costs for the healthcare system in Argentina, potentially making this effective treatment option more accessible to patients with RA. Access to this treatment can improve the outcome of patients with RA. Public health implications. In resource-constrained settings such as Argentina, providing evidence-based cost estimates can help healthcare managers allocate resources efficiently while improving patient outcomes. This study provides evidence to inform healthcare policies and decisions regarding the inclusion of UPA + MTX in treatment guidelines or formularies for RA management.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"41 2","pages":"129-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of an acute case of chagas disease in the municipality of Miraflores, Guaviare, Colombia.","authors":"José Ziadé Benítez, Diana Cedeño Díaz, Luz Alba Colorado, Laureano Mosquera Murillo, María Trinidad Orozco, Sandra Vallecilla, Julio Cesar Padilla, Mario J Olivera","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13271","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a case of acute phase Chagas disease in a 40-year-old male patient from Vereda Buenos Aires, Municipality of Miraflores, Department of Guaviare. The patient attended the emergency department with fever, headache, asthenia, adynamia and dysuria. The blood smear and urinalysis were positive for symptomatic urinary tract infection, but negative for malaria. Five days later the diagnosis of acute phase Chagas disease was confirmed after a positive result for Trypanosoma cruzi. The patient was treated with nifurtimox and benznidazole, his contacts and risk areas were investigated, an active entomological community and institutional search was carried out, as well as in the reservoirs, finally, laboratory surveillance for possible cases of infection in the community was conducted. Five cases with similar symptoms were identified, but parasitological tests were negative. Health education measures were implemented to prevent the spread of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"41 2","pages":"203-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance to cephalosporins and quinolones in Escherichia coli isolated from irrigation water from the Rímac river in east Lima, Peru.","authors":"Mónica Huamán Iturrizaga, Gina Salvador-Luján, Liliana Morales, Jeanne Alba Luna, Lino Velasquez Garcia, Julio Daniel Pacheco Perez, Maria J Pons","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13246","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives.: </strong>To evaluate the presence and sensitivity to antimicrobials of Escherichia coli strains isolated from 24 irrigation water samples from the Rimac river of East Lima, Peru.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods.: </strong>The E. coli strains were identified by PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility was processed by the disk diffusion method. Genes involved in extended spectrum beta-lactamases (BLEE), quinolones and virulence were determined by PCR.</p><p><strong>Results.: </strong>All samples exceeded the acceptable limits established in the Environmental Quality Standards for vegetable irrigation. Of the 94 isolates, 72.3% showed resistance to at least one antibiotic, 24.5% were multidrug resistant (MDR) and 2.1% were extremely resistant. The highest percentages of resistance were observed for ampicillin-sulbactam (57.1%), nalidixic acid (50%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (35.5%) and ciprofloxacin (20.4%). Among the isolates, 3.2% had a BLEE phenotype related to the bla CTX-M-15 gene. qnrB (20.4%) was the most frequent transferable mechanism of resistance to quinolones, and 2.04% had qnrS. It was estimated that 5.3% were diarrheagenic E. coli and of these, 60% were enterotoxigenic E. coli, 20% were enteropathogenic E. coli and 20% were enteroaggregative E. coli.</p><p><strong>Conclusions.: </strong>The results show the existence of diarrheogenic pathotypes in the water used for irrigation of fresh produce and highlight the presence of BLEE- and MDR-producing E. coli, demonstrating the role played by irrigation water in the dissemination of resistance genes in Peru.</p><p><p>Motivation for the study. Aquatic systems, including irrigation water, have been identified as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance, with few studies in Peru on the presence of Escherichia coli and their levels of virulence and antimicrobial resistance. Main findings. Our results show the presence of E. coli above the established standard for vegetable irrigation water, some with very high levels of antimicrobial resistance. Implications. The presence of ESBL-producing strains of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and multidrug-resistant E. coli in irrigation water could contribute to the dissemination of resistance genes in Peru, posing a significant threat to public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"41 2","pages":"114-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal mortality in the municipality of Panchimalco, San Salvador: a case series.","authors":"Evelyn Castellanos-Flores","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.411.13335","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.411.13335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perinatal mortality is an indicator that reflects the impact of maternal and infant care in a country. This study presents nine cases of perinatal mortality that occurred in the municipality of Panchimalco, El Salvador. The information was obtained from audit reports. The mothers of the deceased infants were aged between 17 and 43 years, did not use contraceptive methods, had incomplete prenatal controls and averaged a gestational age of 31 weeks. Three deliveries were attended in the community. Most perinatal deaths occurred before delivery due to unknown causes, and live births were preterm. We identified factors such as deficits in comprehensive care for women. Further studies are needed to determine the main factors influencing perinatal deaths in El Salvador. Motivation for the study. It is necessary to understand the maternal and infant characteristics of perinatal deaths. Additionally, it is required to generate evidence that contributes to a better understanding of these events. Main findings. Nine cases of perinatal deaths with maternal-fetal risk characteristics were identified. Most deaths occurred before delivery, with prematurity predominating in the neonates. Implications. Understanding the maternal and infant characteristics of perinatal deaths is essential for developing preventive strategies aimed at reducing risk factors related to perinatal mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"41 1","pages":"83-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with the consumption of medicinal plants for the prevention of COVID-19 in peruvian population: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Fabricio Ccami-Bernal, Cristhian Rojas-Miliano, David R Soriano-Moreno, Daniel Fernández-Guzmán, Carlos Quispe-Vicuña, Enrique A Hernández-Bustamante, Elvira G Zamora-Huaringa, Wendy Nieto-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.411.13265","DOIUrl":"10.17843/rpmesp.2024.411.13265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives.: </strong>Motivation for the study. No study conclusively recommends the use of medicinal plants to treat COVID-19 symptoms, and their indiscriminate use may present health risks. Main findings. Sixty percent of participants consumed medicinal plants to prevent COVID-19. This was particularly true for those living in the Peruvian highlands and individuals with family members diagnosed or deceased from COVID-19, who perceive a higher risk of infection and use medications or chlorine dioxide as preventive measures. Implications. Communication strategies emphasizing validated preventive practices and educating about the risks of consuming medicinal plants should be tailored to the predominant characteristics of the consumer. Determine the factors associated with the consumption of medicinal plants as a preventive measure against COVID-19 in the Peruvian population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods.: </strong>A population over 18 years of age, living in Peru and without a history of COVID-19 disease, was evaluated. The factors associated with the consumption of medicinal plants were evaluated using a Poisson regression model with robust variances.</p><p><strong>Results.: </strong>Of the 3231 participants included, 84.6% were young adults (18-29 years old), 62.7% were women, and 59.7% consumed a medicinal plant to prevent COVID-19 infection. The factors associated with the consumption of medicinal plants to prevent COVID-19 infection were residing in the Peruvian highlands, having had a family member diagnosed with COVID-19, having had a family member die from COVID-19, considering their family to be at increased risk of infection, having used medications or chlorine dioxide to prevent COVID-19, having medical information as the main source of information about COVID-19, thinking that medicinal plants are effective in preventing COVID-19 disease, or not being informed about their effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.: </strong>Sixty percent of the participants reported having consumed a medicinal plant to prevent COVID-19. Authorities must apply communication strategies about the implications of consuming medicinal plants, prioritizing population groups with higher consumption patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":53651,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica","volume":"41 1","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}