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INDICATOR ATTRIBUTES OF SOIL QUALITY IN AREAS UNDER DIFFERENT LAND USE SYSTEMS, IN THE WESTERN AMAZON 亚马逊西部不同土地利用制度下土壤质量指标属性

Floresta Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.5380/rf.v53i1.72158

Moisés Santos Souza, Ângelo Mansur Mendes, M. Campos, M. G. Pereira, Otavio Augusto Queiroz dos Santos, Elilson Gomes de Brito Filho

{"title":"INDICATOR ATTRIBUTES OF SOIL QUALITY IN AREAS UNDER DIFFERENT LAND USE SYSTEMS, IN THE WESTERN AMAZON","authors":"Moisés Santos Souza, Ângelo Mansur Mendes, M. Campos, M. G. Pereira, Otavio Augusto Queiroz dos Santos, Elilson Gomes de Brito Filho","doi":"10.5380/rf.v53i1.72158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v53i1.72158","url":null,"abstract":"The anthropization of natural environments, when performed inadequately, promotes the disruption of the ecological balance and can influence the fauna, flora and biodiversity in general, including the edaphic environment and its components. The objective was to evaluate the soil attributes in areas with different types of vegetation cover and different forms of soil management. The study was carried out in native forest area (Subperennial Equatorial Forest) and cultivated area (annual species), in Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil. Samples were collected in two layers (0-10 and 10-20cm), on a Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, to evaluate microbial biomass by the fumigation-extraction (FE) method, as well as the chemical and physical soil attributes. It was possible to verify a significant increase in soil density and reduction of moisture and improvement of chemical attributes resulting from the use of the area. The organic matter content decreased sharply in the managed area (25%), compared to the forest, in the superficial layer (0-10cm). Microbial C-biomass under the native forest showed 54% higher mean value (883 mgC g-1) compared to the managed area (410 mgC g-1) in the superficial layer. The microbial N-biomass ranged from 21.3 to 19.5 mgN.g-1 in the native forest area, and from 9.3 to 11.5 mgN g-1 in the managed area, respectively in the 0-10 and 10-20cm layers. In the native forest area, the addition of organic matter to the soil by the vegetation litter was an important conditioning factor for the microbial community, demonstrating the use of this attribute as an indicator of soil quality.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48354930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DIRECT SEEDING FOR RESTORATION IN TABULEIRO FORESTS: EVALUATION 16 YEARS AFTER IMPLEMENTATION TABULEIRO森林直播恢复：实施16年后的评估

Floresta Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.5380/rf.v53i1.77713

Diego Balestrin, Jonacir De Souza, Guilherme Alexandre Luz DA Costa, S. V. Martins

{"title":"DIRECT SEEDING FOR RESTORATION IN TABULEIRO FORESTS: EVALUATION 16 YEARS AFTER IMPLEMENTATION","authors":"Diego Balestrin, Jonacir De Souza, Guilherme Alexandre Luz DA Costa, S. V. Martins","doi":"10.5380/rf.v53i1.77713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v53i1.77713","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out at the Vale Natural Reserve in Linhares, Espírito Santo, Brazil, with the objective of testing the use of direct seeding as a forest restoration method in Tabuleiro Forest (also called Tableland Forest outside of Brazil) 16 years after its implantation. Three different treatments were evaluated in which 29 native species with different area preparations were used, namely: Total manual mowing + residue burning + herbicide (T1); Total manual mowing + residue burning (T2); and Total manual mowing (T3). Each treatment had an area of 100m² (10x10m) and an interval between plots of 2 m. The survival of the individuals implanted in the direct seeding was evaluated, as well as the natural regeneration of the new individuals with Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) = 15 cm. As a result, after 16 years we can see the presence of 16 species and 106 individuals, as well as a Shannon’s diversity index of (H’) = 1.917 and Pielou’s index (P) = 0.691, demonstrating a low floristic diversity in the area. The species which stood out the most (most individuals) were: Joannesia princeps Vell. L.C.; Spondias venulosa (Engl.) Engl.; and Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub. As a suggestion, it is recommended to use direct seeding in a complementary manner to other restoration techniques, and there should be monitoring of the area in order to assess the evolution of the process and the need for any interventions to assertively assist the entire process.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48509282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

