Floresta最新文献

{"title":"STUDY ON THE FEASIBILITY OF VENEER AND PLYWOOD PRODUCTION OF Hevea brasiliensis – CLONE RRIM600","authors":"Renan Zunta Raia, S. Iwakiri, R. Trianoski, Alan S. de Andrade","doi":"10.5380/rf.v52i4.69626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v52i4.69626","url":null,"abstract":"Hevea brasiliensis is a very prominent species in Brazil, but there are few studies correlating this species with wood panels production. Based on this, the aim of this work was to evaluate the technical feasibility of laminating and plywood production of Hevea brasiliensis varying the weight and solids content of the glue mixture on the mechanical properties. Phenolic plywood with five 2.0 thick veneers was produced in the laboratory, with two different solids contents of the glue mixture: 35 and 40%, and three different glue weights: 140, 160 and 180 g/m2. The panels were pressed for 10 minutes at 140°C on pressure of 10 kg/cm2. The laminate yield, basic density, and resistance of the glue line to shearing and static bending were evaluated. The lamination yield showed satisfactory results. The lower weight panels produced do not meet the minimum requirement of EN 314-2 and the others two had statistically equal means, and the use of 160 g/m² weight is recommended. The solids content of the glue mix influenced the mechanical properties, but the results still higher than those obtained for Pinus taeda. The results of this study indicate the potential for using Hevea brasiliensis in veneers and plywood production.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44785293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERFORMANCE OF THE FMA+ FOREST FIRE HAZARD INDEX FOR THE SERRA DO TOMBADOR NATURAL RESERVE, GOIÁS, BRAZIL","authors":"Diego Freire Almeida, Bruna Kovalsyki, Fernanda Moura Fonseca Lucas, João Francisco Labres dos Santos, Alexandre França Tetto","doi":"10.5380/rf.v52i4.80322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v52i4.80322","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of the FMA+ fire index for the Serra do Tombador Natural Reserve region in Cavalcante, Goiás. The dataset was composed of records provided by the reserve’s meteorological station and hotspot detection by satellites. The period analyzed was from 2016 to 2020. The index was fitted by modifying the limits of the fire hazard classes of the FMA+, where: a) the distribution of the number of days in each class presented decreasing behavior; and b) the number of days with hotspots by hazard class presented increasing behavior. The performance was evaluated through the skill score and accuracy methods. The FMA+ index received a skill score of 0.5 and accuracy of 75%, but it was necessary to adjust the classes to reach those levels. The results indicated that the adjusted FMA + index was suitable for use in the study region.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42423310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BLUE-GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE DISTRIBUTION IN PIAUÍ, BRAZIL","authors":"Jennifer Viezzer, Emidio Neves de Moraes, D. Biondi","doi":"10.5380/rf.v52i4.86136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v52i4.86136","url":null,"abstract":"Palavras-chave: aspectos socioeconômicos, serviços ecossistêmicos, Abstract Studies of blue-green infrastructure (BGI) are still incipient in Brazil. Since its access and benefits may not be well-distributed among the population, it is important to evaluate BGI distribution to base territorial and environmental planning. This is especially true for less urbanized and developed states, like Piauí. Thus, this study aimed to assess urbanization, socioeconomic and BGI parameters in Piauí municipalities. We conducted a quantitative assessment through descriptive and correlation statistical analysis and spatial data visualization considering absolute population, population density, relative built area, and built area per inhabitant as urbanization parameters; per capita income, poverty, GINI inequality, and human development indexes as socioeconomic parameters; and relative forest area, forest area per inhabitant, relative BGI area, and BGI area per inhabitant as BGI parameters. Strong correlations were found between BGI and urbanization, while important but weak correlations were found between BGI and socioeconomic variables. Municipalities with more BGI are less urbanized and have worse socioeconomic conditions. Results reinforce that the urbanization processes of Piauí municipalities need to ensure open spaces for urban BGI, therefore pursuing environmental justice and BGI access and benefits for all.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42718750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT SHADING PERIODS ON THE INITIAL GROWTH OF Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze","authors":"R. Almeida, Gabriele Baroni, E. Nieri, L. A. Melo","doi":"10.5380/rf.v52i4.76206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v52i4.76206","url":null,"abstract":"A better understanding of the production cycle and best methods for cultivating the seedlings of native Brazilian species are needed to further develop ecological restoration projects and close the knowledge gap on native species. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of different shading periods on the production of nursery seedlings of Cariniana estrellensis . The shade periods were based on the number of days under 50% shade (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days of experiment), using a completely randomized design, with four replicates, and 25 seedlings per parcel. We measured the height, diameter, biomass of the shoot and roots, number of leaves, and quality of seedlings, using the Dickson quality index assessment. We found a positive and linear relationship between all variables and the shading period, with a prolonged period in shade providing the best results. We concluded that Cariniana estrellensis seedlings grow more efficiently in shade.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48834004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GROWTH MODELS FOR Araucaria angustifolia (BERTOL.) KUNTZE IN DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL GRADIENTS IN THE STATE OF SANTA CATARINA","authors":"P. Ricken, Patrícia Póvoa de Mattos, Evaldo Muñoz Braz, A. Hess, Nelson Yoshihiro Nakajima, Roberto Tuyoshi Hosokawa","doi":"10.5380/rf.v52i4.71978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v52i4.71978","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of one or more individuals in a forest is variable with the biotic and abiotic conditions of the environment. Therefore, the objective of this article was to obtain the age and growth estimates of Araucaria angustifolia, in different altitude gradients of occurrence of the species, and to identify the culmination points in the basal area. The study covered three areas with Araucaria Forest in Santa Catarina state, considering different altitudes of occurrence of the species. Non-destructive samples were collected from 226 trees, 76, 73 and 77 trees in areas 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Using the time series, diametric growth models were adjusted, allowing to obtain the curves of current annual increment and average annual increment. In area 1, the age range of the samples was 174 years, in area 2, it was 170 years and in area 3, it was 42 years. The average annual increment for areas 1, 2 and 3 were 0.33 cm, 0.51 cm and 1.01 cm, respectively. Araucaria manages to reach a high growth potential when it is in better development conditions (soil, nutrients, light…).Keywords: Araucaria forest. Dendrochronology. Altitude.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42548534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genipa americana L. GEOGRAPHIC OCCURRENCE IN BRAZIL","authors":"Raquel Elvira Cola, Maria da Penha Moreira Gonçalves, R. Gallo","doi":"10.5380/rf.v52i4.84606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v52i4.84606","url":null,"abstract":"Genipa americana is a well-recommended tree species for the restoration of degraded areas, and it is necessary to understand which soil and climate variables determine its occurrence and in which environments it would become better adapted. The objective of this work was to survey the occurrence of Genipa americana in Brazil and the edaphoclimatic and vegetation variables' influence on its distribution. For this, the survey was carried out using the NeoTropTree database, using 19 environmental variables for the study. The data were submitted to principal component analysis in RStudio, with the factoextra and ggplot2 packages. The main variables from this analysis were applied in the map elaboration with the ArcMap 10.5 program. In the geographic occurrence analysis of 3,916 site results for Brazil, the species G. americana was present in 20.9% of the sites. The predominant biome in the species occurrence in the country was the Amazon, concentrating 38.9% of the sites. Regarding environmental limits, it is clear that the lower the temperature, the lower the chance of the species occurrence. The species is well adapted to high temperatures, annual rainfall ranging from 1,000 to 2,500 mm, and low reliefs. With climate change imminent, it could be used to restore warm regions. However, sites currently dry or threatened with becoming more arid over the years are unsuitable for the species.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47915777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FLORISTIC SIMILARITY IN A FOREST-SAVANNAH ECOTONE IN WESTERN BAHIA STATE, BRAZIL","authors":"Leonardo De Marino Treml, Anadia Cattarin, R. Marques, F. Galvão, L. B. Crivellari, Vinicius Morais Coutinho","doi":"10.5380/rf.v52i4.80286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v52i4.80286","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to generate knowledge about transition areas between phytophysiognomies for the understanding and conservation of these unique environments. Thus, the existence of different floristic groups was analyzed in a spatial gradient of an ecotone in the municipality of São Desidério, state of Bahia, Brazil. To this end, a transect of approximately 4.7 km, with orientation from Northeast to Southwest, was established along a spatial gradient. Twelve (12) 10x50 m sampling plots (500 m² each) were distributed throughout this transect. The following methodology was employed: First, the floristic similarity between the sampling plots was measured. These sampling plots were then grouped and the data were graphically presented in a dendrogram (Cluster analysis) and an ordering diagram (nMDS). Finally, the phytosociological parameters by ordered group were obtained. The results showed the presence of three floristic groups: Groups I, II and III, classified as wooded savannah, seasonal deciduous forest, and forested savannah, respectively. The floristic groups were formed gradually along the spatial gradient, and transition between phytophysiognomies does not occur abruptly, since the ordering by groups is more due to the difference between the abundance of species than to their presence and/or absence. The distribution pattern of the phytophysiognomies along the spatial gradient indicates association with abiotic factors, such as the pedological characteristics and the relief found along the transect, possibly creating an environmental gradient.