BIOMASS AND NUTRIENTS IN THE FOREST-FLOOR LITTER OF SECOND-GROWTH BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FORESTS 巴西大西洋次生林林底凋落物的生物量和养分

Floresta Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.5380/rf.v53i1.85457

R. Marques, J. G. Larsen, Anadia Cattarin, Fabiana De Medeiros Silveira

{"title":"BIOMASS AND NUTRIENTS IN THE FOREST-FLOOR LITTER OF SECOND-GROWTH BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FORESTS","authors":"R. Marques, J. G. Larsen, Anadia Cattarin, Fabiana De Medeiros Silveira","doi":"10.5380/rf.v53i1.85457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v53i1.85457","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the biomass and chemical composition of the forest floor litter in three remnants of Submontane Dense Ombrophilous Forest located in the Guaricica Natural Reserve in the municipality of Antonina, state of Paraná, Brazil. The areas selected for this study are at different stages of secondary succession, here named initial stage (INI), intermediate stage (INT), and advanced stage (ADV). The litter was collected in different seasons of the year (summer and winter of 2013 and 2014) and sorted into fractions: whole leaves (WL), leaves under some stage of decomposition (DL), miscellaneous litter (ML), and branches (B). After sorting, the litter was oven-dried, weighed, and had the contents of C, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg measured. After that, the accumulated amount of each nutrient in the different litter fractions was estimated. Accumulation of biomass in the INI was lower than that in the ADV. The DL fraction showed the highest level of biomass accumulation among all fractions. The average concentration of macronutrients in the litter showed the following sequence: C>N>Ca>Mg>K>P. The C/N ratio was higher in the INI and INT compared with that in the ADV. Higher levels of macronutrients were frequently observed in the ADV. Inputs of C and of most nutrients increased from the INI to the ADV, except for Ca, whose input varied little throughout the different successional stages.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41365741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PATHOGENICITY OF ISOLATES OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI TO WORKERS OF Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel, 1899) (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) 昆虫病原真菌分离株对黑翅蠊（Forel，1899）工蜂的致病性（膜翅目：蚁科）

Floresta Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.5380/rf.v53i1.84838

M. A. Saldanha, E. C. Costa, M. Muniz, A. C. Quevedo, L. Pedron, J. S. Sarzi

{"title":"PATHOGENICITY OF ISOLATES OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI TO WORKERS OF Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel, 1899) (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)","authors":"M. A. Saldanha, E. C. Costa, M. Muniz, A. C. Quevedo, L. Pedron, J. S. Sarzi","doi":"10.5380/rf.v53i1.84838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v53i1.84838","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf-cutting ants stand out among the main pests of agricultural and forestry crops. Chemical control is the most used method to control these insect pests, requiring the development of techniques that are less harmful to the environment. The present study aimed at verifying the action of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill, Cordyceps fumosorosea (Wize), and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin isolates on the in vitro mortality of Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel). Seven isolates of entomopathogenic fungi were used: three isolates of Beauveria bassiana (IBCB 66, IBCB 170, and IBCB 632), one isolate of Cordyceps fumosorosea (IBCB 130), and three isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (IBCB 348, IBCB 383, and IBCB 425), and five concentrations of spores (1.0×104, 1.0×105, 1.0×106, 1.0×107, and 1.0×108 spores mL-1) for each fungal isolate. The control treatment consisted of autoclaved distilled water and 0.01% Tween 40, without fungal pathogens. The experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design with five replications. Estimation of lethal concentrations of LC50 and LC90 was performed using Probit analysis. The isolates of B. bassiana, C. fumosorosea, and M. anisopliae were pathogenic to leaf-cutting ants with the five tested concentrations of spores. Higher mortality of the specimens was reached with increasing concentration. The entomopathogenic fungi evaluated in this study proved to be efficient agents for the biological control of Acromyrmex heyeri.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48853751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COST MANAGEMENT: THE USE OF FIRE FOR PASTURE RENEWAL IN ALTO MINHO 成本管理：利用火进行阿尔托民和牧场更新