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45825261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTIVENESS OF SAMPLING METHODS FOR THINNED AND NON-THINNED Pinus taeda L. PLANTATIONS IN THE MOUNTAIN REGION OF SANTA CATARINA, BRAZIL","authors":"Thaila Heberle, Lucas Denega, T. F. Stepka, Marcos Filipe Nicoletti, Guilherme Galéski, Leonardo Dos Santos De Jesus","doi":"10.5380/rf.v52i4.85374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v52i4.85374","url":null,"abstract":"In Brazil, most forest inventories by sampling use the fixed-area method, even though there are other alternatives methods developed since the 1940s. Research demonstrating the effectiveness of variable-area sampling methods is scarce, especially in forest plantations that advocate thinning throughout the production cycle. This study aimed to test different sampling methods of fixed (400 m² circular) and variable (Bitterlich and Strand) areas in a forest inventory in 9-year-old Pinus taeda L. plantations with 9 years without thinning and 14 years with thinning, comparing with the total enumeration of areas. The results obtained from the variables Number of Trees per hectare (N ha-1), Basal Area per hectare (G ha-1) and Volume per hectare (V ha-1) were submitted to a test of average comparison following a completely randomized design for each plantation and the differences observed were detected with the Scott-Knott test at 95% probability. It was evidenced that the Strand method presented greater accuracy for estimating all analyzed variables, especially in the area with thinning, however, it is necessary to increase the sampling intensity to guarantee precision in all cases. The fixed area method showed results consistent with the census for N ha-1 and presented overestimates in the area without thinning and underestimations in the area with thinning for Gha-1 and Vha-1.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45306378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CINQUENTA ANOS DO PRIMEIRO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL DO BRASIL","authors":"Sylvio Péllico Netto, D. Biondi","doi":"10.5380/rf.v52i3.86807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v52i3.86807","url":null,"abstract":"Este artigo teve como objetivo apresentar uma breve história do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal (PPGEF) da Universidade Federal do Paraná neste ano do cinquentenário de sua criação. Partindo de atas, registros e relatos dos professores fundadores foi possível reconstituir passo a passo os trâmites necessários para a criação do PPGEF mais longevo do Brasil. Buscou-se também apresentar os primeiros professores, bem como os primeiros alunos titulados no mestrado e no doutorado do programa. É apresentada também a evolução em números do mestrado e doutorado por década, demonstrando a pujança e magnitude do programa ao longo destes cinquenta anos. Até junho de 2022 o PPGEF titulou 1.425 discentes, sendo 857 títulos de Mestre e 568 títulos de Doutor. Também até esta data foram concedidos 35 certificados de Pós-Doutorado. Concluindo o artigo, os autores abordam alguns aspectos relativos às expectativas do programa para os próximos cinquenta anos.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44225830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EUCALYPTUS BENTHAMII: UMA ESPÉCIE GENETICAMENTE PROMISSORA PARA PRODUÇÃO DE MADEIRA EM ÁREAS SUJEITAS A OCORRÊNCIA DE GEADA","authors":"L. Silva, A. R. Higa, Paulo Alfonso Floss, D. M. Croce, M. D. V. Resende, José Nivaldo Garcia, Henrick Spiecker, Hans-Peter Khale","doi":"10.5380/rf.v52i3.86804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v52i3.86804","url":null,"abstract":"O presente artigo foi escrito a convite da Revista FLORESTA e da coordenação do curso de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) em comemoração ao cinquentenário do programa de Pós-Graduação, neste será apresentado uma síntese dos principais resultados obtidos ao longo do desenvolvimento da tese intitulada “Melhoramento genético de Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden et Cambage visando a produção de madeira serrada em áreas de ocorrência de geadas severas”, que foi desenvolvida na linha de pesquisa “Silvicultura”, sob a orientação do professor Antonio Rioyei Higa, durante os anos de 2005 à 2008. Mesmo antes do início do trabalho de pesquisa a Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina (EPAGRI) esteve envolvida com o projeto, em parceria com o grupo de pesquisa da UFPR, também se envolveram professores e pesquisadores da Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” da Universidade de São Paulo, da Embrapa Floresta e da Universidade de Freiburg da Alemanha. Na ocasião de realização da tese um dos desafios dos silvicultores localizados em áreas com ocorrência de geadas era ter disponível para plantio, sementes ou clones geneticamente melhorados para as características do local e com qualidade da madeira que se destinasse para serraria. Assim o objetivo da tese foi definir uma estratégia de melhoramento genético visando disponibilizar material genético com alto potencial de crescimento, resistência à geada e baixa tensão de crescimento. Para isso foi analisado um teste de progênies instalado em quatro locais com ocorrência de geadas no estado de Santa Catarina, estudou-se variáveis relacionadas a resistência a geadas, produção madeireira e rendimento de madeira em serraria. Os resultados indicaram que com a base genética de E. benthamii estudada é possível disponibilizar sementes geneticamente melhorados para áreas com ocorrência de geadas, com boa produtividade madeireira e rendimentos de madeira em serraria, acima do que se imaginava inicialmente. Para que os ganhos genéticos sejam otimizados foi proposto o zoneamento das áreas estudadas em duas Zonas de Melhoramento - ZM, a ZM1 que compreende as regiões de Caçador-SC, Calmon-SC e Chapecó-SC e a ZM2 que compreende a região de Vargem Bonita-SC.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44146165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}