Floresta Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.5380/rf.v53i1.80210

Paulo Rodrigues, Paulo Barreiro

引用次数: 1

EFFECT OF GENETIC MATERIAL AND FERTILIZATION ON ESTIMATING THE DRYING POTENTIAL OF Tectona grandis Linn F. 遗传物质和施肥对大构造草干燥潜力估算的影响。

Floresta Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.5380/rf.v53i1.78915

Poliane Pereira de Souza, J. V. Latorraca, F. H. Carmo, G. C. Santos, Fausto Hissahi Takizawa

{"title":"EFFECT OF GENETIC MATERIAL AND FERTILIZATION ON ESTIMATING THE DRYING POTENTIAL OF Tectona grandis Linn F.","authors":"Poliane Pereira de Souza, J. V. Latorraca, F. H. Carmo, G. C. Santos, Fausto Hissahi Takizawa","doi":"10.5380/rf.v53i1.78915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v53i1.78915","url":null,"abstract":"Drying is a fundamental step in the lumber production process. The definition of variables that affect the quality of the process, such as initial and final temperatures as well as drying potential, depends on the known technological knowledge of the wood, as well as on the experience of the drying process developed for a particular species. With this in mind, we developed an experiment using wood from four genetic materials (three clones and one seminal) of the species Tectona grandis cultivated with and without fertilization. This was done to estimate and evaluate the parameters used in the explanation of drying programs. The values of the initial and final temperatures, and those of the drying potentials, were estimated using the drastic drying methodology, which evaluates the drying rate and defect score (cracks and collapse). In addition to the drying parameters, the physical properties that affect the drying performance were also evaluated. The results show that origin and fertilization did not affect the initial and final temperatures. However, the potential drying parameters were significantly affected by the combination of treatments. Furthermore, the wood drying potential of certain genetic materials was positively affected by fertilization. Finally, the material from the fertilized areas had the lowest basic densities, the highest initial moisture content, and the highest drying rates.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48313423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ALGORITHM FOR THE PROJECTION OF FOREST GROWTH AND PRODUCTION 预测森林生长和生产的算法

Floresta Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.5380/rf.v53i1.85562

T. Costa, Lucas Ramos, M. Campanha, Miguel Marques Gontijo Neto

{"title":"ALGORITHM FOR THE PROJECTION OF FOREST GROWTH AND PRODUCTION","authors":"T. Costa, Lucas Ramos, M. Campanha, Miguel Marques Gontijo Neto","doi":"10.5380/rf.v53i1.85562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v53i1.85562","url":null,"abstract":"The modeling of forest growth and production is an essential tool for forestry management because it allows us to perform simulations and project forest biometric variables in the future, thus assisting in stock planning and economic analyses. In this work, a growth and production model by diameter distribution was proposed with the application of the Weibull function based on the recovery of parameters through simplified functions between the forest attributes and the parameters of the Weibull function. The algorithm was developed in Excel’s VBA language. Validation was performed with data from the Continuous Forest Inventory (CFI) in a stand of Khaya grandifoliola and in rows of Eucalyptus spp. in the ILPF system, which were ordinarily organized into seven date combinations, from the most distant from to the closest to the projection date. The results were evaluated by the percentage standard error (SE%) applied to the projected and observed volumes and by the Kolmogorov‒Smirnov test applied to the diameter distributions to verify adherence. It was possible to identify an exact relationship for parameter c of the Weibull function as a function of the percentiles and for parameter b, improving the parameter recovery method. Another methodological improvement was the use of maximum diameter and maximum height for age to adjust the hypsometric function. The algorithm presented results for total volume with errors up to 20% in 85% of the tests.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44809006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EFFICIENCY OF ORGANIC COMPOST IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF Moringa oleifera LAM. SEEDLINGS 有机堆肥对辣木生长发育的影响。幼苗

Floresta Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.5380/rf.v53i1.83660

Daniel Freitas Dantas Gouveia, Marilza Neves do Nascimento, Romeu da Silva Leite

{"title":"EFFICIENCY OF ORGANIC COMPOST IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF Moringa oleifera LAM. SEEDLINGS","authors":"Daniel Freitas Dantas Gouveia, Marilza Neves do Nascimento, Romeu da Silva Leite","doi":"10.5380/rf.v53i1.83660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v53i1.83660","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of organic compost produced through composting in the development of Moringa oleifera seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in Feira de Santana- BA, Brazil. The design was randomized blocks (RBD), with seven treatments per block and four replicates. The following treatments were tested: commercial substrate; sand (S); S/organic compost (OC) 80/20; S/OC 60/40; S/OC 40/60; S/OC 20/80; S/OC 0/100. The organic compost was formed by pruning residues and vegetable remains that were not cooked. The addition of organic compost promoted the highest means for the parameters height, number of leaves, height/collar diameter ratio, root dry mass and shoot dry mass. For leaf area, height/shoot dry mass ratio and collar diameter, the proportions of the compost had no influence. Higher means of parameters such as tuberous root length and diameter and tuberous structure dry mass were observed in the commercial substrate, which may indicate stress in seedlings of this treatment. Substrates with a lower proportion of organic compost are more suitable for the production of M. oleifera seedlings.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42156140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CHANGED AREAS AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION UNDER THE OPTICS OF THE ABC SYSTEM IN ANTIMARY STATE FOREST ABC制度下原生林生态恢复的面积变化及其经济意义

Floresta Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.5380/rf.v53i1.74444

Raco Tanomaru Júnior, G. Vieira, Z. A. Silva

{"title":"CHANGED AREAS AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION UNDER THE OPTICS OF THE ABC SYSTEM IN ANTIMARY STATE FOREST","authors":"Raco Tanomaru Júnior, G. Vieira, Z. A. Silva","doi":"10.5380/rf.v53i1.74444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5380/rf.v53i1.74444","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses ecological restoration in a Conservation Unit - CU, in the Amazon. Its objective was to generate information about the altered areas and possible ecological restoration techniques that can be used in the Antimary State Forest (ASF) to contribute to the CU management plan. In specific terms, this study aimed to: (1) identify and quantify the types of environmental change at ASF; (2) recommend ecological restoration methods and (3) quantify and analyze the costs of ecological restoration, considering the Activity Based Costing – ABC method. To this end, technical visits were made to the altered areas and experimental plots were implanted. The results generated indicate that the environmental changes in the ASF account for 5.5% of the UC area and are pastures in use or abandoned and abandoned agricultural areas. The recommended ecological restoration methods were to conduct assisted natural regeneration with or without planting enrichment seedlings and suggested ecological nucleation were of a low technological degree and easy to obtain inputs. The cost for the method of conducting assisted natural regeneration without enrichment was B$ 38,538.60/ha, of B$ 20,592.28/ha for the method of conducting assisted natural regeneration with enrichment planting and B$ 40,405.48/ha for the nucleation method with the costs of the techniques ranging from B$ 1,791.8/ha to B$ 8,224.84/ha. The isolation activity of the area was the mostly costly in all the ecological restoration methods studied.","PeriodicalId":53573,"journal":{"name":"Floresta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43768537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DYNAMICS OF WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS IN HYDROGRAPHIC CATCHMENTS WITH NATIVE FOREST AND PINE-PLANTED FORESTS 原生林和松林水文集水区水质参数动态

Floresta Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.5380/rf.v53i1.87251

Kaíque Mesquita Cardoso, M. Zakia, C. Rodrigues, V. Santos

引用次数: 0